CN107178468A - Control method, control system and the wind turbine of wind turbine operation - Google Patents
Control method, control system and the wind turbine of wind turbine operation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107178468A CN107178468A CN201610135642.1A CN201610135642A CN107178468A CN 107178468 A CN107178468 A CN 107178468A CN 201610135642 A CN201610135642 A CN 201610135642A CN 107178468 A CN107178468 A CN 107178468A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
- F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0276—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling rotor speed, e.g. variable speed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/028—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/32—Wind speeds
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for controlling wind turbine operation.This method includes：Determine the atmospheric density of the wind turbine position；Obtain the wind speed of wind turbine position；Turbulence intensity is estimated based in part on the wind speed；Enhancer is determined according to the turbulence intensity of the atmospheric density and the estimation；At least one control parameter is determined according to the specified operational factor and the enhancer of the wind turbine；And wind turbine is controlled based in part on the control parameter.The invention also discloses for controlling the control system of wind turbine and wind turbine with the control system.
Description
Technical field
Have the present invention relates to a kind of method and control system that control wind turbine to run, and one kind
The wind turbine of the control system.
Background technology
Nowadays, wind turbine is closed extensively as environment-friendly, relatively inexpensive fungible energy source
Note.Therefore, people have paid very big effort in terms of the reliable efficient wind turbine of research and development.
Generally, a wind turbine, which includes one, has mutliblade head.Head is installed in cabin
On, cabin is located at framework top or cylindrical shape tower top.The other wind turbine of utility grade (is such as transmission of electricity
Net provides the wind turbine of electric power) there is larger head (such as length is more than or equal to 30 meters).
In addition, wind turbine is typically installed at least 60 meters high towers.Blade on head turns wind energy
Rotating torque or rotatory force are changed into, to be driven through generator of the gearbox rotatable connection on head.Become
The rotating speed of the originally slower turbine head of fast case increase, is efficiently converted into electric energy, and be supplied to by mechanical energy
Power transmission network.The power output of generator increases and increased with wind speed, until reaching rated power and/or generating
Untill machine rotating speed reaches rated speed.
During normal operation, the wind turbine function with complex control system keeps the speed and power of stabilization.
The initial design of wind turbine control system uses such as IEC 61400 standard.Standard control system
System is typically controlled according to the ambient conditions of standard, can not cover the place of wind turbine installation
All ambient conditions.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a kind of solution for solving the above problems.
The content of the invention
One aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for controlling wind turbine operation.This method bag
Include：Determine the atmospheric density of the wind turbine position；Obtain wind turbine position
Wind speed；Turbulence intensity is estimated based in part on the wind speed；According to the atmospheric density and the estimation
Turbulence intensity determine enhancer；According to the specified operational factor of the wind turbine and the enhancing
The factor determines at least one control parameter；And wind turbine is controlled based in part on the control parameter
Machine.
Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of control system for controlling wind turbine to run.Should
Control system includes：Atmospheric density determining unit, for determining the sky of the wind turbine position
Air tightness；Wind speed obtaining unit, for obtaining the wind speed of wind turbine position；Turbulence intensity is estimated
Unit is calculated, for estimating turbulence intensity based in part on the wind speed；Enhancer determining unit, is used
To determine enhancer according to the turbulence intensity of the atmospheric density and the estimation；Run control unit,
Determine that at least one is controlled for the specified operational factor and the enhancer according to the wind turbine
Parameter, to control wind turbine based in part on the control parameter.
Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of wind turbine.The wind turbine includes：Machine
Cabin；Head, is connected to cabin and can be rotated relative to cabin；Control system, for determining the wind-force
The atmospheric density of turbine position；Obtain the wind speed of wind turbine position；At least part root
Turbulence intensity is estimated according to the wind speed；Determine to increase according to the atmospheric density and the turbulence intensity of the estimation
The strong factor；And the specified operational factor and the enhancer according to the wind turbine determine at least one
Individual control parameter；And generator, it is connected in cabin and with control system, the generator is extremely
Small part is run according to the control parameter.
