CN107154669A - A kind of outdoor light storage LED high power density transform methods of wide scope input - Google Patents

A kind of outdoor light storage LED high power density transform methods of wide scope input Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107154669A
CN107154669A CN201710430714.XA CN201710430714A CN107154669A CN 107154669 A CN107154669 A CN 107154669A CN 201710430714 A CN201710430714 A CN 201710430714A CN 107154669 A CN107154669 A CN 107154669A
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led
mppt
battery
mode
boost
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邵杰扬
苗狄
施海鸿
魏嘉清
黄楚斌
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Shenzhen City And Extension Creative Technology Ltd
Shenzhen Polytechnic
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Shenzhen City And Extension Creative Technology Ltd
Shenzhen Polytechnic
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0068Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/30Driver circuits
    • H05B45/37Converter circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种宽范围输入的户外光储LED高功率密度变换方法,包括带MPPT功能的充电部分和LED恒流驱动部分;通过深入分析太阳能电池、蓄电池和LED的基本特性,设计了基于Buck‑Boost型为主拓扑的双向同步整流DC‑DC变换器,DC‑DC变换器正向运行时,充电环路采用Buck型拓扑结构,对蓄电池进行MPPT、恒压、恒流相结合的三阶段充电方法;当DC‑DC变换器反向运行时,放电环路采用Boost型拓扑结构,实现LED灯的恒压输出,并具有PWM调光功能;同时采用基于传统扰动观察改进的控制方法,根据太阳能电池的I‑V特性,把每次的增量均转为下一次实际逼近控制电压的步长,来防止过度控制,组件稳态期间也减少频繁的扰动。

The invention discloses a wide-range input outdoor light storage LED high power density conversion method, including a charging part with MPPT function and an LED constant current driving part; The Buck-Boost type is the main topology of the bidirectional synchronous rectification DC-DC converter. When the DC-DC converter is running in the forward direction, the charging loop adopts the Buck-type topology structure, and the battery is combined with MPPT, constant voltage and constant current. Stage charging method; when the DC-DC converter is running in reverse, the discharge loop adopts a Boost topology to realize the constant voltage output of the LED lamp and has a PWM dimming function; at the same time, it adopts an improved control method based on traditional disturbance observation, According to the I‑V characteristics of the solar cell, each increment is converted into the next actual approach to the step of the control voltage to prevent over-control and reduce frequent disturbances during the steady state of the components.

Description

一种宽范围输入的户外光储LED高功率密度变换方法A wide-range input outdoor light-storage LED high power density conversion method

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及太阳能LED照明技术领域,具体为一种宽范围输入的户外光储LED高功率密度变换方法。The invention relates to the technical field of solar LED lighting, in particular to a wide range input outdoor light storage LED high power density conversion method.

背景技术Background technique

扰动观察法是目前最常使用的MPPT算法之一,其工作过程是周期性地扰动太阳能电池的输出电压(V+ V),然后与扰动之前的输出功率对比,如功率值在不断增加,就表示扰动方向与控制方向一致,继续朝着相同方向(+V)变化;若功率值反而在减小,就往反方向(—V)变化,这样反复的扰动就会输出其最大功率值。The perturbation and observation method is one of the most commonly used MPPT algorithms at present, and its working process is to periodically perturb the output voltage of the solar cell (V+ V), and then compared with the output power before the disturbance, if the power value is increasing, it means that the disturbance direction is consistent with the control direction and continues to move in the same direction (+ V) changes; if the power value is decreasing instead, go in the opposite direction (— V) changes so that repeated perturbations will output their maximum power value.

