CN107200318A - Two-dimensional material quantum piece and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Two-dimensional material quantum piece and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107200318A CN107200318A CN201710407399.9A CN201710407399A CN107200318A CN 107200318 A CN107200318 A CN 107200318A CN 201710407399 A CN201710407399 A CN 201710407399A CN 107200318 A CN107200318 A CN 107200318A
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- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
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- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/06—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
- C01B21/0605—Binary compounds of nitrogen with carbon
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- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/06—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
- C01B21/064—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with boron
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of inorganic nano-material preparation, it is related to two-dimensional material quantum piece and preparation method thereof.The present invention carries out ball milling by first using the inorganic matter of appropriate particle size to be used as adjuvant, then solvent supersonic, last suction filtration and the technique centrifuged to filtrate are added, the uniform and stable dispersion liquid of two-dimensional material quantum piece is obtained, the lamella size of quantum piece is in 1nm 20nm, and the number of plies is 1 layer 10 layers.Compared with the conventional method, this method has wide material sources, the advantages of easy to operate, and prepared quantum piece retains its intrinsic property, and defect is few, and yield is high, is expected to realize large-scale production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of inorganic nano-material preparation, it is related to two-dimensional material quantum piece and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov obtain individual layer stone using mechanical stripping method first within 2004
Black alkene, then the two-dimensional material using graphene as representative gradually by people cognition with utilize.Wherein, in addition to graphene, have
Representational two-dimensional material also includes hexagonal boron nitride, the chalcogenide of transition metal two (TMDs), graphite phase carbon nitride (g-
C3N4), two-dimentional transition metal carbide or carbonitride (MXenes), black phosphorus etc..
How the two-dimensional material material unique as a kind of novel, caused the increasing research interest of people
Realize that the scale of individual layer or few layer two-dimensional material prepares nature just as one of current study hotspot.On the other hand, intrinsic nothing
Defect two-dimensional material quantum dot has wide research and application prospect, but its deficient preparation method becomes system at this stage
About one of its key technology bottleneck being pushed further into.Therefore the general preparative methods of exploitation two-dimensional material quantum dot have great
Theory and realistic meaning.
The preparation strategy of two-dimensional material quantum dot can be divided mainly into " from bottom to top " and " from top to bottom " two major class, wherein
" from bottom to top " method is mainly the method converted by chemical synthesis, molecule assembling or presoma and obtained, and " from top to bottom "
Method is then obtained by physical actions such as ultrasound, ball millings or by chemical processes such as water/solvent heat, etching, electrochemistry.Wherein,
Utilize " from bottom to top " method synthesis two-dimensional material quantum dot report it is relatively fewer, this is mainly due to " from bottom to top " method pair
Require higher in reaction condition, and the material toxicity used is larger, it is difficult to mass produce.In Chinese patent CN105129748A
The method for employing " from bottom to top " is prepared for the chalcogenide quantum dot of transition metal two, although it is with preferably general
Property, but its reaction condition more harshness is, it is necessary to which strict inert gas environment and 280-350 DEG C of reaction temperature, make simultaneously
Use the larger raw material of toxicity, such as trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) and metal carbonyl.Nano Lett.2010,10,1869 are molten
Progressively organic reaction is utilized in liquid, graphene quantum dot is successfully prepared.But its yield is relatively low, and the product finally obtained holds very much
It is also easy to produce reunion and influences its performance.The more method for being " from top to bottom " is reported in document and patent, this method has into
