CN107179586B - Large-core-number feed submarine optical cable - Google Patents
Large-core-number feed submarine optical cable Download PDFInfo
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- CN107179586B CN107179586B CN201710428551.1A CN201710428551A CN107179586B CN 107179586 B CN107179586 B CN 107179586B CN 201710428551 A CN201710428551 A CN 201710428551A CN 107179586 B CN107179586 B CN 107179586B
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006750 UV protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/4434—Central member to take up tensile loads
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/443—Protective covering
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4401—Optical cables
- G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
- G02B6/44384—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables the means comprising water blocking or hydrophobic materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
- G02B6/449—Twisting
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Communication Cables (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a large-core-number feed submarine optical cable, which comprises a cable core, an insulating layer and an armor layer, wherein the cable core comprises a central reinforcing part, at least three filling units and at least three optical units, the optical units are arranged on the outer side of the central reinforcing part in a surrounding manner by taking the central reinforcing part as the center, and the filling units are arranged between every two optical units by taking the central reinforcing part as the center; the light units are stranded on the central reinforcing piece, and the filling units are stranded at gaps between every two light units; each optical unit comprises a plurality of optical fibers and a sleeve for coating all the optical fibers, and gaps among the optical fibers in the sleeve are filled with fiber paste; the filling unit comprises at least one feeding filling unit. The submarine optical cable provided by the invention has the advantages that 288 optical fibers can be realized at most by a single cable, and data with larger capacity can be transmitted; meanwhile, the light weight of the cable can be realized, the flexibility and the bending property of the cable are improved, the manufacturing cost and the manufacturing process risk of the cable are reduced, the problem of large optical fiber attenuation caused by hydrogen loss is avoided, and the submarine optical cable connector is simple in structure and beneficial to submarine optical cable connectors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of submarine cables, and particularly relates to a large-core-number feed submarine optical cable.
Background
The submarine optical cable is used as a tie for transoceanic communication and island communication transmission, has the characteristics of large capacity, high reliability, strong anti-interference performance and the like, and plays an extremely important role in international communication. In order to be able to transmit large amounts of information, the submarine cable is required to have a sufficient number of optical fibers, and the number of optical fiber cores of a single cable can only be 48 at most, and although the single submarine cable can be made of 48 optical fibers, the submarine cable has the following defects:
(1) the structure is complex, and the joint of the optical cable is not facilitated;
(2) the problem of high attenuation of the optical fiber caused by hydrogen loss is easy to occur;
(3) impact resistance and flattening performance are poor;
(4) the external diameter is large, the construction difficulty is large, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a large-core-number feed submarine optical cable, a single cable can achieve 288 optical fibers at most, and data with larger capacity can be transmitted; meanwhile, the light weight of the cable can be realized, the flexibility and the bending property of the cable are improved, the manufacturing cost and the manufacturing process risk of the cable are reduced, the problem of large optical fiber attenuation caused by hydrogen loss is avoided, and the submarine optical cable connector is simple in structure and beneficial to submarine optical cable connectors.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a submarine optical cable of big core number feed, includes cable core, cladding in the insulating layer in the cable core outside, cladding in the armor in the insulating layer outside, its characterized in that: the cable core comprises a central reinforcing part, at least three filling units and at least three light units, wherein the light units are arranged on the outer side of the central reinforcing part in a surrounding manner by taking the central reinforcing part as a center, and the filling units are arranged between every two light units by taking the central reinforcing part as a center;
the light units are stranded on the central reinforcing piece, and the filling units are stranded between every two light units;
each optical unit comprises a plurality of optical fibers and a sleeve for coating all the optical fibers, and gaps among the optical fibers in the sleeve are filled with fiber paste;
the filling unit at least comprises one feeding filling unit.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gaps among the central reinforcement, each light unit and each filling unit are filled with a water blocking material, and the water blocking material comprises 80% -90% by weight of emulsifiable polyol and 10% -20% by weight of polymer plasticizer.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optical units are helically formed and then twisted on the central reinforcing member, and the filling units are helically formed and then twisted between every two optical units after the twisting is completed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optical unit and the filling unit further comprise the same twisting pitch and the same twisting direction.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cable core further includes four optical units and four filling units, the four optical units are arranged around the center reinforcement member on the outer side thereof, and the four filling units are sequentially arranged between every two optical units around the center reinforcement member.