CN107167551B - The test device of concrete structure performance in a kind of simulated fire - Google Patents
The test device of concrete structure performance in a kind of simulated fire Download PDFInfo
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- CN107167551B CN107167551B CN201710312372.1A CN201710312372A CN107167551B CN 107167551 B CN107167551 B CN 107167551B CN 201710312372 A CN201710312372 A CN 201710312372A CN 107167551 B CN107167551 B CN 107167551B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of test devices of concrete structure performance in simulated fire.It is made of combustion test platform and combustion control system；Platform includes fire combustion chamber and non-fire combustion chamber, and test concrete structure is placed on two combustion chambers simultaneously；Control system provides simulated fire to fire combustion chamber, and test macro includes Concrete Structure Temperature test macro and internal force test system；Concrete structure is fixed on from restraint system.The test to concrete structure inside dynamic response under constraint condition may be implemented in the present invention, construction large-sized concrete structural member is avoided to be tested, reduce pilot system scale, a kind of new-type test platform and test method are proposed for large-sized concrete structural member, the test device can better understand and grasp mechanical behavior of the concrete structure during by fire, have very important practical value and engineering significance for concrete structure safety in assessment fire process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to concrete structure analog detection technical fields more particularly to concrete component in fire overall process
The test device of internal temperature and internal force is related to civil engineering structure class.
Background technique
Security performance of the concrete structure under fire is a problem of domestic and international general concern, because it is related to big portion
Divide civil engineering structure.Such as concrete beam and board in structure, column, lining cutting, section of jurisdiction in tunnel structure and underground structure are built in room；Bridge
Bridge floor, girder and bridge pier in structure etc..Internal temperature evolution and mechanical property variation of these concrete structures under fire
Directly affect the safety of civil engineering structure.Correlative study is also carried out both at home and abroad at present.Lu Zhou is led et al. using stable state protection heat
Plate test method(s) derives that the coefficient of heat conduction of normal concrete and temperature send out relationship according to Fourier law, while giving letter
The thermal expansion coefficient of concrete calculation expression of change.Guo Peng et al. has studied destructive process of the concrete in warming cycle
With destructive process of the concrete under room temperature under load action.Wu Bo et al. is then to two kinds of high-strength concretes of C70, C85 after high temperature
Load-deformation curve, elasticity modulus and Poisson's ratio etc. studied.Li Min et al. is to the high-strength resistance to compression mixed after your figure fire
Intensity has carried out experimental study.Jiang Shuping etc. has carried out fire to four kinds of different brackets concrete test block, that is, C20, C25, C30, C35
Calamity experimental study, emphasis assess the deterioration relationship of lesion depths, compression strength and Temperature-time after fire.
Phan and Carino has studied influence of the high temperature to high performance concrete component constitutive relation.Luccioni etc. is established based on multiple
The thermal influence zone for closing damage coupled plastic model, has studied the mechanical behavior of concrete structure after high temperature.
It should be noted that most research is concentrated mainly on mechanical behavior of the concrete component after fire at present, wrap
Include Concrete after Fire compression strength, load-deformation curve etc.；And performance of the concrete material after fire, including damage
Depth, elastic model, Poisson's ratio etc..Research and test for the mechanical property of the concrete structure in fire process is also very scarce
It is weary.In addition, from current ongoing part concrete structure fire test it is found that most of test is mainly for concrete structure
In freedom without under restrained condition.There is the following among these the main reason for: (one) a part of concrete component is in practical knot
Itself is in freely without restrained condition in structure；(2) the unbearable fire of sensor of test concrete structure internal force is high at present
Temperature.And the liner structure etc. in the plate of most of concrete component such as Fang Jianzhong, tunnel is in outside in practical structures
Under constraint condition, under this state concrete component during by fire internal temperature variation and internal force change procedure how also not
It obtains and knows.
Summary of the invention
The present invention discloses one kind suitable for fire overall process from constraint coagulation according to the needs that concrete test is studied
Native beam internal temperature and the test platform of internal force variation, test macro, to be rung under research fire from restriction concrete member dynamic
A kind of means of testing and method should be provided.
Present invention firstly provides the test device of concrete structure performance in simulated fire, device passes through following technical side
Case is realized.