The advantages of this is cheap, technique is simple.Chinese patent CN102616774A, CN102660270A are utilized respectively hydro-thermal method and solvent heat
Method has been prepared with obvious fluorescent effect and regulatable graphene quantum dot, the quantum dot fluorescence yield obtained compared with
Height, has larger potentiality in fluorescent nano material field.Chinese patent CN105271411A is mutually tied using ultrasound with solvent heat
The method of conjunction, first by molybdenum disulfide stock dispersion in absolute ethyl alcohol, adds sodium hydroxide and carries out ultrasound, then in reactor
In solvent thermal reaction is carried out to sample, it is final to obtain molybdenum disulfide quantum dot.Used in Adv.Mater.2017,29,1604847
Hydro-thermal method, has prepared water miscible individual layer Ti3C2Quantum dot, its quantum yield is about 10%, the fluorescence mark available for cell
Note.Although water/solvent-thermal method has more report, the method condition is more harsh, and large-scale production is more difficult.It is Chinese special
" etching method " is used in sharp CN104445088A, i.e., by MoS2Add in water or alcohols solvent, added with the compound such as BN
Hydrogen oxide, is aided with the irradiation of deep ultraviolet LED, so as to obtain the quantum dot of correspondence compound.Hydrogen peroxide is used so that product
Complicate, deep ultraviolet LED can bring extra cost again, be not particularly suitable for large-scale production.Chinese patent CN105543882A profits
Black phosphorus crystal is decomposed in organic solvent with the method for electrochemical intercalation to obtain black phosphorus quantum dot.This method is although more have
Effect, but it is adapted to laboratory research, it is more difficult to realize prepare with scale.Adopted in Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2015,54,5425
The method being combined with Mechanical Method with ultrasound, is first carried out the chalcogenide of transition metal two at wet method hand lapping, then ultrasound
Reason, then repeats the above steps, can finally obtain a series of chalcogenide quantum dots of different transition metal two.This method is use up
Pipe is relatively simple, but hand lapping method is only applicable to a small amount of preparation, and the possibility of large-scale production is relatively low.
So far, the preparation method for the two-dimensional material quantum dot reported in document and patent, is present following universal
Problem：Such as cost is higher, complex process, material toxicity are larger, operating difficulties, and yield is relatively low, it is difficult to meet extensive
The demand of production.This is just in the urgent need to Devoting Major Efforts To Developing is simple, universal method efficiently, inexpensive, for preparing two-dimensional material amount
It is sub-, and breakthrough in preparation method will certainly greatly accelerate its process of industrialization.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide two-dimensional material quantum piece and preparation method thereof, for solving two-dimentional material in the prior art
Doses sub-pieces preparation technology complexity, poor universality, be difficult to large-scale production the problem of.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
In a first aspect, the present invention provides two-dimensional material quantum piece and preparation method thereof, comprise the following steps：
(1) two-dimensional material raw material, inorganic matter and ball milling ball are mixed, carries out ball milling；
(2) ball milling product and ball milling ball are separated, solvent is added into ball milling product and obtains dispersion liquid, ultrasound is carried out；
(3) particle diameter of the aperture less than inorganic matter of filter membrane used in suction filtration, suction filtration is carried out to ultrasonic product, to what is obtained
Filtrate is centrifuged, and obtains the dispersion liquid of two-dimensional material quantum piece.
In the present invention, the dispersion liquid of obtained two-dimensional material quantum piece is a kind of uniform and stable dispersion liquid.
In the present invention, the particle diameter of inorganic matter is 50nm-10000nm, for example, 50nm, 100nm, 200nm, 300nm,
400nm、500nm、600nm、800nm、1000nm、1500nm、2000nm、2200nm、3000nm、3500nm、4000nm、
4300nm, 5000nm, 6000nm, 6500nm, 7000nm, 8000nm, 8500nm, 9000nm or 10000nm etc..
The present invention carries out ball milling by first using the inorganic matter of appropriate particle size to be used as adjuvant, then adds solvent and surpasses
Sound, last suction filtration and the technique centrifuged to filtrate, have prepared the uniform and stable dispersion liquid of two-dimensional material quantum piece.