Brief description of the drawings
By being described with reference to accompanying drawing for embodiments of the present invention, the present invention may be better understood,
In the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 show the perspective view of one embodiment of wind turbine of the present invention；
Fig. 2 show the partial sectional view of one embodiment of a part for wind turbine of the present invention；
Fig. 3 show the theory diagram of one embodiment of wind turbine of the present invention；
Fig. 4 show the principle frame of one embodiment of the processor of wind turbine control system of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 5 show the flow chart of one embodiment of the method for present invention control wind turbine operation；
And
Fig. 6 show the sub-process figure for the step of enhancer is determined in Fig. 5.
Embodiment
To help those skilled in the art definitely to understand theme claimed of the invention, under
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to accompanying drawing in face.Below to these embodiments
In detailed description, it is unnecessary to avoid that some known functions or construction are not described in detail this specification
Details and have influence on the present invention disclosure.
Unless otherwise defined, the claims and technical term used in the description or section are academic
Language should be the ordinary meaning that the personage with general technical ability is understood in the technical field of the invention.This
" first ", " second " and similar word used in specification and claims not table
Show any order, quantity or importance, and be used only to distinguish different parts." one " or
The similar words such as person " one " are not offered as quantity limitation, but represent there is at least one." comprising " or
The similar words such as person's " having " mean to appear in element before " comprising " or " having " or
Object, which is covered, appears in " comprising " or the element or object of " having " presented hereinafter and its equivalent member
Part, it is not excluded that other elements or object.The similar word such as " connection " or " connected " is not limited
Due to physics or machinery connection, but electrical connection can be included, either directly still
Indirectly.
" blade (blade) " in text refers to the device that reaction force is provided during any fluid relative operating.
In the present invention, " wind turbine (wind turbine) " refers to any dress for converting wind energy into and rotating energy
Put, more in more detail, i.e., kinetic energy is converted into mechanical energy." wind-driven generator (wind in the present invention
Turbine generator) " refer to that any rotation for producing wind energy can be converted into the wind turbine of electric energy,
In more detail, it is that the mechanical energy for converting kinetic energy is then converted to electric energy.
Fig. 1 show the perspective view of one embodiment of wind turbine 10.Fig. 2 show an implementation
The partial sectional view of a part for the wind turbine 10 of example.The wind turbine 10 of diagram is wind-force hair
Motor, transforms wind energy into electric energy.And, it is illustrated that wind turbine 10 include horizontal axle construction, and
In certain embodiments, wind turbine 10 includes horizontal axle construction and/or perpendicular shaft configuration (not shown).
Wind turbine 10 can be connected and (do not represent in Fig. 1) with electric loading, such as, but not limited to power network,
Electrical energy drive wind turbine 10 and/or its related elements can be obtained from electric loading, and/or are carried
Electric energy is produced to electric loading for wind turbine 10.Although illustrate only a wind-force whirlpool in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2
Turbine 10, but multiple wind turbines 10 can link together in certain embodiments, sometimes by
Referred to as " wind power plant ".
Wind turbine 10 includes cabin (nacelle) 12, is connected and around the phase of rotary shaft 20 with cabin 12
The head 14 rotated to cabin 12.In one embodiment, cabin 12 is installed on tower 16.Tower
16 height can any can make the height of the normal operation of wind turbine 10.Head 14 includes wheel hub
22 and multiple blades 24 (sometimes referred to as " propeller ").From wheel hub 22, shape prolongs blade 24 radially outward
Stretch, for wind energy is converted into rotation energy.Although the head 14 described in the present invention has three blades 24,
But the actual quantity of the blade 24 on head 14 can arbitrarily be set.The length of blade 24 can be any
The length of the normal operation of wind turbine 10 can be made.
Except the blade 24 shown in Fig. 1, blade 24 can be any shape, type and/or arbitrary structures,
No matter whether these shapes, species and/or structure are as described in this text.Another shape, species
And/or the blade 24 of structure can be darrieus (Darrieus) wind turbine, also sometimes referred to as " beat
Egg machine " turbine.The blade 24 of also another shape, species and/or structure can be Sa Woniusi
(Savonius) wind turbine.In addition, in certain embodiments, the head on wind turbine 10
14 can place to utilize wind energy against the wind or with the wind.Certainly, in certain embodiments, head 14 is not
Directly against the wind and/or place with the wind, wind may be utilized towards any angle (variable) relative to wind direction
Energy.
