CN107155108B - A kind of intra-frame prediction method based on brightness change - Google Patents
A kind of intra-frame prediction method based on brightness change Download PDFInfo
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- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of video coding, and in particular to a kind of intra-frame prediction method based on brightness change.The method of the present invention includes selections to be suitable for the optimal reference template of brightness change, establishes consistency luminance compensation model, carries out luminance compensation prediction in frame, implementation rate distortion decision and encodes optimization model totally four steps.By introducing linear regression model (LRM), the method for consistency luminance compensation prediction is proposed, finally solves the problems, such as that template and corresponding reconstruction Block- matching are inconsistent in template matching, improve coding efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of video coding, and in particular to a kind of intra-frame prediction method based on brightness change.
Background technique
As a kind of effective prediction mode, it allows for the spatial information (si) redundancy of image, utilizes airspace intra prediction
Correlation between encoding block extracts reference information from coded block around to predict block to be encoded.Newest video is compiled at present
Intra-frame coding techniques in code standard are all using the reconstruction pixel of the column of the current block left side one and top a line as reference pixel
Carry out the intra prediction of different angle.It, can be in fact, the current left side of block to be encoded and the pixel of top have been completed to rebuild
It is used as predicting the reference pixel of current block to be encoded.It, can be from different directions to currently wait compile when carrying out intra prediction
Code block is predicted that H.264 angle mode only has 9 kinds in frame, and angle mode increases to 35 kinds in frame H.265, compared to
H.265, angle mode from 35 kinds increases 67 kinds in frame H.266.The angle of more crypto set can bring better prediction
Effect, Fig. 1 give direction schematic diagram when angle mode in 67 kinds of frames H.266 carries out intra prediction, when mode number is 0
When, indicate Planar mode；When mode number is 1, DC mode is indicated；Black solid arrow indicates the angle prediction side of original HEVC
To (2,4,6,8 ..., 64,66), black dotted arrow is newly-increased angle prediction direction (3,5,7,9 .., 63,65), is more encrypted
The angle mode of collection can be more accurate the current block to be encoded of prediction so that prediction block is more nearly original coding block,
It is less to encode the bit transmitted required for current block, so that coding efficiency is more excellent.
However, these technologies all only consider using the partial reconstruction pixel of the current block left side and top as reference information,
In fact, may exist closer to current block, or in reconstructed block inside encoded reconstructed frame there are many reconstructed block
Consistent piece of brightness change of many brightness and current block to be encoded, these reconstructed blocks are compared to the left side of part or the weight of top
It builds block and is more nearly current original block, therefore reconstructed block in a certain range all can serve as the reference information of current block, make
Bit needed for current block must be encoded is less, so that coding efficiency is more excellent.
Summary of the invention
It is to be solved by this invention, aiming at the above problem, provide a kind of intra prediction side based on brightness change
Method.
The technical scheme is that
A kind of intra-frame prediction method based on brightness change, this method are used as ginseng based on all pixels that present frame has been rebuild
Information is examined, for obtaining present encoding block, which comprises the following steps:
S1, selection are suitable for the optimal reference template of brightness change, specifically:
S11, the following formula 1 of template measurement standard is established:
In formula 1, TPredIndicate the template of current block to be encoded, TRecIndicate the reference template of reconstructed block, TavgIt indicates
TPredAnd TRecThe difference of mean value, following formula 2, L indicate the length of template, MRSAD (TPred,TRec) indicate TPredWith TRec?
With degree；Measurement standard is used as using MRSAD (Mean-Removed Sum of Absolute Differences) in this programme,
To characterize the consistency matching degree of present encoding block.
Wherein, TPredInitial value be that the upper surface of current encoded image block a line left side one arranges；
S12, according to the measurement standard in step S11, rebuild part by searching for present frame, obtained optimal reference template
TRec_Best, optimal reference template TRec_BestIt is exactly all reference template T rebuildRecIn with current template TPredBetween MRSAD
The smallest TRec, following formula 3:
In formula 3, D indicates reference template TRecSearch range in present frame reconstructed block.