Preferably, the inorganic matter be silica, alundum (Al2O3), titanium dioxide or zinc oxide in any one or
At least two combination, the combination is typical but non-limiting examples have：The combination of silica and alundum (Al2O3), titanium dioxide
The combination of the combination of silicon and titanium dioxide, alundum (Al2O3) and zinc oxide, the group of silica, alundum (Al2O3) and titanium dioxide
Close etc..
Preferably, the mass ratio of the two-dimensional material raw material and inorganic matter is 1:1-1:100, for example, 1:1、1:3、1:5、
1:10、1:15、1:20、1:30、1:35、1:40、1:50、1:60、1:70、1:80 or 1:100 etc., preferably 1:5-1:30.
Preferably, a diameter of 0.5mm-20mm of the ball milling ball, for example, 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 3mm,
3.5mm, 4.5mm, 5mm, 6mm, 8mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 15mm, 16mm, 18mm, 19mm or 20mm etc..
Preferably, the material of the ball milling ball includes agate, zirconium dioxide, stainless steel, modulation steel, hard tungsten carbide, nitrogen
In SiClx or alundum any one or at least two combination, but be not limited to the above-mentioned material enumerated, other abilities
The material of the conventional ball milling ball that can reach same effect in domain can also be used for the present invention.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the two-dimensional material raw material and ball milling ball is 1:10-1:1000, for example, 1:10、1:20、
1:30、1:45、1:60、1:80、1:100、1:120、1:170、1:200、1:240、1:300、1:350、1:400、1:450、1:
500、1:550、1:600、1:700、1:750、1:800、1:900 or 1:1000 etc., preferably 1:50-1:300.
Preferably, the two-dimensional material raw material includes graphite, hexagonal boron nitride, the chalcogenide of transition metal two
(TMDs), two-dimentional transition metal carbide or carbonitride (MXenes), graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) or black phosphorus in it is any
It is a kind of or at least two combination, but be not limited to the above-mentioned two-dimensional material raw material enumerated, other are commonly used in the art to can reach
The two-dimensional material of same effect can also be used for the present invention.
Preferably, the transition metal in the chalcogenide of transition metal two be the periodic table of elements in IVB, VB, VIB,
In VIIB or VIII element any one or at least two combination.
Preferably, the chalcogen in the chalcogenide of transition metal two is any one in S, Se or Te element
Or at least two combination.
Preferably, the chemical composition of the two-dimentional transition metal carbide or carbonitride is Mn+1Xn, wherein M is transition
In metal Ti, V, Cr or Nb element any one or at least two combination；X is C element, or is C element and N element；n
For 1,2 or 3.
Preferably, the size of the two-dimensional material raw material is 0.1 μm -10000 μm, for example, 0.1 μm, 1 μm, 5 μm, 10 μ
m、50μm、100μm、200μm、300μm、400μm、550μm、700μm、1000μm、1200μm、1500μm、2000μm、2500μ
M, 3000 μm, 4500 μm, 6000 μm, 7000 μm, 8000 μm, 9000 μm or 10000 μm etc..
Preferably, the time of the ball milling be 0.5h-120h, for example, 0.5h, 1h, 3h, 5h, 10h, 12h, 15h, 18h,
24h, 36h, 48h, 50h, 60h, 70h, 80h, 90h, 100h, 110h or 120h etc., preferably 1h-50h.
Preferably, the solvent include 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE, NVP, N- cyclohexyl pyrrolidones,
NOP, N-dodecylpyrrolidone, gamma-butyrolacton, formamide, N-METHYLFORMAMIDE, N, N- dimethyl methyls
Acid amides, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), benzene, chlorobenzene, bromobenzene, benzonitrile, benzaldehyde, Ergol, dibenzyl
In ether, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, butanone, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, water any one or at least two combination, but not
It is limited to the above-mentioned solvent enumerated, other solvents that can reach same effect commonly used in the art can also be used for the present invention.
