CN107172672B - Method for realizing routing optimization of Internet of things equipment by adopting D2D mechanism - Google Patents
Method for realizing routing optimization of Internet of things equipment by adopting D2D mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN107172672B CN107172672B CN201710325895.XA CN201710325895A CN107172672B CN 107172672 B CN107172672 B CN 107172672B CN 201710325895 A CN201710325895 A CN 201710325895A CN 107172672 B CN107172672 B CN 107172672B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
- H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
- H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/22—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing using selective relaying for reaching a BTS [Base Transceiver Station] or an access point
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- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for realizing routing optimization of Internet of things equipment by adopting a D2D mechanism, which comprises the following steps: the base station determines a list of D2D terminals in a coverage area according to the terminal capability and issues indication information to each D2D terminal in the list; each D2D terminal in the list broadcasts its own configuration information, and negotiates the configuration information to obtain the frequency band information of the interconnection of both parties; when a sender D2D terminal finds that the signal strength of the sender is lower than a preconfigured threshold, a D2D terminal with the highest received SINR is selected from a negotiation set to serve as a relay terminal, and a bandwidth negotiation request is sent to the relay terminal; then the relay terminal sends a new load establishing request to the base station; when the bearer is successfully established, the relay terminal sends negotiation success indication information to the sender D2D terminal, and the sender D2D terminal establishes an IP connection with the relay terminal according to its own IP version information and the frequency band information of both sides interconnected to perform communication.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a method for realizing routing optimization of Internet of things equipment by adopting a D2D mechanism.
Background
The next generation broadband cellular mobile communication system (IMT-Advanced) adopts a Carrier Aggregation (CA) technology, an enhanced multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, a coordinated multi-point transmission (CoMP) technology and a relay technology, further improves the system capacity and improves the data rate and the user experience of cell edge users on the basis of the original cellular mobile communication system.
However, the IMT-Advanced system still has problems in coverage and capacity due to limitations of the coverage and service providing method of the cell centered on the Base Station (BS). Although the relay technology and the CoMP technology can improve the cell coverage performance and enhance the experience of the cell edge users, the base station and the relay station do not have mobility, so the flexibility of the network structure and the service support is still not enough, and the system coverage and the cell edge user capacity still have a higher promotion space. In addition, with the development of wireless multimedia services, the current increasing local data sharing service requirements put higher requirements on the capacity and coverage of the IMT-Advanced system and the service flexibility, and the cell service providing mode with the base station as the center has obvious limitations in adapting to the development of local services.
D2D (Device-to-Device, terminal-through technology) refers to a way in which a neighboring terminal can perform data transmission over a direct link within a short distance without forwarding through a central node (i.e., a base station). The short-range communication characteristic and the direct communication mode of the D2D technology have the following advantages:
1) the terminal short-distance direct communication mode can realize higher data rate, lower delay and lower power consumption;
2) by utilizing the characteristics of widely distributed user terminals in the network and the short distance of the D2D communication link, the effective utilization of frequency spectrum resources can be realized, and resource space division multiplexing gain is obtained;
3) the direct communication mode of the D2D can adapt to the local data sharing requirement of the service such as wireless P2P and the like, and provides data service with flexible adaptability;
4) D2D direct communication enables the use of a large number and wide distribution of communication terminals in a network to extend the coverage of the network.
It should be noted that the D2D technique referred to in the present invention is different from the conventional short-range communication technique. Many short-range communication technologies, such as bluetooth, WiFi Direct, Zigbee, etc., use unlicensed frequency bands, such as the ISM band, for Direct data transmission, and form a relatively independent system with a cellular network. The D2D technology of the present invention is specifically directed to a terminal direct technology sharing licensed band resources with cellular networks to form a unified hybrid cellular and D2D network.
The invention introduces D2D technology into an authorized frequency band of an IMT-Advanced system to form a hybrid network with coexisting cellular communication and D2D communication, as shown in figure 1, each ellipse in the figure represents the range covered by one base station, and the base stations comprise large base stations, small base stations, home base stations and the like, so that different icons are applied to the figure for representation.
In fig. 1, the terminal can communicate in two different modes. First, cellular communication mode: the terminal communicates through the base station; second, D2D communication mode: the terminals communicate directly using the D2D link. In the hybrid network, part of the terminals still transmit and communicate information through the base station in the cellular communication mode, and part of the terminals perform direct transmission of data in the D2D communication mode.
The IMT-Advanced D2D communication control mode refers to control modes such as D2D communication connection establishment, D2D communication wireless resource management and the like in an IMT-Advanced system. It can be divided into two types, D2D communication with centralized control of the network and autonomous D2D communication with assistance of the network.
1) D2D communication controlled centrally by the network.