Test device includes Combustion simulation system and test macro, it is characterised in that:
The Combustion simulation system is made of combustion test platform and combustion control system；Combustion test platform includes fire
Combustion chamber and non-fire combustion chamber, test concrete structure are placed in simultaneously on fire combustion chamber and non-fire combustion chamber；Combustion
It burns control system and provides simulated fire, including fuel supply device, burner and temperature programming control device to fire combustion chamber；
The test macro includes Concrete Structure Temperature test macro and internal force test system；Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature is by point
Battle array arrangement interval is embedded in the data collecting instrument composition of the thermocouple in concrete structure and its connection；Internal force test system by
It is embedded in the pressure test box of concrete structure one end and the data collecting instrument composition of connection；The coagulation of pre-buried pressure test box
Soil structure part end is placed in non-fire combustion chamber side；
The concrete structure is fixed on from restraint system；It is concrete knot made of rigid material from restraint system
Component side surface constrains fixed device.
The thermocouple arranges that the distance of up and down direction neighboring thermocouple is 0.07 in concrete structure at dot matrix
Rice, the distance of transverse direction neighboring thermocouple are 0.1 meter, and the distance of longitudinal direction neighboring thermocouple is 0.2 meter.
It is described to be made from restraint system of steel plate identical with concrete structure side surface structure welding.With concrete knot
There is rigid reinforcing rib in structure identical steel plate outer surface in component side surface.
By the adjacent construction of refractory material, fire combustion chamber is provided with air intake duct for the fire combustion chamber and non-fire combustion chamber
It is formed with smokejack.
The fire combustion chamber and non-fire combustion chamber are disposed adjacent；It generallys use with flowering structure, fire combustion chamber is long
60cm, wide 25cm, high 85cm, including air intake duct and smokejack；The non-long 28cm in fire combustion chamber, wide 25cm, high 85cm；Fire combustion
Burn is to build the divider wall separated using refractory material between room and non-fire combustion chamber.
It when being tested, is placed in having on combustion experiment platform from the concrete component of constraint function, and by concrete
Structure temperature testing element thermocouple is connected with temperature data acquisition instrument, internal force test element pressure testing cassete and interior force data
Acquisition Instrument connection, and system data initialization process, acquisition are carried out respectively, while to the combustion curve of combustion system, the highest temperature
Degree is configured, and then starts combustion system, is tested.In test process, each data collecting instrument of computer synchronous recording is adopted
Collect data, it is to be tested to terminate to extract data to convert to carry out processing analysis.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention provides one kind suitable for fire overall process from inside confined concrete beam
Temperature and the test platform of internal force variation, obtain concrete structure concrete internal temperature under constraint condition and fire working
With the test method of internal force dynamic response.It may be implemented to move concrete structure inside under constraint condition by the test device
The test of state response, could test internal response so as to avoid that must build large-sized concrete structural member, reduce
Pilot system scale proposes a kind of new-type test platform and test method, test dress for large-sized concrete structural member
The mechanical behavior that can better understand and grasp concrete structure during by fire is set, for concrete in assessment fire process
Safety of structure has very important practical value and engineering significance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is test device structure arrangement schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is test device combustion test platform schematic cross-section of the present invention, each structure size is marked in figure, unit:
cm；
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2A A cross-sectional view, each structure size is marked in figure, unit: cm；
Fig. 4 is present invention test concrete structure model, the size of mark structure, unit: cm in figure；
Fig. 5 is of the invention from restraint system structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is present invention test concrete structure cross-sectional view, and dot matrix each point indicates Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature in figure
Thermocouple position, number for arrangement distance, unit: cm, letter for sequence mark；
Fig. 7 is that present invention test concrete structure indulges face end view, and dot matrix each point indicates temperature test system in figure
The thermocouple position of system, number are arrangement distance, and unit: cm, letter are sequence mark；
Fig. 8 is present invention test concrete structure pressure cell position schematic diagram, and the size of mark structure, single in figure
Position: cm；
Fig. 9 is right above test device combustion chamber of the present invention from confined concrete structural member inner section C1 temperature test knot
Fruit；
Figure 10 is to survey right above test device combustion chamber of the present invention from the temperature of confined concrete structural member inner section C2
Test result；
Figure 11 is to survey right above test device non-combustion chamber of the present invention from confined concrete structural member inner section F1 temperature
Test result；
Figure 12 is to survey right above test device non-combustion chamber of the present invention from confined concrete structural member inner section F2 temperature
Test result；
Figure 13 is test device of the present invention from confined concrete structural member pressure against the ends test result.
