CN107181599B - Routing position data secret storage and sharing method based on block chain - Google Patents
Routing position data secret storage and sharing method based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/32—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols including means for verifying the identity or authority of a user of the system or for message authentication, e.g. authorization, entity authentication, data integrity or data verification, non-repudiation, key authentication or verification of credentials
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- H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
- H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
- H04L63/0442—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload wherein the sending and receiving network entities apply asymmetric encryption, i.e. different keys for encryption and decryption
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- H04L63/126—Applying verification of the received information the source of the received data
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- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
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Abstract
A route position data secret storage and sharing method based on a block chain is disclosed. The method comprises a data storage method and a data sharing method; the data storage method comprises the steps of node configuration, data encryption transmission, storage sub-network verification storage and the like; the data sharing method comprises the steps of requirement generation, requirement response, sharing achievement and the like; the invention has the following effects: the block chain technology is used, data are encrypted and stored, and a decentralized network is used for sharing data, so that the problems that a data storage party has no right to use the data, and a user party has no channel to selectively open personal data are solved; the invention adopts local encryption transmission in the data storage process, the server side stores the encrypted data, the decryption key is stored by the user, the server side cannot obtain the original data, and the data protection effect is better; in the storage process, a block chain technology is adopted, and the common identification storage is realized by using a practical Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm, so that the problem of workload bottleneck of centralized storage is solved, and the data can be guaranteed to be prevented from being tampered.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a routing position data secret storage and sharing method based on a block chain, and belongs to the technical field of data internet.
Background
Blockchains are a distributed data storage scheme that provides a collective maintenance strategy in a decentralized manner through a point-to-point model. The technology summarizes system communication data in a period of time, generates data blocks from the summarized data through a modern cryptography means, generates data fingerprints by utilizing timestamps, connects the data blocks in series to form a chain and provides validity verification and audit.
The traditional route position data storage and sharing method mainly comprises two methods: centralized storage and centralized sharing and distributed storage and centralized sharing. The working process of centralized storage and centralized sharing is as follows: the server side collects data of all users and stores the data in a centralized manner, and each sharing request is sent to the server center for auditing; the working process of the distributed storage centralized sharing is as follows: the server collects all user data and stores the data in a dispersed mode through a distributed technology, and when a user initiates a sharing request, the user is audited and processed through the service center. The first method adopts a centralized storage mode, is convenient to maintain and high in safety, but is easy to generate service bottleneck due to large workload; the second method adopts a distributed storage technology, but the sharing requirement is still processed by the central server, and the required data is searched by the distributed storage during processing, so that the complexity of the system is increased. In addition, although the data stored in the two modes are encrypted, the data can still be freely utilized as a service party, and the privacy of a user cannot be effectively guaranteed; the sharing requirement of the user passes through the sharing processing center, and once the sharing processing center cannot work due to some reason, the data sharing cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for securely storing and sharing route location data based on a block chain.
In order to achieve the above object, the routing location data secret storage and sharing method based on the block chain provided by the invention comprises a data storage method and a data sharing method;
the data storage method comprises the following steps which are carried out in sequence:
1) node configuration
1.1) storage node configuration:
1.1.1) configuring each storage node of a service party into a point-to-point communication network;
1.1.2) locally generating a private key by each storage node in the step 1.1.1);
1.1.3) generating public keys by each storage node in the step 1.1.1) according to the private keys generated in the step 1.1.2), and broadcasting the public keys in the whole network;
1.2) user node configuration:
1.2.1) configuring user nodes connected with each routing device for providing services into a point-to-point communication network;
1.2.2) matching each user node in the step 1.2.1) with account information and locally generating a unique root private key according to the information;
1.2.3) generating a shared key pair consisting of a private key and a public key by each user node in the step 1.2.1) according to the root private key generated in the step 1.2.2), wherein each user can have a plurality of shared key pairs and broadcasts the public key in the whole network;
2) data encrypted transmission
