CN107179097B - Optical fiber interference type sensing modulation-demo-demodulation method and device based on phase shift signal modulation - Google Patents
Optical fiber interference type sensing modulation-demo-demodulation method and device based on phase shift signal modulation Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
- G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
- G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of optical fiber interference type sensing modulation-demo-demodulation methods and device based on phase shift signal modulation, including laser light source, isolator, phase-modulator, 2x2 coupler, reference arm, signal arm, Faraday mirror, signal generator, photoelectric converter, data acquisition module, data processing module and micro-vibration platform, utilize the high-speed pulse phase-modulation to laser light source, the generation of multichannel phase shift signal is realized in the output end of fibre optical sensor, the demodulation method for cooperating multichannel Phase-shifting algorithm realizes the vibration phase demodulation of fibre optical sensor.The modulation-demo-demodulation method optical path is simple, and demodulator circuit is simple, and real-time is high, and precision is high, and dynamic range is wide, and environment resistant interference performance is strong.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber sensing, and in particular to a kind of optical fiber interference type biography based on phase shift signal modulation
Feel modulation-demo-demodulation method and device.
Background technique
As the mankind are to energy increasing need, the resources such as oil and gas are increasingly in short supply, and exploitation of oil-gas field closes
The research of key technology increasingly attracts people's attention, and geophone is the core apparatus in geophysical exploration, it can handle
The movement of ground machine caused by exploding is converted into electric signal, plays an important role in oil exploration, current traditional earthquake
The disadvantages of that there are dynamic ranges is small for wave detector, and sensitivity is low, poor anti jamming capability, this constrains high-resolution to a certain extent
The development of seismic exploration technique.Compared with traditional detector, fibre optical sensor have light-weight, electromagnetism interference, high sensitivity,
Securely and reliably, corrosion-resistant, many advantages, such as distributed measurement can be carried out, be easy to networking, have been applied in oil temperature and pressure
Power measurement, oil pipeline monitoring, logging technique, seismic wave monitoring etc. show huge advantage in terms of oil exploration.
Phase detection techniques are one of key technologies of fibre optical sensor.The mankind are sequentially with a variety of detection methods.Its
It is current with most wide one of demodulation method that middle phase, which generates carrier wave (PGC) method,.PGC Carrier wave does not need to add in interferometer
Full light may be implemented in any device, system, is also convenient for being multiplexed, this is a kind of important side that large-scale optical fiber hydrophone system uses
Case.But this method processing of circuit is complicated, can bring interlock circuit noise, phase-modulation but because the frequency spectrum of sideband signals generally all
It is no limit for width, so also having carried out being filtering to essence to the marginal portion of the frequency spectrum of measured signal when being filtered
True measuring signal must just increase the frequency of carrier wave and improve the performance of low-pass filter.In addition, the change of phase-modulation amplitude
The disturbance of the extraneous factors such as change also will affect the precision of the measurement method.Simultaneously as the limitation of the modulating frequency of laser light source,
Ensure that PGC modulation depth reaches 2.4 radians simultaneously, big optical path difference is interfered in its general requirement.In this way, even if lesser source
Frequency jitter can produce the interferometer of a big phase noise.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of optical fiber interference types based on phase shift signal modulation to sense modulation-demo-demodulation method
And device, solve conventional phase detection technique vulnerable to interference, requirements for hardware is high, the slow problem of computing speed.
The technical solution for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows: a kind of optical fiber interference type sensing tune based on phase shift signal modulation
Demodulation method processed, method and step are as follows:
Step 1 opens laser light source and micro-vibration platform, and the light that laser light source issues successively passes through isolator and phase-modulation
Device forms phase modulated laser beam.