Reference picture 2, wind turbine 10 includes a generator 26 being connected on head 14, by machine
First 14 rotations produced can be converted into electric energy.Generator 26 can be any kind of generator, such as
Wound electromagnetic influence generator, double-fed generator (DFIG, also referred to as double-fed type asynchronous generator),
Permanent magnet (PM) asynchronous generator, electric excitation asynchronous generator, and switch reluctance generator.Generate electricity
Machine 26 includes stator (not shown) and rotor (not shown), is free air bound to open between the two.Head 14
Including the rotating shaft 28 being connected with wheel hub 22.Generator 26 is connected with rotating shaft 28, and the rotation of rotating shaft 28 drives
The rotation of generator amature, so as to drive the operating of generator 26.In inventive embodiments, generator turns
Son has the generator shaft 30 being connected with rotor and rotating shaft 28, so that rotating shaft 28 drives generator amature rotation
Turn.In other embodiments, generator amature is connected directly between in rotating shaft 28, sometimes referred to as " straight
Connect excitation wind turbine ".In certain embodiments, generator shaft 30 passes through gearbox with rotating shaft 28
32 connections.In further embodiments, generator shaft 30 is directly connected to rotating shaft 28.
The torque actuated generator amature that head 14 is produced, so as to produce the alternating current of variable frequency.Generate electricity
Machine 26 has the air gap torque between rotor and stator, the air gap torque and turning that head 14 is produced
Square is opposite.Power inverter 34 is connected with generator 26, for variable frequency alternating current is transformed into
The alternating current of fixed frequency there is provided (not representing) in fig. 2 to electric loading, such as, but not limited to generating
The power network (not representing in fig. 2) that machine 26 is connected.In one embodiment, power inverter 34 includes
One single phase converter or multiphase converter, are converted into being adapted to power network for the electric energy that produces generator 26
The electric energy of transport.In one embodiment, power inverter 34 can include an AC-AC
(AC-AC) converter.In another embodiment, power inverter 34 can include an exchange
- direct current (AC-DC) converter and DC-AC (DC-AC) converter, AC-DC converter and
DC-DC converter is connected by dc bus (DC Link).Power inverter 34 can also be claimed
For frequency converter.Power inverter 34 can be placed on from anywhere in wind turbine, no matter far and near.
Such as, power inverter 34 can be in the base of tower 16 (not shown).
In certain embodiments, wind turbine 10 includes rotor limiter of speed, such as disk brake 36.
Disk brake 36 is used for preventing the rotation of head 14, such as slows down the rotating speed of head 14, brakes head
14 toward wind-force torque opposite direction rotate, and/or reduce power generator 26 generation electric energy.In addition,
In certain embodiments, wind turbine 10 includes yaw system 38, for making cabin 12 around the shaft 40
Rotate, so that head 14 is gone off course, in more detail, machine is adjusted for changing the direction of head 14
Angle between first 14 direction and wind direction.
In one embodiment, wind turbine 10 includes pitch-controlled system 42, for controlling (such as to change
Become) blade 24 (as depicted in figs. 1 and 2) relative to wind direction change vane angle (pitch angle).Control
System 44 can be connected with pitch-controlled system 42, to control the running of pitch-controlled system 42.Pitch-controlled system 42 with
Wheel hub 22 is connected with blade 24, for by changing blade 24 relative to the rotating vane 24 of wheel hub 22
Change vane angle.Pitch brake (pitch actuator) can include any suitable structure, configuration, cloth
Office, mode and/or composition, such as motor, hydraulic cylinder, spring and/or automaton.In addition,
Regardless of whether consistent with described in text, pitch brake can drive in any suitable manner, such as liquid
Hydraulic fluid, electric power, electrochemical power source and/or machine power, such as spring force.
Fig. 3 show the theory diagram of one embodiment of wind turbine 10.In the present embodiment, wind
Power turbine 10 includes one or more control systems 44, control system 44 and wind turbine 10
At least one part is connected, and comes overall control wind turbine 10 and/or the running of its part, no matter this
Whether a little parts were described herein.Such as, in the present embodiment, control system 44 and pitch-controlled system 42
Connection, carrys out overall control head 14.Again such as, in embodiment, control system 44 and generator 26
Connect to control generator 26.In the present embodiment, control system 44 is installed in the inside of cabin 12 (such as
Shown in Fig. 2), however, in addition, one or more control systems 44 can away from cabin 12 and/or
The miscellaneous part of wind turbine 10.Control system 44 can be used to monitor overall system, and control,
Including but not limited to, change oar and speed regulation, high speed shaft and yaw brake, driftage and pump motor, and/
Or failure monitoring.The control structure of other distributings or centralization can also be used in certain embodiments.
