CN107193737A - 一种自动化搭建pxe测试环境的方法 - Google Patents

一种自动化搭建pxe测试环境的方法 Download PDF

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CN107193737A
CN107193737A CN201710358167.9A CN201710358167A CN107193737A CN 107193737 A CN107193737 A CN 107193737A CN 201710358167 A CN201710358167 A CN 201710358167A CN 107193737 A CN107193737 A CN 107193737A
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田立文
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Zhengzhou Yunhai Information Technology Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/36—Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
    • G06F11/3664—Environments for testing or debugging software

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种自动化搭建PXE测试环境的方法，该方法是基于Linux下的shell脚本来运行搭建的，在shell环境下运用脚本自动化的快速搭建PXE测试环境。本发明的一种自动化搭建PXE测试环境的方法和现有技术相比，对于大批量安装系统具有深远意义，通过这个自动化的环境配置脚本，能够在短时间内快速的配置好PXE环境，进而为接下来的测试和生产提供一个大的环境基础，缩短了人工配置的时间和误差。

Description

一种自动化搭建PXE测试环境的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及PXE测试技术领域，具体地说是一种自动化搭建PXE测试环境的方法。
背景技术
PXE技术简单说就是利用网卡上的PXE BootROM(自启动芯片)截取系统引导控制权，通过DHCP指定的TFTP服务下载系统启动所需的镜像文件，然后根据提供的安装路径进行远程系统安装。在linux 平台上架设PXE服务器通常包括三部分服务的配置，DHCP自动分配IP地址的服务(dhcpd)，启动文件传输所需的TFTP服务(xinetd)，安装文件传输所需的服务。其中安装文件传输所用的服务可选FTP服务(vsftpd)、NFS服务(portmap)或HTTP服务(httpd)三者中的任意一种。
公开的相关专利文件：名称为“一种PXE测试环境实现OS自动切换的方法”，该文件公开了“该PXE测试环境实现OS自动切换的方法，首先安装PXE服务器，搭建PXE测试网络；编写PXE启动文件，将PXE客户端首先要进入的OS设置为默认启动项；PXE客户端从PXE测试网络启动，进入默认的OS，开始测试；测试完成后，以网卡MAC地址为原型编写专属启动文件，将重启后要进入的OS设置成默认启动项；PXE客户端重新启动后，开始调用引导文件，按照优先级关系调用对应的专属引导文件，引导进入期望的OS。该PXE测试环境实现OS自动切换的方法，既实现了PXE测试过程中OS的自动切换，又不改变PXE服务器启动default文件，不影响其他PXE客户端测试，各PXE客户端OS切换时互不影响，极大地提高了PXE测试效率”。
上述公开文件与本发明内容要解决的技术问题，采用的技术手段都不相同。
发明内容
本发明的技术任务是提供一种自动化搭建PXE测试环境的方法。
本发明的技术任务是按以下方式实现的，该方法是基于Linux下的shell脚本来运行搭建的，在shell环境下运用脚本自动化的快速搭建PXE测试环境。
该方法的操作步骤如下：
步骤1）服务器安装Linux操作系统，并且所在的网络环境有DHCP服务；
步骤2）将服务器的Linux系统镜像放到/tmp下，并记录下镜像的名字；
步骤3）执行shell环境下的脚本自动化的快速搭建PXE测试环境。
所述的shell环境下的脚本如下：
#!/bin/bash
#this is a auto configure for PXE server!
echo "please copy the CDROM into /tmp and then input the name of the file(RHEL6.6 for example)"
read CDROM
mount -o loop /tmp/$CDROM /mnt
#creat myyum to install necessary service
touch /etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "[myyum]" >/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "name=RedhatMyyum" >>/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "url=file:///mnt/" >>/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "enabled=1" >>/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "gpgcheck=0" >>/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release" >>/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
#set static IP
service NetworkManager stop
echo "the network in your LINUX:"
ifconfig
echo "please input the network name for DHCP server"
read DH
touch /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
echo "please input the IP you want or preass enter to leave it as default(192.168.1.11)"
read IP
echo "DEVICE=$DH">/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
echo "ONBOOT=yes">>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
echo "BOOTPROTO=static">>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
if [ "$IP" = "" ]
then
IP=192.168.1.11
fi
echo "IPADDR=$IP">>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
echo "NETMASK=255.255.255.0">>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
service network restart
# install TFTP DHCP NFS service
yum install tftp* dhcp* nfs* syslinux system-config-kickstart
#configure DHCP service
touch /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "allow booting;">/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "allow bootp;">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "{">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "range 192.168.1.50 192.168.1.100;">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "option routers 192.168.1.11;">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "next-server 192.168.1.11;">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "}">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
#configure NFS
mkdir /nfs
touch /etc/exports
echo "/nfs 192.168.1.0/24(ro)">/etc/exports
#configure tftp service
service xinetd start
service dhcpd start
service nfs start
chkconfig tftp on
chkconfig dhcpd on
chkconfig nfs on
cp -v /usr/share/syslinux/{pxelinux.0,vesamenu.c32} /var/lib/tftpboot
mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/$CDROM
cp /mnt/images/pxeboot/{initrd.img,vmlinuz} /var/lib/tftpboot/$CDROM
