CN107196338B - A kind of double-fed blower low-voltage ride-through method of dynamic adjustment rotor crow bar resistance value - Google Patents
A kind of double-fed blower low-voltage ride-through method of dynamic adjustment rotor crow bar resistance value Download PDFInfo
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- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 3
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- H02J3/386—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/007—Control circuits for doubly fed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
- H02P9/102—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load for limiting effects of transients
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
- H02P2101/15—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for wind-driven turbines
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of double-fed blower low-voltage ride-through methods of dynamic adjustment rotor crow bar resistance value, the Crowbar circuit of resistance is adjusted using dynamic, two parallel resistances R1, R2 are controlled by IGBT 1 and IGBT2 respectively, two IGBT period alternate conductions, comprising: when rotor current amplitude | Ir| it is more than threshold value Ir.thWhen, blocked rotor side current transformer, while putting into resistance value is Rcb1Crowbar circuit, inhibit free voltage drop depth under rotor current；When dc-link capacitance voltage is more than threshold value Udc.th1When, calculating and reducing crow bar resistance value is Rcb2；When dc-link capacitance voltage is more than threshold value Udc.th2, Udc.th2> Udc.th1, when, calculating and reducing crow bar resistance value is Rcb3；As dc-link capacitance voltage UdcIn threshold value Udc.th2Below and rotor current IrI when dropping to its return valuer.reWhen, cut off Crowbar circuit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the low voltage crossing scheme of double-fed blower, in particular to a kind of adjustment of dynamic in real time rotor crow bar resistance
The low voltage crossing scheme of value.
Background technique
Large-scale power electricity with the rapid development of power electronic technique, based on dual-feed asynchronous wind power generator (DFIG)
The ratio of sub- generating equipment in the power system is continuously improved.It is quicker to electric network fault that the unique structure of double-fed blower results in it
Sense, transient characterisitics are more complicated, it is easier to off-grid occur, jeopardize the safe operation of electric system." wind power plant accesses electric system skill
Art provides " in clearly propose basic demand to wind power plant low voltage crossing (LVRT) ability, it is desirable that grid entry point Voltage Drop
When to 20% nominal voltage, Wind turbines possess the ability of not off-grid continuous operation.
When catastrophe failure occurs in electric system, there is serious Voltage Drop in DFIG generator terminal, to realize low voltage crossing,
Current effective method needs to increase hardware protection equipment in DFIG rotor side mostly.Wherein, rotor-side adds crow bar
Protective device be more common low-voltage ride-through method.Correlative study currently about DFIG rotor crow bar crossing technology is big
It focuses on through the adjusting of resistance value to crow bar resistance and the optimization at crow bar device switching moment more and improves low voltage crossing effect,
Faulty grids are assisted to restore.Meanwhile by design new-type crowbar circuit structure and matching crowbar circuit control strategy come
The low voltage crossing performance for improving device is also the emphasis of research.
The prior art has the following disadvantages and deficiency: rotor crowbar circuit mostly uses the protection of single or multiple fixed resistance value
Circuit structure sacrifices the inhibitory effect of rotor overcurrent usually in the adjusting of crow bar resistance to guarantee DC bus-bar voltage
Not out-of-limit, low voltage crossing is ineffective.Meanwhile under depth failure, rotor crow bar, which is directly cut off, causes rotor current secondary
The generation of impact causes rotor crow bar frequently switching phenomenon repeatedly, extends rotor crow bar making time, so that DFIG absorbs nothing
Function increases, and is unfavorable for system voltage recovery.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the shortcomings in the prior art and defect, the present invention provide a kind of low-voltage of dynamic adjustment rotor crow bar resistance value
Traversing method adjusts the rotor crowbar circuit of resistance value using dynamic, in failure process, according to fault message and fan operation shape
Crow bar resistance value is adjusted in real time and adjusted to state, takes into account the inhibition of rotor current and DC bus-bar voltage, reduce crow bar switching frequency and
Making time completes the low voltage crossing under different grid voltage sags depth.Technical solution is as follows:
A kind of double-fed blower low-voltage ride-through method of dynamic adjustment rotor crow bar resistance value, using dynamic adjustment resistance
Crowbar circuit, two parallel resistances R1, R2 are controlled by IGBT 1 and IGBT2 respectively, and two IGBT period alternate conductions are led to