In one embodiment, wind turbine 10 includes some sensors, such as, sensor 50,
52 and/or 53.The parameter of the measurement of sensor 50,52 and/or 53 operation conditions, atmospheric condition etc..
Such as, sensor 50,52 and/or 53 can measure air themperature, the rotating speed of rotating shaft 28, generator
26 power output, the acceleration for becoming vane angle and/or tower 16 of blade 24.Each sensor 50,
52 and 53 can be single sensor or comprising multiple sensors.Sensor 50,52 and/or 53 can be with
It is no matter far and near installed in any suitable position that wind turbine 10 can be made to be operated by mode shown in text.
In certain embodiments, sensor 50,52 and/or 53 is connected with control system 44, to control system
44 send the detection signal for processing.
In certain embodiments, control system 44 includes bus 62 or other communication devices carry out transmission information.
One or more processors 64 are connected with bus 62 carrys out processing information, including sensor 50,52,
53 and/or other sensors collection information.Processor 64 includes at least one computer.In the present invention
In, " computer " is not limited only to the integrated circuit in computer, and should relate generally to processor, microcontroller,
Microcomputer, programmable controller (PLC), ASIC and other programmable electricity
Road etc..
Control system 44 includes one or more random access memory (RAM) 66 and/or other storage devices
68. random access memory 66 and storage device 68 are connected with bus 62, to store, change for processor 64
The information of processing and instruction.Random access memory 66 (and/or other storage devices) also can be used to store processing
The temporary variable or other average informations produced during the process instruction of device 64.Control system 44 can also be wrapped
One or more read-only storages (ROM) 70 and/or other static storage devices are included, are connected with bus 62
Connect, be that processor 64 provides static (such as constant) information and instruction.Processor 64 handles multiple
The information of Electrical and Electronic equipment (including but is not limited to speed and power sensor) transmission.It is performed
Instruction includes but is not limited to conventional conversion and/or comparator algorithm.The execution of the sequence of these instructions is not limited to
Any particular combination of hardware circuit and software instruction.
Control system 44 includes, or may connect to, input/output (Input/Output, I/O) equipment 72.
Input-output apparatus 72 includes any equipment that input and/or output data are provided for control system 44,
Output data is for example gone off course, and driving is exported, blade pitgh control is exported, generator control is exported and/or frequency conversion
Device control output.Instruction can be supplied to by storage device 68 by wired or wireless long-range connection deposits at random
Reservoir 66, storage device 68 includes disk, read-only storage integrated circuit, CD-ROM driver
And/or DVD (CD-ROM).In certain embodiments, hard-wired circuitry can replace or combine software
Instruction is used.Therefore, the execution of command sequence is not limited to any specific group of hardware circuit and software instruction
Close, whether described in the text.Also, in one embodiment, input-output apparatus 72 is wrapped
Include but be not limited to the computer peripheral related to operation interface, such as mouse and keyboard be not (in Fig. 3
It is middle to represent), or, other computer peripherals such as display (is not represented) in figure 3.In addition,
In one embodiment, other output channels potentially include operation interface monitor (not table in figure 3
Show).Control system 44 includes sensor interface 58, it is allowed to control system 44 and sensor 50,52,
53 and/or the mutual transmission information of other sensors.Sensor interface 58 includes one or more analog-to-digital conversions
Device, converts analog signals into the data signal that can be handled by processor 64.