扰动观察法是每隔一段时间改变其电压值,其下一步的控制信号是由输出功率改变的方向来判断的。具体调整方案如下:U、I表示上一次的值,相应的输出功率是P,表示当前值,是其功率。当增加相对的参考电压时,有两种现象:(1)P1>P表示变化方向正确,系统扰动方向继续保持不变;(2) P1<P表示变化方向不对,系统下一步的扰动方向就要改变。这样重复循环,当工作点靠近最大功率值时停止扰动。扰动观察法最主要的不足是U步长固定。如果U太大,在最大功率点周边就会出现特别严重的振荡,也有很大的功率损失;如果△U太小,就需要特别长的时间才能跟踪到最大功率点,从而给实际生活中带来了极大的不便。The perturbation and observation method is to change its voltage value at regular intervals, and the next step of the control signal is judged by the direction of output power change. The specific adjustment scheme is as follows: U and I represent the last value, and the corresponding output power is P, , represents the current value, is its power. When increasing the relative reference voltage, there are two phenomena: (1) P1>P means that the change direction is correct, and the system disturbance direction remains unchanged; (2) P1<P means that the change direction is wrong, and the next disturbance direction of the system is to change. This cycle is repeated, and the disturbance is stopped when the operating point is close to the maximum power value. The main disadvantage of the perturbation-and-observation method is that The U step size is fixed. if If U is too large, there will be particularly serious oscillations around the maximum power point, and there will be a large power loss; if △U is too small, it will take a long time to track the maximum power point, which will bring serious problems in real life. Great inconvenience.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于提供一种宽范围输入的户外光储LED高功率密度变换方法,采用基于传统扰动观察改进的控制方法,根据太阳能电池的I-V特性,把每次的增量均转为下一次实际逼近控制电压的步长,来防止过度控制,组件稳态期间也减少频繁的扰动;同时,通过设置的DC-DC变换器具有结构简单、只需少量开关器件以及低损耗的优点,并且电池两端的输出使用了LCL滤波器,可以更好的降低电池侧的纹波电流与纹波电压,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wide-range input outdoor light storage LED high power density conversion method, using an improved control method based on traditional disturbance observation, according to the I-V characteristics of solar cells, each increment is converted to the next Actual approximation to the step size of the control voltage to prevent over-control and reduce frequent disturbances during the steady state of the components; at the same time, the set DC-DC converter has the advantages of simple structure, only a small number of switching devices and low loss, and the battery The output at both ends uses an LCL filter, which can better reduce the ripple current and ripple voltage on the battery side, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种宽范围输入的户外光储LED高功率密度变换方法,包括MPPT功能的充电部分和LED恒流驱动部分,其MPPT功能的充电部分和LED恒流驱动部分受控于Buck-Boost型的双向主电路设计的同步整流DC-DC变换器和基于MPPT原理改进的PID控制方法;其双向主电路设计如下:包括LED端、PV端、Battery端、电容及其相互串联或并联的驱动开关Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5,并设置有3种工作方式:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a wide-range input outdoor light storage LED high power density conversion method, including the charging part of the MPPT function and the LED constant current driving part, the charging part of the MPPT function and the LED constant current driving part The current drive part is controlled by a Buck-Boost type bidirectional main circuit designed synchronous rectification DC-DC converter and an improved PID control method based on the MPPT principle; its bidirectional main circuit design is as follows: including LED terminal, PV terminal, Battery terminal, Capacitors and their drive switches Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, and Q5 connected in series or parallel with each other, and have three working modes:

(1)Buck工作,电感电流iL一直保持大于零,Q1工作Q2不工作,由PV端流至Battery端,iL不断增加直至t=ton时,Q1截止,D2续流工作,Q2无电流通过;(1) Buck works, the inductor current iL is always kept greater than zero, Q1 works and Q2 does not work, and flows from the PV terminal to the Battery terminal, and iL continues to increase until t=ton, Q1 cuts off, D2 continues to work, and Q2 has no current passing through;

(2)Boost工作,电感电流iL一直保持小于零,由Battery端流向LED端,在ton到T时,Q2工作Q1不工作,iL不断增加,当达到T时刻时,Q2截止停止工作,D1续流工作,Q1无电流通过;(2) Boost works, the inductor current iL is always kept less than zero, and flows from the Battery terminal to the LED terminal. From ton to T, Q2 works and Q1 does not work, and iL continues to increase. When the time T is reached, Q2 stops working and D1 continues Current work, Q1 no current through;

