CN107191180A - A kind of accurate flow rate log means of interpretation of fluid trajectory - Google Patents
A kind of accurate flow rate log means of interpretation of fluid trajectory Download PDFInfo
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- CN107191180A CN107191180A CN201710532907.6A CN201710532907A CN107191180A CN 107191180 A CN107191180 A CN 107191180A CN 201710532907 A CN201710532907 A CN 201710532907A CN 107191180 A CN107191180 A CN 107191180A
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- tracer
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- well
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/10—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements
- E21B47/11—Locating fluid leaks, intrusions or movements using tracers; using radioactivity
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of accurate flow rate log means of interpretation of fluid trajectory, including flow velocity method, the spike peak-to-peak amplitude method of residues, spike peak area differential technique, well temperature plot against time elapses method, the integrated interpretation method for taking logging technique to be combined with geology, the information of firsthand information can be made fully to be applied, the inlet capacity on each stratum can accurately be explained, casing leakage situation, oil pipe misses situation, packer sealing situation, and the phenomenons such as groove are altered outside macropore and pipe and the bulk information in pit shaft is explained, resolution can be provided according to explanation results.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of log interpretation method, more particularly to a kind of accurate flow rate log means of interpretation of fluid trajectory.
Background technology
Under different geological conditions, log has difference, and existing log interpretation method can not make firsthand information
Information fully applied, it is impossible to accurately explain inlet capacity, the casing leakage situation on each stratum, oil pipe leakage feelings
The phenomenons such as groove are altered outside condition, packer sealing situation, and macropore and pipe and the bulk information in pit shaft is explained.
The content of the invention
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of accurate flow rate log means of interpretation of fluid trajectory, well logging work is taken
The integrated interpretation method that skill is combined with geology, can be such that the information of firsthand information is fully applied, and can accurately explain
Go out inlet capacity, the casing leakage situation on each stratum, oil pipe leakage situation, packer sealing situation, and macropore and pipe
It is outer to alter the phenomenons such as groove and the bulk information in pit shaft is explained, resolution can be provided according to explanation results.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technological means：
The present invention provides a kind of accurate flow rate log means of interpretation of fluid trajectory, including flow velocity method, spike peak-to-peak amplitude abatement
Method, spike peak area differential technique, well temperature plot against time passage method；
The flow velocity method includes the static one-point measurement means of interpretation of dual probe, the continuous tracking flow of tracer track of single probe
Well log interpretation method；
The static one-point measurement means of interpretation of dual probe is visited the double gammas of instrument by discharging in the wellbore after tracer
Head is parked between two perforation layers, the distance between time and two probes according to required for tracer flows through two probes, really
Fixed flow velocity herein, and then calculate flow；
The continuous tracking flow of tracer track well log interpretation method of single probe by discharging in the wellbore after tracer, then
Flow trace of the tracer in well is followed the trail of by instrument probe, is qualitatively judged by flow trace and whether there is macropore in pit shaft
Road, pipe is outer to alter groove, casing tube leakage loss and packer sealing situation；
The spike peak-to-peak amplitude method of residues is penetrated by discharging in the wellbore after tracer using gamma in instrument record pit shaft
The intensity of line, until tracer disappears, weakens the relative discharge that gauge calculates stratum using gamma ray intensity successively；
The spike peak area differential technique is followed the trail of by discharging in the wellbore after tracer using gamma detector in interlayer
The abnormal width of tracer is measured, these are overlapped at the spike peak that different depth is measured with natural gamma baseline, quadratured, then
Two neighboring area does mathematic interpolation, calculates the relative injectivity on stratum；
The well temperature plot against time elapses method by surveying a plurality of closing well well temperature curve, and temporally passage is superimposed together, with reference to
Fluid trajectory, comprehensive analysis alters groove with the presence or absence of pipe is outer, and longitudinal crack draws accurate explanation results.
Further, the static one-point measurement means of interpretation of the dual probe is not suitable with low note well (20m3/ below d) and high note
Well (200m3/ more than d), when tracer flows through instrument pair gamma-ray probe with liquid in well, instrument can measure two spike peaks,
Time difference between two peaks is exactly that tracer flows through two probe required times, and the distance between two probes are fixed
, the distance between double gamma-ray probes are L, and time when tracer flows through nearly detector is t1, when flowing through far detector when
Between be t2；
Time difference between two spike peaks is：△ T=t2-t1；
Flow velocity V is：V=L/ △ T；
Flow Q is：Q=kV；K is coefficient of the fluid in the different tubing string flowing spaces.