2.1) each user node generates a random key, acquires the position data based on the route of the current set interval, and then obtains encrypted data by the operation of an encryption function on the random key and the position data;
2.2) each user node obtains a data summary through hash function operation according to the encrypted data in the step 2.1);
2.3) each user node generates a digital signature through an encryption algorithm operation according to the private key in the step 1.2.3) and the data abstract in the step 2.2);
2.4) each user node packs the encrypted data in the step 2.1) and the digital signature in the step 2.3) into packed data and randomly sends the packed data to a public key address of a certain storage node in a storage sub-network;
3) storage sub-network authentication storage
3.1) each storage node in the storage sub-network collects all the packed data received in the current time period according to the set time period and generates a data block;
3.2) each storage node in the storage sub-network adopts a practical Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm, and the digital signature in the packed data is verified through the public key of each user node in the step 1.2.3), so as to achieve consensus;
3.3) each storage node in the storage sub-network adds a time stamp to the data block which is identified and stored in the data block chain, and then broadcasts in the whole network to finish the storage process;
the data sharing method comprises the following steps which are carried out in sequence:
4) demand generation
4.1) the requesting user node requests the requested user node to send the appointed position data to generate the demand information;
4.2) the requester user node selects a public key in any local shared key pair as a request sending address, and generates a digital signature by using a corresponding private key;
4.3) the requesting user node obtains a public key of a requested user node in advance, and the public key is used as a destination address to send the demand information and the digital signature to the address;
5) demand response
5.1) the requested user node receives the sharing request of the requesting user node and broadcasts the sharing request to the whole network;
5.2) each user node of the whole network achieves the validity verification of the request through a consensus mechanism;
5.3) after the verification is passed, the demand information is recorded on the shared block chain and is broadcasted to the whole network;
5.4) the requested user node locally extracts a random key and a shared key pair corresponding to the demand information;
5.5) the requested user node randomly selects a public key of one storage node in the storage sub-network, and encrypts the public key of the requesting user node by using the public key of the storage node to obtain a ciphertext;
5.6) the requested user node performs hash operation on the ciphertext obtained in the step 5.5), and encrypts a private key in the shared key pair extracted in the step 5.4) to generate a digital signature;
5.7) the requested user node encrypts the random key by using the public key address of the requesting user node to obtain an encrypted random key, and then packages the ciphertext, the digital signature and the encrypted random key into packaged data and sends the packaged data to any storage node of the storage sub-network;
6) sharing is achieved
6.1) the storage node selected by the user node of the requested party receives the request of the user node of the requested party, and the identity and the correctness of the ciphertext are verified through the digital signature and the public key in the shared key pair in the step 5.4);
6.2) the storage node selected by the user node of the requesting party decrypts the ciphertext in the step 5.5) through the private key of the storage node to obtain the public key address of the user node of the requesting party;
6.3) the storage node selected by the user node of the requested party extracts the corresponding encrypted data and the encrypted random key according to the requirement of the demand information and sends the encrypted data and the encrypted random key to the public key address of the user node of the requested party, and the sent data is recorded on the data block chain through a consensus mechanism;
6.4) the requesting user node receives the data sent by the storage node selected by the requesting user node, the random key is obtained by decrypting the data through the private key of the requesting user node, the encrypted position data is decrypted, the original shared data is obtained, and sharing is completed.
In step 1.2.2) and step 1.2.3), the method of generating a root private key and shared key pair comprises the steps of:
A) the method comprises the following steps The node user generates a root private key according to the account information and locally stores the root private key;
B) the method comprises the following steps The node user generates a user private key for sharing a key pair according to the root private key;
C) the method comprises the following steps And the node user generates a user public key according to the user private key, and finally obtains a shared key pair consisting of the user private key and the user public key.
In step 5.2), the consensus mechanism achieving method comprises the following steps:
D) the method comprises the following steps Each requesting user node in the sharing sub-network receives the demand information broadcasted by the requested user node;
E) the method comprises the following steps Each requested user node participates in consensus competition through the following formula: the contribution degree (online time length in the last 7 days/168 + personal use flow in the last 7 days/total network flow in the last 7 days) and the number of times of sharing in the last 7 days, and the user node with the highest contribution degree verifies the requirement;
F) after verification is completed, the demand information is stored in a shared block chain, and flow rewards are given;
G) and (4) arbitrating that the requested user node currently participating in the verification cannot participate in the consensus within the next 7 days, and completing the consensus.