Preferably, the concentration for adding the dispersion liquid obtained after solvent is 1mg/mL-50mg/mL, for example, 1mg/mL, 5mg/
mL、10mg/mL、12.5mg/mL、15mg/mL、20mg/mL、25mg/mL、30mg/mL、35mg/mL、38mg/mL、40mg/mL、
45mg/mL or 50mg/mL etc..
Preferably, the ultrasound is any one in probe type ultrasound or water-bath type ultrasound.
Preferably, the ultrasonic power be 50W-1000W, for example, 50W, 100W, 150W, 200W, 300W, 400W,
450W, 500W, 600W, 700W, 750W, 800W, 900W or 1000W etc..
Preferably, the ultrasonic time is 0.5h-120h, preferably 1h-50h.
Preferably, the suction filtration is vacuum filtration.
Preferably, the aperture of the filter membrane used in suction filtration is 0.02 μm.
Preferably, the rotating speed of the centrifugation be 500r/min-10000r/min, for example, 500r/min, 600r/min,
800r/min、1000r/min、1400r/min、1800r/min、2000r/min、2500r/min、3000r/min、3250r/
min、3750r/min、4000r/min、4200r/min、4500r/min、5000r/min、5500r/min、6000r/min、
6500r/min, 7000r/min, 7500r/min, 8000r/min, 9000r/min or 10000r/min etc., preferably 1000r/
min-6000r/min。
Preferably, the time of the centrifugation be 1min-120min, for example, 1min, 5min, 10min, 20min, 30min,
45min, 50min, 60min, 70min, 72min, 80min, 85min, 90min, 100min, 110min or 120min etc., preferably
For 5min-60min.
As the further preferred technical scheme of the method for the invention, it the described method comprises the following steps：
(1) it is 50nm-10000nm inorganic matter and a diameter of 0.5mm-20mm ball milling by two-dimensional material raw material, particle diameter
Ball is according to 1:(1-100):The ratio mixing of (10-1000), ball milling 0.5h-120h；
(2) ball milling product and ball milling ball are separated, solvent is added into ball milling product and obtains concentration for 1mg/mL-50mg/
ML dispersion liquid, the ultrasound 0.5h-120h under conditions of ultrasonic power 50W-1000W；
(3) ultrasonic product is filtered by vacuum, to obtained filtrate in the bar that rotating speed is 500r/min-10000r/min
1min-120min is centrifuged under part, the dispersion liquid of two-dimensional material quantum piece is obtained.
Second aspect, the present invention provides the two-dimensional material quantum piece that method is prepared as described in relation to the first aspect, described two
It is two-dimensional layer material to tie up quantity of material sub-pieces, and lamella size is 1nm-20nm, and the number of plies is 1 layer -10 layers.
In the present invention, the lamella size (namely particle diameter) of the two-dimensional material quantum piece prepared is 1nm-20nm, for example
For 1nm, 2nm, 4nm, 5nm, 6nm, 8nm, 9nm, 10nm, 12nm, 13nm, 14nm, 15nm, 16nm, 17nm, 18nm, 19nm or
20nm etc..
In the present invention, the number of plies of the two-dimensional material quantum piece prepared is 1 layer -10 layers, for example, 1 layer, 2 layers, 3 layers, 4
Layer, 5 layers, 6 layers, 7 layers, 8 layers or 10 layers etc..
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
The present invention carries out ball milling by first using the inorganic matter of appropriate particle size to be used as adjuvant, then adds solvent and surpasses
Sound, last suction filtration and the technique centrifuged to filtrate, have prepared the uniform and stable dispersion liquid of two-dimensional material quantum piece.With it is existing
Method is compared, and this method has wide material sources, the advantages of easy to operate, and prepared quantum piece retains its intrinsic property, defect
Seldom, yield is high, is expected to realize large-scale production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 be embodiment 1 in graphite raw material optical microscope photograph.
Fig. 2 is the outward appearance photo of the graphene quantum piece NMP dispersion liquids prepared by embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the transmission electron microscope photo of the graphene quantum piece prepared by embodiment 1.
