CN107173428A - A kind of Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation of suitable fresh electric business pattern - Google Patents
A kind of Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation of suitable fresh electric business pattern Download PDFInfo
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- CN107173428A CN107173428A CN201710458992.6A CN201710458992A CN107173428A CN 107173428 A CN107173428 A CN 107173428A CN 201710458992 A CN201710458992 A CN 201710458992A CN 107173428 A CN107173428 A CN 107173428A
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- kiwi berry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23B7/152—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere comprising other gases in addition to CO2, N2, O2 or H2O ; Elimination of such other gases
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation of suitable fresh electric business pattern, belongs to postharvest technology of fruits and vegetables field.The method comprising the steps of：1) Kiwi berry storage refrigeration；2) 1~9 day before the predetermined sales date, the Kiwi berry for taking out part refrigeration respectively in 2~4 different times is risen again；3) multiple Kiwi berrys composition is a, and step 2 is included per portion Kiwi berry) in the Kiwi berry that takes out of each time.The Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation can shorten after consumer's purchase the Kiwi berry softening time, realize edible period Kiwi berry gradient softening, improve consumption experience of the consumer to Kiwi berry under fresh electric business sales mode, lifting product influence power and usage rate of the user.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to postharvest technology of fruits and vegetables field, and in particular to a kind of Kiwi berry storing side of suitable fresh electric business pattern
Method.
Background technology
Fresh electric business, the fresh product ecommerce of full name refers to and given birth to the means direct marketing on the internet of ecommerce
Fresh class product, such as fresh water fruits and vegetables, fresh meat.Since 2012, fresh electric business is developed rapidly, is emerged with Jingdone district
Fresh, suitable Feng Youxuan, the easily fresh electric business platform of thousands of families for representative such as really fresh, expand fresh market, show on a large scale
Extremely strong vigor and development prospect.Fresh electric business is compared to traditional sales mode, and the outstanding feature of sale is by high-volume outbound pin
Sell and be changed into a small amount of multiple batches of sale that region be directly facing consumer.User's stickiness and repurchase rate directly determine electric business enterprise
The situation of development, therefore each batch products of inevitable requirement all qualities are balanced and meet the buying expectation of consumer, consumer couple
Product quality requirement is harsher.
According to investigations, it is Kiwi berry nutritious to enrich comprehensive the most in the world in the maximum preceding 26 kinds of fruit of consumption figure, it is described as
" king of fruit ".The anti-oxidant index of synthesis of Kiwi berry is ranked in fruit to rank forefront, and is only second to minority's fruit such as Rosa roxburghii, blueberry,
Much stronger than the daily fruit such as apple, pears, watermelon, citrus.It was predicted that will be more than 100 to China's Kiwi berry market scale in 2017
Hundred million yuan.Kiwi berry is a kind of climacteric type fruit, harder during harvesting, and having placed soft for a period of time can just eat, once it is soft, often
It can only be deposited several days under temperature, if edible, Kiwi berry will be produced " vinosity " not in time, or even be rotted.Kiwi berry it is this " hard
When cannot eat, it is soft to eat too late " the characteristics of, make troubles to consumer is edible, and then reduce consumption experience and to product product
The approval of matter.Therefore, the edible phase of Kiwi berry and edible quality are regulated and controled to solve the above problems, is fresh electric business background
The active demand of lower Kiwi berry technology of storage and transport.
Traditional Kiwi berry is fresh-keeping based on refrigeration, controlled atmosphere or 1- methyl cyclopropenes (1-MCP) processing, generally only relates to macaque
Quality comparison during peach cryopreservation, it is therefore an objective to extend Kiwi berry storage period as far as possible.But problem is undue harsh requirement
The method or technique means that Kiwi berry storage period is used would generally significantly inhibit fruit normal temperature Ripening and softening, cause above-mentioned " hard
When cannot eat, it is soft to eat too late " outstanding problem.Also there is research concern Kiwi berry shelf life physiology quality comparison at present, but still
It is that can extend the normal temperature edible phase under traditional supermarket or market of farm produce retail environments as research purpose to meet, and does not meet fresh electricity
The expectation that can be eaten at any time to Kiwi berry after consumer's purchase under quotient module formula.Summary, from fresh electric business pattern angles, Kiwi berry storage
Fortune preservation method does not have been reported that.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation of suitable fresh electric business pattern, to shorten consumer
Kiwi berry gradient softening during Kiwi berry softening time, realization are edible after purchase, improves consumer to fresh electric business sales mode
The consumption experience of lower Kiwi berry, lifting product influence power and usage rate of the user.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation of suitable fresh electric business pattern, including step：
1) Kiwi berry storage refrigeration；
2) 1~9 day before the predetermined sales date, the Kiwi berry for taking out part refrigeration respectively in 2~4 different times enters
Row is risen again；
3) multiple Kiwi berrys composition is a, and step 2 is included per portion Kiwi berry) in the Kiwi berry that takes out of each time.