S2, consistency luminance compensation model is established, specifically:
In order to solve reference template TRecInconsistent problem is matched with corresponding reconstructed block Rec, it is assumed that current template TPredWith
Reference template TRecApproximation meets the following formula 4 of linear relationship:
T'Pred=aTRec+ b (formula 4)
In formula 4, T'PredIt is current template TPredApproximate representation, a and b are compensation factor；Using least square method, turn
Turn to the following formula 5 of optimization problem:
argmin||TPred-T'Pred| | (formula 5)
It is equivalent to following formula 6:
argmin||TPred-a·TRec- b | | (formula 6)
Compensation factor a and b are asked, so that formula 6 is minimum, then can solve optimization problem and obtain compensation factor a and b is such as
Shown in lower formula 7 and formula 8:
S3, luminance compensation prediction in frame is carried out:
According to the optimal reference template T obtained in step S1Rec_Best, can in conjunction with the formula 7 and formula 8 established in step S2
To obtain the compensation factor a and b of optimal current template；By compensation factor a and b, the predicted value of current block to be encoded is obtained such as
Lower formula 9:
Pred [x, y]=aRec [x, y]+b (formula 9)
In formula 9, coordinate is the position of the pixel of (x, y) in x and y presentation code block, and Pred indicates current block to be encoded
Predicted value, Rec represents TRecCorresponding reconstructed block predicted value.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are that, relative to traditional scheme, the present invention proposes one by introducing linear regression model (LRM)
The method of cause property luminance compensation prediction, finally solves the problems, such as that template and corresponding reconstruction Block- matching are inconsistent in template matching,
Improve coding efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be current newest video encoding standard H.266 in 67 kinds of coding mode schematic diagrames；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the intra-frame prediction method based on brightness change；
Fig. 3 is 1 coding side mode decision flow chart of embodiment；
Fig. 4 is 1 decoding end mode decision flow chart of embodiment；
Fig. 5 is 2 coding side mode decision flow chart of embodiment；
Fig. 6 is 2 decoding end mode decision flow chart of embodiment；
Fig. 7 is 3 coding side mode decision flow chart of embodiment；
Fig. 8 is 3 decoding end mode decision flow chart of embodiment.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the technical schemes of the invention are described in detail:
Embodiment 1
Giving intra prediction mode in current newest video encoding standard as shown in Figure 1 has 67 kinds, and different arrows refers to
To different prediction directions is indicated, the current block left side one is arranged and the partial reconstruction pixel of top a line is as reference information.Fig. 2 gives
The schematic diagram of intra-frame prediction method of the invention is gone out.Implement respectively from following steps in conjunction with Fig. 2:
Step 1, selection is suitable for the optimal reference template of brightness change
(1.1) firstly, being arranged using the upper surface of current encoded image block a line left side one as current template, and certain
Searching for reference template in the reconstruction regions of range.
Wherein, TPredIndicate the template of current block to be encoded, TRecIndicate the reference template of reconstructed block, TavgIndicate TPred
And TRecThe difference of mean value, L indicate the length of template, MRSAD (TPred,TRec) indicate TPredWith TRecMatching degree.
(1.2) part, optimal reference template T have been rebuild by searching for present frameRec_BestIt is exactly all references rebuild
Template TRecIn with current template TPredBetween the smallest T of MRSADRec。
Wherein, D indicates reference template TRecSearch range in present frame reconstructed block.
Step 2, consistency luminance compensation model is established
We assume that current template TPredWith reference template TRecApproximation meets linear relationship:
T'Pred=aTRec+b
Wherein, T'PredIt is current template TPredApproximate representation, a and b are compensation factor.Then optimal fitting in order to obtain
Effect, we use least square method, and problem is converted into optimization problem:
argmin||TPred-T'Pred||
Then problem equivalent in:
argmin||TPred-a·TRec-b||
It solves optimization problem and obtains compensation factor a and b are as follows:
Step 3, luminance compensation in frame is carried out to optimal reference template to predict
Optimal reference template T is obtained by step 1Rec_Best, in conjunction with the available optimal current template of step 2 compensation because
Sub- a and b.By compensation factor a and b, the predicted value of available current block to be encoded.Therefore, the predicted value of block to be encoded are as follows:
Pred [x, y]=aRec [x, y]+b
Wherein, in x and y presentation code block coordinate be (x, y) pixel position, Pred indicates the pre- of current block to be encoded
Measured value, Rec represent TRecCorresponding reconstructed block predicted value.
