CN107181013B - Process method for briquetting lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage battery - Google Patents

Process method for briquetting lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107181013B
CN107181013B CN201710314747.8A CN201710314747A CN107181013B CN 107181013 B CN107181013 B CN 107181013B CN 201710314747 A CN201710314747 A CN 201710314747A CN 107181013 B CN107181013 B CN 107181013B
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China
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lead
acid storage
materials
lead plaster
briquetting
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CN107181013A (en
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王喜安
周锋
谢宝如
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Jiangxi Jinyang Metal Ltd By Share Ltd
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Jiangxi Jinyang Metal Ltd By Share Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

Abstract

The invention discloses a process method for briquetting lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage batteries, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: the lead plaster obtained by crushing the waste lead-acid storage battery is mixed and mixed with the dust, the iron powder, the lime, the yellow mud and the water of the lead alloy smelted by the pyrometallurgical method according to the proportion; step two: the materials are uniformly mixed, the internal chemical components naturally react, and the thickness of the material spreading layer is 800 mm; step three: after the materials naturally react, the materials are mixed again by a double-shaft stirrer and are sent into a briquetting machine; step four: and (5) drying the blocks. The invention has the advantages that: pressing the lead plaster into a block with strong anti-falling performance, adding dust collection ash to play a role in bonding, and smelting the dust collection ash; the material can still be kept basically intact when naturally falling at the height of 3.0m, the material transfer times are more in actual production, and the material can be prevented from being seriously damaged to influence the smelting efficiency in the furnace; the method has the advantages of strong applicability, environmental protection, economy, simple material taking, simple process, easy operation, easy adjustment of process conditions and high yield.