It crosses control switch duty ratio and changes Crowbar equivalent resistance resistance value, realize the real-time tune of rotor Crowbar resistance in failure process
Whole, the resistance value of Crowbar equivalent resistance is
In formula, D1, D2 are respectively the duty ratio of the conducting pulsewidth of IGBT 1, IGBT2；
If the rotor current threshold value of crow bar investment is Ir.th, dc-link capacitance voltage early warning value is Udc.th1, DC bus
Capacitance voltage maximum permissible value is Udc.th2, dc-link capacitance voltage rating is Udc.N, comprising the following steps:
(1) when rotor current amplitude | Ir| it is more than threshold value Ir.thWhen, blocked rotor side current transformer, while putting into resistance value is Rcb1
Crowbar circuit, inhibit free voltage drop depth under rotor current；
(2) as dc-link capacitance voltage UdcMore than threshold value Udc.th1When, according to the fan operation parameter and voltage at this moment
It is R that drop depth, which calculates and reduces crow bar resistance value,cb2, inhibit the rising of dc-link capacitance voltage；
(3) as dc-link capacitance voltage UdcMore than threshold value Udc.th2, Udc.th2> Udc.th1, when, it is transported according to this moment blower
Row parameter and Voltage Drop depth calculation simultaneously reduce crow bar resistance value as Rcb3；
(4) as dc-link capacitance voltage UdcIn threshold value Udc.th2Below and rotor current IrI when dropping to its return valuer.re
When, cut off Crowbar circuit；
Wherein,
Rcb1Setting principle: at the time of rotor current phase is zero, blower grid entry point occurs three-phase shortcircuit and voltage and falls
Falling depth is 1, the possibility maximum value I of rotor current peak value after crow bar is instantaneously put intomax.1Less than rotor current maximum permissible value
Imax.th；
Rcb2Setting principle there are two:
Principle 1: after crow bar investment, crow bar both end voltage peak value is less than dc-link capacitance voltage early warning value Udc.th1；
Principle 2: rotor current peak Imax.2Less than rotor current maximum permissible value Imax.th；
Rcb3Setting principle be there are two:
Principle 1: after crow bar investment, crow bar both end voltage peak value is less than dc-link capacitance voltage rating Udc.N；
Principle 2: rotor current peak Imax.3Less than rotor current maximum permissible value Imax.th；
Wherein, dc-link capacitance voltage early warning value Udc.th1It can be calculated by following formula: Udc.th1=80% (Udc.th2-Udc.N)+
Udc.N。
Compared with prior art, this programme dynamically adjusts rotor crow bar resistance value in failure process, seriously falls in voltage
The low voltage crossing that double-fed blower is realized when falling, reach it is following the utility model has the advantages that
(1) big resistance value crow bar is put at failure initial stage, guarantees that stage rotor current impact is effectively suppressed, reduces and turn
Electron current peak value.
(2) in failure process, according to fault message, crow bar resistance value is adjusted in real time, by reducing crow bar step by step stage by stage
Resistance value while guaranteeing rotor overcurrent inhibitory effect, reduces dc-link capacitance voltage, completes the DFIG's under different faults
Low voltage crossing.
(3) corresponding crow bar resistance value when crowbar circuit excision is reduced, can inhibit the secondary overcurrent of rotor current existing in this way
As reducing crow bar making time and switching frequency, reducing the adverse effect restored to system voltage.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is dynamic adjustment resistance Crowbar circuit structure diagram
Fig. 2 is Crowbar ADAPTIVE CONTROL figure
Fig. 3 is the grid-connected figure of DFIG of embodiment
Transient response when blower low voltage crossing when Fig. 4 (a) Voltage Drop 60%
Different schemes rotor current compares when Fig. 4 (b) Voltage Drop 60%
Different schemes DC bus-bar voltage compares when Fig. 4 (c) Voltage Drop 60%
Transient response when blower low voltage crossing when Fig. 5 (a) Voltage Drop 80%
Different schemes rotor current compares when Fig. 5 (b) Voltage Drop 80%
Different schemes DC bus-bar voltage compares when Fig. 5 (c) Voltage Drop 80%
Fig. 6 crow bar trigger signal
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of low voltage crossing schemes of dynamic adjustment crow bar resistance value, at failure initial stage, put into big resistance
It is worth the inhibition that crow bar guarantees rotor overcurrent.And during consequent malfunction, multiple DC bus-bar voltage threshold values are set, in DFIG
After DC bus-bar voltage reaches different threshold values, change real-time adaptive setting according to virtual voltage drop depth and fan operation state
And crow bar resistance value is adjusted, under the premise of guaranteeing rotor current inhibitory effect, reduce crow bar resistance value step by step repeatedly to inhibit direct current
Busbar voltage rises, and improves DFIG low voltage crossing effect under different faults depth.Reduce crow bar resistance when circuit excision simultaneously
Value inhibits rotor current re-inrush phenomena, reduces crow bar switching frequency and making time.
