CN107156057B - Wild panda domestication method by artificial intervention of releasing and returning - Google Patents
Wild panda domestication method by artificial intervention of releasing and returning Download PDFInfo
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- CN107156057B CN107156057B CN201710576548.4A CN201710576548A CN107156057B CN 107156057 B CN107156057 B CN 107156057B CN 201710576548 A CN201710576548 A CN 201710576548A CN 107156057 B CN107156057 B CN 107156057B
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- 208000025174 PANDAS Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 208000021155 Paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 235000016496 Panda oleosa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 240000000220 Panda oleosa Species 0.000 title 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 240000004718 Panda Species 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000036626 alertness Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002996 emotional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008451 emotion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000282452 Ailuropoda melanoleuca Species 0.000 description 9
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000366 juvenile effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000282451 Ailuropoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000938605 Crocodylia Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011066 ex-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035611 feeding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003716 rejuvenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a wild panda homing artificial intervention domestication method, which comprises the following steps of (1) emotional culture: isolating the wild individuals from the mother animals, and enabling the putting persons to be in independent contact with the wild individuals; (2) the behavior training comprises the steps that the returning personnel train the behaviors of the wild individuals, including the training of activity, tree climbing capacity, independence, alertness to the outside and exploration capacity; (3) field environment adaptation: the returning personnel train the field survivability of the wild individuals, including the training of searching food, searching water sources, avoiding natural enemies and hiding capacity. The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method, manual intervention is added in the wild panda training process, so that the emotion establishment of the released individuals and scientific research personnel is facilitated, and the monitoring after the release is facilitated; the wild panda is put under the artificial guidance, so that the wild panda is gradually adapted to the wild environment; the ability of adapting to the field environment is improved, thereby further ensuring the success rate of returning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of panda wilding training, in particular to a panda wilding homing artificial intervention domestication method.
Background
Pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuuca) are one of the most rare or endangered wild animals in the world and are the species of flagship for protection of biology. Due to geographical obstacles and human interference, panda habitats are broken, and the number of wild panda small populations is even only a few, so that the wildlife panda habitats are in danger of losing genetic diversity and partially extincting the populations. Although the local protection and the ex-situ protection achieve better results, a plurality of potential risks exist in six distributed areas of wild pandas, habitat fragmentation isolates gene communication among wild panda populations, the persistence of the small populations is seriously threatened, isolated small-population pandas can be died if manual intervention is not carried out, and therefore the small panda populations in the areas need to be rejuvenated urgently, and the ability and the vitality of the populations to continue survival need to be maintained by increasing genetic diversity. Therefore, the wildlife of pandas is the focus of the current biological protective study. But pandas are reluctant to successfully live because of the large area of the home, harsh food conditions and habitat they require. Compared with wild individuals, the captive pandas have the problems of reduced exercise activity, insufficient feeding skills and the like, so the success rate of the captive individuals of large animals to return to hard is extremely low, the pandas are national first-grade protective animals, and the problem of how to improve the success rate of the captive pandas to return to hard is urgently to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wild panda homing artificial intervention domestication method, which enables wild homing individuals to gradually adapt to the wild environment and learn the survival skills of wild pandas, thereby improving the ability of the wild pandas to adapt to the wild environment and increasing the success rate of homing.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a wild panda domestication method by artificial intervention of releasing and returning comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) emotional culture: isolating the wild individuals from the mother animals, and enabling the putting persons to be in independent contact with the wild individuals;
(2) the behavior training comprises that the returning personnel train the behaviors of the wild individuals, including the training of activity, tree climbing ability, independence, alertness to the outside and exploration ability, and the training field is a first half-wild training field;
(3) field environment adaptation: the homing personnel train the field survivability of the wild individuals, including the training of searching food, searching water sources, avoiding natural enemies and hiding capacity, and the training field is a second semi-wild training field;
the first semi-wildlife training field is a fence area artificially constructed according to a simulated field environment, the fence area is provided with a natural ecosystem for artificially trapping panda individuals for field survival and animal conditions for the wild pandas to live, and the fence area is free of natural enemies of the pandas;
the second semi-wilding training field is provided with a natural ecosystem for the survival of wild pandas, transitively adaptive food and natural water sources, and animal conditions for the survival of wild pandas, and is provided with a plurality of feeding points according to the terrain, and the area does not have natural enemies of the pandas; the transitional adaptive food is natural wild bamboo in an adaptive field, and the variety is determined according to the adaptive field environment; the companion animals mainly refer to birds, amphibians, reptiles and other animals in the environment of the adaptation field.
(4) Putting in the field: and (3) putting the wild individuals trained in the steps (1), (2) and (3) into a wild panda habitat.
