CN107196333B - distributed photovoltaic cluster division method based on modularization index - Google Patents

distributed photovoltaic cluster division method based on modularization index Download PDF

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CN107196333B
CN107196333B CN201710422585.XA CN201710422585A CN107196333B CN 107196333 B CN107196333 B CN 107196333B CN 201710422585 A CN201710422585 A CN 201710422585A CN 107196333 B CN107196333 B CN 107196333B
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CN107196333A (en
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郭力
柴园园
路畅
王刘芳
李伟
徐斌
丁津津
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Tianjin University
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    • H02J3/383—
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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Abstract

The invention relates to a modularization index-based distributed photovoltaic cluster division method, which comprises the following steps: calculating the electrical distance between the nodes; calculating an adjacency matrix between nodes; calculating the degree of the node; calculating a modularization index; calculating the solution capability of reactive resources in the cluster to overvoltage; calculating the solution capability of the stored energy in the cluster to the residual overvoltage; calculating the solution capability of the photovoltaic in the cluster to the residual overvoltage; calculating the cluster pressure regulating capability index; calculating the comprehensive performance index of the distributed photovoltaic power generation cluster based on the modularization index and the regional voltage regulation capacity; and carrying out cluster division according to the indexes.

Description

Distributed photovoltaic cluster division method based on modularization index
Technical Field
The invention relates to a distributed photovoltaic power generation cluster division method based on modularization indexes and regional voltage regulation capacity.
Background
With the increase of the permeability of the distributed photovoltaic power generation in the power distribution network, the stable operation of the power distribution network faces a plurality of challenges, wherein the problems of reversed delivery of power flow and voltage out-of-limit are particularly serious. The overvoltage not only limits the ability of the distribution network to accommodate the distributed photovoltaic permeability, but also seriously threatens the safe and stable operation of the distribution network. At present, a large number of distributed photovoltaics are connected into a power distribution network in some regions, so that the voltage regulation problem in the operation of a local power distribution network is gradually serious.
the current voltage control modes are mainly divided into three categories: the centralized control mode takes global optimization as a target, but has high investment cost and heavy communication burden; the local control mode has the advantages of high response speed and low investment cost, but the pressure regulating capability is limited; the distributed control mode improves the voltage regulation capability and the investment cost through regional coordination, but has limited optimization effect.
In order to overcome the defects, the distributed photovoltaic power generation is subjected to cluster division, voltage control is performed on the basis of the cluster division, and the advantages of comprehensive centralized control, local control and distributed control can be achieved through cluster autonomy and inter-cluster coordination, so that the distributed photovoltaic power generation system has great potential. For cluster division control, the existing cluster division indexes mainly include the following two indexes:
(1) The multi-attribute cluster comprehensive performance index can determine an optimal partitioning scheme by utilizing a partitioning algorithm. However, the voltage-power coupling relationship between the nodes is not considered in the index.
(2) Based on a community detection algorithm, the modularization index is improved, and the reactive voltage sensitivity and the regional reactive power balance degree are considered. But the index ignores the effect of active power on the node voltage.
in addition, the cluster division modes lack consideration of regional voltage regulation and control capability and regulation and control cost, so that the cluster division rationality is insufficient, and the cluster control effect is limited.
disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a distributed photovoltaic power generation cluster division method by combining the characteristics of distributed photovoltaic power generation. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
A distributed photovoltaic cluster division method based on modularization indexes comprises the following steps:
(1) Let tau be a weight coefficient, and tau/(1-tau) represent the proportion of active participation voltage regulation and simple utilization of reactive compensation, SVPand SVQCalculating the electrical distance between nodes i and j for the active and reactive voltage sensitivity matrices between the nodes, respectively the same process is carried out;
(2) Calculating an adjacency matrix between nodes: adjacency matrix A between nodesijas electrical distance e between nodesijA function ofij＝1-eij/maxeijThe value is in [0,1 ]]to (c) to (d);