The present invention using dynamic adjustment resistance Crowbar circuit, circuit structure as shown in Figure 1, two parallel resistance R1,
R2 is controlled by IGBT 1 and 2 respectively.Crowbar etc. can be changed by control switch duty ratio in two IGBT period alternate conductions
Resistance is imitated, realizes the real-time adjustment of rotor Crowbar resistance in failure process.
The resistance value of Crowbar equivalent resistance is
In formula, D1, D2 are respectively the duty ratio of the conducting pulsewidth of IGBT 1,2.
ADAPTIVE CONTROL flow chart is as shown in Figure 2.The principle of the ADAPTIVE CONTROL is as follows:
(1) when rotor current amplitude | Ir| it is more than threshold value Ir.thWhen (generally 2p.u.), blocked rotor side current transformer, simultaneously
Investment resistance value is Rcb1Crowbar circuit, Rcb1Resistance value is larger, can inhibit the rotor current under free voltage drop depth；
(2) as dc-link capacitance voltage UdcMore than threshold value Udc.th1When, according to the fan operation parameter and voltage at this moment
Drop depth, calculating and reducing crow bar resistance value is Rcb2, inhibit the rising of dc-link capacitance voltage；
(3) as dc-link capacitance voltage UdcMore than threshold value Udc.th2(Udc.th2> Udc.th1) when, it is transported according to this moment blower
Row parameter and Voltage Drop depth calculation simultaneously reduce crow bar resistance value as Rcb3；
(4) work as UdcIn its threshold value Udc.th2Below and rotor current IrI when dropping to its return valuer.reWhen, cut off Crowbar.
This strategy by reducing crow bar resistance step by step twice, under the premise of guaranteeing that dc-link capacitance voltage is not out-of-limit,
Reduction crow bar resistance as far as possible reduces the counter productive for causing the rotor transient current rate of decay to decline, and prevents because substantially reducing
Crow bar resistance forms rotor current secondary pulse.
This strategy by reducing crow bar resistance step by step twice, under the premise of guaranteeing that dc-link capacitance voltage is not out-of-limit,
Reduction crow bar resistance as far as possible reduces the counter productive for causing the rotor transient current rate of decay to decline, and prevents because substantially reducing
Crow bar resistance forms rotor current secondary pulse.The adjusting of crow bar resistance value is as described below.
Rotor current during failure, after crow bar investment are as follows:
In formula, t1Moment, A (t are put into for crow bar1) it is A in t1The value at moment,
Moment rotor electricity is put into for crow bar
Flow valuve, τr'=σ Lr/(Rcb+Rr), for equivalent rotor time constant after crow bar investment；Rs、RrRespectively stator and rotor winding is equivalent
Resistance, RcbFor equivalent rotor crow bar resistance value, Ls、LrRespectively stator and rotor winding equivalent inductance, LmFor Stator and Rotor Windings mutual inductance；
ωrFor rotor speed, s is revolutional slip, ωslipFor slip angular frequency, V1、V2Stator voltage amplitude respectively before and after failure, τs
For rotor-side time constant, leakage inductance coefficient
(1) crow bar resistance Rcb1Adjusting
Before electric network fault, due to Voltage Drop depth and crow bar investment the moment it is unknown, for guarantee Voltage Drop extremely
Any depth lower rotor part electric current is effectively suppressed, crow bar resistance Rcb1It is to be adjusted according to the case where considering failure most serious
, i.e., it is zero moment in rotor current phase, three-phase shortcircuit occurs for blower grid entry point and Voltage Drop depth is 1 (V2=0) it, prizes
The possibility maximum value I of rotor current peak value after stick is instantaneously put intomax.1Less than rotor current maximum permissible value Imax.th, expression formula
For
Imax.1< Imax.th (3)
When failure occurs when rotor current phase is zero, there is T/2 after a failure in the possible maximum value of rotor current peak value
Moment[14], then can be obtained by formula (2)
In formula
Phase is 0, A (0) and A (T/2) is respectively value of the A in 0s and T/2s.