Preferably, in step 1) in, if the sales date expected from Kiwi berry is 40~110 day after harvesting, Mi after harvesting
Monkey peach is to be handled 20~28 hours with 0.4~0.7 μ L/L 1-MCP, then reenters storehouse refrigeration.It is further preferred that used
1-MCP concentration is 0.5 μ L/L, and processing time is 24 hours, and processing mode is that Kiwi berry is stifling with 1-MCP in fumatorium, is smoked
It is 15~20 DEG C to steam indoor temperature.
Preferably, in step 1) in, if the sales date expected from Kiwi berry is after plucking after 90 days, macaque after harvesting
Peach is to be handled 20~28 hours with 0.8~1.2 μ L/L 1-MCP, then reenters storehouse refrigeration.It is further preferred that 1- used
MCP concentration is 1.0 μ L/L, and processing time is 24 hours, and processing mode is that Kiwi berry is stifling with 1-MCP in fumatorium, is fumigated
Indoor temperature is 15~20 DEG C.
It is further preferred that if the sales date expected from Kiwi berry is 10~50 days after harvesting, Kiwi berry storage is refrigerated.
If the sales date expected from Kiwi berry is 51~100 days after harvesting, Kiwi berry with 0.4~0.7 μ L/L 1-MCP processing 20~
28 hours, then reenter storehouse refrigeration.If the sales date expected from Kiwi berry is after harvesting after 100 days, Kiwi berry with 0.8~
1.2 μ L/L 1-MCP is handled 20~28 hours, then reenters storehouse refrigeration.It is further preferred that the process handled with 1-MCP
For：Kiwi berry is fumigated in fumatorium, and it is 15~20 DEG C to fumigate indoor temperature.Preferably 24 hours stifling time, stifling is dense
Degree is respectively preferably 0.5 μ L/L and 1.0 μ L/L.
Preferably, in step 1) in, refrigerated storage temperature is -1~1 DEG C, and humidity is not less than 90%.
Preferably, step 1) be specially：Fresh Kiwi berry is plucked, disease fruit and cull fruit is rejected, remaining Kiwi berry loads fruit
Basket, in 0~1 DEG C of precooling room loose casu, precooling 2~3 days, the warehouse entry and piling after Kiwi berry temperature reaches 0~5 DEG C.
Preferably, in step 2) in, it is spaced 2~5 days between the time of the adjacent Kiwi berry for taking out refrigeration twice.
Preferably, in step 2) in, take out the Kiwi berry of part refrigeration respectively in 3 different times, 3 it is different when
Between respectively 6~9 days before the predetermined sales date, 3~5 days before the predetermined sales date, 1~2 day before the predetermined sales date.
Preferably, in step 2) in, the Kiwi berry of the refrigeration of taking-up is placed in 20~25 DEG C of environment, is placed 1~2 day, is treated
Fruit uses freshness protection package packaging after rising again.
Preferably, in step 3) in, it is 18~36 per the quantity of portion Kiwi berry；In every a Kiwi berry, wrapped
Equal or difference is 1 between the quantity for the Kiwi berry that each time contained takes out.
Preferably, in addition to：Step 4) consumer is shipped to after a Kiwi berry packaging of composition, transportation is not cold
Hide.
Signified sale of the invention is to start haulage time after packing, it is preferred to use the mode of the packaging same day, the delivery same day is carried out
Operation；Kiwi berry packaging, which can be used between internal layer freshness protection package, the manner of packing of outer carton, single fruit, uses foaming to pad that
This is separated.Freshness protection package can be Polythene Bag, and thickness is 20~40 μm.Carton is conventional wrappers case, 3~5 layer paperboards, corrugation
2.0~4.0mm of thickness.Foaming pad is polyethylene foam cotton, 0.4~0.7mm of thickness.