Embodiment
Further illustrate technical scheme below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(1) it is about 500 μm of graphite raw material by 1g average-sizes, 1g average-sizes are straight for 400nm silica and 10g
Footpath mixes for 0.5mm agate balls, ball milling 0.5h.
(2) agate ball is separated, add 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE (NMP), be configured as 1mg/mL dispersion liquid, then with
50W ultrasonic power ultrasound 120h.
(3) sample after ultrasound is first filtered by vacuum, and by the filter membrane that aperture is 0.02 μm, then carries out centrifugation point to filtrate
From the rotating speed of centrifugation is 500r/min, and the time of centrifugation is 120min, that is, obtains graphene quantum piece NMP dispersion liquids.
Fig. 1 is the optical microscope photograph of graphite raw material in embodiment 1.As shown in Figure 1, its size is about 500 μm.
Fig. 2 is the outward appearance photo of the graphene quantum piece NMP dispersion liquids prepared by embodiment 1.As shown in Figure 2, graphene
Quantum piece NMP dispersion liquids are in black.
Fig. 3 be by the graphene quantum piece NMP dispersant liquid drops prepared by embodiment 1 on copper mesh, treating that solvent volatilizees completely,
Transmission electron microscope characterizes obtained transmission electron microscope photo.From the figure 3, it may be seen that the particle diameter of graphene quantum piece is about 3-5nm.
Embodiment 2
(1) it is 2 μm of MoS by 0.1g average-sizes2Raw material, 10g average-sizes are 100nm alundum (Al2O3) and 100g
A diameter of 20mm stainless steel ball mixing, ball milling 120h.
(2) stainless steel ball is separated, adds NMP, 50mg/mL dispersion liquid is configured as, then with 1000W ultrasonic work(
Rate ultrasound 0.5h.
(3) sample after ultrasound is first filtered by vacuum, and by the filter membrane that aperture is 0.02 μm, then carries out centrifugation point to filtrate
From the rotating speed of centrifugation is 10000r/min, and the time of centrifugation is 1min, that is, obtains MoS2The NMP dispersion liquids of quantum piece.
Embodiment 3
(1) by the hexagonal boron nitride raw material that 0.01g average-sizes are 100 μm, 0.1g average-sizes are 500nm titanium dioxide
Titanium and a diameter of 6mm of 10g zirconia balls mixing, ball milling 20h.
(2) and then by zirconia balls separate, add isopropanol, 10mg/mL dispersion liquid is configured as, then with 200W
Ultrasonic power ultrasound 5h.
(3) sample after ultrasound is first filtered by vacuum, and by the filter membrane that aperture is 0.02 μm, then carries out centrifugation point to filtrate
From the rotating speed of centrifugation is 5000r/min, and the time of centrifugation is 20min, that is, the isopropanol for obtaining hexagonal boron nitride quantum piece disperses
Liquid.
Embodiment 4
(1) it is 0.1 μm of Ti by 1g average-sizes3C2, 10g average-sizes are 50nm zinc oxide and a diameter of 3mm of 50g
Silicon nitride ball mixing, ball milling 10h.
(2) and then by silicon nitride ball separate, add water, 20mg/mL dispersion liquid is configured as, with 400W ultrasonic power
Ultrasonic 3h.
(3) sample after ultrasound is first filtered by vacuum, and by the filter membrane that aperture is 0.02 μm, then carries out centrifugation point to filtrate
From the rotating speed of centrifugation is 3000r/min, and the time of centrifugation is 10min, that is, obtains Ti3C2The aqueous dispersions of quantum piece.
Embodiment 5
(1) be 50 μm of graphite phase carbon nitride by 1g average-sizes, 50g average-sizes for 1000nm silica and
The a diameter of 14mm of 30g hard tungsten-carbide ball mixing, ball milling 7h.