Description

Process method for briquetting lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to a process method for briquetting lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage batteries, belonging to the technical field of recycling and reusing of hazardous wastes.
Background
Since the invention, the lead-acid storage battery has absolute advantages in a chemical power supply, and has the advantages of low price, easily available raw materials, reliable use, suitability for large-current discharge, wide environmental temperature range and the like. Through the development of nearly 160 years, the lead-acid storage battery is greatly improved in the aspects of theoretical research, product types, product varieties, product electrical performance and the like, and the lead-acid storage battery plays an indispensable important role in all economic fields of traffic, communication, electric power, military, navigation and aviation.
Along with the shift of energy utilization direction, the market scale of the lead-acid storage battery in China is rapidly enlarged in the 'eleven-five' period, and the yield is rapidly increased by about 20% per year on average. The lead-acid storage battery has a limited service life, is generally scrapped after two to three years, is dangerous waste, contains plastics, a grid, lead paste, partition paper, dilute sulfuric acid and the like, and has a certain recycling value, wherein the lead paste and the grid have the highest recycling value, so that the research center of the industries such as smelting, environmental protection and the like is formed by effectively recycling the materials of the waste lead-acid storage battery.
The main components of the lead plaster and the grid are lead and lead compounds, and a set of mature processes are developed to date for recovering and treating the waste lead-acid storage battery, wherein the grid mainly adopts a pyrometallurgical process, and the lead plaster can be effectively recovered by both a wet process and a pyrometallurgical process. The investment for treating the lead plaster by a wet process is large, and the occupied area of equipment is wide; the pyrogenic process for treating the lead plaster is mainly short kiln equipment, the lead plaster material is fine and meets the condition of short kiln smelting material, but the unit area treatment amount is small, and a certain scale cannot be formed. If the lead plaster can be briquetted and smelted by an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace, the capability of recycling and treating the waste lead-acid storage battery in the existing lead smelting plant can be greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a process method for briquetting waste lead-acid storage battery lead paste, which has the advantages of strong falling resistance, strong applicability, environmental protection, economy, simple material taking and capability of being used for large-scale production.
The invention is realized by the following scheme: a process method for briquetting lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage batteries comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the lead plaster obtained by crushing the waste lead-acid storage battery is mixed and mixed with the dust, the iron powder, the lime, the yellow mud and the water of the lead alloy smelted by the pyrometallurgical method according to the proportion;
step two: uniformly mixing the materials in the step one, and naturally reacting internal chemical components for 24-48h to form a material layer with the thickness of 800 mm;
step three: after the natural reaction in the step two, the materials are mixed again by a double-shaft stirrer and are sent into a briquetting machine, the pressure of 12.5-25MPa is applied to the materials, and the pressure duration is 5-10 s;
step four: the drying time of the blocks is 24-72 h.
Further: which comprises the following steps:
step a: carrying out filter pressing and liquid removal on the waste lead-acid storage battery lead paste to obtain lead paste with the water content less than or equal to 12%;
step b: mixing the collected dust with the lead plaster obtained in the first step, adding iron powder, lime and yellow mud, and uniformly mixing by using a loader;
step c: placing the materials mixed in the step two into a material field, flatly paving the materials with the thickness of 800mm, and naturally reacting for 24-48 h;
step d: conveying the materials after the natural reaction in the step three into a double-shaft stirrer by using a loader, and adding water for mixing for 50 s;
step e: after uniformly mixing the materials in the step four, conveying the materials into a hydraulic cold press by using a belt conveyor, and controlling the applied pressure to be 12.5-25MPa and the pressure duration to be 5-10 s;
step f: and D, stacking the formed blocks extruded by the hydraulic cold press in the step five by using a stacking machine, transferring the blocks to a material stacking field by using a forklift, and naturally airing for 24-72 hours.
Further: the waste lead-acid storage battery lead plaster comprises the following components: collecting dust: iron powder: lime: yellow mud: the weight ratio of water is 100: 0-30: 5-25: 3-8: 0-5: 8-10.
Further: and in the first step, a plate-and-frame filter press is adopted for removing the liquid from the waste lead-acid storage battery lead plaster through filter pressing.
Further: and in the second step, the loader is a forklift or a grab bucket travelling crane.
Further: and the hydraulic cold press in the step five is an oil pressure static press.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the process method for briquetting the lead plaster of the waste lead-acid storage battery can press the lead plaster into briquettes with strong anti-falling performance, thereby changing the mode of smelting the lead plaster and recycling metal lead by single equipment, leading content of dust is high, the lead plaster belongs to dangerous waste, and the dust collecting amount generated by a lead smelting plant is large like the smelting process of the lead plaster and the lead plaster, so the method can also change the mode of smelting the dust by single equipment;
2. the invention relates to a process method for briquetting waste lead-acid storage battery lead plaster, which mixes the waste lead-acid storage battery lead plaster with dust, iron powder, lime and yellow mud to improve the air permeability of a material layer; adding water for mixing for the second time, pressing the materials into blocks, volatilizing excessive moisture through chemical exothermic reaction inside the materials, and bonding the material particles more firmly;
3. the lead plaster block mass prepared by the process method for briquetting the lead plaster of the waste lead-acid storage battery has high density, high compressive strength and low cost, is particularly suitable for smelting materials in an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace, the high density is reflected by the cohesive force in the block mass, and the high strength is ensured by the falling resistance performance;