In the present invention, the unit that 1-MCP is used is μ L/L, refers to the partial volume of the 1-MCP in unit space；The list
Position is the known and usual unit in this area.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial technique effect：
The Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation for the suitable fresh electric business pattern that the present invention is provided, it first refrigerates Kiwi berry, to subtract
After-ripening that is slow or terminating Kiwi berry, then by the Kiwi berry of refrigeration, in 2~4 different times, part taking-up is carried out respectively
Rise again so that the Kiwi berry taken out in different time in the different time proceeds by after-ripening；The macaque that different time is taken out
Peach is combined as portion, in this way, including the different Kiwi berry of ripening time in per portion Kiwi berry so that the softening date of Kiwi berry
It is inconsistent, it is to avoid the predicament for softening simultaneously with a Kiwi berry and causing consumer to be absorbed in " soft eat too late ".The Mi of refrigeration
The time that monkey peach is risen again is 1~9 day before the predetermined sales date, in this way, before Kiwi berry is sent into consumer, Mi
During monkey peach has been carried out the after-ripening of certain time and is in after-ripening, in this way, when Kiwi berry is reached in consumer's hand
After, Kiwi berry will quickly reach softening so that consumer greatly shortens the stand-by period, it is to avoid the problem of " hard cannot eat ".
In summary, the method provided by the present invention, consumer can have the Kiwi berry of softening quickly after Kiwi berry is received, and
Kiwi berry softens time difference, realizes that Kiwi berry ripening time shortens after consumer's purchase, edible period fruit gradient softens, such as
This can improve consumption experience of the consumer to Kiwi berry under fresh electric business sales mode, and lifting product influence power and user are glutinous
Degree.
Further, cryopreservation after different postharvest handling methods is used to different selling period fruits, fruit is sold in short term
Without using 1-MCP, mid-term uses low concentration 1-MCP, long-term to use high concentration 1-MCP, the advantage is that and makes full use of Kiwi berry
Fruit itself afterripening extends and enhanced characteristic with storage time, it is ensured that the good edible quality of different selling period fruits.
This method compares single refrigeration, can extending fruit storage and selling period with reference to 1-MCP processing；Compared to single concentration 1-MCP processing,
Do not handle and low concentration 1-MCP processing collocation can ensure that middle or short term sale fruit has good after-ripening characteristic, it is to avoid fruit is sold
Occurs the phenomenon not softened for a long time afterwards.
Further, 2.5kg dresses are common specifications in the sale of current Kiwi berry electric business, about 30 fruits, eat the phase 6~
15 days.The present invention realizes the gradient softening under fruit normal temperature using the different times of rising again, to loading different in each packaging
Softening degree fruit, can obtain fruit of the edible phase in the range of 5~20 days.The current express delivery time is generally at 3~5 days, therefore button
After the express delivery time, the edible phase scope of 5~20 days matches with consumer under electric business sales mode to the edible phase of fruit.Mesh
Under preceding electric business sales mode, seller is not controlled fruit softening degree in unitary package, usual a collection of fruit softening speed
Rate is consistent, is just easy to cause the phenomenon for either not softening or softening together for a long time, cause it is above-mentioned " it is hard to eat, it is soft
Eat too late " the problem of.The present invention uses packing mode to realize that fruit gradient softens after consumer's purchase, extending fruit food
Phase scope is used, and then meets the demand that consumer persistently eats.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is hardness values and the relation of hardness sensory evaluation scores.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and
It is not to limit.
In the present invention, the edible hardness range and optimal edible hardness model for determining Kiwi berry with the following method are adopted
Enclose：
Different hardness " Xu Xiang " Kiwi berry 75 is randomly selected, each fruit, which is cut into 5 pieces and is randomly assigned to 5 sense organs, to be commented
Valency person；15 sensory evaluation persons, each 25 fruits of sensory evaluation person's haphazard evaluation.Sensory evaluation person independently gives a mark with reference to table 1,
While being given a mark to hardness, according to the overall mouthfeel sensation to fruit, preference degree is marked.As a result show, when hardness is commented
Point<1 timesharing, proprietary judge is not like；When<2 timesharing, the evaluation weighted average accounting not liked is 86.7%；When
>=2 timesharing, the evaluation weighted average accounting not liked is only 19.1%, and when hardness scores >=4 timesharing, be evaluated as liking accounts for altogether
Than 93.6%, therefore assert that the hardness range for being more than >=2 points of scoring is acceptable edible hardness range, assert 4 points of hardness models of ＞
Enclose for optimal edible hardness range.The hardness values and the hardness of sensory evaluation determined using fruit hardness meter are scored and mapped,
As a result show in Fig. 1；2 points and 4 points of the hardness scoring to sensory evaluation is labeled, and show that edible hardness range is
2.6~10.5N, optimal edible hardness range is 4.7~7.6N.