Step 2 passes through coupler by the laser beam of phase-modulation, while entering its reference arm and signal arm, reference
Arm and signal arm are arranged on micro-vibration platform, if a length of L of reference arm1, a length of L of signal arm2, and L1<L2, signal arm and reference arm
End is connect with Faraday mirror respectively, after the reflection of Faraday mirror, returns to coupler, generates interference letter through coupler
Number, and export from the output end of coupler to photoelectric converter, photoelectric converter receives interference signal, if light is by reference to arm
Time is t1, the time that light passes through signal arm is t2, time difference Δ t=t2-t1, then interference light intensity I (t) such as following formula
If the vibration period of vibration signal is TS, the cycle T < < T of pulse-modulated signalS, it is believed that 0 < t < T this
In period, vibration signal remains unchanged in time domain；K is integer, and T indicates the period of pulse signal, and τ is a cycle internal modulation
Pulse width be τ ns；It enables and closes phaseWhereinFor initial phase,For drift about phase,Indicate vibration
Dynamic signal phase.
Interference signal is converted to light intensity electric signal, data collecting module collected light intensity telecommunications by step 3, photoelectric converter
Number, and it is sent to data processing module, data processing module is come by the delay of calibration phase modulated signal and reception signal
Obtain the light intensity signal I of three tunnel phase shifts1, I2, I3, then have
According to three step Phase-shifting algorithms, solve
Step 4, the initial DC phase for removing θ and drift phase, demodulate continuous vibration signal phase
A kind of device of the optical fiber interference type sensing modulation-demo-demodulation method based on phase shift signal modulation, including laser light source,
Isolator, phase-modulator and coupler, Faraday mirror, signal generator, photoelectric converter, data acquisition module, number
According to processing module and micro-vibration platform, wherein laser light source, isolator, phase-modulator and coupler are sequentially connected by optical fiber,
The reference arm and signal arm of coupler are connect with Faraday mirror respectively, and reference arm and signal arm are arranged at micro-vibration platform
On, signal generator is connect with phase-modulator, and the output end of coupler is connect by optical fiber with photoelectric converter, data acquisition
Module is connect with photoelectric converter and data processing module respectively.
The light that the laser light source issues successively passes through isolator and phase-modulator, and signal generator generates high-speed pulse
Signal provides the phase-modulation of pi/2 to phase-modulator, forms phase modulated laser beam；By swashing for phase-modulation
Light light beam passes through coupler, while entering its reference arm and signal arm, after the reflection of Faraday mirror, returns to coupler, warp
Coupler generates interference signal, and exports from the output end of coupler to photoelectric converter, and photoelectric converter turns interference signal
It is changed to light intensity electric signal, data collecting module collected light intensity electric signal, and is sent to data processing module, is demodulated continuous
Vibration signal phase
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage is: (1) being carried out using high-speed pulse signal to laser light source
Phase internal modulation realizes multichannel phase shift signal in output end using the reference arm of coupler and the characteristic of signal arm length difference
It generates, is conducive to quickly resolve phase information.
(2) structure is simple, and precision is high, and signal-to-noise ratio is high, and environment resistant interference performance is strong, does not need to carry out low-pass filtering, improve
The real-time of algorithm.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the apparatus structure that the optical fiber interference type of the invention based on phase shift signal modulation senses modulation-demo-demodulation method shows
It is intended to.
Fig. 2 is the signal graph of reference arm, signal arm and photoelectric converter in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is reference arm
Phase and time chart, (b) be signal arm phase and time chart, (c) for photoelectric converter light intensity and the time
Relational graph.
Fig. 3 is the three groups of phase shift interference signal light intensity acquired in the embodiment of the present invention and time chart, wherein (a) is I1
Phase shift interference signal light intensity and time chart, (b) be I2Phase shift interference signal light intensity and time chart, (c) be I3's
Phase shift interference signal light intensity and time chart.
Fig. 4 is the vibration signal phase demodulated in the embodiment of the present inventionInformation.