(3)交替工作,电感电流iL正负交替出现:在t0-t1时刻,Q1导通工作,在t1-ton时刻,Q1导通同时有电流通过,D2续流,iL会不断变小且值依然大于零;在ton-T时刻,Q2导通且有电流流过,iL不断上升但值小于零。(3) Alternate work, the positive and negative of the inductor current iL appear alternately: at the time t0-t1, Q1 is on and working, at the time t1-ton, Q1 is on and there is current passing through, D2 continues to flow, iL will continue to decrease and the value Still greater than zero; at the time ton-T, Q2 is turned on and current flows, iL keeps rising but the value is less than zero.

其基于MPPT原理改进的PID控制方法如下:Its improved PID control method based on the MPPT principle is as follows:

S1:输入给定量R,并将R值设定为零;S1: Input the given amount R, and set the R value to zero;

S2:设定PID控制器的输入量,即系统偏差量负的dp/du;S2: Set the input quantity of the PID controller, that is, the negative dp/du of the system deviation;

S3:PID控制器调节DC-DC变换器PWM波的占空比来改变光伏电池的输出等效负载,实现最大功率点跟踪。S3: The PID controller adjusts the duty ratio of the PWM wave of the DC-DC converter to change the output equivalent load of the photovoltaic cell to achieve maximum power point tracking.

优选的,基于Buck-Boost型的双向主电路的工作模式设置有两种,即降压模式和升压模式;其降压模式为能量由PV流动到Battery时,电源端为PV端,Q1驱动,Q3、Q4打开,Q5关闭,组成Buck降压电路;升压模式为由Battery流动到LED时,电源端是Battery,此时Q2驱动,Q3、Q5打开,Q4关闭,组成Boost升压电路。Preferably, there are two working modes of the bidirectional main circuit based on the Buck-Boost type, that is, step-down mode and boost mode; in the step-down mode, when energy flows from PV to Battery, the power supply terminal is the PV terminal, and Q1 drives , Q3 and Q4 are turned on, Q5 is turned off, forming a Buck step-down circuit; the boost mode is when the battery flows to the LED, the power supply terminal is the Battery, at this time Q2 is driven, Q3 and Q5 are turned on, and Q4 is turned off, forming a Boost step-up circuit.

优选的,MPPT功能的充电部分包括MPPT充电模式、恒压均充模式、恒压浮充模式、等待模式、准备放电模式和准备充电模式。Preferably, the charging part of the MPPT function includes MPPT charging mode, constant voltage equalizing charging mode, constant voltage floating charging mode, waiting mode, ready-to-discharge mode and ready-to-charge mode.

优选的,LED恒流驱动部分包括第一时间段恒流驱动模式、第二时间段恒流驱动模式和第三时间段恒流驱动模式。Preferably, the LED constant current driving part includes a first time period constant current driving mode, a second time period constant current driving mode and a third time period constant current driving mode.

优选的,DC-DC变换器正向运行时,充电环路采用Buck型拓扑结构,对蓄电池进行MPPT、恒压、恒流相结合的三阶段充电方法;当DC-DC变换器反向运行时,放电环路采用Boost型拓扑结构,实现LED灯的恒压输出,并具有PWM调光功能。Preferably, when the DC-DC converter is running in the forward direction, the charging loop adopts a Buck topology to charge the battery in a three-stage charging method combining MPPT, constant voltage and constant current; when the DC-DC converter is running in the reverse direction , The discharge loop adopts a Boost topology to realize the constant voltage output of the LED lamp and has a PWM dimming function.