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cable core further includes six optical units and six filling units, the six optical units are arranged around the center reinforcement member on the outer side thereof, and the six filling units are sequentially arranged between every two optical units around the center reinforcement member.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further comprises 36 to 48 optical fibers for each light unit.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filling unit further includes a feeding filling unit and a plurality of flexible filling units, wherein the feeding filling unit and the flexible filling units are sequentially arranged between every two light units, and each flexible filling unit is provided with an identification mark.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the feeding filling unit is a copper wire.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a water blocking tape is further disposed between the insulating layer and the cable core, the water blocking tape is wrapped on the outer side of the cable core, and the insulating layer is wrapped on the outer side of the water blocking tape.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the armor further comprises an inner armor and an outer armor, wherein the inner armor has a plurality of first stranded wires arranged around the outside of the insulating layer with the center reinforcement as a center, and the outer armor has a plurality of second stranded wires arranged around the outside of the inner armor with the center reinforcement as a center, and the wire diameter of the first stranded wires is smaller than or equal to the wire diameter of the second stranded wires.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outer side of the armor layer is further coated with an outer cover PP rope layer, the outer cover PP rope layer is provided with a plurality of PP ropes which are arranged around the outer side of the outer armor layer by taking a central reinforcing piece as a center, and asphalt is coated among the stranded wires, between the stranded wires and the PP ropes and among the PP ropes.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the first optical unit and the plurality of optical units adopt a layer-stranding structure, so that the number of optical fibers in the optical cable is greatly increased, 288 optical fibers can be realized at most in a single cable, and data with larger capacity can be transmitted;
secondly, the filling units of the cable core are filled with flexible filling materials except copper wires forming the feeding filling units, so that the weight of the cable is reduced, the flexibility and the bending property of the optical cable are improved, meanwhile, the extrusion and the collision to the photoelectric element are reduced, and the manufacturing cost and the manufacturing process risk of the cable are reduced;
thirdly, the cable core is protected by the outer armor protection layer, so that the problem of large optical fiber attenuation caused by hydrogen loss is avoided, and meanwhile, the shock resistance and the flattening performance of the optical cable are improved;
fourth, optimize the optical cable structure, reduce the complexity of the structure, reduce the risk of the optical cable joint;
fifthly, the optical cable size is reduced, the external dimension of the optical cable is reduced, and the construction difficulty and the manufacturing cost are reduced;
sixthly, copper wires are selected as feed filling units of the cable core, and fault early warning and fault positioning functions are realized on the premise of not influencing the external dimension of the product;
seventhly, distinguishing the flexible filling units by adopting a mode of identification, further distinguishing different light units, and better realizing the corresponding traceability of the submarine cable optical fiber;
the wear resistance and ultraviolet resistance of the submarine cable are improved by the outer PP rope layer, and the submarine cable is convenient to transport before and during installation;
ninth, asphalt coated on the outer PP rope layer and the armor layer improves the corrosion resistance of the submarine cable, and meets the requirements of laying on the seabed;
the use of the water-blocking tape and the water-blocking material improves the longitudinal water-blocking capacity of the submarine cable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein: 2-light unit, 4-insulating layer, 6-armor layer, 8-central reinforcement, 10-light unit, 12-optical fiber, 14-sleeve, 16-fiber paste, 18-feed filling unit, 20-flexible filling unit, 22-water blocking tape, 24-inner armor layer, 26-outer armor layer, 28-outer PP rope layer and 30-asphalt.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment discloses a large-core-number feeding submarine optical cable, which comprises a cable core 2, a water blocking tape 22 wrapped on the outer side of the cable core 2, an insulating layer 4 extruded on the outer side of the water blocking tape 22, an armor layer 6 twisted on the outer side of the insulating layer 4 by a cage winch, and an outer cover PP rope layer 28 twisted on the outer side of the armor layer 6 by the cage winch.
The cable core 2 comprises a central reinforcing member 8, at least three filling units and at least three light units 10, wherein the light units 10 are arranged on the outer side of the central reinforcing member 8 in a surrounding manner, and the filling units are arranged between every two light units 10 in the central reinforcing member 8 in the center; in the technical solution of the present embodiment, the light units 10 have four, and the four light units 10 are arranged around the outside thereof with the center reinforcing member 8 as the center; the four filling units are sequentially arranged between every two light units 10 by taking the central reinforcing piece 8 as the center, and the four filling units are sequentially arranged one feeding filling unit 18 and three flexible filling units 20.