(2) and then by hard tungsten-carbide ball separate, add tetrahydrofuran, 30mg/mL dispersion liquid is configured as, with 600W
Ultrasonic power ultrasound 10h.
(3) sample after ultrasound is first filtered by vacuum, and by the filter membrane that aperture is 0.02 μm, then carries out centrifugation point to filtrate
From the rotating speed of centrifugation is 4000r/min, and the time of centrifugation is 6min, that is, obtains the tetrahydrofuran of graphite phase carbon nitride quantum piece
Dispersion liquid.
Embodiment 6
(1) by the black phosphorus that 0.5g average-sizes are 0.2 μm, 5g average-sizes are 10000nm silica and 20g diameters
Mixed for 14mm stainless steel ball, ball milling 12h.
(2) and then by stainless steel ball separate, add benzonitrile, 40mg/mL dispersion liquid is configured as, with 300W ultrasound
Power ultrasonic 6h.
(3) sample after ultrasound is first filtered by vacuum, and by the filter membrane that aperture is 0.02 μm, then carries out centrifugation point to filtrate
From the rotating speed of centrifugation is 5000r/min, and the time of centrifugation is 6min, that is, obtains the benzonitrile dispersion liquid of black phosphorus quantum piece.
Embodiment 7
Except the time of step (1) ball milling is other preparation methods and condition and embodiment outside 3h, and step (2) ultrasound 10h
1 is identical, obtains graphene quantum piece NMP dispersion liquids.
Embodiment 8
Outside step (1) ball milling 72h, and step (2) ultrasound 2h, other preparation methods and condition are same as Example 2, obtain
Obtain MoS2The NMP dispersion liquids of quantum piece.
Embodiment 9
Except the usage amount of alundum (Al2O3) is adjusted into 3g, ball milling 36h, and ultrasonic power is other preparation sides outside 400W
Method and condition are same as Example 2, obtain MoS2The NMP dispersion liquids of quantum piece.
Embodiment 10
Except the usage amount of titanium dioxide is adjusted into 0.5g, and ultrasonic power is other preparation methods and condition outside 100W
It is same as Example 3, obtain the isopropanol dispersion liquid of hexagonal boron nitride quantum piece.
Comparative example 1
In addition to silica is replaced using sodium chloride, other preparation methods and condition are same as Example 1.
As a result show, it is impossible to obtain graphene quantum piece NMP dispersion liquids.
Comparative example 2
In addition to silica is replaced using sodium chloride, other preparation methods and condition are same as Example 3.
As a result show, it is impossible to obtain the isopropanol dispersion liquid of BN quantum pieces.
Applicant states that the present invention illustrates the method detailed of the present invention, but not office of the invention by above-described embodiment
It is limited to above-mentioned method detailed, that is, does not mean that the present invention has to rely on above-mentioned method detailed and could implemented.Art
Technical staff it will be clearly understood that any improvement in the present invention, equivalence replacement and auxiliary element to each raw material of product of the present invention
Addition, selection of concrete mode etc., within the scope of all falling within protection scope of the present invention and being open.
Claims (10)
1. two-dimensional material quantum piece and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that the described method comprises the following steps：
(1) two-dimensional material raw material, inorganic matter and ball milling ball are mixed, carries out ball milling；
(2) ball milling product and ball milling ball are separated, solvent is added into ball milling product and obtains dispersion liquid, ultrasound is carried out；
(3) particle diameter of the aperture less than inorganic matter of filter membrane used in suction filtration, suction filtration is carried out to ultrasonic product, to obtained filtrate
It is centrifuged, obtains the dispersion liquid of two-dimensional material quantum piece.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the particle diameter of the inorganic matter is 50nm-10000nm；
Preferably, the inorganic matter be silica, alundum (Al2O3), titanium dioxide or zinc oxide in any one or at least
Two kinds of combination；
Preferably, the mass ratio of the two-dimensional material raw material and inorganic matter is 1:1-1:100, preferably 1:5-1:30.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that a diameter of 0.5mm-20mm of the ball milling ball；
Preferably, the material of the ball milling ball includes agate, zirconium dioxide, stainless steel, modulation steel, hard tungsten carbide, silicon nitride
In alundum any one or at least two combination；
Preferably, the mass ratio of the two-dimensional material raw material and ball milling ball is 1:10-1:1000, preferably 1:50-1:300.