Further, the continuous tracking flow of tracer track well log interpretation method of single probe is included with any two probes
The data of curve carry out related calculation the depth difference △ hi and time interval △ ti obtained between two pulses, so as to can obtain at this
The flow velocity Vi and flow Qi of water on individual depth interval；
Qi=kViS；K is coefficient of the fluid in the different tubing string flowing spaces, and S accumulates for water flow section, uses
The flow that the flow of last layer subtracts this layer can draw the water absorption of this layer.
Further, in flow velocity method, the spike amplitude method of residues, spike peak area differential technique, well temperature plot against time passage method
Spike peak value read method include spike value method, point of intersection of tangents value method, half range point value method, leading edge point value method.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The present invention takes the integrated interpretation method that logging technique is combined with geology, can obtain the information of firsthand information
Fully application, can accurately explain inlet capacity, the casing leakage situation on each stratum, oil pipe leakage situation, packer
The phenomenons such as groove are altered outside sealing situation, and macropore and pipe and the bulk information in pit shaft is explained, can be according to solution
Release result and provide resolution.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is fluid flow state schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the static one-point measurement means of interpretation schematic diagram of dual probe；
Fig. 3 is the continuous tracking flow of tracer track well log interpretation method schematic diagram of single probe；
Fig. 4 is spike peak-to-peak amplitude method of residues schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is spike peak area differential technique schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is that well temperature plot against time elapses method schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is spike value method schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is point of intersection of tangents value method schematic diagram；
Fig. 9 is half range point value method schematic diagram；
Figure 10 is leading edge point value method schematic diagram；
Figure 11 is the well log interpretation process analysis procedure analysis figure of embodiment 1；
Figure 12 is the well log interpretation process analysis procedure analysis figure one of embodiment 2；
Figure 13 is the well log interpretation process analysis procedure analysis figure two of embodiment 2；
Figure 14 is the well log interpretation process analysis procedure analysis figure three of embodiment 2；
Figure 15 is the well log interpretation process analysis procedure analysis figure four of embodiment 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the present invention will be further described.
It determination can be made whether as shown in Figure 1 according to flow regime of the fluid in sleeve pipe：
(1) fluid enter that each stratum measures number → judge the water absorbing capacity → formulation injection allocation scheme → improvement on stratum
Layer water swelling elastomer → further according to formation fluid inlet judges the effect of measure
(2) fluid, which is concentrated, flows into a stratum → judgement macropore
(3) fluid has flowed into non-perforation layer → judgement sleeve pipe leakage loss
(4) fluid has passed through packer → judgement removing seal for packer → fluid flow direction and has judged to be lost in direction
(5) fluid channels to outside another stratum → judgement pipe from a stratum and alters groove
It determination can be made whether as shown in Figure 1 according to flow regime of the fluid in oil pipe：
(1) fluid enter each water nozzle amount number → judge whether water nozzle intakes, if reach design requirement
(2) fluid enters to enter oil jacket annular space → judgement oil pipe leakage loss in non-water nozzle
A kind of accurate flow rate log means of interpretation of fluid trajectory, including flow velocity method, the spike amplitude method of residues, spike peak area
Differential technique, well temperature plot against time passage method；
The flow velocity method includes the static one-point measurement means of interpretation of dual probe, the continuous tracking flow of tracer track of single probe
Well log interpretation method；
The static one-point measurement means of interpretation of dual probe is visited the double gammas of instrument by discharging in the wellbore after tracer
Head is parked between two perforation layers, the distance between time and two probes according to required for tracer flows through two probes, really
Fixed flow velocity herein, and then flow is calculated, as shown in Fig. 2 in the wellbore after release tracer, instrument is parked in into two perforation layers
Between (at interlayer), when tracer flows through instrument double gamma-ray probe with liquid in well, instrument can measure two spike peaks, two