(3) calculating the degree of the node: k is a radical ofi＝∑jAijDegree of node i, m ═ Σi∑jAij(2) is half of the sum of all node weights;
(4) Calculating a modularization index: modular exponents rho0Is a comprehensive index of the intra-group correlation and the inter-group correlation, rho0Can ensure strong electrical connection among nodes in the group,
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
(5) Calculating the solution capability of reactive resources in the cluster to overvoltage:
Wherein, is Δ Vithe voltage of the highest node i in the cluster k is 0 when the voltage is not exceeded, and Q isl(j) Is the reactive margin of node j;
(6) Calculating the solution capability of the stored energy in the cluster to the residual overvoltage;
Wherein, is Δ ViThe voltage of the highest node i in the cluster k is 0 when the voltage is higher, and is not higherinj(j) Absorbing an active power margin for the stored energy of the node j;
(7) calculating the solution capability of the photovoltaic in the cluster to the residual overvoltage:
Wherein, is Δ ViThe voltage of the highest node i in the cluster k is 0 when the voltage is higher, and is not higherdec(j) The maximum reduction of the active power of the controllable photovoltaic of the node j is realized, when the reactive power compensation and the energy storage and voltage regulation capacity are insufficient, the active power of the reduced controllable photovoltaic still can not eliminate the overvoltage,The penalty function in the cluster division performance index is used for ensuring the controllable capacity of the resources in the cluster to the voltage;
(8) Calculating the cluster pressure regulating capability index: for cluster Cithe cluster pressure regulating capability index is as follows:In order to minimize the cost of cluster voltage control, the coefficient relation is 1 ═ alpha > beta > gamma > 0, the sequence of three adjusting means is determined, and is determined by the costs of idle work, energy storage and photovoltaic, and the values of the three influence the cluster division result;
(9) Calculating the comprehensive performance indexes of the distributed photovoltaic power generation cluster based on the modularization indexes and the regional voltage regulation capacity as follows:
Cluster performance indicator rhoimThe larger the value of (A), the better the cluster partitioning performance is;
(10) And carrying out cluster division according to the indexes.
Aiming at the characteristics of grid connection of distributed photovoltaic power generation, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) and providing a comprehensive performance index of the distributed photovoltaic power generation cluster based on the modularization index and the regional voltage regulation capacity, and dividing the cluster according to the index.
(2) The cluster comprehensive performance index is based on a community detection algorithm, and the electrical distance between nodes, the area voltage controllability and the regulation and control cost are comprehensively considered, so that the overall total voltage control cost after the grouping optimization and the autonomy is minimum.
(3) The number of clusters can be determined by the cluster comprehensive performance index optimization.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows the result of the cluster division of a 10kV line of the present invention.
Table 1 is the net power of the whole network compressed into 10 scenarios
TABLE 2 set Voltage regulation resources
TABLE 3 modularization index ρ0And cluster performance index ρimComparison of (2)
TABLE 4 comparison of Voltage Regulation costs for different Cluster partitioning results
Table 5 shows the effect of increasing reactive compensation capability on cluster partitioning results and voltage regulation cost
TABLE 6 influence of increasing energy storage capacity and reducing energy storage cost on cluster partitioning results and voltage regulation cost
Detailed Description
the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
(I) Cluster partition comprehensive Performance index
In view of the inter-node activity SVPAnd a reactive voltage sensitivity matrix SVQDisproportionate, electrical distanceWherein The same is true. Tau is a weight coefficient, and tau/(1-tau) represents the proportion of active participation voltage regulation and pure utilization of reactive compensation and is determined based on probability statistics of historical data. The zone voltage controllability is mainly characterized by reactive power compensation devices in the clusters and the recovery capability of energy storage and controllable medium-sized photovoltaic converters (most roof photovoltaic converters have small capacity and do not have voltage regulation capability) on the more limited voltage. The invention provides a modular index and area voltage based energy regulation methodThe comprehensive performance indexes of the distributed photovoltaic power generation cluster are as follows:
Cluster performance indicator rhoimthe larger the value of (c) the better the cluster partitioning performance. Wherein A isijis a contiguous matrix between nodes, is an electrical distance e between nodesija function ofij＝1-eij/maxeijThe value is in [0,1 ]]In the meantime. e.g. of the typeijDetermined by the voltage sensitivity matrix. k is a radical ofi＝∑jAijThe degree of node i. m ═ Σi∑jAijand/2, half of the sum of all node weights.
Modular exponents rho0Is a comprehensive index of the intra-group relevance and the inter-group relevance,