The sensory evaluation index of table 1
In the present invention, using the hardness of Durometer measurements Kiwi berry, measurement result is shown in various embodiments.
Embodiment 1：Sell within 50 days after adopting
By taking " Xu Xiang " Kiwi berry as an example, it is handled as follows：
(1) fresh fruit is plucked, disease fruit and cull fruit is rejected；
(2) above fruit loads fruit basket, and in 0~1 DEG C of precooling room loose casu, precooling 2~3 days treats that fruit temperature is approached
Warehouse entry and piling after stock's temperature；0 ± 1 DEG C of cold store temperature, humidity is not less than 90%；
(3) the 50th day selling period of correspondence, respectively 6 days before this date, 3 days and 1 day three time take out part fruits and put
In 20~25 DEG C of room temperature environments, freshness protection package packaging is used after fruit is risen again；
(4) three time point fruits of rising again take 10 respectively, are placed in packaging；It is used to be packaged as internal layer freshness protection package, outer layer
It is separated from each other between carton, single fruit with foaming pad；
(5) after being transported through 5 days, analog family room temperature environment, shown in Taste quality evaluation result such as following table (table 2)：
Table 2：Taste quality evaluation result
The embodiment shows：After unprocessed fruit cold storage, transported and room temperature, returned after being risen again through different time
The warm time significantly affects normal temperature edible quality.The edible hardness range of " Xu Xiang " Kiwi berry is 2.6~10.5N, optimal food
It is 4.7~7.6N with hardness range, the consumability period for 6 days fruits of rising again in the present embodiment is no more than 9 days, and the best edible period is 3
~6 days；Rise again 3 days fruits consumability period be 12 days, the best edible period be 6~9 days；1 day edible fruit of rising again is 15 with the phase
My god, the best edible period is about 9~12 days.Therefore it is 1~15 day, the best edible period that three time fruits of rising again, which merge consumability period,
For 3~12 days, the demand that consumer persistently obtains optimal edible experience can be met.
Embodiment 2：Sell within 70 days after adopting
By taking " Xu Xiang " Kiwi berry as an example, it is handled as follows：
(1) fresh fruit is plucked, rejects and 24h is handled with 0.5 μ L/L 1-MCP in fumatorium after disease fruit and cull fruit, smoke
It is 15~20 DEG C to steam indoor temperature；
(2) above fruit loads fruit basket, and in 0~1 DEG C of precooling room loose casu, precooling 2~3 days treats that fruit temperature is approached
Warehouse entry and piling after stock's temperature；0 ± 1 DEG C of cold store temperature, humidity is not less than 90%；
(3) the 70th day selling period of correspondence, respectively 8 days before this date, 4 days and 1 day three time take out part fruits and put
In 20~25 DEG C of room temperature environments, freshness protection package packaging is used after fruit is risen again；
(4) three time point fruits of rising again take 10 respectively, are placed in packaging；It is used to be packaged as internal layer freshness protection package, outer layer
It is separated from each other between carton, single fruit with foaming pad；
(5) after being transported through 5 days, analog family room temperature environment, shown in Taste quality evaluation result such as following table (table 3)：
Table 3：Taste quality evaluation result
The embodiment shows：0.5 μ L/L 1-MCP processing fruit cold storage after, after being risen again through different time carry out transport and
Room temperature, the time of rising again significantly affects normal temperature edible quality.The edible hardness range of " Xu Xiang " Kiwi berry be 2.6~
10.5N, optimal edible hardness range is that rise again in 4.7~7.6N, the present embodiment consumability period of 8 days fruits is 3~12 days
Front and rear, the best edible period is before and after 6~9 days；Rise again 4 days fruits consumability period be 15 days, the best edible period be 9~12 days before
Afterwards；1 day edible fruit of rising again is 15 days with the phase, and the best edible period is about before and after 9~12 days.Therefore three time fruit conjunctions of rising again
And consumability period is 3~15 days, the best edible period is 6~12 days, can meet the need that consumer persistently obtains optimal edible experience
Ask.