Specific embodiment
Present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of optical fiber interference type sensing modulation-demo-demodulation method based on phase shift signal modulation, method and step is such as
Under:
Step 1 opens laser light source 1 and micro-vibration platform 12, and the light that laser light source 1 issues successively passes through isolator 2 and phase
Position modulator 3, forms phase modulated laser beam.
Laser light source (1) exports after phase-modulation, can be expressed as
E in formula0Indicate the power amplitude of laser light source 1, v0Indicating the centre frequency of laser light source 1, t indicates the propagation time,It indicates the phase modulated through high-speed pulse, generates the phase-modulation of pi/2, the pulse width of one period internal modulation is τ
ns。
Step 2 passes through coupler 4 by the laser beam of phase-modulation, while entering its reference arm 6 and signal arm 5, point
Not Xing Cheng reference light and signal light, reference arm 6 and signal arm 5 are arranged on micro-vibration platform 12, if a length of L of reference arm 61, signal
The a length of L of arm 52, and L1<L2, signal arm 5 and 6 end of reference arm connect with Faraday mirror 7 respectively, reference light and signal light point
Not after the reflection of Faraday mirror 7, coupler 4 is returned, generates interference signal through coupler 4, and from the output end of coupler 4
Output to photoelectric converter 9, photoelectric converter 9 receives interference signal, if light is t by reference to the time of arm 61, light passes through letter
The time of number arm 5 is t2, then having time difference Δ t
Wherein n indicates that medium refraction index, C indicate the spread speed of laser in a vacuum.
Interference light intensity I (the t that photoelectric converter 9 receives1, Δ t) can be expressed as
Wherein A, B are constant, and have B=KA, K < 1, and K is visibility of interference fringes,For initial phase,For drift
Phase,Indicate vibration signal phase,To modulate phase.
It is the pi/2 phase modulation generated by high-speed pulse signal, expression is
Wherein 0 < τ < T, k are integer, and T indicates the period of pulse signal.
When there is extraneous vibration, the variations of equivalent fiber lengths caused by vibration and signal arm 6 and reference arm 5 it is initial
Length difference is compared to that can ignore, i.e. the variation of Δ t can be ignored, the duty ratio of control wave, so that τ=Δ t, enables and close phase
PositionThen interference light intensity I (t) can be equivalent to following formula
If the vibration period of vibration signal is TS, cycle T < < T of pulse-modulated signalS, it is believed that 0 < t < T this when
In section, vibration signal remains unchanged in time domain.
Interference signal is converted to light intensity electric signal by step 3, photoelectric converter 9, and data acquisition module 10 acquires light intensity electricity
Signal, and it is sent to data processing module 10, data processing module 10 is by calibration phase modulated signal and receives signal
Delay, to obtain the interference light intensity signal I of three tunnel phase shifts1, I2, I3, then have
According to three step Phase-shifting algorithms, solve
Step 4, the initial DC phase for removing θ and drift phase, demodulate continuous vibration signal phase
In conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of device of the optical fiber interference type sensing modulation-demo-demodulation method based on phase shift signal modulation, including swash
Radiant 1, isolator 2, phase-modulator 3 and coupler 4, Faraday mirror 7, signal generator 8, photoelectric converter 9, number
According to acquisition module 10, data processing module 11 and micro-vibration platform 12, wherein laser light source 1, isolator 2, phase-modulator 3 and coupling
Clutch 4 is sequentially connected by optical fiber, and the reference arm 6 and signal arm 5 of coupler 4 are connect with Faraday mirror 7 respectively, reference arm
6 and signal arm 5 be arranged on micro-vibration platform 12, signal generator 8 is connect with phase-modulator 3, and the output end of coupler 4 is logical
It crosses optical fiber to connect with photoelectric converter 9, data acquisition module 10 is connect with photoelectric converter 9 and data processing module 11 respectively.