ρ0and strong electrical connection among nodes in the cluster can be ensured. In cluster CiFor example, the cluster voltage regulation capability index is as follows:wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Indicating the ability of reactive resources within the cluster to resolve overvoltage,
Indicating the capability of the stored energy in the cluster to solve the residual overvoltage,
Indicating the capacity of the photovoltaic within the cluster to resolve the remaining overvoltage. Wherein, is Δ ViThe voltage at the highest node i in the cluster k has a value of 0 when the voltage is not exceeded. Ql(j)、Pinj(j) and Pdec(j) The reactive margin of the node j, the energy storage absorption active power margin and the controllable photovoltaic active maximum reduction are respectively. In order to minimize the cost of cluster voltage control, the coefficient relation is 1 ═ alpha > beta > gamma > 0, the sequence of the three adjusting means is determined, and is determined by the costs of idle work, energy storage and photovoltaic, and the values of the three influence the cluster division result. When the reactive compensation and the energy storage and voltage regulation capacity are insufficient, the active power of the controllable photovoltaic is reduced, and the overvoltage cannot be eliminated,and the method becomes a penalty function in the cluster division performance index and is used for ensuring the controllable capacity of resources in the cluster to voltage.
(II) description of examples
the 7-day data (every 15min) of the distribution network shown in fig. 1 is compressed, and 10 scenes can be compressed when the guaranteed error is less than 1%.
and searching a line partition scheme which maximizes the cluster performance index by adopting a tabu search algorithm. The cluster division mode can ensure the connectivity of nodes in the cluster and limit the cluster scale through constraint conditions. The 10 scenes are subjected to cluster division by using the modularization index, and the division results of the 10 scenes are the same and are all shown in fig. 1. This shows that the cluster division result is related to the grid parameters and is less affected by the change of the power flow.
meanwhile, the regional voltage regulation capability is considered, and 10 scenes are subjected to cluster division by using comprehensive performance indexes. Assuming that the electricity cost of energy storage is 0.7 yuan/kWh and the active cost of photovoltaic unit is 0.8 yuan/kWh, the per unit setting β is 0.8 and γ is 0.7.
the set voltage regulation resources are shown in table 2.
The cluster partitioning results for 10 scenes are unchanged: clustering at nodes 5 and 22. As shown in table 3 and fig. 1.
1. And comparing the voltage regulation cost of different cluster division results.
The voltage regulation cost is set as that the reactive power electricity price is 100 yuan/MVar, the energy storage charging power electricity price is 700 yuan/MW, the photovoltaic active electricity price is 800 yuan/MW, and the active network loss electricity price is 400 yuan/MW. The voltage control method is to eliminate overvoltage in the group only by using resources in the group, and after the reactive power is firstly generated and then the energy is stored, the photovoltaic is generated, and the sequence of the same type of resources is determined by the voltage sensitivity. Based on the pre-established voltage regulation resources, overvoltage control is performed on the two voltage out-of-limit scenarios 1 and 7, and the voltage regulation cost is calculated, as shown in table 4.
As can be seen from the results in table 4: although the non-clustering mode can call a global reactive power and energy storage adjusting means, the voltage regulating effect of unit power is not good because the electrical distance between nodes is long, and the voltage regulating cost is increased; the cluster division range is too small (7 and 22 clusters) and the extra-cluster resources with close electrical distance cannot be used, so that the voltage regulation cost is high; the cluster division is guided by the comprehensive performance index of the cluster, and the voltage regulation cost of the voltage autonomy of the cluster can be effectively reduced. The net loss cost change in the table is negative because the active power that is sent back on the line is reduced by the stored energy and the photovoltaic, resulting in the reduction of the line loss.
2. increasing the influence of reactive compensation capability on cluster division results and voltage regulation cost
The reactive compensation capability is increased, the cluster division results of the scenes 1 and 7 are unchanged, the nodes 5 and 22 are still clustered, and the influence of the voltage regulation cost is shown in table 5. As can be seen from the results in table 5, increasing the reactive power compensation capability of the zone by a proper amount can effectively reduce the voltage control cost.
3. Increase energy storage capacity and reduce influence of energy storage cost on cluster division result and voltage regulation cost
After the energy storage capacity is increased, the cluster division results of the scenes 1 and 7 are unchanged, the nodes 5 and 22 are still grouped, and the voltage regulation cost is slightly reduced; if the energy storage power cost is reduced to be below 0.6 yuan/kWh, the cluster division result is changed, the scene 1 is divided into clusters by the lines 4 and 22, and the scene 7 is unchanged. As shown in table 6.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
TABLE 5
TABLE 6