In this embodiment, the feeding filling unit 18 is preferably a copper wire, the flexible filling unit 20 is a thin steel wire or aramid fiber extruded by an extruder, and the three flexible filling units 20 are respectively printed with different types of code-spraying marks for distinguishing different light units 10.
The light units 10 are twisted on the central reinforcing member 8 after being spirally formed, and the filling units are twisted between every two light units 10 after the twisting is finished after the spiral forming; specifically, the four optical units 10 are twisted on the central reinforcing member 8 by a back twist of a cage twisting machine, the feeding filling unit 18 and the flexible filling unit 20 are twisted between every two optical units 10 by the back twist of the cage twisting machine, and the feeding filling unit is manufactured by adopting a twice-forming twice-twisting process and a once-producing process. In the technical scheme of the embodiment, the center reinforcement 8 is preferably FRP, and compared with the traditional phosphating steel wire, the center reinforcement 8 in the technical scheme of the embodiment is preferably FRP, and has better bending performance and softness.
Each of the optical units 10 includes 36-48 optical fibers 12 and a stainless steel sleeve 14 covering all the optical fibers 12, and gaps between the optical fibers 12 in the sleeve 14 are filled with fiber paste 16, so that a single submarine cable can achieve (48×4=) 192 optical fibers 12 at most.
When the optical unit 10 and the filling unit are twisted, in order to avoid the influence of the performance of the submarine cable caused by the peripheral filling unit being extruded into the optical unit 10, in the technical scheme of the embodiment, the optical unit 10 and the filling unit are twisted on the central reinforcing member 8 once after being sequentially twisted, namely, by adopting a twice-forming and once-twisting process, the four optical units 10 are subjected to inner-layer spiral forming, the four filling units are subjected to outer-layer spiral forming, and the optical unit 10 and the inner layer and the outer layer of the filling unit after the spiral forming are twisted on the central reinforcing member 8 once.
In order to ensure that the filler units are always fitted in the slits of the light units 10, the twist pitches of the light units 10 and the filler units are the same and the twist directions are the same.
The gaps among the center reinforcement 8, the light unit 10 and the filling unit are filled with water blocking materials, and the water blocking materials are matched with the water blocking belt 22 to ensure the longitudinal water blocking performance of the submarine cable. Compared with the traditional water-blocking materials such as water-blocking yarns and water-blocking strips, the technical scheme of the embodiment preferably adopts the double-component mixed glue as the water-blocking material, wherein the double-component mixed glue comprises 80-90% by weight of emulsifiable polyol and 10-20% by weight of polymer plasticizer. The traditional water-blocking yarns and water-blocking tapes have large viscosity, so that gaps are difficult to fill fully; meanwhile, the water blocking effects of the water blocking yarns and the water blocking strips are derived from water blocking powder, the water blocking effect is achieved by utilizing the water swelling characteristic of the water blocking powder, however, the swelling effect of the water blocking powder is seriously affected by high-salinity seawater, the expansion coefficient is close to zero, and the water blocking effect is seriously affected. The water-blocking material preferably used in the technical scheme of the embodiment is 80-90% of emulsifiable polyol and 10-20% of polymer plasticizer by weight, the emulsifiable polyol and the polymer plasticizer are in a fluid state with small viscosity, the emulsifiable polyol and the polymer plasticizer are independently filled in the filling process, the fluid water-blocking material is easy to fill gaps fully, the emulsifiable polyol and the polymer plasticizer are mixed in the gaps and then are solidified, the water-blocking material has a very ideal water-blocking effect, the expansion effect of the solidified water-blocking material is not influenced by high-salinity seawater, and the water-blocking requirement of the deep-sea optical cable is met.
The armor 6 has an inner armor 24 and an outer armor 26, the inner armor 24 has a plurality of first twisted wires around the center reinforcement 8 and arranged outside the insulating layer 4, the outer armor 26 has a plurality of second twisted wires around the center reinforcement 8 and arranged outside the inner armor 24, and the wire diameter of the first twisted wires is smaller than or equal to the wire diameter of the second twisted wires.
The outer cover PP rope layer 28 is provided with a plurality of PP ropes which are arranged around the outer side of the outer armor layer by taking the central reinforcing member 8 as the center, asphalt 30 is coated among the stranded wires, the stranded wires and the PP ropes, the coated asphalt 30 improves the corrosion resistance of the submarine cable, and the submarine cable meets the laying requirement.