Fig. 4 is the block diagram of one embodiment of the processor 64 of control system 44.Processor 64 includes sky
Air tightness determining unit 640, for determining the atmospheric density of the position of wind turbine 10.At one
In embodiment, atmospheric density passes through height above sea level and temperature computation.By one or more temperature sensor monitors wind
Air themperature around power generator 10.In addition, the height above sea level residing for wind turbine 10 can remembered
Record or the numerical value of storage.Therefore, using existing height above sea level the air pressure around generator can be calculated, and with
Ambient air temperature measured value, which is combined, calculates atmospheric density.Selectively, if any baroceptor, surrounding
Air pressure can directly measure and be combined to calculate atmospheric density with environment temperature measured value.In one embodiment,
Atmospheric density is calculated by expression formula (1)：
Wherein, ρ is atmospheric density.ρ0For the atmospheric density depressed in the normal atmosphere on sea level, it is typically
1.225 kilograms of every cubic metre of (kg/m3).P is the air pressure around the wind turbine 10 of the height of wheel hub 22.
p0For in the standard atmospheric pressure on sea level, typically 101325 handkerchiefs (Pa).T is the height of wheel hub 22
Air themperature around wind turbine 10.T0For the air themperature depressed in the normal atmosphere on sea level,
Typically 288.15 Kelvins (K).
Wind speed obtaining unit is used for obtaining the wind speed of the position of wind turbine 10.In the present embodiment,
Wind speed obtaining unit includes wind speed estimator 642, for being at least based on atmospheric density and one or more wind
The operational factor estimation wind speed of power turbine 10.Wind speed estimator 642 is also according to wind turbine 10
Model calculation of wind speed.In one embodiment, operational factor includes but is not limited to the hair of wind turbine 10
Power that the rotating speed of motor 26, generator 26 are produced and one of the blade 24 of wind turbine 10
Or multiple change vane angles.In one embodiment, operational factor can be measured by sensor 50,52 and/or 53.
Such as, in one embodiment, the rotating speed of generator 26 can be measured by sensor 50.In another reality
Apply in example, those operational factors can be calculated by other operational factors of wind turbine 10 and obtained.Such as,
The power output of generator 26 can based on generator 26 voltage and current calculate obtain.At another
In embodiment, operational factor also includes the acceleration of tower 16.Turbine model includes the actual wind-force whirlpool of correspondence
The model parameter of the parameter of turbine 10.In another embodiment, wind speed obtaining unit is included in wind-force whirlpool
The sensor of one or more monitoring wind speed around turbine 10.According to the wind speed monitored, it can calculate
To mean wind speed.
Turbulence intensity (turbulence intensity) evaluation unit 644, for estimating based in part on wind speed
Calculate turbulence intensity.Turbulence intensity can be estimated according to the wind speed of estimation, or be estimated according to the wind speed monitored
Calculate.The turbulence intensity value of estimation can be stored in number simultaneously with corresponding atmospheric density calculated value and air speed value
According to concentration.
Enhancer determining unit 646 is used for the atmospheric density determined according to atmospheric density determining unit 640
The turbulence intensity estimated with turbulence intensity evaluation unit 644 determines enhancer.In one embodiment,
Enhancer determining unit 646 is further utilized to determine with reference to turbulence intensity, according to reference to turbulence intensity and
The turbulence intensity of estimation determines turbulence intensity scale factor, and according to turbulence intensity scale factor and air
Density measurement enhancer.In one embodiment, enhancer determining unit 646 is used for inquiring about enhancing
The factor corresponds to the table of atmospheric density and turbulence intensity scale factor.Determine the method for enhancer follow-up
Described in detail in paragraph.
In one embodiment, enhancer numerical value is smoothened by low pass filter 648.Enhancing because
Son is supplied to operation control unit 649, and operation control unit 649 is used for the volume based on wind turbine 10
Determine operational factor and enhancer determines at least one control parameter, based in part on control parameter control
Wind turbine processed.In one embodiment, control parameter includes but is not limited to the rotating speed of generator 26 and referred to
Order and power instruction, specified operational factor include but is not limited to the rated speed and rated power of generator 26.
Control parameter is by the way that corresponding specified operational factor is multiplied determination with enhancer.For example, generator 26
Rotary speed instruction be to be determined by the way that the rated speed of generator 26 is multiplied with enhancer.Generator
26 power instruction is to be multiplied and determined with enhancer by the rated power of generator 26.Generate electricity
Machine 26 is run based in part on control parameter.Rotary speed instruction and power instruction pass through input-output apparatus
72 are supplied to generator 26 to control the generated energy of generator 26, increase the power of generator 26 with this
Output.So, the ability of wind turbine 10 is fully utilized.