与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

本宽范围输入的户外光储LED高功率密度变换装设计方法,采用基于传统扰动观察改进的控制方法,根据太阳能电池的I-V特性,把每次的增量均转为下一次实际逼近控制电压的步长,来防止过度控制,组件稳态期间也减少频繁的扰动;同时,通过设置的DC-DC变换器具有结构简单、只需少量开关器件以及低损耗的优点,并且电池两端的输出使用了LCL滤波器,可以更好的降低电池侧的纹波电流与纹波电压,实现了LED灯的恒压输出,并具有PWM调光功能。The design method of outdoor solar storage LED high power density conversion device with wide range input adopts the improved control method based on traditional disturbance observation, and according to the I-V characteristics of solar cells, each increment is converted into the next actual approximation control voltage step size to prevent over-control, and reduce frequent disturbances during the steady state of components; at the same time, the set DC-DC converter has the advantages of simple structure, only a small number of switching devices and low loss, and the output at both ends of the battery uses The LCL filter is used, which can better reduce the ripple current and ripple voltage on the battery side, realize the constant voltage output of the LED lamp, and have PWM dimming function.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的程序设计流程图;Fig. 1 is the program design flowchart of the present invention;

图2为本发明基于MPPT原理改进的PID控制原理图;Fig. 2 is the improved PID control schematic diagram based on the MPPT principle of the present invention;

图3为本发明PID控制的结构框图;Fig. 3 is the structural block diagram of PID control of the present invention;

图4为本发明光伏电池输出P-U 曲线;Fig. 4 is the output P-U curve of photovoltaic cell of the present invention;

图5为本发明双向Buck-Boost变换器基本原理图;Fig. 5 is the basic schematic diagram of the bidirectional Buck-Boost converter of the present invention;

图6为本发明Buck-Boost变换器三种工作方式下的电感电流波形图;Fig. 6 is the inductance current waveform diagram under three working modes of the Buck-Boost converter of the present invention;

图7为本发明光伏阵列等效电路图;Fig. 7 is the equivalent circuit diagram of photovoltaic array of the present invention;

图8为本发明光伏阵列仿真模型图;Fig. 8 is a simulation model diagram of a photovoltaic array of the present invention;

图9为本发明光伏阵列输出U-I特性曲线图;Fig. 9 is the output U-I characteristic curve diagram of photovoltaic array of the present invention;

图10为本发明光伏阵列输出U-P特性曲线。Fig. 10 is the output U-P characteristic curve of the photovoltaic array of the present invention.