cp /root/anaconda-ks.cfg /nfs/$CDROM.cfg
mkdir /nfs/$CDROM
cp -rf /mnt/ /nfs/$CDROM
touch /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "default vesamenu.c32">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "timeout 100">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "label auto">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "menu label Auto Install $CDROM">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "menu default">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "kernel $CDROM/vmlinuz">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo"appendinitrd=$CDROM/initrd.img ks=nfs:192.168.1.11:/nfs/$CDROM.cfg">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default。
本发明的一种自动化搭建PXE测试环境的方法和现有技术相比，对于大批量安装系统具有深远意义，通过这个自动化的环境配置脚本，能够在短时间内快速的配置好PXE环境，进而为接下来的测试和生产提供一个大的环境基础，缩短了人工配置的时间和误差。
具体实施方式
实施例1：
该自动化搭建PXE测试环境的方法是基于Linux下的shell脚本来运行搭建的，在shell环境下运用脚本自动化的快速搭建PXE测试环境。
操作步骤如下：
步骤1）服务器安装Linux操作系统，并且所在的网络环境有DHCP服务；
步骤2）将服务器的Linux系统镜像放到/tmp下，并记录下镜像的名字；
步骤3）执行shell环境下的脚本自动化的快速搭建PXE测试环境。
所述的shell环境下的脚本如下：
#!/bin/bash
#this is a auto configure for PXE server!
echo "please copy the CDROM into /tmp and then input the name of the file(RHEL6.6 for example)"
read CDROM
mount -o loop /tmp/$CDROM /mnt
#creat myyum to install necessary service
touch /etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "[myyum]" >/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "name=RedhatMyyum" >>/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "url=file:///mnt/" >>/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "enabled=1" >>/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "gpgcheck=0" >>/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release" >>/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
#set static IP
service NetworkManager stop
echo "the network in your LINUX:"
ifconfig
echo "please input the network name for DHCP server"
read DH
touch /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
echo "please input the IP you want or preass enter to leave it as default(192.168.1.11)"
read IP
echo "DEVICE=$DH">/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
echo "ONBOOT=yes">>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
echo "BOOTPROTO=static">>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
if [ "$IP" = "" ]
then
IP=192.168.1.11
fi
echo "IPADDR=$IP">>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
echo "NETMASK=255.255.255.0">>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
service network restart
# install TFTP DHCP NFS service
yum install tftp* dhcp* nfs* syslinux system-config-kickstart
#configure DHCP service
touch /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "allow booting;">/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "allow bootp;">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "{">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "range 192.168.1.50 192.168.1.100;">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "option routers 192.168.1.11;">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "next-server 192.168.1.11;">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "}">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
#configure NFS
mkdir /nfs
touch /etc/exports
echo "/nfs 192.168.1.0/24(ro)">/etc/exports
#configure tftp service
service xinetd start
service dhcpd start
service nfs start
chkconfig tftp on
chkconfig dhcpd on
chkconfig nfs on
cp -v /usr/share/syslinux/{pxelinux.0,vesamenu.c32} /var/lib/tftpboot
mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/$CDROM
cp /mnt/images/pxeboot/{initrd.img,vmlinuz} /var/lib/tftpboot/$CDROM
cp /root/anaconda-ks.cfg /nfs/$CDROM.cfg
mkdir /nfs/$CDROM
cp -rf /mnt/ /nfs/$CDROM
touch /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "default vesamenu.c32">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "timeout 100">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "label auto">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "menu label Auto Install $CDROM">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "menu default">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "kernel $CDROM/vmlinuz">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo"appendinitrd=$CDROM/initrd.img ks=nfs:192.168.1.11:/nfs/$CDROM.cfg">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default。
通过上面具体实施方式，所述技术领域的技术人员可容易的实现本发明。但是应当理解，本发明并不限于上述的几种具体实施方式。在公开的实施方式的基础上，所述技术领域的技术人员可任意组合不同的技术特征，从而实现不同的技术方案。

Claims (3)