(2) crow bar resistance Rcb2Adjusting
When DC bus-bar voltage rises to early warning value Udc.th1When, to avoid the voltage out-of-limit, need according to blower fortune at this time
Row state and rotor current are adjusted and reduce crow bar resistance to Rcb2, setting principle are as follows:
Principle 1: after crow bar investment, crow bar both end voltage peak value is less than dc-link capacitance voltage early warning value Udc.th1；
Principle 2: rotor current peak value is less than rotor current maximum permissible value Imax.th, i.e.,
|Umax|=Imax.2*Rcb2< Udc.th1 (5)
Imax.2< Imax.th (6)
I can be obtained by formula (2)max.2For about Rcb2Expression formula
In formula
For crow bar resistance Rcb2Put into the measuring the current in the rotor value at moment, t2For Rcb2Put into moment, τ 'r2For
Rcb2Equivalent rotor time constant, similar below after investment.
Formula (7) are substituted into formula (5), (6) can be calculated Rcb2Value range.
Udc.th1Value can be determined by formula (8)
Udc.th1=80% (Udc.th2-Udc.N)+Udc.N (8)
In formula, Udc.NFor DC bus-bar voltage rated value, Udc.th2For maximum allowable DC bus-bar voltage.
(3) crow bar resistance Rcb3Adjusting
Under depth Voltage Drop failure, the rotor current rate of climb is very fast, and amplitude is larger, dc-link capacitance voltage
Lifting is more difficult to inhibit, when DC bus-bar voltage is further up to Udc.th2When, need to further decrease crow bar resistance extremely
Rcb3, setting principle are as follows:
Principle 1: after crow bar investment, crow bar both end voltage peak value is less than dc-link capacitance voltage rating,
Principle 2: rotor current peak value is less than rotor current maximum permissible value Imax.th, i.e.,
|Umax|=Imax.3*Rcb3< Udc.N (9)
Imax.3< Imax.th (10)
Imax.3It can equally be obtained by formula (2)
The one machine infinity bus system of certain wind power plant containing DFIG is as shown in Figure 3.DFIG grid entry point occurs three when being set in 0.05s
Phase short trouble, after continuing 200ms, in 0.25s failure removal.For the validity for verifying this programme in low voltage crossing, divide
The fixed crow bar resistance value Crowbar of tradition under other (60% and 80% Voltage Drop) to different faults, parallel connection PDR resistance
Crowbar scheme[1]Simulation comparison analysis is carried out with the blower LVRT characteristic of this programme, three kinds of schemes are all made of detection rotor
The mode of overcurrent triggers Crowbar, works as Ir> 2IrNWhen crow bar put into, Ir< IrNWhen crow bar delay 0.005s excision.Direct current is female
Line voltage maximum permissible value Udc.th2For 1400V.
Under 60% Voltage Drop depth, put into due to this programme at failure initial stage it can be seen from Fig. 4 (b), (c)
Crow bar resistance value is greater than other two schemes, therefore rotor current peak value inhibitory effect is more preferable.Meanwhile in the inhibition side of DC bus-bar voltage
Face, the crow bar that tradition determines resistance value can not inhibit DC bus-bar voltage, cause its out-of-limit；Scheme with PDR resistance is by constantly throwing
Enter and determine the small resistance of resistance value with what excision was connected in parallel on rotor crow bar, guarantees that DC bus-bar voltage is constantly in maximum permissible value or so；
This programme is shifted to an earlier date by changing crow bar resistance, DC bus-bar voltage die-away time in real time in failure process, the rate of decay faster,
It ensure that rotor current inhibitory effect simultaneously.
Under the low depth of 80% voltage, there are Fig. 5 (b), (c) as can be seen that the scheme with PDR resistance is in parallel in crow bar
During small resistance is constantly put into excision, rotor current rises herein, forms the new peak value of up to 5.69p.u., rotor
Electric current inhibitory effect is poor；This programme can guarantee the inhibitory effect of rotor current in the big resistance crow bar that failure initial stage puts into,
Rotor current peak value is far below the former, is maintained at 4p.u..In terms of the restriction effect of DC bus-bar voltage, this programme to turn
After sub- crow bar resistance is adjusted, the DC bus-bar voltage rate of decay will be faster than the scheme with PDR resistance, and tradition fixes resistance
The DC bus-bar voltage being worth under crow bar scheme is out-of-limit, has reached 1600V, has been unable to complete low voltage crossing task.
Fig. 6 compares the rotor crow bar switching trigger signal of three kinds of schemes, when the investment of traditional fixed resistance value rotor Crowbar
Between longest investment number it is more, there is still a need for investment PDR resistance suppressions after rotor current decline for the Crowbar scheme of PDR in parallel
DC bus-bar voltage processed causes its crow bar investment number and making time to obviously increase.Dynamic adjustment resistance value Crowbar scheme is bright
It is aobvious to be less than other two schemes, adverse effect caused by effectively reducing switching loss and restoring to system voltage.