Preferably, the wild individual in the step (1) is subjected to emotional culture at the age of 7-9 months; the returning person and the wild individual are in 2-4 hours each day, and the mother animal is not in contact with each other, and the time is 1-2 hours each in the morning and afternoon.
Preferably, the wild individuals in the step (2) are subjected to behavior training in a first half-wild training field at the age of 10-17 months; the returning personnel perform 2-4 hours of behavior training on the wild individual every day, and the behavior training lasts for 1-2 hours in the morning and afternoon respectively.
Preferably, in the step (3), the wild individuals with the age of 18-24 months are subjected to field environment adaptation training in a second semi-wild training field; feeding the returned personnel at different feeding points every morning and afternoon; when the wild individuals are 18-21 months old, the returning personnel are placed to lead the wild individuals to search for food and water sources, and when the wild individuals are 22-24 months old, the wild individuals search for the food and water sources; and (4) performing 1-2 hours of training of hiding natural enemies and hiding capacity on the wild individuals by the members to be classified every day at variable time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. juvenile animals have a strong search, cognition and follow instinct since birth, so the best period to establish emotion with the animal is juvenile. The survival condition after the returning, the utilization of habitat, the gene exchange of population and the like are one of the signs of success or failure of returning, and the later monitoring of returning the captive pandas to the field has important significance for returning research. The pandas have high alertness to external interference, so that certain difficulty is brought to monitoring after releasing and returning, manual intervention is added in the wildlife training process of the pandas, emotion establishment of wildlife individuals and scientific research personnel is facilitated, and monitoring after releasing and returning is facilitated.
2. The wild giant pandas mainly depend on the specific resources of the habitats of the wild giant pandas to finish the actions of dodging natural enemies, feeding, resting, breeding offspring and the like, and the wild training aims to ensure that the captive giant pandas gradually adapt to the field living environment under the manual intervention, learn the living skills of the wild giant pandas and finally return to the field as a power amplifier so as to rejuvenate the wild giant panda population or reintroduce the wild giant panda into the historical distribution area; the method can help captive giant pandas increase the activity of wild giant pandas, enhance the tree climbing ability, independence, alertness and exploration ability to the outside, gradually learn the survival skills of the wild giant pandas, and improve the success rate of releasing and returning.
3. The wild panda is put under the artificial guidance, so that the wild panda is gradually adapted to the wild environment; the ability of adapting to the field environment is improved, thereby further ensuring the success rate of returning.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. Embodiments of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following examples.
[ example 1]
Wild individuals began intervention in 7-month age wildlife training. Placing the live stock in a captive indoor or outdoor place, and making contact with the wild stock for 2 hours each day, wherein the contact time is 1 hour each in the morning and afternoon.
Wild individuals were moved to the first half-wildlife training arena at 10 months of age. The returning personnel carry out wild training on the behaviors of the wild individuals, and the training mainly comprises the training of activity, tree climbing capacity, independence, alertness to the outside and exploration capacity. The returning personnel bring the wild pandas to a semi-wildernized training field, and conduct 2 hours of behavior training for the wild pandas every day according to the activity rhythm and behavior of the wild pandas, wherein the training is divided into 1 hour in the morning and the afternoon.
Wild individuals were moved to the second semi-wildlife training arena at age 17 months. The homing personnel carry out field environment adaptation training on the field individuals, and mainly comprises the training of searching food, searching water sources, avoiding natural enemies and hiding capacity. Feeding the returned personnel at different feeding points every morning and afternoon; at the age of 18-21 months, the returning personnel can carry the wild individual to search food and water sources, and at the age of 22-24 months, the wild individual can search the food and water sources. In addition, the lay-in personnel can carry out training of avoiding natural enemies and hiding ability for 1 hour on wild individuals at irregular time every day.
Wild individuals returned to the wild at 25 months of age.
[ example 2]
Wild individuals began intervention in 7-month age wildlife training. Placing the live stock in a captive indoor or outdoor place, and making contact with wild stock for 4 hours each day, wherein the contact time is 2 hours each in the morning and afternoon.
Wild individuals were moved to the first half-wildlife training arena at 10 months of age. The returning personnel carry out wild training on the behaviors of the wild individuals, and the training mainly comprises the training of activity, tree climbing capacity, independence, alertness to the outside and exploration capacity. The returning personnel bring the wild pandas to a semi-wildernized training field, and conduct 4 hours of behavior training for the wild pandas every day according to the activity rhythm and behavior of the wild pandas, which are divided into 2 hours in the morning and afternoon.