The routing position data secret storage and sharing method based on the block chain has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention uses the block chain technology, adopts data encryption storage, and utilizes decentralized network to share data, thereby solving the problems that a data storage party has no right to use data and a user party has no channel to selectively open personal data;
2. the invention adopts local encryption transmission in the data storage process, the server side stores the encrypted data, the decryption key is stored by the user, the server side cannot obtain the original data, and the data protection effect is better;
3. the block chain technology is adopted in the storage process, and the common identification storage is realized by using a practical Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm, so that the problem of workload bottleneck of centralized storage is solved, the data can be guaranteed to be prevented from being tampered, and meanwhile, the problem of service quality caused by the fault of a central server can be effectively prevented;
4. the user sharing data of the invention adopts a point-to-point network, combines with the modern cryptography encryption technology, only two parties involved have the right to obtain the data, can solve the problem of privacy leakage of the user, adopts the user information to generate a root private key so as to generate a sharing key pair, and only two parties involved know the identity of each other, thereby realizing the anonymous sharing;
5. according to the method, consensus is achieved through a contribution consensus algorithm, and the shared block chain is used for storing the records, so that on one hand, transparent records are provided, convenience is brought to audit, and meanwhile, malicious attack behaviors of lawbreakers on a shared network can be prevented.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a storage node configuration method in the block chain-based route location data secure storage and sharing method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a user node configuration method in the block chain-based route location data secure storage and sharing method according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a data sending and verifying storage method in the block chain-based route location data secret storage and sharing method according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a method for generating a root private key and a shared key in the block chain-based route location data secure storage and sharing method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a demand generation and demand response method in the block chain-based route location data secure storage and sharing method provided by the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a sharing method in the block chain based secure storage and sharing method for route location data according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The method for securely storing and sharing route location data based on block chains according to the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The invention divides the network into a data block chain sub-network facing the storage and a sharing block chain sub-network facing the sharing service according to the two services of the storage and the sharing, the two networks are both point-to-point networks, and two block chains are used for the two sub-networks, wherein the two block chains are respectively as follows: a data block chain and a shared block chain.
The storage-oriented data block chain network comprises a plurality of equal storage nodes, each storage node is responsible for receiving and summarizing user data, verifying the data validity through a consensus mechanism, and storing encrypted data on a chain in a block structure according to the time sequence to generate a data block chain. The concurrency is improved through reasonable distribution and cooperative work, the problem of workload bottleneck existing in central service is solved, data are encrypted through a user side and stored through a block chain technology, and high reliability and transparency of stored data can be guaranteed while high-security data privacy is guaranteed.
The sharing block chain sub-network facing the sharing service is composed of a plurality of user nodes, each user node completes position data sharing through point-to-point network characteristics and a specific consensus mechanism, each user node fairly competes in the consensus process and obtains corresponding rewards after consensus is completed, so that the aim of collective maintenance of each user node is fulfilled, each legal sharing record is recorded on the sharing block chain through consensus operation, each user node in the network can view the sharing block chain, and the public transparency and the safety reliability of the sharing network can be realized.
The routing position data secret storage and sharing method based on the block chain comprises a data storage method and a data sharing method;
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the data storage method includes the following steps performed in sequence:
1) node configuration
1.1) storage node configuration:
1.1.1) configuring each storage node of a service party into a point-to-point communication network;
1.1.2) locally generating a private key by each storage node in the step 1.1.1);
1.1.3) generating public keys by each storage node in the step 1.1.1) according to the private keys generated in the step 1.1.2), and broadcasting the public keys in the whole network;
1.2) user node configuration:
1.2.1) configuring user nodes connected with each routing device for providing services into a point-to-point communication network;
1.2.2) matching each user node in the step 1.2.1) with account information and locally generating a unique root private key according to the information;
1.2.3) generating a shared key pair consisting of a private key and a public key by each user node in the step 1.2.1) according to the root private key generated in the step 1.2.2), wherein each user can have a plurality of shared key pairs and broadcasts the public key in the whole network;
2) data encrypted transmission
2.1) each user node generates a random key, acquires the position data based on the route of the current set interval, and then obtains encrypted data by the operation of an encryption function on the random key and the position data;
2.2) each user node obtains a data summary through hash function operation according to the encrypted data in the step 2.1);
2.3) each user node generates a digital signature through an encryption algorithm operation according to the private key in the step 1.2.3) and the data abstract in the step 2.2);
2.4) each user node packs the encrypted data in the step 2.1) and the digital signature in the step 2.3) into packed data and randomly sends the packed data to a public key address of a certain storage node in a storage sub-network;
3) storage sub-network authentication storage
3.1) each storage node in the storage sub-network collects all the packed data received in the current time period according to the set time period and generates a data block;
3.2) each storage node in the storage sub-network adopts a practical Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm, and the digital signature in the packed data is verified through the public key of each user node in the step 1.2.3), so as to achieve consensus;
3.3) each storage node in the storage sub-network adds a time stamp to the data block which is identified and stored in the data block chain, and then broadcasts in the whole network to finish the storage process;
as shown in fig. 4, in step 1.2.2) and step 1.2.3), the method for generating a root private key and shared key pair includes the following steps:
A) the method comprises the following steps The node user generates a root private key according to the account information and locally stores the root private key;
B) the method comprises the following steps The node user generates a user private key for sharing a key pair according to the root private key;
C) the method comprises the following steps And the node user generates a user public key according to the user private key, and finally obtains a shared key pair consisting of the user private key and the user public key.