Fig. 5 show the flow chart of one embodiment of the method 80 of control wind turbine operation.Square frame
In 801, the atmospheric density around wind turbine is determined.In one embodiment, atmospheric density can be according to
Determined according to the air themperature around wind turbine and height above sea level.In square frame 802, in an implementation
In example, wind speed can be estimated according to atmospheric density and the running status of wind turbine.In another embodiment
In, wind speed can be determined by sensor.In the present embodiment, in square frame 803, air speed data passes through
Filter obtains smooth numerical value.In another embodiment, the operation in square frame 803 can be omitted.
In square frame 804, turbulence intensity is estimated based in part on wind speed.In square frame 805, according to
Atmospheric density and the turbulence intensity of estimation determine enhancer.In one embodiment, in square frame 806,
The enhancer data smooth through being filtrated to get.
In square frame 807, control ginseng is determined according to the specified operational factor and enhancer of wind turbine
Number.Control parameter is by the way that corresponding specified operational factor is multiplied determination with enhancer.In an implementation
In example, control parameter includes the rotary speed instruction and power instruction of generator in hair wind turbine, specified fortune
Row parameter includes the rated speed and rated power of generator.In square frame 808, based in part on control
Parameter processed controls wind turbine.In one embodiment, wind turbine is controlled by control parameter
Machine, to increase the power of generator generation.
The subflow of the one embodiment for the step of being the determination enhancer in Fig. 5 square frames 805 shown in Fig. 6
Cheng Tu.Operation in square frame 805 includes the operation in square frame 811-813.In square frame 811, it is determined that
With reference to turbulence intensity.It is corresponding with wind speed with reference to turbulence intensity, such as corresponding to the square frame 802 in Fig. 5
Or 803 wind speed.
Specifically, in one embodiment, determine that wind speed parameter refers to turbulence intensity parameter accordingly, so
Determine to refer to turbulence intensity by interpolation method afterwards.At least joined with reference to turbulence intensity parameter based on corresponding wind speed
Number, turbine model, turbine operation conditions, the mechanical load of turbine and electric loading are determined.With reference to
Turbulence intensity parameter can be collectively stored in data set with corresponding wind speed parameter.With reference to turbulence intensity parameter
Can off line calculate and be previously stored.With reference to turbulence intensity parameter and corresponding wind speed parameter as shown in Table 1.
Table one
| With reference to turbulence intensity parameter | Wind speed parameter (m/s) |
| 0.171 | 8 |
| 0.163 | 9 |
| 0.158 | 10 |
| 0.153 | 11 |
| 0.149 | 12 |
| 0.145 | 13 |
| 0.143 | 14 |
| 0.14 | 15 |
| 0.138 | 16 |
| 0.136 | 17 |
| 0.134 | 18 |
| 0.133 | 19 |
| 0.131 | 20 |
| 0.13 | 21 |
| 0.129 | 22 |
| 0.128 | 23 |
| 0.127 | 24 |
| 0.126 | 25 |
The wind speed parameter of reference turbulence intensity parameter and integer value in table one is corresponded.It should be noted
It is that this example is only used for illustrating, however it is not limited to this.Can root with reference to turbulence intensity parameter and wind speed parameter
Set according to concrete application.
The corresponding reference turbulence intensity of wind speed of estimation can be determined according to expression formula (2) using interpolation method：
ReferenceTI=interpolate (parameterreferenceTI,Vaverage) (2)
Wherein, referenceTI is to refer to turbulence intensity, parameterreferenceTITo refer to turbulence intensity parameter, Vaverage
For the wind speed of estimation.
In square frame 812, turbulence intensity yardstick is determined according to the turbulence intensity with reference to turbulence intensity and estimation
The factor.The corresponding estimation turbulence intensity of wind speed of estimation divided by the wind speed of estimation are corresponding with reference to turbulence intensity
Obtain turbulence intensity scale factor.Turbulence intensity scale factor is represented with expression formula (3)：
Wherein, TISF is turbulence intensity scale factor.EstimatedTI is the turbulence intensity of estimation.