Wild individuals were moved to the second semi-wildlife training arena at age 17 months. The homing personnel carry out field environment adaptation training on the field individuals, and mainly comprises the training of searching food, searching water sources, avoiding natural enemies and hiding capacity. Feeding the returned personnel at different feeding points every morning and afternoon; at the age of 18-21 months, the returning personnel can carry the wild individual to search food and water sources, and at the age of 22-24 months, the wild individual can search the food and water sources. In addition, the lay-in personnel can carry out 2-hour training of hiding natural enemies and hiding ability on wild individuals at irregular time every day.
Wild individuals returned to the wild at 25 months of age.
The above description is an embodiment of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any structural changes made under the teaching of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention, which is similar or similar to the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A wild panda domestication method by artificial intervention of releasing and returning is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) emotional culture: isolating the wild individuals from the mother animals, and enabling the putting persons to be in independent contact with the wild individuals;
(2) and (3) behavior training: the returning personnel train the behaviors of the wild individuals, including the training of activity, tree climbing capacity, independence, alertness to the outside and exploration capacity, and the training field is a first semi-wild training field;
(3) field environment adaptation: the homing personnel train the field survivability of the wild individuals, including the training of searching food, searching water sources, avoiding natural enemies and hiding capacity, and the training field is a second semi-wild training field;
the first semi-wildlife training field is a fence area artificially constructed according to a simulated field environment, the fence area is provided with a natural ecosystem for artificially trapping panda individuals for field survival, transitive adaptive food and natural water sources, and accompanying animal conditions for the wild pandas to live, and the fence area is free of natural enemies of the pandas;
the second semi-wilding training field is provided with a natural ecosystem for the survival of wild pandas, transitionally adapted food and natural water sources, and accompanying animal conditions for the survival of wild pandas, and is provided with a plurality of feeding points according to the terrain, and the area has no natural enemies of the pandas;
(4) putting in the field: putting the wild individuals trained in the steps (1), (2) and (3) into a wild panda habitat; the wild individual in the step (1) is subjected to emotional culture at the age of 7-9 months; the returning person and the wild individual are in 2-4 hours each day, and the mother animal is not in contact with each other, and the time is 1-2 hours each in the morning and afternoon.
2. The wild panda domestication method through artificial intervention of relegation according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (2), the wild individuals with the age of 10-17 months are subjected to behavior training in a first half-wild training field; the returning personnel perform 2-4 hours of behavior training on the wild individual every day, and the behavior training lasts for 1-2 hours in the morning and afternoon respectively.
3. The wild panda domestication method through artificial intervention of relegation according to claim 1, characterized in that: carrying out field environment adaptive training on the wild individuals in the step (3) with the age of 18-24 months in a second semi-wild training field; feeding the returned personnel at different feeding points every morning and afternoon; when the wild individuals are 18-21 months old, the returning personnel are placed to lead the wild individuals to search for food and water sources, and when the wild individuals are 22-24 months old, the wild individuals search for the food and water sources; and (4) performing 1-2 hours of training of hiding natural enemies and hiding capacity on the wild individuals by the members to be classified every day at variable time.
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| CN107156057B true CN107156057B (en) | 2020-09-29 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109349166B (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2020-04-28 | 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 | Wild training method for Chinese sturgeons |
| CN113142128B (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-10-15 | 中山大学 | Method for releasing pandas in different places in wild way |
| CN113826581A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-12-24 | 江苏省家禽科学研究所 | Method for breeding commercial young pigeons |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102388834A (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2012-03-28 | 拉萨尼达自然生态开发有限公司 | Method for hatching and breeding anser indicus |
| CN104686420A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-06-10 | 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 | Procypris rabaudi releasing fingerling wild breeding method |
| CN104763256A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-07-08 | 四川卧龙国家级自然保护区管理局 | Panda releasing cage |
| CN106719387A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-05-31 | 中国大熊猫保护研究中心 | A kind of Wild training method of giant panda |
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- 2017-07-14 CN CN201710576548.4A patent/CN107156057B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102388834A (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2012-03-28 | 拉萨尼达自然生态开发有限公司 | Method for hatching and breeding anser indicus |
| CN104686420A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-06-10 | 中国长江三峡集团公司中华鲟研究所 | Procypris rabaudi releasing fingerling wild breeding method |
| CN104763256A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2015-07-08 | 四川卧龙国家级自然保护区管理局 | Panda releasing cage |
| CN106719387A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-05-31 | 中国大熊猫保护研究中心 | A kind of Wild training method of giant panda |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 卧龙圈养大熊猫母兽带仔野化培训;李德生等;《生物学通报》;20110720;第46卷(第7期);第13-15页 * |
| 大熊猫 (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) 生境选择研究进展;杨春花等;《生态学报》;20061030(第10期);全文 * |
| 大熊猫放归计划框架与操作程序初探;崔多英等;《野生动物》;20050730(第4期);全文 * |
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