Time difference between peak be exactly tracer flow through two probe required for times, and two probe the distance between be it is fixed,
Thus flow velocity herein is can determine that, and then calculates flow.The method is to low note well (20m3/ below d) and high note well (200m3/ d with
On) be unsuitable for,
The distance between double gamma-ray probes are L, and time when tracer flows through nearly detector is t1, when flowing through far detector
Time be t2, then the time difference between two spike peaks is：△ T=t2-t1,
Flow velocity V is：V=L/ △ T
Flow Q is：Q=kV (k is coefficient of the fluid in the different tubing string flowing spaces)；
The continuous tracking flow of tracer track well log interpretation method of single probe by discharging in the wellbore after tracer, then
Flow trace of the tracer in well is followed the trail of by instrument probe, is qualitatively judged by flow trace and whether there is macropore in pit shaft
Road, pipe is outer to alter groove, casing tube leakage loss and packer sealing situation, as shown in Figure 3 the continuous tracking tracer of single probe
Flow trace well log interpretation method includes the depth obtained between two pulses that carried out related calculation with the data of any two probe curves
Difference △ hi and time interval △ ti are spent, so as to can obtain the flow velocity Vi and flow Qi of the water on this depth interval；
Qi=kViS；K is coefficient of the fluid in the different tubing string flowing spaces, and S accumulates for water flow section, uses
The flow that the flow of last layer subtracts this layer can draw the water absorption of this layer；
The spike amplitude method of residues utilizes gamma ray in instrument record pit shaft by discharging in the wellbore after tracer
Intensity, until tracer disappear, weaken the relative discharge that gauge calculates stratum successively using gamma ray intensity；Tracer with
Injection fluid sequentially enters each perforation layer, and often into once, tracer will lose, the radioactive intensities of wellbore fluids because
This weakens therewith.The intensity of gamma ray in pit shaft is recorded, until tracer disappears.As shown in figure 4, gamma ray intensity is successively
Decrease amount is directly proportional to stratum soakage.The relative discharge on stratum can be calculated.The method application condition is big, tends to exceed
20%, therefore be only used as qualitatively judging stratum suction situation, it is generally used to auxiliary tachometric method integrated interpretation stratum soakage.
The spike peak area differential technique is followed the trail of by discharging in the wellbore after tracer using gamma detector in interlayer
The abnormal width of tracer is measured, these are overlapped at the spike peak that different depth is measured with natural gamma baseline, quadratured, then
Two neighboring area does mathematic interpolation, calculates the relative injectivity on stratum；In tracing process, tracer can be with borehole fluid
Enter stratum depths, it is remaining tracer intensity that gamma detector follows the trail of the abnormal amplitude that measures in interlayer, by these
The spike peak that different depth is measured is overlapped with natural gamma baseline, is quadratured, then two neighboring area is done mathematic interpolation, you can
Draw the relative injectivity on stratum.As shown in figure 5, the foundation of area-method is spike correlative flow spike peak curve and natural gamma
It is proportional with uninterrupted that baseline forms difference in areas, if the area reduces 30% by a certain perforation layer, it is believed that
Perforation layer in enter 30% fluid, it compares with isotope tracer logging area-method, identical point all be utilize area
Related operation obtains the relative injectivity of perforation hole layer；Difference is that tracer method is using the absorption of particle isotope
At stratum, abnormal amplitude all in the stratum with water absorbing capacity at, its area it is bigger illustrate the stratum water absorbing capacity it is stronger,
That is the water absorption on stratum is directly proportional to area；And serial correlation flow rate log uses liquid isotope, the exception that it is measured
Amplitude is not necessarily intended at perforation layer, mainly uses the difference of two neighboring area to judge stratum water swelling elastomer, stratum
Water absorbing capacity is directly proportional to difference in areas.The method is mainly used in two, three small class oil reservoir injections of thick zone subdivision, the thin, interlayer of perforation layer
Water or injection well.
The well temperature plot against time passage method is by surveying a plurality of closing well well temperature curve as shown in fig. 6, temporally passage is overlapped
Get up, with reference to fluid trajectory, comprehensive analysis alters groove with the presence or absence of pipe is outer, and longitudinal crack draws accurate explanation results.
