CN107167197B - Method and system for measuring non-full-pipe continuous flow instantaneous flow - Google Patents
Method and system for measuring non-full-pipe continuous flow instantaneous flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN107167197B CN107167197B CN201710543230.6A CN201710543230A CN107167197B CN 107167197 B CN107167197 B CN 107167197B CN 201710543230 A CN201710543230 A CN 201710543230A CN 107167197 B CN107167197 B CN 107167197B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F3/00—Measuring the volume flow of fluids or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through the meter in successive and more or less isolated quantities, the meter being driven by the flow
- G01F3/24—Measuring the volume flow of fluids or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through the meter in successive and more or less isolated quantities, the meter being driven by the flow with measuring chambers moved during operation
- G01F3/28—Measuring the volume flow of fluids or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through the meter in successive and more or less isolated quantities, the meter being driven by the flow with measuring chambers moved during operation on carriers rotated by the weight of the liquid in the measuring chambers
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for measuring the instantaneous flow of non-full-pipe continuous flow, wherein the system comprises four parts of a pipeline matching device, an automatic bucket turning device, a float switch recording device and a flow integrating instrument, the pipeline matching device is wholly right-angled, a horizontal section is connected with a measured fluid pipeline, an automatic bucket turning device is arranged right below the vertical section and is a moving part of the system, and consists of a bucket turning device, a bracket and a limiting rope, wherein a float switch recording device is arranged in the bucket turning device and is connected with a flow integrating instrument. The method for measuring the instantaneous flow of the non-full-pipe continuous flow is suitable for clean falling flow with a certain fall or falling flow containing partial impurities, has a large measuring range, and is particularly suitable for the condition of large fluctuation of the flow of a pipeline. The measuring device has the advantages of easily available manufacturing materials, simple structure, convenient installation, no need of external power supply and lower cost, the automatic recording device has an automatic recording function, is suitable for long-term continuous monitoring, has strong adaptability to the field, and is suitable for wide-range use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flow measurement, and particularly relates to a method and a system for measuring non-full-pipe continuous flow instantaneous flow.
Background
Urban sewage comprises domestic sewage and industrial wastewater, contains a large amount of waste heat and pollutants, and can be reused after certain treatment. The related data show that the urban sewage water temperature in China is 5-35 ℃, the annual fluctuation is small, and the urban sewage water temperature is warm in winter and cool in summer and is an excellent low-temperature heat source. With the development of national economy, the total sewage discharge amount of China is increased year by year, the 2015 year reaches 7353226.83 ten thousand tons, and the sewage heat resource utilization has great potential.
In order to control water resource pollution and realize cyclic utilization, china goes out from a plurality of regulations to control urban sewage discharge and treatment, wherein the sewage quantity is an important monitoring parameter. Most of the liquid in the urban sewage drainage system and the treatment system flows in a non-full pipe, contains partial impurities, has certain corrosiveness, is easily influenced by living and production habits of local personnel, and has the advantages of smaller pipe network scale and more severe flow fluctuation, so that the pipeline to be detected has variable fullness and even intermittent flow in actual conditions, and has relatively bad monitoring site conditions and higher requirements on a flowmeter.
The liquid flow meter commonly used in the market is divided into a positive displacement flow meter and a speed flow meter, wherein the positive displacement flow meter adopts a standard fixed volume to continuously measure fluid, but has higher requirements on the cleanliness of the fluid, and the speed flow meter indirectly obtains the flow by measuring the average flow velocity in a pipeline and combining the sectional area of the pipeline. Both of the above two types of conventional flowmeters are not suitable for use in non-full pipe conditions. In recent years, some non-full pipe flowmeters are developed in succession, and a non-full pipe electromagnetic flowmeter and a non-full pipe ultrasonic flowmeter are widely applied, which increase the function of measuring the liquid level in a pipe through electromagnetic technology or ultrasonic technology on the basis of the traditional flowmeters, but the flowmeters have higher cost, the pipeline is usually required to be excavated during installation, the construction amount is larger, stable strong electricity supply is required to be ensured on site if long-term continuous monitoring is realized, and in addition, the flowmeters are easy to cause larger errors under the condition of smaller pipeline fullness, so that contradiction is formed with a severe monitoring site.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a system for measuring the non-full-pipe continuous flow instantaneous flow, and solves the problems of high cost and large error of the method for measuring the non-full-pipe continuous flow instantaneous flow in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a measurement system of non-full pipe continuous flow instantaneous flow, includes four major components of pipeline cooperation device, automatic bucket turning device, float switch recorder and flow totalizer, pipeline cooperation device is the water conservancy diversion part of this system, wholly is the right angle, and the horizontal segment is connected with the fluid pipeline that surveys, sets up automatic bucket turning device under the vertical segment, and automatic bucket turning device is the moving part of this system, by turning bucket, support, spacing rope constitute, turns over the bucket and is the water storage container, installs on the support, turns over the barrel middle part and is equipped with the eccentric shaft down, and the barrel bottom is furnished with the heavy object; a float switch recording device is arranged in the turning barrel, is a recording part of the system and consists of a float switch and a switching value recorder; the float switch recording device is connected with the flow integrating instrument.