Step 4, frame mode encodes
As shown in figure 3, when mode number is 0-66 as embodiment one, being executed in original 67 in frame in coding side
Angle prediction；When mode number is 67, to optimal reference template, luminance compensation in frame is carried out using consistency luminance compensation model
Prediction.Optimization model number, optimum code residual error letter are obtained by RDO (Rate-distortion optimization) decision
Breath, optimization model number and other syntactic elements.As shown in figure 4, in decoding end, to each coding unit CU (Coding Unit),
An optimal mode number will be decoded, corresponding prediction mode is executed according to optimal mode number (mode_best).When
When mode_best is 0-66,67 kinds of conventional intra prediction modes are carried out；When mode_best is 67, to optimal reference mould
Plate carries out the prediction of consistency luminance compensation.Decoded residual information, and be added to obtain most with prediction block after inverse quantization, inverse transformation
Whole reconstructed block.
Embodiment 2
Step 1, selection is suitable for N number of optimal candidate reference template of brightness change
In embodiment 1, we only save optimal reference template, in order to obtain better prediction effect,
Using same method, we have chosen the optimal candidate template T of N groupRec1,TRec2,...,TRecN, they distinguish
It is the smallest N number of reference template of MRSAD compared with current template.
Step 2, consistency luminance compensation model is established
Step 3, luminance compensation in frame is carried out respectively to the optimal reference template of N group to predict
To each group of candidate template TReciThe pre- of candidate reference template can be obtained by consistency luminance compensation model
Survey block Predi, can be obtained by the predicted value Pred of N group candidate in this way1,Pred2,...,PredN.It is finally pre- to candidate N group
It surveys block and is averagely obtained new prediction block Pred.
Step 4, frame mode encodes
This implementation is extension on the basis of embodiment 1, increases a kind of frame internal model on the basis of reservation embodiment 1
Formula.As shown in Figure 5 in coding side, when being encoded to the frame mode of current block, when mode number is 0-66, carry out conventional
Intra prediction；When mode number is 67, the prediction of consistency luminance compensation is carried out to optimal reference template；When mode number is 68
When, it carries out candidate average consistency luminance compensation and predicts prediction.Optimization model number is obtained by RDO decision, optimum code is residual
Poor information, optimization model number and other syntactic elements.Each coding unit (CU) can all be decoded in decoding end as shown in Figure 6
An optimal mode number out executes corresponding prediction mode according to mode_best.When mode_best is 0-66, carry out normal
67 kinds of intra prediction modes of rule；When mode_best is 67, it is pre- that consistency luminance compensation is carried out to optimal reference template
It surveys；When mode_best is 68, candidate average consistency luminance compensation prediction is carried out.Decoded residual information, and pass through inverse
Change, be added to obtain final reconstructed block with prediction block after inverse transformation.
Embodiment 3
This implementation is also the extension carried out on the basis of implementing 1, but compared to embodiment 2, this implementation does not increase mode.
We assume that carrying out the prediction block that consistency luminance compensation is predicted by optimal reference template is Pred1, by time
It is Pred2 that the reference template of choosing, which carries out the prediction block that average consistency luminance compensation is predicted,.
Cost1=∑ ∑ | Org (x, y)-Pred1 (x, y) |
Cost2=∑ ∑ | Org (x, y)-Pred2 (x, y) |
Org indicates that original block, cost1 indicate that the sum of pixel value difference absolute value between Org and Pred1, cost2 indicate Org
The sum of pixel value difference absolute value between Pred2.