In one embodiment, if the wind speed of estimation is less than the 8m/s in minimum windspeed parameter, such as table 1,
Being used for reference to turbulence intensity of correspondence minimum windspeed parameter calculates turbulence intensity scale factor.If estimation
Wind speed is higher than the 25m/s in maximum wind velocity parameter, such as table 1, the reference turbulent flow of correspondence maximum wind velocity parameter
Intensity is used for calculating turbulence intensity scale factor.
In square frame 813, enhancer is determined according to turbulence intensity scale factor and atmospheric density.One
In individual embodiment, the step of determining enhancer includes inquiry enhancer and corresponds to atmospheric density and turbulent flow
The table of the intensity dimension factor.The table can off line determine and be previously stored.The table can pass through off line experimental design
(Design of Experiments, DoE) is obtained.
In one embodiment, turbulence intensity scale factor parameter, atmospheric density parameter and enhancer ginseng
Number is stored in inquiry table.Increasing when turbulence intensity scale factor parameter and corresponding atmospheric density are 0.95
Strong factor parameter is as shown in following table two.Turbulence intensity scale factor parameter and corresponding atmospheric density are 1.0
When enhancer parameter also as shown in following table two.
Table two
Table two only lists a part of data in inquiry table, inquiry table include more turbulence intensity yardsticks because
Enhancer parameter when subparameter and different atmospheric density.Data in table two are only an examples,
This is not limited to, turbulence intensity scale factor parameter and enhancer parameter can be set according to concrete application
It is fixed.According to turbulence intensity scale factor and atmospheric density in inquiry table, pass through bilinear interpolation determination pair
The enhancer for the wind speed that should be estimated.
In one embodiment, if the turbulence intensity scale factor determined in square frame 812 is strong less than turbulent flow
0.4 spent in the minimum value of scale factor parameter, such as table two, according to turbulence intensity scale factor parameter
Minimum value determines enhancer.If the turbulence intensity scale factor in square frame 812 is more than turbulence intensity chi
1.4 spent in the maximum of factor parameter, such as table two, according to the maximum of turbulence intensity scale factor parameter
Value determines enhancer.
In another embodiment, enhancer can be strong on atmospheric density, turbulent flow by enhancer
The four-dimensional nonlinear function of degree and wind speed, which is calculated, to be obtained.Enhancer inquiry table mentioned above and/or enhancing
The four-dimensional nonlinear function of the factor can be determined by the load during running of simulating wind turbine, be born
Carry in the maximum load under the wind regime for the wind turbine position for maintaining simulation.Four-dimensional non-linear letter
Number may also include the input of the situation of other one or more expression wind turbine positions, for example, cut
Cut coefficient (shear factor), up flow type angle (up-flow angle) and/or neighbouring wind turbine
Influence (wake impact) etc. is waken up, to obtain more accurately enhancer.
Operation in method 80 and 805 is illustrated in the form of functional block diagram, the block diagram in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6
The division of operation in sequencing and block diagram is not limited to the embodiment of diagram.For example, block diagram can be by
Performed according to different orders, the operation in a block diagram can be with the action in another or other multiple block diagrams
With reference to, or split into several sub- block diagrams.
Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to specific embodiment, the skill of this area
Art personnel are appreciated that can be so that many modifications may be made and modification to the present invention.It is therefore contemplated that, power
All such modifications and modification for being intended to be covered in true spirit of the present invention and scope of sharp claim.
Claims (20)
1. a kind of method for controlling wind turbine operation, it is characterised in that this method includes：
Determine the atmospheric density of the wind turbine position；
Obtain the wind speed of wind turbine position；
Turbulence intensity is estimated based in part on the wind speed；
Enhancer is determined according to the turbulence intensity of the atmospheric density and the estimation；
Determine that at least one is controlled according to the specified operational factor and the enhancer of the wind turbine
Parameter；And
Wind turbine is controlled based in part on the control parameter.
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step of determining enhancer includes：
It is determined that with reference to turbulence intensity, turbulent flow is determined based on the turbulence intensity with reference to turbulence intensity and the estimation
The intensity dimension factor, and the increasing is determined based on the turbulence intensity scale factor and the atmospheric density
The strong factor.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step of determining enhancer includes：
Inquire about the table that enhancer corresponds to atmospheric density and turbulence intensity scale factor.
4. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step of obtaining wind speed includes at least portion
Divide and the wind speed is estimated based on the atmospheric density.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：At least based on the wind turbine
One or more operational factors estimate the wind speed.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The operational factor includes wind turbine
Power that the rotating speed of the generator of machine, generator are produced and the blade of wind turbine it is one or more
Become vane angle.
7. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The control parameter includes wind turbine
The rotary speed instruction of the generator of machine and the power instruction of generator, specified operational factor include the volume of generator
Determine rotating speed and rated power.
8. a kind of control system for controlling wind turbine to run, it is characterised in that it includes：
Atmospheric density determining unit, for determining the atmospheric density of the wind turbine position；
Wind speed obtaining unit, for obtaining the wind speed of wind turbine position；
Turbulence intensity evaluation unit, for estimating turbulence intensity based in part on the wind speed；
Enhancer determining unit, for according to the atmospheric density and the determination of the turbulence intensity of the estimation
Enhancer；
Run control unit, for the specified operational factor according to the wind turbine and the enhancing because
Son determines at least one control parameter, to control wind turbine based in part on the control parameter.
9. control system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that：The enhancer determining unit
For determining with reference to turbulence intensity, determined based on described with reference to turbulence intensity and the turbulence intensity of the estimation
Turbulence intensity scale factor, and institute is determined based on the turbulence intensity scale factor and the atmospheric density
State enhancer.
10. control system as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that：The enhancer determines single
Member is used for inquiring about table of the enhancer corresponding to atmospheric density and turbulence intensity scale factor.
11. control system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that：The wind speed obtaining unit bag
Wind speed estimator is included, the wind speed is estimated for being at least partially based on the atmospheric density.
12. control system as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that：The wind speed estimator is used for
One or more operational factors at least based on the wind turbine estimate the wind speed.
13. control system as claimed in claim 12, it is characterised in that：The operational factor includes wind
Power that the rotating speed of the generator of power turbine, generator are produced and one of the blade of wind turbine
Or multiple change vane angles.
14. control system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that：The control parameter includes wind
The rotary speed instruction of the generator of power turbine and the power instruction of generator, specified operational factor include generating electricity
The rated speed and rated power of machine.
15. a kind of wind turbine, it is characterised in that it includes：
Cabin；
Head, is connected to cabin and can be rotated relative to cabin；
Control system, is used for
Determine the atmospheric density of the wind turbine position；
Obtain the wind speed of wind turbine position；
Turbulence intensity is estimated based in part on the wind speed；
Enhancer is determined according to the turbulence intensity of the atmospheric density and the estimation；And
At least one is determined according to the specified operational factor of the wind turbine and the enhancer
Individual control parameter；And
Generator, is connected in cabin and with control system, the generator based in part on
The control parameter operation.
16. wind turbine as claimed in claim 15, it is characterised in that：The control system enters one
Step is used for determining with reference to turbulence intensity, based on described true with reference to turbulence intensity and the turbulence intensity of the estimation
Determine turbulence intensity scale factor, and determined based on the turbulence intensity scale factor and the atmospheric density
The enhancer.
17. wind turbine as claimed in claim 16, it is characterised in that：The control system is also used
To inquire about table of the enhancer corresponding to atmospheric density and turbulence intensity scale factor.
18. wind turbine as claimed in claim 15, it is characterised in that：The control system is also used
The wind speed is estimated to be at least partially based on the atmospheric density.
19. wind turbine as claimed in claim 18, it is characterised in that：The control system is used for
One or more operational factors at least based on the wind turbine estimate the wind speed.
20. wind turbine as claimed in claim 15, it is characterised in that：The control parameter includes
The rotary speed instruction of the generator of wind turbine and the power instruction of generator, specified operational factor include hair
The rated speed and rated power of motor.
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| CN201610135642.1A CN107178468A (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2016-03-10 | Control method, control system and the wind turbine of wind turbine operation |
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| CN201610135642.1A CN107178468A (en) | 2016-03-10 | 2016-03-10 | Control method, control system and the wind turbine of wind turbine operation |
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| JP2002285949A (en) * | 2001-03-26 | 2002-10-03 | Ryuichi Shimada | Wind power generation plant using power storing device with improved efficiency |
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