The weight is a strip-shaped iron block and is arranged at the diameter position of the bottom circle of the bucket, penetrates through the whole bucket bottom, is perpendicular to the axis of the eccentric shaft, and is biased towards one side of the float switch recording device, so that the empty bucket is ensured to incline towards the side where the float switch recording device is arranged in an initial state.
The outer diameter of the horizontal section of the pipeline matching device is slightly smaller than the circular pipe of the inner diameter of the fluid pipeline, and the vertical section is a diversion trench with baffles arranged on the left side, the front side and the right side of the pipeline outlet direction.
A method for measuring the instantaneous flow of non-full-pipe continuous flow comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) selecting a measuring pipe section: the lower part of the pipeline is provided with enough installation space;
(2) Measurement system installation dimension determination: the basic size of the pipeline to be detected and the distance between the pipeline and surrounding environmental barriers are required to be obtained, and the installation size of the system is determined according to the specific situation of the site, so that the bucket turning is ensured not to be blocked in the turning process;
(3) Installing and fixing a measuring system, and observing whether the barrel overturning device can continuously operate under fluid impact or not, and whether the flow integrating instrument can normally output fluid flow or not;
(4) Collecting data and calculating: when in detection, fluid flows into the automatic bucket turning device, the float switch recording device automatically reads data, and the flow integrating instrument calculates and outputs flow data.
The automatic data reading of the float switch recording device in the step (4) means that after the fluid falls from the notch, the bucket is turned over to start water storage, when the water level in the bucket reaches a certain height, the float moves to an upper limit under the action of buoyancy, the switch is opened, the switch quantity recorder records, the bucket is gradually inclined until the bucket is turned over along with the increase of the water quantity in the bucket, the liquid in the bucket is completely spilled out, the bucket is quickly turned back under the action of the bottom counterweight and then quickly returns to the initial position under the assistance of the limit rope, meanwhile, the float falls back to the lower limit, the switch is closed, the recorder synchronously records, at this time, one movement period is ended, and the bucket is turned over to start the water storage activity of the next round.
The flow integrating instrument in the step (4) is calculated as follows:
instantaneous flow G and cumulative flow m for non-full pipe flow T The calculation formula is as follows:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,
t-period duration, s;
T f -the water receiving stage is time-consuming, s;
T l the overturning stage is time-consuming, s;
g-flow of water, m 3 /h；
m f Turns over water, m 3 ；
m T The water quantity flowing down in the nth period, m 3 。
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the method for measuring the instantaneous flow of the non-full-pipe continuous flow is suitable for clean falling flow with a certain fall or falling flow containing partial impurities, has a large measuring range, and is particularly suitable for the condition of large fluctuation of the flow of a pipeline. The measuring device has the advantages of easily available manufacturing materials, simple structure, convenient installation, no need of an external power supply, lower cost, automatic recording function, suitability for long-term continuous monitoring, stronger adaptability to the field and suitability for wide-range use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a non-full pipe continuous flow instantaneous flow measurement system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a non-full pipe continuous flow instantaneous flow measurement system;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the data recording situation of the switching value recorder;
FIG. 4 is a schematic field installation; wherein (a) is a front view; (b) is a side view; (c) is a top view;
FIG. 5 example 1 is a graph showing the flow of domestic sewage measured on a day in dormitory building;
wherein, 1, turning over the barrel; 2. a bracket; 3. a limit rope; 4. float switch recording means; 5. a flow integrating instrument; 6. a counterweight; 7. a pipe fitting device; 8. a bilge well; 9. and a cross beam.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
The non-full pipe continuous flow instantaneous flow measurement system comprises four components: the pipeline matching device 7, the automatic bucket turning device, the float switch recording device 4 and the flow integrating instrument 5 are shown in the figure 1, and the basic structure of the device is shown in the figure 2. The pipeline matching device 7 is a diversion component of the system, the whole pipeline matching device is in a right angle, the horizontal section of the pipeline matching device is a circular pipe with the outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of a fluid pipeline, the vertical section is a diversion trench with baffles arranged on the left side, the front side and the right side of the outlet direction of the pipeline, the concrete form of the pipeline matching device is shown as 7 in fig. 2, the horizontal section is connected with the actual pipeline section to prolong the pipeline, and the baffles of the vertical section are used for discharging the impact force of the fluid in the horizontal direction so as to achieve the purpose of diversion; the automatic bucket turning device is a moving part of the system and consists of a bucket turning 1, a bracket 2 and a limiting rope 3, wherein the bucket turning 1 is a water storage container and is arranged on the bracket 2, an eccentric shaft is arranged at the lower position of the middle part, a weight 6 is arranged at the bottom of the bucket, and the bucket can be turned over and turned back automatically according to the mechanics principle during operation, and the limiting rope 3 can assist the bucket turning to be quickly and righted; the float switch recording device 4 is a recording part of the system and consists of a float switch and a switching value recorder, wherein the float moves up and down to trigger a switch action when in operation, and the switching value recorder records the switch state and the corresponding date and time at the same time; the flow integrating instrument is a calculating part of the system, can read the data stored by the recorder, and calculates and outputs flow data according to a certain algorithm.