As shown in fig. 4-5, the data sharing method includes the following steps in sequence:
4) demand generation
4.1) the requesting user node requests the requested user node to send the appointed position data to generate the demand information;
4.2) the requester user node selects a public key in any local shared key pair as a request sending address, and generates a digital signature by using a corresponding private key;
4.3) the requesting user node obtains a public key of a requested user node in advance, and the public key is used as a destination address to send the demand information and the digital signature to the address;
5) demand response
5.1) the requested user node receives the sharing request of the requesting user node and broadcasts the sharing request to the whole network;
5.2) each user node of the whole network achieves the validity verification of the request through a consensus mechanism;
5.3) after the verification is passed, the demand information is recorded on the shared block chain and is broadcasted to the whole network;
5.4) the requested user node locally extracts a random key and a shared key pair corresponding to the demand information;
5.5) the requested user node randomly selects a public key of one storage node in the storage sub-network, and encrypts the public key of the requesting user node by using the public key of the storage node to obtain a ciphertext;
5.6) the requested user node performs hash operation on the ciphertext obtained in the step 5.5), and encrypts a private key in the shared key pair extracted in the step 5.4) to generate a digital signature;
5.7) the requested user node encrypts the random key by using the public key address of the requesting user node to obtain an encrypted random key, and then packages the ciphertext, the digital signature and the encrypted random key into packaged data and sends the packaged data to any storage node of the storage sub-network;
6) sharing is achieved
6.1) the storage node selected by the user node of the requested party receives the request of the user node of the requested party, and the identity and the correctness of the ciphertext are verified through the digital signature and the public key in the shared key pair in the step 5.4);
6.2) the storage node selected by the user node of the requesting party decrypts the ciphertext in the step 5.5) through the private key of the storage node to obtain the public key address of the user node of the requesting party;
6.3) the storage node selected by the user node of the requested party extracts the corresponding encrypted data and the encrypted random key according to the requirement of the demand information and sends the encrypted data and the encrypted random key to the public key address of the user node of the requested party, and the sent data is recorded on the data block chain through a consensus mechanism;
6.4) the requesting user node receives the data sent by the storage node selected by the requesting user node, the random key is obtained by decrypting the data through the private key of the requesting user node, the encrypted position data is decrypted, the original shared data is obtained, and sharing is completed.
In step 5.2), the consensus mechanism achieving method comprises the following steps:
D) the method comprises the following steps Each requesting user node in the sharing sub-network receives the demand information broadcasted by the requested user node;
E) the method comprises the following steps Each requested user node participates in consensus competition through the following formula: the contribution degree (online time length in the last 7 days/168 + personal use flow in the last 7 days/total network flow in the last 7 days) and the number of times of sharing in the last 7 days, and the user node with the highest contribution degree verifies the requirement;
F) after verification is completed, the demand information is stored in a shared block chain, and flow rewards are given;
G) and (4) arbitrating that the requested user node currently participating in the verification cannot participate in the consensus within the next 7 days, and completing the consensus.