The light that the laser light source 1 issues successively passes through isolator 2 and phase-modulator 3, and signal generator 8 generates high speed
Pulse signal provides the phase-modulation of pi/2 to phase-modulator 3, forms phase modulated laser beam；By phase-modulation
Laser beam pass through coupler 4, while enter its reference arm 6 and signal arm 5, through Faraday mirror 7 reflection after, return coupling
Clutch 4 generates interference signal through coupler 4, and exports from the output end of coupler 4 to photoelectric converter 9, photoelectric converter 9
Interference signal is converted into light intensity electric signal, data acquisition module 10 acquires light intensity electric signal, and is sent to data processing mould
Block 11 demodulates continuous vibration signal phase
The coupler 4 uses 2x2 coupler, and 6 length of reference arm is less than 5 length of signal arm.
The data processing module 11 obtains closing phase theta by three step Phase-shifting algorithms, and remove θ initial DC phase and
Drift phase, demodulates continuous vibration signal phase
Embodiment 1
Experiment tests certain vibration information of fiber optic Michelson sensor at 100Hz, reference arm 6 and signal arm 5
Length difference is 2.8m, and the frequency of sampling time 0.02s, modulated square wave are 1MHz, and the pulse width of a cycle internal modulation is
28ns, measuring device is as shown in Figure 1, its measuring process are as follows:
Step 1 opens micro-vibration platform 12, and micro-vibration platform carries out the rule vibration of sinusoid at 100Hz.Open laser light
Source 1, the light that laser light source 1 issues successively pass through isolator 2 and phase-modulator 3, and it is 1MHz's that signal generator 8, which generates frequency,
High-speed pulse signal provides the phase-modulation of pi/2 to phase-modulator 3, forms phase modulated laser beam；
Step 2 passes through coupler 4 by the laser beam of phase-modulation, while entering its reference arm 6 and signal arm 5, point
Not Xing Cheng reference light and signal light, through Faraday mirror 7 reflection after, through coupler 4 generate interference signal, photoelectric converter 9
Receive interference signal
Step 3, data acquisition module 10 acquire the light intensity electric signal generated by photoelectric converter 9, and are sent to data
Processing module 11, data processing module 11 is by calibration phase modulated signal and the delay for receiving signal, to obtain three Lu Yixiang
Interference light intensity signal.
Step 4, the initial DC phase for removing θ and drift phase, demodulate continuous vibration signal phase
In conjunction with Fig. 2~Fig. 4, the present embodiment realizes the measurement to phase oscillation signal by a series of measure.Finally
It is consistent that the phase acquired and micro-vibration platform make the phase generated when sinusoidal vibration, shows that this method is simple and practical, and measurement accuracy is high,
Strong antijamming capability, real-time are high.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of optical fiber interference type based on phase shift signal modulation senses modulation-demo-demodulation method, which is characterized in that method and step is such as
Under:
Step 1 opens laser light source (1) and micro-vibration platform (12), and the light that laser light source (1) issues successively passes through isolator (2)
With phase-modulator (3), phase modulated laser beam is formed；
Step 2 passes through coupler (4) by the laser beam of phase-modulation, while entering its reference arm (6) and signal arm (5),
Reference arm (6) and signal arm (5) are arranged on micro-vibration platform (12), if reference arm (6) a length of L1, signal arm (5) a length of L2, and
L1< L2, signal arm (5) and reference arm (6) end connect with Faraday mirror (7) respectively, reflect through Faraday mirror (7)
Afterwards, coupler (4) are returned to, generates interference signal through coupler (4), and export to photoelectric conversion from the output end of coupler (4)
Device (9), photoelectric converter (9) receive interference signal, if light is t by reference to the time of arm (6)1, light passes through signal arm (5)
Time is t2, time difference Δ t=t2-t1, then interference light intensity I (t) such as following formula
If the vibration period of vibration signal is TS, the cycle T < < T of pulse-modulated signalS, it is believed that 0 < t < T this when
In section, vibration signal remains unchanged in time domain；K is integer, and T indicates the period of pulse signal, and τ is a cycle internal modulation
Pulse width is τ ns；It enables and closes phaseWhereinFor initial phase,For drift about phase,Indicate vibration
Signal phase；
Interference signal is converted to light intensity electric signal by step 3, photoelectric converter (9), and data acquisition module (10) acquires light intensity electricity
Signal, and data processing module (11) are sent to, data processing module (11) is by calibration phase modulated signal and receives letter
Number delay, to obtain the light intensity signal I of three tunnel phase shifts1, I2, I3, then have
According to three step Phase-shifting algorithms, solve
Step 4, the initial DC phase for removing θ and drift phase, demodulate continuous vibration signal phase
2. the optical fiber interference type according to claim 1 based on phase shift signal modulation senses modulation-demo-demodulation method, feature
It is: in the step 1, generates high-speed pulse signal by signal generator (8), provide the phase of pi/2 to phase-modulator (3)
Modulation, the pulse width of a cycle internal modulation are τ ns.