Further, in flow velocity method, the spike amplitude method of residues, spike peak area differential technique, well temperature plot against time passage method
Spike peak value read method include spike value method：Peak point in spike peak is substantially as shown in fig. 7, the depth of peak point can be directly read
Degree-time (hi, ti) coordinate value, is counted, the flow accuracy gone out with the method exploitation is higher by lot of experimental data,
Error is within ± 2%；
Point of intersection of tangents value method：Peak point in spike peak is curved as shown in figure 8, by the tangent line extension at spike peak, taking intersection point
Depth-time (hi, ti) coordinate value, experimental data statistics, the flow error gone out with the method exploitation is within ± 3%；
Half range point value method：Due to the influence of injection rate, release time, migration time etc. factors, tracer meeting
There are diffusion phenomena, spike peak is not substantially as shown in figure 9, can be using the depth for taking preceding tangentially half range point in this case
Degree-time (hi, ti) coordinate value.Its flow error is between ± 5%；
Leading edge point value method：As shown in Figure 10, tracer is most of to enter behind stratum with the increase of migration distance, shows
The amplitude at track peak can be gradually reduced, and its forward position has not been to be apparent from, and in this case, gamma baseline is considered as straight line, with
Spike peak forward position (migration direction) tangent line just has an intersection point, and the point is the point that gamma ray begins to deviate from gamma baseline, reads
Take the point depth-time coordinate (hi, ti) carry out related operation, experiment statisticses, the flow error that the method is drawn ±
Within 15%.
Influence Explanation Accuracy has following factor：
(1) casing inner diameter changes
The basis of velocity analysis method is that the cross-sectional area of pit shaft is constant relatively stable with injection rate in measurement process, if
One of them changes, and this means of interpretation will produce error.In this case it should be subject to more using other meanss of interpretation
Mend.
(2) tracer mixing is uneven
The well logging result of area-method depends on the area under the curve measured, and the tracer initially discharged is mixed with liquid in well
It is not very uniform, tracer is proximate to instrument during measurement, is also proximate to the borehole wall, has a direct impact to areal calculation.Although mixing
It is uneven only to influence initial measurement several times, but because flow profile is, using initial area as standard, therefore to produce error.
(3) well logging direction change
The well logging of continuous tracking flow of tracer track is exactly that cable drives survey on instrument, lower survey constantly to exchange, and works as tracer
Move from the top down, the surveyed tracer length of survey is shorter than the tracer length of lower survey on instrument, i.e., the area of the two will
There is error.Cable is in upper survey and lower survey, and its stroke also has a certain impact to depth.
(4) liquid outlet is just to stratum
Liquid outlet (horn mouth, injection well downhole flow regulator) is just to perforation layer, when tracer sleeve pipe or ring set space, if faced
If the layer water suction of this perforation, then the water absorption of this layer, which is calculated, will have certain error.
(5) tracer discharges
All by tracer, release conditions are influenceed in well for tachometric method and tracer loss method (amplitude reduction method).Research and
Experiment shows that the factor of influence tracer release has four：Rate of release, release time, liberation port size and fluid velocity.Cause
This, the logging quality of serial correlation flow can be effectively improved by controlling release time, rate of release and liberation port size.
Logging technique is improved, optimal well logging scheme, the well-log information of admission to high-quality are designed according to different well's conditionses；Strengthen
Comprehensive analysis integrated interpretation ability.Any means of interpretation is not isolated, in interpretation process, and a variety of methods are used in combination,
Learn from other's strong points to offset one's weaknesses, cover the shortage, error can be thus preferably minimized, greatly improve Explanation Accuracy.
Embodiment 1：XX water injection wells, there is 35 substratums, six grades of injection well downhole flow regulators.Test interpretation process is as shown in figure 11, this well solution
Release based on tachometric method, supplemented by area difference and amplitude reduction, with reference to well temperature curve, completed with integrated interpretation method
, result is：PII water nozzle energy-absorbings power is maximum, and the upper and lower layer of water nozzle has water absorbing capacity, PI and PIV water nozzles have a small amount of water suction.Its
Its water nozzle does not absorb water.
Embodiment 2：XX wells are noted for graduation two, and secondary tracer is discharged altogether.
Discharged for the first time above P2 water nozzles, tracer fully enters after P2 water nozzles, returns and cross on always in oil jacket annular space
Uppermost perforation layer has been crossed after packer again；
Second of the release above P1 water nozzles, tracer is partly into P1 water nozzles, and a part is downwardly into P2 water always
Mouth, the water into P1 water nozzles flows all the way up in oil jacket annular space.