Claims (1)

1. A distributed photovoltaic cluster division method based on modularization indexes comprises the following steps:
(1) let tau be a weight coefficient, and tau/(1-tau) represent the proportion of active participation voltage regulation and simple utilization of reactive compensation, SVPAnd SVQCalculating the electrical distance between nodes i and j for the active and reactive voltage sensitivity matrices between the nodes, respectively The same process is carried out;
(2) calculating an adjacency matrix between nodes: adjacency matrix A between nodesijas electrical distance e between nodesija function ofij＝1-eij/maxeijthe value is in [0,1 ]]To (c) to (d);
(3) Calculating the degree of the node: k is a radical ofi＝∑jAijDegree of node i, m ═ Σi∑jAij(2) is half of the sum of all node weights;
(4) calculating a modularization index: modular exponents rho0Is a comprehensive index of the intra-group correlation and the inter-group correlation, rho0Can ensure strong electrical connection among nodes in the group,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
(5) calculating the solution capability of reactive resources in the cluster to overvoltage:
wherein, is Δ Vithe voltage of the highest node i in the cluster k is 0 when the voltage is not exceeded, and Q isl(j) Is the reactive margin of node j;
(6) Calculating the solution capability of the stored energy in the cluster to the residual overvoltage;
wherein, is Δ Vithe voltage of the highest node i in the cluster k is 0 when the voltage is higher, and is not higherinj(j) Absorbing an active power margin for the stored energy of the node j;
(7) Calculating the solution capability of the photovoltaic in the cluster to the residual overvoltage:
Wherein, is Δ ViThe voltage of the highest node i in the cluster k is 0 when the voltage is higher, and is not higherdec(j) The maximum reduction of the active power of the controllable photovoltaic of the node j is realized, when the reactive power compensation and the energy storage and voltage regulation capacity are insufficient, the active power of the reduced controllable photovoltaic still can not eliminate the overvoltage,The penalty function in the cluster division performance index is used for ensuring the controllable capacity of the resources in the cluster to the voltage;
(8) Calculating the cluster pressure regulating capability index: for cluster Cithe cluster pressure regulating capability index is as follows:In order to minimize the cost of cluster voltage control, the coefficient relation is 1 ═ alpha > beta > gamma > 0, the sequence of three adjusting means is determined, and is determined by the costs of idle work, energy storage and photovoltaic, and the values of the three influence the cluster division result;
(9) Calculating the comprehensive performance indexes of the distributed photovoltaic power generation cluster based on the modularization indexes and the regional voltage regulation capacity as follows:
Cluster performance indicator rhoimThe larger the value of (A), the better the cluster partitioning performance is;
(10) And carrying out cluster division according to the indexes.
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CN110380450B (en) * 2019-08-13 2021-03-12 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司 Photovoltaic control method, device, equipment and computer readable storage medium
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CN116865343B (en) * 2023-09-01 2024-03-29 国网天津市电力公司滨海供电分公司 Model-free self-adaptive control method, device and medium for distributed photovoltaic power distribution network

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