4. the lead plaster briquette material prepared by the process method for briquetting the lead plaster of the waste lead-acid storage battery is obtained by the process conditions of normal temperature and low pressure, the chemical characteristics of the material are fully utilized, the redundant water is evaporated in the shortest time, the material is not heated in an auxiliary way, and the energy consumption is prevented from being increased; the hydraulic cold press can obtain the agglomerate with good performance under the applied pressure of 12.5-25MPa without the input of high-power equipment;
5. the lead plaster of the process method for briquetting the lead plaster of the waste lead-acid storage battery contains various lead-containing compounds, and the added iron powder can generate an exothermic reaction under natural conditions, so that the heating is assisted, and the increase of energy consumption is avoided;
6. the dust collecting ash added in the process method for briquetting the lead plaster of the waste lead-acid storage battery contains lead materials, can be used for cooperatively treating and recovering lead, and has certain viscosity to play a role in bonding after being soaked;
7. the applied pressure of the hydraulic cold press of the process method for briquetting the lead plaster of the waste lead-acid storage battery is 12.5-25MPa, which is an interval value, the pressure is too small to be easily molded, and the internal reaction is easy to burst when the pressure is too large;
8. the technological method for briquetting the lead plaster of the waste lead-acid storage battery has the advantages of strong applicability, environmental protection, economy, simple material taking, simple process, easy operation, easy adjustment of process conditions, high yield and good application prospect, and can be used for large-scale production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the process method for briquetting lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage batteries.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the disclosure.
In the following description, for purposes of clarity, not all features of an actual implementation are described, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail since they would obscure the invention with unnecessary detail, it being understood that in the development of any actual embodiment, numerous implementation details must be set forth in order to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, changing from one implementation to another, and it being recognized that such development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art.
The lead plaster, grid, partition paper, plastic and dilute sulfuric acid are obtained by crushing the waste lead-acid storage battery, and the lead plaster is the main raw material of the invention.
Example 1: a process method for briquetting lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage batteries comprises the following steps: carrying out filter pressing and liquid removal on the waste lead-acid storage battery lead paste to obtain lead paste with the water content less than or equal to 12%; step two: mixing the collected dust with the lead plaster obtained in the first step, adding iron powder, lime and yellow mud, and uniformly mixing by using a loader, wherein the waste lead-acid storage battery lead plaster comprises the following steps: collecting dust: iron powder: lime: yellow mud: the weight ratio of water is 100: 1: 5: 3: 1: 8; step three: placing the materials mixed in the step two into a material field, flatly paving the materials with the thickness of 800mm, and naturally reacting for 24 hours; step four: conveying the materials after the natural reaction in the step three into a double-shaft stirrer by using a loader, and adding water for mixing for 50 s; step five: after uniformly mixing the materials in the step four, conveying the materials into a hydraulic cold press by using a belt conveyor, and controlling the applied pressure to be 12.5MPa and the pressure duration to be 5 s; step six: and (5) stacking the formed blocks extruded by the hydraulic cold press in the step five by a stacking machine, transferring the blocks to a material stacking field by a forklift, and naturally airing for 24 hours.
Example 2: a process method for briquetting lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage batteries comprises the following steps: carrying out filter pressing and liquid removal on the waste lead-acid storage battery lead paste to obtain lead paste with the water content less than or equal to 12%; step two: mixing the collected dust with the lead plaster obtained in the first step, adding iron powder, lime and yellow mud, and uniformly mixing by using a loader, wherein the waste lead-acid storage battery lead plaster comprises the following steps: collecting dust: iron powder: lime: yellow mud: the weight ratio of water is 100: 30: 25: 8: 5: 10; step three: placing the materials mixed in the step two into a material field, flatly paving the materials with the thickness of 800mm, and naturally reacting for 48 hours; step four: conveying the materials after the natural reaction in the step three into a double-shaft stirrer by using a loader, and adding water for mixing for 50 s; step five: after uniformly mixing the materials in the step four, conveying the materials into a hydraulic cold press by using a belt conveyor, and controlling the applied pressure to be 25MPa and the pressure duration to be 10 s; step six: and (5) stacking the formed blocks extruded by the hydraulic cold press in the step five by a stacking machine, transferring the blocks to a material stacking field by a forklift, and naturally airing for 72 hours.
Example 3: a process method for briquetting lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage batteries comprises the following steps: carrying out filter pressing and liquid removal on the waste lead-acid storage battery lead paste to obtain lead paste with the water content less than or equal to 12%; step two: mixing the collected dust with the lead plaster obtained in the first step, adding iron powder, lime and yellow mud, and uniformly mixing by using a loader, wherein the waste lead-acid storage battery lead plaster comprises the following steps: collecting dust: iron powder: lime: yellow mud: the weight ratio of water is 100: 20: 15: 3-8: 3: 9; step three: placing the materials mixed in the step two into a material field, flatly paving the materials with the thickness of 800mm, and naturally reacting for 36 hours; step four: conveying the materials after the natural reaction in the step three into a double-shaft stirrer by using a loader, and adding water for mixing for 50 s; step five: after uniformly mixing the materials in the step four, conveying the materials into a hydraulic cold press by using a belt conveyor, and controlling the applied pressure to be 20MPa and the pressure duration to be 8 s; step six: and (5) stacking the formed blocks extruded by the hydraulic cold press in the step five by a stacking machine, transferring the blocks to a material stacking field by a forklift, and naturally airing for 48 hours.