In figure, 1 is fire combustion chamber, and 2 be non-fire combustion chamber, and 3 be concrete structure, and 4 be burner, and 5 be fuel
Feeding mechanism, 6 be temperature programming control device, and 7 be test macro, and 8 be from restraint system, and 9 be reinforcing rib, and 31 be pressure test
Box.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below by embodiment, the present embodiment is served only for carrying out into one the present invention
The explanation of step, but should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention, those skilled in the art can send out according to above-mentioned
Bright content makes some nonessential modifications and adaptations and belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment one
From confined concrete structural member dynamic response test device under Fire Mode
In conjunction with attached drawing, entirely from confined concrete structural member dynamic response test device include fire combustion test platform,
From confined concrete structural member and test macro, as shown in Figure 1.Fig. 1 is test device structure arrangement schematic diagram of the present invention, fire
Combustion test platform provides fire combustion system and combustion chamber and non-combustion chamber structure platform；From confined concrete structural member
Provide a kind of test and test object that the response of simulation large-sized concrete structural member internal dynamic is required；Test macro provides
From confined concrete structural member internal temperature and interior force measuring system and method.These three systems are specifically described in detail below.
(1) fire combustion test platform
The test platform is made of fire combustion chamber and non-fire combustion chamber two parts.The long 60cm in fire combustion chamber, it is wide
25cm, high 85cm, fire combustion chamber include air intake duct and smokejack, air intake duct connection can automatic ignition imflammable gas pipe
Road, smokejack are connected to outside combustion chamber；The non-long 28cm in fire combustion chamber, wide 25cm, high 85cm.Fire combustion test platform is double-deck
Refractory brick and fire-resistant heat insulating material silicic acid aluminum slurry are built.This example fire combustion test platform size is long 160cm, wide
85cm, high 85cm.Entire fire combustion test platform is made of refractory brick, and refractory brick is having a size of 24cm × 12cm × 6cm.It examines
It is higher to consider temperature in fire experiment process, combustion chamber is piled up using the double-deck refractory brick, and uses fire-resistant heat insulating material silicon
Sour aluminum slurry in the combustion chamber smear by outer wall, wraps up one layer of aluminum magnesium silicate on the outside of combustion chamber after silicic acid aluminum slurry coagulation forming
Felt plate carries out secondary heat-insulated.Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 gives the specific size of this example fire combustion test platform, and four-headed arrow is in figure
Corresponding size range, unit are cm.
Fire combustion system is using stable, controllable liquefied petroleum gas combustion system.The system is by liquefied petroleum gas, liquefaction
The components such as petroleum gas pot, burner, burner control composition.The system has technical grade burner and procedure auto-control liter
Temperature, the maximum temperature that this thermal environment analog subsystem can reach are 1300 DEG C, maximum heating rate is about 250 DEG C/
Min, meanwhile, different one time graphs of temperature can be preset.This thermal environment analog subsystem can preferably simulate tunnel
The high feature of the maximum temperature that road fire heating rate is fast, reaches, meanwhile, small, uniformity of temperature profile is fluctuated in the temperature field of generation,
In addition, entire temperature-rise period is by procedure auto-control, easy to operate, safe and reliable, combustion product cleaning.
There are two functions for fire test platform tool: (one) fire combustion chamber can be used for generating high temperature fire and coagulation
The temperature test of Tu Liang；(2) non-fire combustion chamber is for being isolated high temperature fire and beams of concrete in temperature propagation after by fire
Test and internal force distribution tests.
2) from confined concrete beam
Use standard from confined concrete beam length 120cm, wide 35cm, high 20cm, beams of concrete size in this test device
It can suitably finely tune.C25 concrete for making beams of concrete is used in implementation process.According to test purpose and requirement, and
Fire test platform size should be lain on refractory brick from confined concrete beam, reach refractory brick entirety stress.From constraint coagulation
Native beam size is as shown in Figure 4.
During actual fabrication is from confined concrete beam, corresponding wood mold coupled, root is first made according to beams of concrete size
Specific testing element is previously laid into corresponding position, casting concrete according to test purpose, the demoulding after conserving 28 days is made
Make to complete plain concrete beam.Then, it is constrained in beams of concrete surrounding with 5mm thick steel plate, is continuously welded between steel plate
To guarantee rigid constraint.To guarantee constraint of the steel plate to concrete beam components sufficient intensity, used again on the outside of steel plate reinforcing bar as
Reinforcing rib carries out surrounding constraint, is continuously welded, that is, has been completed from confined concrete between reinforcing bar and steel plate and reinforcing bar
Beam.Do not have to steel plate from two sides above and below confined concrete beam and reinforcing bar is constrained, makes that there are upper and lower two from confined concrete beam
The freedom degree in direction.In addition, being provided with a certain number of holes from the steel plate in confined concrete beam length direction, for constraining certainly
The measurement that beams of concrete deforms during by fire.Fig. 5 gives the schematic diagram from confined concrete structural member.