The following details the operation process, data collection condition and flow calculation method of the system:
when in actual use, the horizontal section of the pipeline matching device 7 is inserted into a fluid pipeline, the contact part of the two is smeared with sealing substances to ensure that no fluid leaks, the notch of the vertical section is aligned with the barrel mouth of the barrel 1 arranged below, the vertical distance between the two is larger than the distance required by the overturning of the barrel 1, after the fluid falls down from the notch, the barrel 1 starts to store water, when the water level in the barrel reaches a certain height, the floater moves to an upper limit under the action of buoyancy, the switch is opened, the switch volume recorder records, the barrel 1 gradually tilts until the barrel is overturned along with the increase of the water level in the barrel, the liquid in the barrel is completely spilled, the barrel is quickly overturned under the action of the bottom counterweight 6, the barrel returns to the initial position quickly under the assistance of the limit rope 3, the floater falls back to the limit, the switch is closed, the recorder synchronously records, at the moment, one movement cycle ends, and the barrel starts the next round of water storage movement.
The switching value recorder is used as a data acquisition device and records the opening and closing state of the float switch (or the height position of the float) and the corresponding date and time, the recorded data obtained by a certain experiment is shown in fig. 3, and the figure can find that: the float switch is periodically opened and closed, and the corresponding floats periodically move up and down. Taking a certain period a-a' in the figure as an example, in the period a-b, the float switch is switched from closed to open, at the moment, the bucket is turned over to start water storage, and the float gradually floats to an upper limit; assuming that the bucket is turned over at the moment c and the float switch is always turned on in the period b-c, the water level in the bucket is raised, the bucket body is gradually inclined, and the float is always positioned at the upper limit; c-a', the float switch is turned over from on to off, the corresponding bucket is turned over, the liquid is spilled out, and the float finally falls to the lower limit.
Obviously, the periods a-c correspond to the bucket turning and water receiving process, the periods c-a' correspond to the bucket turning and turning process, the mass of liquid poured out by each bucket turning and turning is measured to be a certain value, the water turning amount is called, and the weight of the liquid is m f The water quantity flowing down in the periods a-c is expressed as the water quantity of the bucket, so the periods a-c are called as T f The experiment shows that the time for turning over the bucket and turning back is 3-4 s, and the length of the bucket corresponds to the period c-a', which is called T l 。
But there are two special cases to be noted:
firstly, the first period of bucket turning operation, when not in use, the floater is always positioned at the lower limit, the recorder does not record the signal, so the time length of the first period cannot be completely recorded, and the process should be omitted during data processing; second, as shown in FIG. 3, the floats can be turned up and down rapidly at the periodic junctionsThis is because the bucket is swayed back and forth when turned back, and cannot be quickly stabilized, and the turning time of the floater should be counted as T l Is a kind of medium.
Thus, the instantaneous flow rate G and the cumulative flow rate m of the non-full pipe flow T The calculation formula is as follows:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,
t-period duration, s;
T f -the water receiving stage is time-consuming, s;
T l the overturning stage is time-consuming, s;
g-flow of water, m 3 /h；
m f Turns over water, m 3 ；
m T The water quantity flowing down in the nth period, m 3 。
In summary, the basic process of non-full pipe continuous flow instantaneous flow measurement is as follows:
(1) And (3) selecting a measuring pipe section: the lower part of the pipeline is provided with enough installation space;
(2) Measurement system installation dimension determination: the basic size of the pipeline to be detected and the distance between the pipeline and surrounding environmental barriers are required to be obtained, and the installation size of the system is determined according to the specific conditions of the site (the specific site is specified in the specific embodiment), so that the bucket turning is ensured not to be blocked in the turning process;
(3) Installing and fixing a measuring system, and observing whether the barrel overturning device can continuously operate under fluid impact or not, and whether the flow integrating instrument can normally output fluid flow or not;
(4) Collecting data: the device automatically reads and records the flow data output by the flow integrating instrument.