Example 4: purchasing 10 tons of waste lead-acid storage batteries, crushing and filter-pressing to obtain 4 tons of lead plaster, and adding 0.8 ton of dust collection ash, 0.4 ton of iron powder, 0.2 ton of lime and 0.12 ton of yellow mud; uniformly mixing by using a loader, transferring to a material field, and flatly paving with the thickness of 800 mm; after 24 hours, the mixed materials are sent into a double-shaft stirrer by a loader, 0.4 ton of water is added, and the materials are sent into a briquetting machine by a conveying belt after being uniformly mixed; the static pressure machine gradually applies pressure, and when the pressure reaches 15MPa, the pressure is kept for 10 s; transferring the molded product to a material airing field by using a forklift after compression molding, wherein the natural airing time is 24 hours; taking 3 blocks, and naturally dropping from the height of 1.0m, 2.0m and 3.0m respectively, wherein the dropping at the position of 1.0m is almost unchanged, two small blocks are dropped at the position of 2.0m, and five blocks are dropped at the position of 3.0 m.
In the analysis of the actual production process, the falling height of the materials is less than 1.5m, and the materials falling and divided at the height of 3.0m can also meet the requirement of oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace smelting.
Example 5: purchasing 10 tons of waste lead-acid storage batteries, crushing and filter-pressing to obtain 4 tons of lead plaster, and adding 0.8 ton of dust collection ash, 0.4 ton of iron powder, 0.2 ton of lime and 0.12 ton of yellow mud; uniformly mixing by using a loader, transferring to a material field, and flatly paving with the thickness of 800 mm; after 24 hours, the mixed materials are sent into a double-shaft stirrer by a loader, 0.4 ton of water is added, and the materials are sent into a briquetting machine by a conveying belt after being uniformly mixed; the static pressure machine gradually applies pressure, and when the pressure reaches 20MPa, the pressure is kept for 10 s; transferring the molded product to a material airing field by using a forklift after compression molding, wherein the natural airing time is 24 hours; taking 3 blocks, respectively falling from the high positions of 1.0m, 2.0m and 3.0m, wherein the 1.0m position is not damaged, the 2.0m position falls out two small blocks, and the 3.0m position falls into four blocks.
Through research and analysis, the materials separated from the 3.0m high position can meet the smelting requirement of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace.
Example 6: purchasing 10 tons of waste lead-acid storage batteries, crushing and filter-pressing to obtain 4 tons of lead plaster, and adding 0.8 ton of dust collection ash, 0.4 ton of iron powder, 0.2 ton of lime and 0.12 ton of yellow mud; uniformly mixing by using a loader, transferring to a material field, and flatly paving with the thickness of 800 mm; after 24 hours, the mixed materials are sent into a double-shaft stirrer by a loader, 0.4 ton of water is added, and the materials are sent into a briquetting machine by a conveying belt after being uniformly mixed; the static pressure machine gradually applies pressure, and when the pressure reaches 25MPa, the pressure is kept for 10 s; transferring the molded product to a material airing field by using a forklift after compression molding, wherein the natural airing time is 24 hours; taking 3 blocks, respectively and naturally dropping from the high positions of 1.0m, 2.0m and 3.0m, wherein the dropping at the position of 1.0m has no damage, the dropping at the position of 2.0m has one corner, and the dropping at the position of 3.0m has two slightly larger blocks and a plurality of fine materials.
Through research and analysis, the materials separated from the 3.0m high position can meet the smelting requirement of the oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace.
Although the invention has been described and illustrated in some detail, it should be understood that various modifications may be made to the described embodiments or equivalents may be substituted, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. A process method for briquetting lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage batteries is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step a: carrying out filter pressing and liquid removal on the waste lead-acid storage battery lead paste to obtain lead paste with the water content less than or equal to 12%;
step b: mixing the collected dust with the lead plaster obtained in the first step, adding iron powder, lime and yellow mud, and uniformly mixing by using a loader;
step c: placing the materials mixed in the step two into a material field, flatly paving the materials with the thickness of 800mm, and naturally reacting for 24-48 h;
step d: conveying the materials after the natural reaction in the step three into a double-shaft stirrer by using a loader, and adding water for mixing for 50 s;
step e: after uniformly mixing the materials in the step four, conveying the materials into a hydraulic cold press by using a belt conveyor, and controlling the applied pressure to be 12.5-25MPa and the pressure duration to be 5-10 s;
step f: and D, stacking the formed blocks extruded by the hydraulic cold press in the step five by using a stacking machine, transferring the blocks to a material stacking field by using a forklift, and naturally airing for 24-72 hours.
2. The process method for briquetting lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waste lead-acid storage battery lead plaster comprises the following components: collecting dust: iron powder: lime: yellow mud: the weight ratio of water is 100: 0-30: 5-25: 3-8: 0-5: 8-10.
3. The process method for briquetting lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the first step, a plate-and-frame filter press is adopted for removing the liquid from the waste lead-acid storage battery lead plaster through filter pressing.
4. The process method for briquetting lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the second step, the loader is a forklift or a grab bucket travelling crane.
5. The process method for briquetting lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the hydraulic cold press in the step five is an oil pressure static press.
CN201710314747.8A 2017-05-06 2017-05-06 Process method for briquetting lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage battery Expired - Fee Related CN107181013B (en)

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CN110343865B (en) * 2019-08-02 2021-07-27 四川正祥环保技术有限公司 Process method for recovering valuable metals in lead plaster of waste lead-acid storage battery by using iron powder and cone glass
CN113621797A (en) * 2021-08-18 2021-11-09 江西金洋金属股份有限公司 Desulfurization lead plaster brick and preparation method thereof

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CN103667712A (en) * 2013-12-12 2014-03-26 中南大学 Method for smelting lead-containing waste and copper-containing waste synchronously in molten pool
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