Analysis upper sleeve has leak source.Then carried out looking for and Lou followed the trail of well logging, followed the trail of to tracer at 374m and enter stratum,
Sleeve pipe leaks herein.Continue trace test, as a result some is continued up, illustrate to alter groove above.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of accurate flow rate log means of interpretation of fluid trajectory, it is characterised in that cut down including flow velocity method, spike peak-to-peak amplitude
Method, spike peak area differential technique, well temperature plot against time passage method；
The flow velocity method includes the continuous tracking flow of tracer track well logging of the static one-point measurement means of interpretation of dual probe, single probe
Interpretative method；
The static one-point measurement means of interpretation of dual probe is stopped the double gamma-ray probes of instrument by discharging in the wellbore after tracer
Between two perforation layers, the distance between time and two probes according to required for tracer flows through two probes determines this
The flow velocity at place, and then calculate flow；
The continuous tracking flow of tracer track well log interpretation method of single probe by discharging after tracer in the wellbore, then passes through
Instrument probe follows the trail of flow trace of the tracer in well, is qualitatively judged by flow trace and whether there is macropore in pit shaft,
Pipe is outer to alter groove, casing tube leakage loss and packer sealing situation；
The spike peak-to-peak amplitude method of residues utilizes gamma ray in instrument record pit shaft by discharging in the wellbore after tracer
Intensity, until tracer disappears, weakens the relative discharge that gauge calculates stratum using gamma ray intensity successively；
The spike peak area differential technique is followed the trail of in interlayer using gamma detector and measured by discharging in the wellbore after tracer
The abnormal width of tracer, these are overlapped at the spike peak that different depth is measured with natural gamma baseline, quadratured, then adjacent
Two areas do mathematic interpolation, calculate the relative injectivity on stratum；
The well temperature plot against time elapses method by surveying a plurality of closing well well temperature curve, and temporally passage is superimposed together, with reference to fluid
Track, comprehensive analysis alters groove with the presence or absence of pipe is outer, and longitudinal crack draws accurate explanation results.
2. a kind of accurate flow rate log means of interpretation of fluid trajectory according to claim 1, it is characterised in that double spies
Static one-point measurement means of interpretation is not suitable with low note well (20m3/ below d) and high note well (200m3/ more than d), tracer is with well
When interior liquid flows through instrument pair gamma-ray probe, the time difference that instrument can be measured between two spike peaks, two peaks is exactly spike
The time required for two probes is flowed through in agent, and the distance between two probes are fixed, and the distance between double gamma-ray probes are
L, time when tracer flows through nearly detector is t1, and time when flowing through far detector is t2；
Time difference between two spike peaks is：△ T=t2-t1；
Flow velocity V is：V=L/ △ T；
Flow Q is：Q=kV；K is coefficient of the fluid in the different tubing string flowing spaces.
3. a kind of accurate flow rate log means of interpretation of fluid trajectory according to claim 1, it is characterised in that single spy
The continuous tracking flow of tracer track well log interpretation method of head, which includes being carried out related calculation with the data of any two probe curves, to be obtained
Depth difference △ hi and time interval △ ti between two pulses, thus can obtain the water on this depth interval flow velocity Vi and
Flow Qi；
Qi=kViS；K is coefficient of the fluid in the different tubing string flowing spaces, and S accumulates for water flow section, uses last layer
Flow subtract the flow of this layer and can draw the water absorption of this layer.
4. a kind of accurate flow rate log means of interpretation of fluid trajectory according to claim 1, it is characterised in that flow velocity
Method, the spike amplitude method of residues, spike peak area differential technique, the read method bag of spike peak value in well temperature plot against time passage method
Include spike value method, point of intersection of tangents value method, half range point value method, leading edge point value method.
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| CN107842358A (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-03-27 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | A kind of method extracted tracer log data and form flow imaging figure |
| CN107989597A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-05-04 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of crack data screening technique, device and storage medium |
| CN110863807A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-03-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for judging water absorption condition of oil-water well |
| CN111305828A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for detecting water outlet layer and water direction of oil well by using radioactive hydrophilic particles |
| CN111396033A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2020-07-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for detecting leakage position of casing by using radioactive isotope |
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| CN107989597A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-05-04 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of crack data screening technique, device and storage medium |
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| CN111305828B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2022-09-23 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for detecting oil well water outlet layer and water inlet direction by using radioactive hydrophilic particles |
| CN111396033A (en) * | 2019-01-02 | 2020-07-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for detecting leakage position of casing by using radioactive isotope |
| CN110863807A (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2020-03-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for judging water absorption condition of oil-water well |
| CN110863807B (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2022-05-10 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method for judging water absorption condition of oil-water well |
| CN112065363A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2020-12-11 | 成都中油翼龙科技有限责任公司 | Water injection well water absorption profile measuring device and method |
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Application publication date: 20170922 |