3) from confined concrete beam temperature and interior force measuring system
The present embodiment from confined concrete beam be 20cm thickness C25 plain concrete, temperature measurement system use range 0~
1200 DEG C of thermocouples, high temperature resistant, high sensitivity, stability are good.Arranging that 7 temperature are surveyed from confined concrete beam length direction
Section, each measuring point section length direction interval 20cm are measured, 4 sections are arranged in fire combustion chamber, and 3 sections are arranged in non-fire
Calamity combustion chamber.In 2 column of each Measure section width direction arrangement, each column width direction interval 10cm；Short transverse arranges 4 surveys
Point is measured, beams of concrete upper and lower surfaces respectively arrange 1 measurement point, it is intermediate to arrange 1 measurement point every about 7cm, it is each disconnected
Face arranges 8 temperature measuring points.Fire temperature measurement point is connected to data collecting instrument by thermocouple and carries out dynamic measurement.
Thermocouple arrangement measuring point is as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 in combustion chamber and in concrete, and dot matrix each point indicates Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature in figure
Thermocouple position, four-headed arrow and its number are arrangement distance, and unit: cm, letter are sequence mark, as A, B in Fig. 6,
C, D, E, F, G indicate longitudinal and arrange each column vertically, and A1, A2 indicate laterally to arrange each column vertically in Fig. 7, and A11 indicates specific heat
Galvanic couple cloth set is longitudinal vertical A column, laterally vertical 1 first layer thermocouple arranged.
1 concrete pressure box is being arranged from the non-fire combustor side section of confined concrete beam.In production concrete
When girder construction, soil pressure cell periphery one layer of silicic acid aluminum slurry of package is thermally insulated, is embedded into non-fire combustion later
The end of room side is burnt, conducting wire is connected to stress data acquisition instrument from upside extraction with aluminum magnesium silicate felt material package and carries out pressure survey
Examination.Concrete pressure box position is as shown in Figure 8.
The survey that test device of the present invention changes suitable for fire overall process from confined concrete beam internal temperature and internal force
Examination, can obtain concrete structure under constraint condition and fire working concrete internal temperature and internal force dynamic response it is each
Corresponding test information.The survey to concrete structure inside dynamic response under constraint condition may be implemented by the test device
Examination, is tested so as to avoid that must build large-sized concrete structural member, reduces pilot system scale, for large-scale coagulation
Soil structure part proposes a kind of new-type test platform.
Embodiment two
From the application of confined concrete structural member dynamic response test device under Fire Mode
This example is carried out using above-mentioned dynamic response test device, and preparation length × width × height is 120cm × 35cm before testing
Having from the concrete structure of constraint function for × 20cm is placed in burning platform, is separately connected combustion system and data acquisition
System, testing element thermocouple and pressure test box arrangement such as Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8 on concrete structure member, this example setting
Temperature is within the scope of 1100~1200 DEG C, and fire firing duration is 2h, and the test data duration is 3h.Test starts
Before, system data initialization process, acquisition are carried out, and set this example test temperature.After the completion of to be prepared, start to test, survey
During examination, the acquired data of each data collecting instrument of computer record.After entire test, by the temperature data and pressure of acquisition
Data extraction and analysis.
Below to be tested right above combustion chamber and from confined concrete structural member interior temperature distribution right above non-combustion chamber
As a result it is analyzed.Fig. 9 and Figure 10 is set forth right above combustion chamber from confined concrete structural member inner section C1 and C2
Temperature test result.From test result as can be seen that with the increase away from fire source distance, temperature inside concrete structure
Constantly decline.It is curve 4 in figure that wherein concrete structure bottom C14, which tests position temperature curve, temperature with the time it is rapid on
It rises, illustrates after fire source burning starts since the explosion of concrete is so that the temperature sensor of concrete structure bottom has exposed
In fire source；2nd point C13 test position temperature curve is curve 3 in figure, and temperature is significantly lower than concrete base surface temperature, and
Maximum temperature is about 375 DEG C；3rd point C12 and the 4th point C11 test position temperature curve is curve 2 and curve 1 in figure, and temperature is upper
It is held essentially constant after being raised to about 100 DEG C, but there are apparent hysteresis qualitys for the 4th point C11 temperature.Figure 10 shows basic with Fig. 9
Consistent test result illustrates to be consistent in the temperature distributing rule of same section inner concrete structural member.