Relevant references:
[1] adaptive doubly-fed wind turbine low voltage crossing of Zhang Man, the Jiang Huilan based on crow bar parallel connection dynamic electric resistor
[J] electrotechnics journal, 2014,29 (2): 271-278.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of double-fed blower low-voltage ride-through method of dynamic adjustment rotor crow bar resistance value, using dynamic adjustment resistance
Crowbar circuit, two parallel resistances R1, R2 are controlled by IGBT1 and IGBT2 respectively, and two IGBT period alternate conductions pass through
Control switch duty ratio changes Crowbar equivalent resistance resistance value, realizes the real-time tune of rotor Crowbar resistance in failure process
Whole, the resistance value of Crowbar equivalent resistance is
In formula, D1, D2 are respectively the duty ratio of the conducting pulsewidth of IGBT1, IGBT2；
If the rotor current threshold value of crow bar investment is Ir.th, dc-link capacitance voltage early warning value is Udc.th1, dc-link capacitance
Voltage maximum permissible value is Udc.th2, dc-link capacitance voltage rating is Udc.N, comprising the following steps:
(1) when rotor current amplitude | Ir| it is more than threshold value Ir.thWhen, blocked rotor side current transformer, while putting into resistance value is Rcb1's
Crowbar circuit inhibits the rotor current under free voltage drop depth；
(2) as dc-link capacitance voltage UdcMore than threshold value Udc.th1When, according to the fan operation parameter and Voltage Drop at this moment
Depth calculation simultaneously reduces crow bar resistance value as Rcb2, inhibit the rising of dc-link capacitance voltage；
(3) as dc-link capacitance voltage UdcMore than threshold value Udc.th2, Udc.th2> Udc.th1, when, joined according to this moment fan operation
Several and Voltage Drop depth calculation simultaneously reduces crow bar resistance value as Rcb3；
(4) as dc-link capacitance voltage UdcIn threshold value Udc.th2Below and rotor current IrI when dropping to its return valuer.reWhen, it cuts
Except Crowbar circuit；
Wherein,
Rcb1Setting principle: at the time of rotor current phase is zero, it is deep that three-phase shortcircuit and Voltage Drop occur for blower grid entry point
Degree is 1, the possibility maximum value I of rotor current peak value after crow bar is instantaneously put intomax.1Less than rotor current maximum permissible value Imax.th；
Rcb2Setting principle there are two:
Principle 1: after crow bar investment, crow bar both end voltage peak value is less than dc-link capacitance voltage early warning value Udc.th1；
Principle 2: rotor current peak Imax.2Less than rotor current maximum permissible value Imax.th；
Rcb3Setting principle be there are two:
Principle 1: after crow bar investment, crow bar both end voltage peak value is less than dc-link capacitance voltage rating Udc.N；
Principle 2: rotor current peak Imax.3Less than rotor current maximum permissible value Imax.th；
Dc-link capacitance voltage early warning value Udc.th1It is calculated by following formula: Udc.th1=80% (Udc.th2-Udc.N)+Udc.N。
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| CN108493993A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-09-04 | 上海电力学院 | Adaptive double-fed fan motor low voltage crossing scheme based on rotor inline dynamic electric resistor |
| CN108711883B (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2020-07-03 | 国家电网公司 | Coordinated fault ride-through method for wind power plant through flexible direct current power transmission grid-connected system |
| CN109301884B (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2022-04-19 | 广东工业大学 | Low voltage ride through method of DFIG |
| CN109617125B (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2021-09-21 | 上海交通大学 | Doubly-fed wind turbine generator high-low voltage ride through system and method based on stator string impedance |
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| WO2007113051A1 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for reducing the idle current requirement of a base frequency clocked supply side converter on idle and with low motor loads |
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| CN102315651B (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2013-01-23 | 深圳市禾望电气有限公司 | Crowbar circuit as well as device for double-fed induction generator to rid through power grid fault and method thereof |
| CN103217641B (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2015-08-26 | 许继电气股份有限公司 | A kind of proving installation of CROWBAR circuit of wind electric converter and method of testing |
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| CN105140959A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-12-09 | 国家电网公司 | Adjustable-resistance crowbar circuit and regulation and control method therefor |
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| WO2007113051A1 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method for reducing the idle current requirement of a base frequency clocked supply side converter on idle and with low motor loads |
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