The D2D communication of network centralized control refers to that D2D communication is introduced into an IMT-Advanced system, and the basis and the premise are that the centralized control of a base station is used, and the base station not only controls the establishment of D2D communication connection, but also is responsible for the allocation of wireless resources.
In this way, due to the existence of central control, the management of global resources and the control of interference are facilitated. The disadvantage of this solution is that it is difficult for the base station to obtain the relevant state information of a large number of D2D communication links, especially when the number of D2D communication links is large, a large amount of signaling overhead is caused, which is not favorable for improving the spectrum utilization, and the flexibility of D2D communication cannot be well reflected. The method is suitable for application scenarios when the cell traffic is small, the wireless resource utilization rate is low, and the number of D2D communication links is small.
2) Network assisted autonomous D2D communication.
Network assisted autonomous D2D communication means that D2D enables communication in an autonomous manner on the premise that the network provides assistance information. The basic features of this approach are: autonomous D2D communication and network assistance.
The autonomous D2D communication utilizes the distributed feature of D2D communication, and with a concept similar to cognitive radio, the D2D terminal is enabled to comprehensively sense the surrounding wireless environment, acquire channel conditions, interference information and cellular system related information, and perform wireless resource management in an autonomous manner. Therefore, the distributed characteristic of D2D communication can be maintained, and the problems caused by information sharing overhead and control delay in centralized control of the base station can be avoided.
In order to solve the current situation that information between cells and D2D is mutually blind, the network assistance provides necessary and small amount of assistance and control information for autonomous D2D communication by means of the global information of a cellular system of a base station, helps a D2D terminal to perform intelligent wireless resource management, and realizes resource reuse and sharing between D2D communication and cellular communication and between D2D communication.
The method has the advantages of realizing efficient resource reuse, improving the system capacity and performance, reserving the flexibility of D2D communication, and effectively improving the system coverage by combining the mobile relay technology. But a more flexible and efficient interference control coordination oriented communication mechanism needs to be designed. The method is suitable for the scenes that the cell traffic is large, the wireless resource utilization rate is high, and D2D communication links are more.
Disclosure of Invention
At present, many solutions have appeared in the scenes of establishing and releasing communication connection under the D2D scene, resisting disturbance, optimizing coverage and the like, but few solutions appear at present for negotiation of a route before connection establishment and selection of a next-hop route.
The invention aims to provide a method for realizing routing optimization of equipment of the Internet of things by adopting a D2D mechanism, and provides a method for negotiating routing optimization aiming at how to select the optimal terminal equipment connection and how to negotiate resources before connection is established between the terminal equipment and the terminal equipment. The invention mainly provides an autonomous route optimization establishing method based on network-assisted autonomous D2D communication.
Aiming at the purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for realizing Internet of things equipment route optimization by adopting a D2D mechanism comprises the following steps:
1) the base station determines a list of D2D terminals in a coverage area according to the terminal capability and issues indication information to each D2D terminal in the list;
2) each D2D terminal in the list broadcasts its own configuration information, and negotiates the configuration information to obtain the frequency band information of the interconnection of both parties;
3) when a sender D2D terminal finds that the signal strength of the sender is lower than a preconfigured threshold, searching other D2D terminals in the list to serve as relay terminals;
4) the D2D terminal of the sender selects the D2D terminal with the highest received SINR (signal to noise ratio) from the negotiation set as a relay terminal, and sends a bandwidth negotiation request to the relay terminal;
5) after receiving the bandwidth negotiation request, the relay terminal sends a new bearer establishment request to the base station;
6) when the bearer is successfully established, the relay terminal sends negotiation success indication information to the sender D2D terminal, and the sender D2D terminal establishes an IP connection with the relay terminal according to its own IP version information and the frequency band information of both sides interconnection in step 2) to perform communication.
Further, when the bearer establishment fails, the relay terminal carries a relevant failure reason to notify the sender D2D that the terminal negotiation fails; and the sender D2D terminal finds a new relay terminal in the negotiation set again.
Further, the terminal capability in step 1) includes, but is not limited to, a protocol, a bandwidth, and an uplink and downlink transmission rate supported by the terminal; the indication information indicates frequency information used by each D2D terminal for direct communication and information triggering each D2D terminal to turn on the D2D function.
Further, the configuration information in step 2) includes a terminal identification, IP version information (IPv4 or IPv6), delay information to the network, transmission power of the relay link, and maximum relay bandwidth information.
Further, the sender D2D terminal in step 3) is a D2D terminal in the list; the preconfigured threshold is the lowest signal strength value of the D2D terminals communicating with the base station, and is broadcasted by the base station to notify each D2D terminal.
Further, the negotiation set in step 4) is composed of D2D terminals whose difference between the transmission power of the relay link of the D2D terminal and RSRP (signal received power) is higher than a preset threshold.
Furthermore, the preset threshold is configured according to network management OMC or base station broadcast, and each D2D terminal stores the preset threshold after receiving it.