When cost1 is not more than cost2, Pred1 is exactly the final prediction block Pred of the mode；When cost1 is greater than cost2
When, Pred2 is exactly the final prediction block Pred of the mode.It is unavailable in decoding end original block Org, therefore we need
Coding side passes a flag bit flag to tell decoding end, and when cost1 is not more than cost2, flag sets 0, and expression is predicted at this time
Block Pred is that the consistency luminance compensation carried out based on optimal reference template is predicted；When cost1 is not more than cost2
When, flag sets 1, indicates that prediction block Pred is that average consistency luminance compensation prediction is carried out based on candidate reference template at this time
It obtains.
As shown in Figure 7 in coding side, when being encoded to the frame mode of current block, when mode number is 0-66, carry out
Conventional intra prediction；When mode number is 67, the optimal prediction of consistency luminance compensation and average consistency are carried out respectively
Luminance compensation prediction, being respectively relative to original block has cost1 and cost2, determines that final mode 67 is corresponding by their difference
Prediction block Pred and coding maker position flag；Optimization model number is obtained by RDO decision, it is optimum code residual information, optimal
Mode number and other syntactic elements, when optimization model number is 67, it is also necessary to additionally encode flag with 1 bit.Such as Fig. 8 institute
Show in decoding end, to each coding unit (CU), can all decode an optimal mode number, according to mode_best execution pair
The prediction mode answered.When mode_best is 0-66,67 kinds of conventional intra prediction modes are carried out；When mode_best is 67
When, decoding mode flag bit flag carries out optimal consistency luminance compensation prediction when flag is 0, when flag is 1, into
The average consistency luminance compensation prediction of row.Decoded residual information, and be added to obtain with prediction block after inverse quantization, inverse transformation
Final reconstructed block.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of intra-frame prediction method based on brightness change, this method is used as reference based on all pixels that present frame has been rebuild
Information, for obtaining present encoding block, which comprises the following steps:
S1, selection are suitable for the optimal reference template of brightness change, specifically:
S11, the following formula 1 of template measurement standard is established:
In formula 1, TPredIndicate the template of current block to be encoded, TRecIndicate the reference template of reconstructed block, TavgIndicate TPredWith
TRecThe difference of mean value, following formula 2, L indicate the length of template, MRSAD (TPred,TRec) indicate TPredWith TRecMatching degree；
Wherein, TPredInitial value be that the upper surface of current encoded image block a line left side one arranges；
S12, according to the measurement standard in step S11, rebuild part by searching for present frame, obtained optimal reference template
TRec_Best, following formula 3:
In formula 3, D indicates reference template TRecSearch range in present frame reconstructed block；
S2, consistency luminance compensation model is established, specifically:
Assuming that current template TPredWith reference template TRecApproximation meets the following formula 4 of linear relationship:
T'Pred=aTRec+ b (formula 4)
In formula 4, T'PredIt is current template TPredApproximate representation, a and b are compensation factor；Using least square method, it is converted into
The following formula 5 of optimization problem:
argmin||TPred-T'Pred| | (formula 5)
It is equivalent to following formula 6:
argmin||TPred-a·TRec- b | | (formula 6)
Compensation factor a and b are asked, so that formula 6 is minimum, then it is following public for can solving optimization problem and obtain compensation factor a and b
Shown in formula 7 and formula 8:
S3, luminance compensation prediction in frame is carried out:
According to the optimal reference template T obtained in step S1Rec_Best, can be obtained in conjunction with the formula 7 and formula 8 established in step S2
To the compensation factor a and b of optimal current template；By compensation factor a and b, the predicted value for obtaining current block to be encoded is public as follows
Formula 9:
Pred [x, y]=aRec [x, y]+b (formula 9)
In formula 9, coordinate is the position of the pixel of (x, y) in x and y presentation code block, and Pred indicates the pre- of current block to be encoded
Measured value, Rec represent TRecCorresponding reconstructed block predicted value；
S4, to video encoding standard H.266 in 67 kinds of coding modes when mode number is 0-66, execute original in coding side
67 kinds of frames in angle prediction；When mode number is 67, luminance compensation in frame is carried out according to step S3 and is predicted.
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