Example 1:
the system is practically applied to measurement of domestic sewage flow of dormitory buildings in certain universities, the building drainage pipeline is positioned in a sewage inspection well, the inner diameter of a well body is 980mm, the inner diameter of the drainage pipeline is 280mm, the pipeline is 1550mm away from a well head, the water surface is 3500mm away from the well head, the field situation is as shown in fig. 4, the drainage pipeline is made of PVC corrugated pipes, the length of the extended well wall is shorter, if a turning barrel is directly arranged below the pipeline, the wall is needed to be bumped in the turning barrel turning process, and therefore, the monitoring field needs to be simply modified:
the material and the specific size of the pipeline matching device are determined for the field, and because domestic sewage is corrosive, the device is made of galvanized steel, the outer diameter of a horizontal section circular pipe is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of a drain pipe, the horizontal section circular pipe comprises an insertion section and an extension section, the extension section is approximately equal to the radius of a well body, and the drain pipe is ensured to be prolonged to the central position of a sewage well 8; the cross section size of the vertical section diversion trench is determined according to the size of the bucket opening of the bucket, the edge of the notch is not beyond the bucket edge in the initial installation state, the design flow and the design fullness of the drain pipe are referred to by the vertical dimension of the diversion trench, the relation between the falling height and the advancing distance in the falling process is determined by estimating the maximum horizontal flow velocity of sewage, the dimension of the diversion trench in the advancing direction of the water flow is obtained in the front, the falling height of the sewage is reversely pushed according to the dimension, the dimension of the vertical dimension of the diversion trench is larger than the height, and a small amount of allowance is added. When in actual use, one end of the pipeline matching device extends into the drainage pipeline to be fixed, the bucket turning device is arranged below the diversion trench, and sewage is hit to the vertical baffle flitch of the diversion trench to flow into the bucket turning below through field observation, so that the diversion and turning effects are good. Because the on-site pipeline is deeper, the device mounting bracket is longer, and in order to avoid overlarge front-back shaking amplitude of the bracket when the bucket is turned over, the cross beam 9 is specially arranged above the in-well extension pipe for limiting.
After the installation, the measuring device can continuously run under the action of sewage flow, and the daily domestic sewage flow is measured as shown in fig. 5. From the figure, it can be speculated that: the water for students in dormitory buildings is concentrated at 9 am, the water for other periods is dispersed, but the water for 19-0 m later is slightly larger, almost no water is used for 5 m earlier, and the content accords with the actual condition, so that the domestic sewage flow data measured by the device is reliable.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The method for measuring the instantaneous flow of the non-full-pipe continuous flow is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) And (3) selecting a measuring pipe section: the lower part of the pipeline is provided with enough installation space;
(2) Measurement system installation dimension determination: the basic size of the pipeline to be detected and the distance between the pipeline and surrounding environmental barriers are required to be obtained, and the installation size of the system is determined according to the specific situation of the site, so that the bucket turning is ensured not to be blocked in the turning process;
(3) Installing and fixing a measuring system, and observing whether the barrel overturning device can continuously operate under fluid impact or not, and whether the flow integrating instrument can normally output fluid flow or not;
(4) Collecting data and calculating: when in detection, fluid flows into the automatic bucket turning device, the float switch recording device automatically reads data, and the flow integrating instrument calculates and outputs flow data.
The automatic data reading of the float switch recording device in the step (4) means that after the fluid falls from a notch, the bucket is turned over to start water storage, when the water level in the bucket reaches a certain height, the float moves to an upper limit under the action of buoyancy, the switch is opened, the switch quantity recorder records, the bucket is gradually inclined until the bucket is turned over along with the increase of the water quantity in the bucket, the liquid in the bucket is completely spilled out, the bucket is quickly turned back under the action of a bottom counterweight and quickly returns to an initial position under the assistance of a limit rope, meanwhile, the float falls back to a lower limit, the switch is closed, the recorder synchronously records, at the moment, one movement period is finished, and the bucket is turned over to start the water storage activity of the next round;
the flow integrating instrument in the step (4) is calculated as follows:
instantaneous flow G and cumulative flow m for non-full pipe flow T The calculation formula is as follows:
in the above-mentioned method, the step of,
t-period duration, s;
T f -the water receiving stage is time-consuming, s;
T l the overturning stage is time-consuming, s;
g-flow of water, m 3 /h；
m f Turns over water, m 3 ；
m T The water quantity flowing down in the nth period, m 3 。
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| CN108760911A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-06 | 杭州谱可检测技术有限公司 | The detection device and method of fenbutatin oxide are remained in vegetable and fruit based on LC-MS |
| CN111735511B (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2022-04-22 | 北京工业大学 | Intermittent drainage water quantity monitoring system and method |
| CN112729421B (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-05-17 | 安徽省锐凌计量器制造有限公司 | Multi-pipe-diameter non-full pipe flowmeter and installation and use method thereof |
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