Further, the bandwidth negotiation request in step 4) includes a terminal identifier, a received SINR of the terminal of the sender D2D, and uplink and downlink maximum request transmission rates.
Further, the bearer establishment request in step 5) includes a bearer rate value; the bearer rate value refers to a downlink maximum request rate provided by the sender D2D terminal to the relay terminal.
Further, the indication information in step 6) includes IP address information of the core network user plane and a maximum uplink and downlink rate value that can be transmitted.
The invention has the following effective effects: the invention provides a method for realizing routing optimization of equipment of the Internet of things by adopting a D2D mechanism, which is characterized in that a base station is used as a central node to send configuration information (namely information of some cell levels) required by communication between terminal equipment and configuration information broadcasted by each D2D terminal to assist the direct communication between the terminal equipment and the terminal equipment, and then a routing optimization selection scheme of the equipment is negotiated by a D2D technology, so that the terminal equipment outside a signal coverage range of the base station can also communicate by being connected with other terminal equipment. The advantages of the invention are embodied in particular in that:
1) the invention effectively avoids the mutual blind state between the terminal equipment and the terminal equipment by the auxiliary issuing of the configuration information necessary for the communication between the terminal equipment by the base station (central node).
2) The terminal device and the terminal device can negotiate the required configuration resource through the negotiation mechanism provided by the invention, and then determine whether to connect communication.
3) The route optimization method provided by the invention can effectively enable the terminal equipment outside the coverage range of the base station to efficiently transmit communication.
4) Through the autonomous negotiation communication of the D2D, the optimal terminal resource can be ensured on the next-hop routing connection of the terminal device, so as to improve the transmission efficiency of the network.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a D2D communication scene in the IMT-Advanced system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a scenario of a method for implementing routing optimization of internet of things devices by using a D2D mechanism according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for implementing route optimization of internet-of-things devices by using a D2D mechanism according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned and other features and advantages of the invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
The invention provides a method for realizing routing optimization of Internet of things equipment by adopting a D2D mechanism, wherein a scene schematic diagram and a flow chart are respectively shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, and the method comprises the following steps:
1) the base station (central node) determines a list of D2D terminals (such as D2D terminal A, B, C, D, E, F in fig. 2) in the coverage area according to the terminal capability, and issues an indication message to each D2D terminal in the coverage area according to the list, indicating the frequency information used by each D2D terminal for direct communication, triggering each D2D terminal to open the D2D function and notifying other D2D terminals in the list. The terminal capabilities include, but are not limited to, protocols, bandwidths, uplink and downlink transmission rates, etc. supported by the terminal.
2) Each D2D terminal in the list broadcasts its own terminal identification, its own IP version information (IPv4 or IPv6), delay information to the network, and the transmission power TX1 and other configuration information (e.g., maximum relay bandwidth information, etc.) of the relay link; and negotiate the configuration information to obtain the frequency band information of the interconnection of the two parties.
3) When a D2D terminal a (i.e., the sender D2D terminal) in a weak coverage area finds itself with a signal strength below a preconfigured threshold, the D2D terminal a initiates the search function. The signal strength refers to the signal strength covered by the base station when the sender D2D terminal finds itself performing cellular communication. The preconfigured threshold is the lowest signal strength value of the D2D terminal communicating with the base station after countless tests and is broadcast by the base station informing D2D terminal a.
4) The D2D terminal a determines which surrounding D2D terminals (e.g., B or C) can communicate as relay terminals through searching. And when the difference value of the RSRP and the transmission power of the relay link of the surrounding D2D terminal is higher than a preset threshold, adding the D2D terminal into the negotiation set. The preset threshold is configured according to network management OMC or base station broadcast, and the D2D terminal stores the preset threshold after receiving the preset threshold. If the negotiation set list is not empty, step 5) is executed, otherwise, no operation is performed.
5) The D2D terminal a selects the D2D terminal with the highest received SINR in the negotiation set as a relay terminal (e.g., D2D terminal B), and initiates a bandwidth negotiation request with the D2D terminal B. The bandwidth negotiation request comprises a terminal identifier, the received SINR of the D2D terminal a, and the maximum uplink and downlink request transmission rate.
6) After receiving the broadband negotiation request of the D2D terminal a, the D2D terminal B initiates a new bearer establishment request to the base station to apply for a bearer for the relay data of the D2D terminal a alone. Wherein the bearer rate value carried in the bearer request message is the downlink maximum request transmission rate provided by the D2D terminal a to the D2D terminal B.
7) The base station and the core network side determine whether the current network load can accept the new bearer, if so, the base station indicates that the bearer establishment is successful and executes step 9), otherwise, the base station returns the bearer establishment failure information and the related failure reason and executes step 8).