Claims (3)
1. A route position data secret storage and sharing method based on block chain is characterized in that: the routing position data secret storage and sharing method based on the block chain comprises a data storage method and a data sharing method;
the data storage method comprises the following steps which are carried out in sequence:
1) node configuration
1.1) storage node configuration:
1.1.1) configuring each storage node of a service party into a point-to-point communication network;
1.1.2) locally generating a private key by each storage node in the step 1.1.1);
1.1.3) generating public keys by each storage node in the step 1.1.1) according to the private keys generated in the step 1.1.2), and broadcasting the public keys in the whole network;
1.2) user node configuration:
1.2.1) configuring user nodes connected with each routing device for providing services into a point-to-point communication network;
1.2.2) matching each user node in the step 1.2.1) with account information and locally generating a unique root private key according to the information;
1.2.3) generating a shared key pair consisting of a private key and a public key by each user node in the step 1.2.1) according to the root private key generated in the step 1.2.2), wherein each user can have a plurality of shared key pairs and broadcasts the public key in the whole network;
2) data encrypted transmission
2.1) each user node generates a random key, acquires the position data based on the route of the current set interval, and then obtains encrypted data by the operation of an encryption function on the random key and the position data;
2.2) each user node obtains a data summary through hash function operation according to the encrypted data in the step 2.1);
2.3) each user node generates a digital signature through an encryption algorithm operation according to the private key in the step 1.2.3) and the data abstract in the step 2.2);
2.4) each user node packs the encrypted data in the step 2.1) and the digital signature in the step 2.3) into packed data and randomly sends the packed data to a public key address of a certain storage node in a storage sub-network;
3) storage sub-network authentication storage
3.1) each storage node in the storage sub-network collects all the packed data received in the current time period according to the set time period and generates a data block;
3.2) each storage node in the storage sub-network adopts a practical Byzantine fault-tolerant algorithm, and the digital signature in the packed data is verified through the public key of each user node in the step 1.2.3), so as to achieve consensus;
3.3) each storage node in the storage sub-network adds a time stamp to the data block which is identified and stored in the data block chain, and then broadcasts in the whole network to finish the storage process;
the data sharing method comprises the following steps which are carried out in sequence:
4) demand generation
4.1) the requesting user node requests the requested user node to send the appointed position data to generate the demand information;
4.2) the requester user node selects a public key in any local shared key pair as a request sending address, and generates a digital signature by using a corresponding private key;
4.3) the requesting user node obtains a public key of a requested user node in advance, and the public key is used as a destination address to send the demand information and the digital signature to the address;
5) demand response
5.1) the requested user node receives the sharing request of the requesting user node and broadcasts the sharing request to the whole network;
5.2) each user node of the whole network achieves the validity verification of the request through a consensus mechanism;
5.3) after the verification is passed, the demand information is recorded on the shared block chain and is broadcasted to the whole network;
5.4) the requested user node locally extracts a random key and a shared key pair corresponding to the demand information;
5.5) the requested user node randomly selects a public key of one storage node in the storage sub-network, and encrypts the public key of the requesting user node by using the public key of the storage node to obtain a ciphertext;
5.6) the requested user node performs hash operation on the ciphertext obtained in the step 5.5), and encrypts a private key in the shared key pair extracted in the step 5.4) to generate a digital signature;
5.7) the requested user node encrypts the random key by using the public key address of the requesting user node to obtain an encrypted random key, and then packages the ciphertext, the digital signature and the encrypted random key into packaged data and sends the packaged data to any storage node of the storage sub-network;
6) sharing is achieved
6.1) the storage node selected by the user node of the requested party receives the request of the user node of the requested party, and the identity and the correctness of the ciphertext are verified through the digital signature and the public key in the shared key pair in the step 5.4);
6.2) the storage node selected by the user node of the requesting party decrypts the ciphertext in the step 5.5) through the private key of the storage node to obtain the public key address of the user node of the requesting party;
6.3) the storage node selected by the user node of the requested party extracts the corresponding encrypted data and the encrypted random key according to the requirement of the demand information and sends the encrypted data and the encrypted random key to the public key address of the user node of the requested party, and the sent data is recorded on the data block chain through a consensus mechanism;
6.4) the requesting user node receives the data sent by the storage node selected by the requesting user node, the random key is obtained by decrypting the data through the private key of the requesting user node, the encrypted position data is decrypted, the original shared data is obtained, and sharing is completed.
2. The method for secure storage and sharing of block chain based routing location data according to claim 1, wherein: in step 1.2.2) and step 1.2.3), the method of generating a root private key and shared key pair comprises the steps of:
A) the method comprises the following steps The node user generates a root private key according to the account information and locally stores the root private key;
B) the method comprises the following steps The node user generates a user private key for sharing a key pair according to the root private key;
C) the method comprises the following steps And the node user generates a user public key according to the user private key, and finally obtains a shared key pair consisting of the user private key and the user public key.
3. The method for secure storage and sharing of block chain based routing location data according to claim 1, wherein: in step 5.2), the consensus mechanism achieving method comprises the following steps:
D) the method comprises the following steps Each requesting user node in the sharing sub-network receives the demand information broadcasted by the requested user node;
E) the method comprises the following steps Each requested user node participates in consensus competition through the following formula: the contribution degree (online time length in the last 7 days/168 + personal use flow in the last 7 days/total network flow in the last 7 days) and the number of times of sharing in the last 7 days, and the user node with the highest contribution degree verifies the requirement;
F) after verification is completed, the demand information is stored in a shared block chain, and flow rewards are given;
G) and (4) arbitrating that the requested user node currently participating in the verification cannot participate in the consensus within the next 7 days, and completing the consensus.
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