Example two
The present embodiment provides a large core number feeding submarine optical cable, which is different from the first embodiment in that: in this embodiment, the number of optical units 10 and filling units is six, and one feeding filling unit and five flexible filling units are arranged in the six filling units, so that 288 optical fibers 12 can be achieved (48×6=) at most by a single submarine cable in the technical scheme of this embodiment.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a submarine optical cable of big core number feed, includes cable core, cladding in the insulating layer in the cable core outside, cladding in the armor in the insulating layer outside, its characterized in that: the cable core comprises a central reinforcing part, at least three filling units and at least three light units, wherein the light units are arranged on the outer side of the central reinforcing part in a surrounding manner by taking the central reinforcing part as a center, and the filling units are arranged between every two light units by taking the central reinforcing part as a center;
the light units are stranded on the central reinforcing piece, and the filling units are stranded between every two light units; the optical units are twisted on the central reinforcing piece after being spirally formed, and the filling units are twisted between every two optical units after the twisting is finished after being spirally formed, wherein the twisting pitches of the optical units and the filling units are the same, and the twisting directions are the same;
each optical unit comprises a plurality of optical fibers and a sleeve for coating all the optical fibers, and gaps among the optical fibers in the sleeve are filled with fiber paste;
the filling unit at least comprises a feed filling unit;
the gaps among the central reinforcing piece, the light units and the filling units are filled with water-blocking materials, and the water-blocking materials comprise 80-90% of emulsifiable polyol and 10-20% of polymer plasticizer.
2. The high core count feeder submarine cable according to claim 1, wherein: the light units are twisted on the central reinforcing piece after being spirally formed, and the filling units are twisted between every two light units after the twisting is finished after the filling units are spirally formed.
3. The high core count feeder submarine cable according to claim 1, wherein: the twisting pitch of the light unit and the filling unit is the same, and the twisting direction is the same.
4. The high core count feeder submarine cable according to claim 1, wherein: the cable core comprises six light units and six filling units, the six light units are arranged on the outer side of the cable core in a surrounding mode by taking a central reinforcing piece as a center, and the six filling units are sequentially arranged between every two light units by taking the central reinforcing piece as a center.
5. The high core count feeder submarine cable according to claim 4, wherein: each light unit has 36-48 optical fibers.
6. The high core count feeder submarine cable according to claim 4, wherein: the filling unit is provided with a feeding filling unit and a plurality of flexible filling units, the feeding filling unit and the flexible filling units are sequentially arranged between every two light units, and each flexible filling unit is provided with an identification mark.
7. The high core count feeder submarine cable according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: a water blocking belt is further arranged between the insulating layer and the cable core, the water blocking belt is coated on the outer side of the cable core, and the insulating layer is coated on the outer side of the water blocking belt.
8. The high core count feeder submarine cable according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the armor has inside and outside cladding's interior armor and outer armor, interior armor has around the many first stranded metal wires of arranging in the insulating layer outside with center reinforcement as the center, outer armor has around the many second stranded metal wires of arranging in the inner armor outside with center reinforcement, the wire diameter of first stranded metal wire is less than or equal to the wire diameter of second stranded metal wire.
9. The high core count feeder submarine cable according to claim 8, wherein: the outer side of the armor layer is also coated with an outer PP rope layer, the outer PP rope layer is provided with a plurality of PP ropes which are arranged on the outer side of the outer armor layer in a surrounding mode by taking a central reinforcing piece as a center, and asphalt is coated among the stranded metal wires, between the stranded metal wires and the PP ropes and among the PP ropes.
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CN201710428551.1A CN107179586B (en) | 2017-06-08 | 2017-06-08 | Large-core-number feed submarine optical cable |
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CN201710428551.1A CN107179586B (en) | 2017-06-08 | 2017-06-08 | Large-core-number feed submarine optical cable |
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CN107179586B true CN107179586B (en) | 2024-02-20 |
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CN109856741A (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-06-07 | 江苏亨通海洋光网系统有限公司 | A kind of two way feed submarine optical fiber cable |
CN112630906B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-09-27 | 中天科技海缆股份有限公司 | Submarine optical cable and manufacturing method and splicing method thereof |
CN113314261B (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2022-08-16 | 中天科技海缆股份有限公司 | Flexible direct current submarine cable |
CN116009159A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2023-04-25 | 中天科技海缆股份有限公司 | Dynamic submarine optical cable |
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BR0116625A (en) * | 2000-12-28 | 2003-12-23 | Pirelli | Optical cable |
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CN2775695Y (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2006-04-26 | 江苏亨通光电股份有限公司 | Special optical cable for laying in shallow sea |
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