8) After receiving the new bearer establishment failure information, the D2D terminal B carries a relevant failure reason to notify the D2D terminal a of the failure of negotiation. After receiving the negotiation failure, the D2D terminal a attempts to connect with other D2D terminals (e.g., D2D terminal C) in the negotiation set, and returns to step 5).
9) And the D2D terminal B sends negotiation success indication information to the D2D terminal A, wherein the indication information comprises IP address information of a core network user plane and the maximum uplink and downlink transmission rate value. The D2D terminal a tries to establish IP connection with the D2D terminal B according to the IP version information provided by the configuration information broadcasted by itself and the frequency band information of the interconnection of the D2D terminal B obtained in step 2), and completes IP network connection with the core network user plane.
According to the invention, the D2D technology enables the terminal equipment and the terminal equipment to negotiate the direct connection of the route, thereby ensuring that the terminal equipment outside the coverage range of the base station can also normally communicate. As an embodiment of the present invention, the protocol for negotiating configuration information between the terminal device and the terminal device may be implemented by sending a discovery message, a synchronization message, and a negotiation message to the correspondent node, and then completing the functions of device discovery, device synchronization, and parameter negotiation according to a flow specified in the protocol (for details, see the negotiation protocol defined in draft-ietf-anima-gradp-08).
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and a person skilled in the art can make modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be determined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for realizing Internet of things equipment route optimization by adopting a D2D mechanism comprises the following steps:
1) the base station determines a list of D2D terminals in a coverage area according to the terminal capability and issues indication information to each D2D terminal in the list; the terminal capability comprises a protocol, a bandwidth and an uplink and downlink transmission rate supported by the terminal; the indication information indicates frequency information used by each D2D terminal for direct communication and information for triggering each D2D terminal to open the D2D function;
2) each D2D terminal in the list broadcasts its own configuration information, and negotiates the configuration information to obtain the frequency band information of the interconnection of both parties;
3) when a sender D2D terminal finds that the signal strength of the sender is lower than a preconfigured threshold, searching other D2D terminals in the list to serve as relay terminals;
4) the D2D terminal of the sender selects the D2D terminal with the highest received SINR from the negotiation set as a relay terminal, and sends a bandwidth negotiation request to the relay terminal; the negotiation set is composed of all D2D terminals, wherein the difference value between the transmitting power of a relay link of the D2D terminal and the RSRP is higher than a preset threshold;
5) after receiving the bandwidth negotiation request, the relay terminal sends a new bearer establishment request to the base station;
6) when the bearer is successfully established, the relay terminal sends negotiation success indication information to the sender D2D terminal, and the sender D2D terminal establishes an IP connection with the relay terminal according to its own IP version information and the frequency band information of both sides interconnection in step 2) to perform communication.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein when bearer establishment fails, the relay terminal carries a relevant failure reason to notify the sender D2D that the terminal has failed negotiation; and the sender D2D terminal finds a new relay terminal in the negotiation set again.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the configuration information in step 2) includes a terminal identification, IP version information, delay to network information, transmission power of a relay link, and maximum relay bandwidth information.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the sender D2D terminal in step 3) is a D2D terminal in the list; the preconfigured threshold is the lowest signal strength value of the D2D terminals communicating with the base station, and is broadcasted by the base station to notify each D2D terminal.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the preset threshold is configured according to network management OMC or base station broadcast, and each D2D terminal stores the preset threshold after receiving the preset threshold.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the bandwidth negotiation request in step 4) includes a terminal identification, a received SINR of the sender D2D terminal, and uplink and downlink maximum requested transmission rates.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the bearer establishment request in step 5) includes a bearer rate value; the bearer rate value refers to a downlink maximum request rate provided by the sender D2D terminal to the relay terminal.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the indication information in step 6) includes IP address information of a core network user plane and a maximum rate value that uplink and downlink can transmit.
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| CN107969000B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2021-05-04 | 深圳市共进电子股份有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for detecting state of uplink of wireless repeater |
| WO2019192534A1 (en) * | 2018-04-04 | 2019-10-10 | Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp., Ltd. | User equipment and method for controlling transmission of same in a wireless communication system |
| CN108540956B (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2023-11-24 | 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 | Internet of things data collector and networking method thereof |
| CN108777856A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-09 | 北京邮电大学 | A kind of virtual UE for the 5G networks that face the future independently is found and process is established in connection |
| CN109547273B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2021-11-30 | 重庆邮电大学 | Efficient and rapid general autonomous signaling scheme |
| CN110602666B (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2022-09-23 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Communication method and device for narrow-band Internet of things terminal equipment |
| CN113364506A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2021-09-07 | 富泰华工业（深圳）有限公司 | Relay device, communication system having the same, and communication method |
| CN112333795B (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2023-10-27 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Network access method and device |
| CN115733703A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-03-03 | 华为技术有限公司 | Multi-device synchronous playing method and device |
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