1.一种自动化搭建PXE测试环境的方法，其特征在于，该方法是基于Linux下的shell脚本来运行搭建的，在shell环境下运用脚本自动化的快速搭建PXE测试环境。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种自动化搭建PXE测试环境的方法，其特征在于，该方法的操作步骤如下：
步骤1）服务器安装Linux操作系统，并且所在的网络环境有DHCP服务；
步骤2）将服务器的Linux系统镜像放到/tmp下，并记录下镜像的名字；
步骤3）执行shell环境下的脚本自动化的快速搭建PXE测试环境。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种自动化搭建PXE测试环境的方法，其特征在于，所述的shell环境下的脚本如下：
#!/bin/bash
#this is a auto configure for PXE server!
echo "please copy the CDROM into /tmp and then input the name of the file(RHEL6.6 for example)"
read CDROM
mount -o loop /tmp/$CDROM /mnt
#creat myyum to install necessary service
touch /etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "[myyum]" >/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "name=RedhatMyyum" >>/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "url=file:///mnt/" >>/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "enabled=1" >>/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "gpgcheck=0" >>/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
echo "gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release" >>/etc/yum.repos.d/yum.repo
#set static IP
service NetworkManager stop
echo "the network in your LINUX:"
ifconfig
echo "please input the network name for DHCP server"
read DH
touch /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
echo "please input the IP you want or preass enter to leave it as default(192.168.1.11)"
read IP
echo "DEVICE=$DH">/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
echo "ONBOOT=yes">>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
echo "BOOTPROTO=static">>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
if [ "$IP" = "" ]
then
IP=192.168.1.11
fi
echo "IPADDR=$IP">>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
echo "NETMASK=255.255.255.0">>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$DH
service network restart
# install TFTP DHCP NFS service
yum install tftp* dhcp* nfs* syslinux system-config-kickstart
#configure DHCP service
touch /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "allow booting;">/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "allow bootp;">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "{">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "range 192.168.1.50 192.168.1.100;">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "option routers 192.168.1.11;">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0;">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "next-server 192.168.1.11;">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
echo "}">>/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
#configure NFS
mkdir /nfs
touch /etc/exports
echo "/nfs 192.168.1.0/24(ro)">/etc/exports
#configure tftp service
service xinetd start
service dhcpd start
service nfs start
chkconfig tftp on
chkconfig dhcpd on
chkconfig nfs on
cp -v /usr/share/syslinux/{pxelinux.0,vesamenu.c32} /var/lib/tftpboot
mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg
mkdir /var/lib/tftpboot/$CDROM
cp /mnt/images/pxeboot/{initrd.img,vmlinuz} /var/lib/tftpboot/$CDROM
cp /root/anaconda-ks.cfg /nfs/$CDROM.cfg
mkdir /nfs/$CDROM
cp -rf /mnt/ /nfs/$CDROM
touch /var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "default vesamenu.c32">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "timeout 100">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "label auto">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "menu label Auto Install $CDROM">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "menu default">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "kernel $CDROM/vmlinuz">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default
echo "append initrd=$CDROM/initrd.img ks=nfs:192.168.1.11:/nfs/$CDROM.cfg">>/var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default。
CN201710358167.9A 2017-05-19 2017-05-19 一种自动化搭建pxe测试环境的方法 Pending CN107193737A (zh)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111475210A (zh) * 2020-03-20 2020-07-31 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 一种内存无盘引导启动pxe的方法及系统
CN113411212A (zh) * 2021-06-16 2021-09-17 英业达科技有限公司 智能网卡的bios控制系统与智能网卡的bios控制方法

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US20040078693A1 (en) * 2002-03-22 2004-04-22 Kellett Stephen Richard Software testing
CN103530223A (zh) * 2012-07-06 2014-01-22 百度在线网络技术（北京）有限公司 一种自动生成单元测试用例的方法及装置
CN103970655A (zh) * 2014-05-08 2014-08-06 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 一种基于expect的服务器自动化集群测试方法

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040078693A1 (en) * 2002-03-22 2004-04-22 Kellett Stephen Richard Software testing
CN103530223A (zh) * 2012-07-06 2014-01-22 百度在线网络技术（北京）有限公司 一种自动生成单元测试用例的方法及装置
CN103970655A (zh) * 2014-05-08 2014-08-06 浪潮电子信息产业股份有限公司 一种基于expect的服务器自动化集群测试方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111475210A (zh) * 2020-03-20 2020-07-31 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 一种内存无盘引导启动pxe的方法及系统
CN113411212A (zh) * 2021-06-16 2021-09-17 英业达科技有限公司 智能网卡的bios控制系统与智能网卡的bios控制方法
CN113411212B (zh) * 2021-06-16 2023-02-03 英业达科技有限公司 智能网卡的bios控制系统与智能网卡的bios控制方法

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