4. the method according to claim any one of 1-3, it is characterised in that the two-dimensional material raw material includes graphite, six
Square boron nitride, the chalcogenide of transition metal two, two-dimentional transition metal carbide or carbonitride, graphite phase carbon nitride or black phosphorus
In any one or at least two combination；
Preferably, the transition metal in the chalcogenide of transition metal two is IVB, VB, VIB, VIIB in the periodic table of elements
In VIII element any one or at least two combination；
Preferably, the chalcogen in the chalcogenide of transition metal two be S, Se or Te element in any one or extremely
Few two kinds combination；
Preferably, the chemical composition of the two-dimentional transition metal carbide or carbonitride is Mn+1Xn, wherein M is transition metal
In Ti, V, Cr or Nb element any one or at least two combination；X is C element, or is C element and N element；N be 1,
2 or 3；
Preferably, the size of the two-dimensional material raw material is 0.1 μm -10000 μm.
5. the method according to claim any one of 1-4, it is characterised in that the time of the ball milling is 0.5h-120h, excellent
Elect 1h-50h as.
6. the method according to claim any one of 1-5, it is characterised in that the solvent include 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE,
NVP, N- cyclohexyl pyrrolidones, NOP, N-dodecylpyrrolidone, γ-Ding Nei
Ester, formamide, N-METHYLFORMAMIDE, N,N-dimethylformamide, DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), benzene, chlorobenzene,
In bromobenzene, benzonitrile, benzaldehyde, Ergol, benzyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, butanone, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, water
Any one or at least two combination；
Preferably, the concentration for adding the dispersion liquid obtained after solvent is 1mg/mL-50mg/mL.
7. the method according to claim any one of 1-6, it is characterised in that the ultrasound is probe type ultrasound or water-bath type
Any one in ultrasound；
Preferably, the ultrasonic power is 50W-1000W；
Preferably, the ultrasonic time is 0.5h-120h, preferably 1h-50h.
8. the method according to claim any one of 1-7, it is characterised in that the suction filtration is vacuum filtration；
Preferably, the aperture of the filter membrane used in the suction filtration is 0.02 μm；
Preferably, the rotating speed of the centrifugation is 500r/min-10000r/min, preferably 1000r/min-6000r/min；
Preferably, the time of the centrifugation is 1min-120min, preferably 5min-60min.
9. the method according to claim any one of 1-8, it is characterised in that the described method comprises the following steps：
(1) it is that 50nm-10000nm inorganic matter and a diameter of 0.5mm-20mm ball milling ball are pressed by two-dimensional material raw material, particle diameter
According to 1:(1-100):The ratio mixing of (10-1000), ball milling 0.5h-120h；
(2) ball milling product and ball milling ball are separated, it is 1mg/mL-50mg/mL's that solvent is added into ball milling product and obtains concentration
Dispersion liquid, the ultrasound 0.5h-120h under conditions of ultrasonic power 50W-1000W；
(3) ultrasonic product is filtered by vacuum, to obtained filtrate under conditions of rotating speed is 500r/min-10000r/min
1min-120min is centrifuged, the dispersion liquid of two-dimensional material quantum piece is obtained.
10. the two-dimensional material quantum piece prepared such as any one of claim 1-9 methods described, it is characterised in that described two
It is two-dimensional layer material to tie up quantity of material sub-pieces, and lamella size is 1nm-20nm, and the number of plies is 1 layer -10 layers.
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