3. the optical fiber interference type according to claim 1 based on phase shift signal modulation senses modulation-demo-demodulation method, feature
Be: in the step 2, the length difference of reference arm (6) and signal arm (5) is Δ L, and is metWherein n is optical fiber Jie
Matter refractive index, c are light spread speed in a vacuum.
4. the optical fiber interference type according to claim 1 based on phase shift signal modulation senses modulation-demo-demodulation method, feature
Be: the coupler (4) uses 2x2 coupler.
5. a kind of device of the optical fiber interference type sensing modulation-demo-demodulation method based on phase shift signal modulation, it is characterised in that: including
Laser light source (1), isolator (2), phase-modulator (3) and coupler (4), Faraday mirror (7), signal generator (8),
Photoelectric converter (9), data acquisition module (10), data processing module (11) and micro-vibration platform (12), wherein laser light source
(1), isolator (2), phase-modulator (3) and coupler (4) are sequentially connected by optical fiber, the reference arm (6) of coupler (4) and
Signal arm (5) is connect with Faraday mirror (7) respectively, and reference arm (6) and signal arm (5) are arranged at micro-vibration platform (12)
On, signal generator (8) is connect with phase-modulator (3), and the output end of coupler (4) passes through optical fiber and photoelectric converter (9)
Connection, data acquisition module (10) are connect with photoelectric converter (9) and data processing module (11) respectively；
The light that the laser light source (1) issues successively passes through isolator (2) and phase-modulator (3), and signal generator (8) generates
High-speed pulse signal provides the phase-modulation of pi/2 to phase-modulator (3), forms phase modulated laser beam；By phase
The laser beam of position modulation passes through coupler (4), while entering its reference arm (6) and signal arm (5), through Faraday mirror
(7) it after reflecting, returns coupler (4), generates interference signal through coupler (4), and export to light from the output end of coupler (4)
Interference signal is converted to light intensity electric signal by electric transducer (9), photoelectric converter (9), and data acquisition module (10) acquires light intensity
Electric signal, and data processing module (11) are sent to, demodulate continuous vibration signal phase
The coupler (4) uses 2x2 coupler, and reference arm (6) length is less than signal arm (5) length；
The data processing module (11) obtains closing phase theta by three step Phase-shifting algorithms, and removes the initial DC phase and drift of θ
Phase shift demodulates continuous vibration signal phase
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| CN110840419A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-28 | 复旦大学 | Human body pulse wave measuring method based on optical fiber interference |
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| CN112729572B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-11-30 | 南通大学 | Multi-step phase-shifting phase detection method with modulation error self-elimination function |
| CN114353970B (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2024-03-29 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Initial phase modulation method and modulation device for multiphase detection of optical fiber interferometer |
| CN114812788A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-07-29 | 安徽至博光电科技股份有限公司 | Low-cost vibration measurement system and method |
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| 《双频激光干涉仪相位差测量系统的设计》;董洪波等;《信息技术》;20131231(第2期);全文 * |
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