Figure 11 and Figure 12 gives the temperature right above non-combustion chamber from confined concrete structural member inner section F1 and F2
Test result.From test result again it can be seen that vertical be distributed shows with away from fire source distance inside concrete structure
Increase, temperature also constantly declines.Wherein maximum temperature appears in concrete structure bottom, and maximum temperature is about 60 DEG C, this
Mainly inside concrete structure caused by heat transfer.
Figure 13 gives the test result from confined concrete structural member pressure against the ends box.It can be seen from the figure that by
Initial a period of time pressure against the ends gradually rises, and in 135min, cross-section pressure reaches maximum value, about 3.65Mpa, then by
Gradually reduce.
Claims (4)
1. the test device of concrete structure performance in a kind of simulated fire, including Combustion simulation system and test macro；It is described
Combustion simulation system is made of combustion test platform and combustion control system；Combustion test platform includes fire combustion chamber and non-fire
Calamity combustion chamber, test concrete structure are placed in simultaneously on fire combustion chamber and non-fire combustion chamber；Combustion control system to
Fire combustion chamber provides simulated fire, including fuel supply device, burner and temperature programming control device；It is characterized by:
The concrete structure is fixed on from restraint system；It is concrete structure made of rigid material from restraint system
Side surface constrains fixed device；It is made of steel plate identical with concrete structure side surface structure welding, steel plate outer surface has
The reinforcing rib of rigidity；
The test macro includes Concrete Structure Temperature test macro and internal force test system；Research on Automatic Measuring System of Temperature is by dot matrix cloth
Set the data collecting instrument composition of the thermocouple and its connection that are embedded in concrete structure；Internal force test system is mixed by being embedded in
The pressure test box of Xtah Crude Clay structure part one end and the data collecting instrument composition of connection；The concrete structure of pre-buried pressure test box
End is placed in non-fire combustion chamber side.
2. the test device of concrete structure performance in simulated fire according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the heat
Galvanic couple arranges that the distance of up and down direction neighboring thermocouple is 0.07 meter, and transverse direction is adjacent in concrete structure at dot matrix
The distance of thermocouple is 0.1 meter, and the distance of longitudinal direction neighboring thermocouple is 0.2 meter.
3. the test device of concrete structure performance in simulated fire according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the fire
By the adjacent construction of refractory material, fire combustion chamber is provided with air intake duct and smokejack composition for calamity combustion chamber and non-fire combustion chamber.
4. the test device of concrete structure performance in simulated fire according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the phase
The long 60cm in fire combustion chamber that neighbour builds, width 25cm, high 85cm, the long 28cm in non-fire combustion chamber, width 25cm, high 85cm.
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| CN110991117A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-10 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Finite element numerical simulation of transient temperature field of steel plate concrete test piece welding |
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| DE50109767D1 (en) * | 2001-10-18 | 2006-06-14 | Wageneder Johannes | Method for proving the structural safety of load-bearing systems under fire load |
| CN100587461C (en) * | 2006-08-25 | 2010-02-03 | 同济大学 | Tunnel lining component high-temperature mechanical property testing system |
| CN201364247Y (en) * | 2009-01-24 | 2009-12-16 | 董毓利 | Dual-layer/span anti-fire testing device in frame structure |
| CN101477109B (en) * | 2009-01-24 | 2013-03-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Column support full-size steel reinforced concrete two-way slab fire-resistant tester and implementing method thereof |
| CN102967328B (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2015-09-16 | 北京交通大学 | Movable body fire simulation experimental apparatus in a kind of tunnel |
| ES2567098B1 (en) * | 2014-09-16 | 2017-01-26 | Antonio MIRASOL PÉREZ-ESTUDILLO | TEST UNIT TO SIMULATE FIRE |
| CN204228643U (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-03-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Fire-resistance test system is retrained in continuous-reinforced slab face |
| CN105510381A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-04-20 | 北京交通大学 | Fire passing testing method of shield tunnel segment lining connector |
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