Embodiment 3：Sell within the 120th day after adopting
By taking " Xu Xiang " Kiwi berry as an example, it is handled as follows：
(1) fresh fruit is plucked, rejects and handles 24h in fumatorium with 1.0 μ L/L 1-MCP after disease fruit and cull fruit, smoke
It is 15~20 DEG C to steam indoor temperature；
(2) above fruit loads fruit basket, and in 0~1 DEG C of precooling room loose casu, precooling 2~3 days treats that fruit temperature is approached
Warehouse entry and piling after stock's temperature；0 ± 1 DEG C of cold store temperature, humidity is not less than 90%；
(3) the 120th day selling period of correspondence, respectively 6 days before this date, 3 days and 1 day three time take out part fruits and put
In 20~25 DEG C of room temperature environments, freshness protection package packaging is used after fruit is risen again；
(4) three time point fruits of rising again take 10 respectively, are placed in packaging；It is used to be packaged as internal layer freshness protection package, outer layer
It is separated from each other between carton, single fruit with foaming pad；
(5) after being transported through 5 days, analog family room temperature environment, shown in Taste quality evaluation result such as following table (table 4)：
Table 4：Taste quality evaluation result
The embodiment shows：1.0 μ L/L 1-MCP processing fruit cold storage after, after being risen again through different time carry out transport and
Room temperature, the time of rising again significantly affects normal temperature edible quality.The edible hardness range of " Xu Xiang " Kiwi berry be 2.6~
10.5N, optimal edible hardness range is that rise again in 4.7~7.6N, the present embodiment consumability period of 6 days fruits is no more than 12
My god, the best edible period is about before and after 3~6 days；The consumability period of 3 days fruits of rising again is about 12 days, and the best edible period is 6~9 days
It is front and rear；1 day edible fruit of rising again is 15 days with the phase, and the best edible period is about before and after 9~12 days.Therefore three time fruits of rising again
It is 1~15 day to merge consumability period, and the best edible period is 3~12 days, can meet consumer and persistently obtain optimal edible experience
Demand.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation of suitable fresh electric business pattern, it is characterised in that including step：
1) Kiwi berry storage refrigeration；
2) 1~9 day before the predetermined sales date, the Kiwi berry for taking out part refrigeration respectively in 2~4 different times is returned
Temperature；
3) multiple Kiwi berrys composition is a, and step 2 is included per portion Kiwi berry) in the Kiwi berry that takes out of each different time.
2. the Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation of suitable fresh electric business pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 1)
In,
If the sales date expected from Kiwi berry is 40~110 days after harvesting, Kiwi berry is with 0.4~0.7 μ L/L 1- methyl rings
Propylene is handled 20~28 hours, then reenters storehouse refrigeration.
3. the Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation of suitable fresh electric business pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 1)
In,
If the sales date expected from Kiwi berry is after 90 days, Kiwi berry is with 0.8~1.2 μ L/L 1- methyl ring third after harvesting
Alkene is handled 20~28 hours, then reenters storehouse refrigeration.
4. the Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation of suitable fresh electric business pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 1)
In, refrigerated storage temperature is -1~1 DEG C, and humidity is not less than 90%.
5. the Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation of suitable fresh electric business pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1) it is specific
For：
Fresh Kiwi berry is plucked, disease fruit and cull fruit is rejected, remaining Kiwi berry loads fruit basket, in 0~1 DEG C of loose heap of precooling room
Put, precooling 2~3 days, the warehouse entry and piling after Kiwi berry temperature reaches 0~5 DEG C.
6. the Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation of suitable fresh electric business pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2)
In, it is spaced 2~5 days between the time of the adjacent Kiwi berry for taking out refrigeration twice.
7. the Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation of suitable fresh electric business pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2)
In, take out the Kiwi berry of part refrigeration respectively in 3 different times, 3 different times are respectively in the predetermined sales date
First 6~9 days, 3~5 days before the predetermined sales date, 1~2 day before the predetermined sales date.
8. the Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation of suitable fresh electric business pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2)
In, the Kiwi berry of the refrigeration of taking-up is placed in 20~25 DEG C of environment, places 1~2 day, freshness protection package packaging is used after fruit is risen again.
9. the Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation of suitable fresh electric business pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 3)
In, it is 18~36 per the quantity of portion Kiwi berry；In every a Kiwi berry, comprising each time take out Kiwi berry
Quantity between it is equal or difference be 1.
10. the Kiwi berry method for storage and transportation of suitable fresh electric business pattern as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：
Step 4) consumer is shipped to after a Kiwi berry packaging of composition, transportation is not refrigerated.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109430370A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-03-08 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | A kind of is suitable for the vegetable logistic preservation method of fresh electric business mode |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109430370A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-03-08 | 北京市农业技术推广站 | A kind of is suitable for the vegetable logistic preservation method of fresh electric business mode |
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