具体实施方式detailed description

下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

请参阅图1-10,本发明提供一种技术方案:一种宽范围输入的户外光储LED高功率密度变换方法,包括MPPT功能的充电部分和LED恒流驱动部分,MPPT功能的充电部分包括MPPT充电模式、恒压均充模式、恒压浮充模式、等待模式、准备放电模式和准备充电模式;MPPT充电模式为当有一定辐照度,太阳能电池板电压输出大于某值(12V系统14V,24V系统28V)时,如果蓄电池电压小于恒压均充电压,控制器会对太阳能电池板进行MPPT跟踪,向蓄电池以最大功率充电;恒压均充模式为当有一定辐照度,太阳能电池板正常时,蓄电池电压达到恒压均充电压,控制器会放弃MPPT跟踪,而对蓄电池进行恒压均充,以便保护蓄电池;恒压浮充模式为当有一定辐照度,太阳能电池板正常时,蓄电池电压达到恒压均充电压,充电电流减小到0.5A,控制器会放弃恒压均充,而对蓄电池进行恒压浮充,以便保护蓄电池;等待模式为黄昏时,光的辐照度越来越弱,太阳能板输出电压小于某值(12V系统对应14V,24V系统对应28V),提供的能量无法向蓄电池充电,控制器放弃充电,而进入等待模式;准备放电模式为当太阳能电池板电压低于某值(12V系统对应6V,24V系统对应12V,用户可以设置此参数),进入准备放电模式,确认30s,进入恒流驱动模式;准备充电模式为黎明时,光照越来越强,当太阳能电池板输出电压大于某值(12V系统对应12V,24V系统对应24V),延时30s后,停止恒流驱动LED,进入准备充电模式;其LED恒流驱动部分包括第一时间段恒流驱动模式,即进入恒流驱动LED的第一时间段,LED驱动电流缓慢的改变,最终达到第一时间段百分比驱动电流、第二时间段恒流驱动模式即当完成第一时间段恒流驱动后,自动进入第二时间段,LED亮度缓慢的改变,最终达到第二时间段百分比驱动电流,第三时间段恒流驱动模式即当完成第二时间段恒流驱动后,自动进入第三时间段,LED亮度缓慢的改变,最终达到第三时间段百分比驱动电流;其MPPT功能的充电部分和LED恒流驱动部分受控于Buck-Boost型的双向主电路设计的同步整流DC-DC变换器和基于MPPT原理改进的PID控制方法;DC-DC变换器正向运行时,充电环路采用Buck型拓扑结构,对蓄电池进行MPPT、恒压、恒流相结合的三阶段充电方法;当DC-DC变换器反向运行时,放电环路采用Boost型拓扑结构,实现LED灯的恒压输出,并具有PWM调光功能,其双向主电路设计如下:包括LED端、PV端、Battery端、电容及其相互串联或并联的驱动开关Q1、Q2、Q3、Q4、Q5,其工作模式设置有两种,即降压模式和升压模式;其降压模式为能量由PV流动到Battery时,电源端为PV端,Q1驱动,Q3、Q4打开,Q5关闭,组成Buck降压电路;升压模式为由Battery流动到LED时,电源端是Battery,此时Q2驱动,Q3、Q5打开,Q4关闭,组成Boost升压电路,并设置有3种工作方式:Please refer to Figure 1-10, the present invention provides a technical solution: a wide-range input outdoor light storage LED high power density conversion method, including the charging part of the MPPT function and the LED constant current drive part, the charging part of the MPPT function includes MPPT charging mode, constant voltage equalizing charging mode, constant voltage floating charging mode, waiting mode, ready discharge mode and ready charging mode; MPPT charging mode is when there is a certain irradiance, the voltage output of the solar panel is greater than a certain value (12V system 14V , 24V system 28V), if the battery voltage is lower than the constant voltage equalizing charging voltage, the controller will perform MPPT tracking on the solar panel and charge the battery with the maximum power; the constant voltage equalizing charging mode is when there is a certain irradiance, the solar battery When the board is normal, the battery voltage reaches the constant voltage equalization charging voltage, the controller will give up MPPT tracking, and carry out constant voltage equalization charging on the battery to protect the battery; the constant voltage floating charge mode is when there is a certain irradiance, the solar panel is normal When the battery voltage reaches the constant voltage equalizing charging voltage and the charging current decreases to 0.5A, the controller will give up the constant voltage equalizing charging and perform constant voltage floating charging on the battery to protect the battery; when the waiting mode is dusk, the light radiation The illuminance is getting weaker and weaker, the output voltage of the solar panel is less than a certain value (12V system corresponds to 14V, 24V system corresponds to 28V), the energy provided cannot charge the battery, the controller gives up charging, and enters the waiting mode; the ready discharge mode is when the solar energy When the voltage of the battery board is lower than a certain value (12V system corresponds to 6V, 24V system corresponds to 12V, the user can set this parameter), enter the ready discharge mode, confirm for 30s, enter the constant current drive mode; the ready charge mode is at dawn, the light is getting more and more Strong, when the output voltage of the solar panel is greater than a certain value (12V system corresponds to 12V, 24V system corresponds to 24V), after a delay of 30s, stop the constant current drive LED and enter the charging preparation mode; the LED constant current drive part includes the first time period Constant current driving mode, that is, entering the first time period of constant current driving LED, the LED driving current changes slowly, and finally reaches the percentage of the driving current in the first time period, and the second time period constant current driving mode, that is, when the first time period constant After the current driving, it will automatically enter the second time period, and the LED brightness will change slowly, and finally reach the percentage of the driving current in the second time period. In the three time periods, the brightness of the LED changes slowly, and finally reaches the percentage drive current of the third time period; the charging part of the MPPT function and the LED constant current driving part are controlled by the synchronous rectification DC-DC of the Buck-Boost type bidirectional main circuit design The converter and the improved PID control method based on the MPPT principle; when the DC-DC converter is running forward, the charging loop adopts a Buck topology, and the battery is charged with a three-stage charging method combining MPPT, constant voltage and constant current; When the DC-DC converter operates in reverse, the discharge loop adopts Boost topology to realize constant voltage output of LED lamps. output, and has PWM dimming function, its two-way main circuit design is as follows: including LED terminal, PV terminal, Battery terminal, capacitor and its driving switches Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 connected in series or parallel with each other, its working mode setting There are two types, namely buck mode and boost mode; in the buck mode, when energy flows from PV to Battery, the power supply terminal is PV terminal, Q1 is driven, Q3 and Q4 are turned on, and Q5 is turned off, forming a Buck step-down circuit; The voltage mode is when the battery flows to the LED, the power supply terminal is the battery, at this time Q2 is driven, Q3 and Q5 are turned on, and Q4 is turned off to form a Boost boost circuit, and there are 3 working modes:

(1)Buck工作,电感电流iL一直保持大于零,Q1工作Q2不工作,由PV端流至Battery端,iL不断增加直至t=ton时,Q1截止,D2续流工作,Q2无电流通过;(1) Buck works, the inductor current iL is always kept greater than zero, Q1 works and Q2 does not work, and flows from the PV terminal to the Battery terminal, and iL continues to increase until t=ton, Q1 cuts off, D2 continues to work, and Q2 has no current passing through;

(2)Boost工作,电感电流iL一直保持小于零,由Battery端流向LED端,在ton到T时,Q2工作Q1不工作,iL不断增加,当达到T时刻时,Q2截止停止工作,D1续流工作,Q1无电流通过;(2) Boost works, the inductor current iL is always kept less than zero, and flows from the Battery terminal to the LED terminal. From ton to T, Q2 works and Q1 does not work, and iL continues to increase. When the time T is reached, Q2 stops working and D1 continues Current work, Q1 no current through;

(3)交替工作,电感电流iL正负交替出现:在t0-t1时刻,Q1导通工作,在t1-ton时刻,Q1导通同时有电流通过,D2续流,iL会不断变小且值依然大于零;在ton-T时刻,Q2导通且有电流流过,iL不断上升但值小于零。(3) Alternate work, the positive and negative of the inductor current iL appear alternately: at the time t0-t1, Q1 is on and working, at the time t1-ton, Q1 is on and there is current passing through, D2 continues to flow, iL will continue to decrease and the value Still greater than zero; at the time ton-T, Q2 is turned on and current flows, iL keeps rising but the value is less than zero.

其基于MPPT原理改进的PID控制方法如下:Its improved PID control method based on the MPPT principle is as follows:

从附图中可以看出:光伏电池的最大功率点(MPP),就是曲线上对应斜率为零的点,而且这样点是唯一的;在最大功率点两侧,对应工作点的斜率绝对值大小,与当前工作点离最大功率点距离成正相关;由此,可以将太阳能光伏电池阵列的输出反馈到输入端,而输入给定量R设定为零,将其系统偏差量,即负的作为PID控制器的输入;因而PID控制,能够根据光伏电池工作点当前在P-U曲线上的位置,不断的调节DC-DC变换器PWM波的占空比大小,来改变光伏电池的输出等效负载,从而调整光伏电池的输出电压,直到光伏电池输出电压工作在最大功率点对应的电压处,实现最大功率点跟踪。It can be seen from the attached figure that the maximum power point (MPP) of a photovoltaic cell is the point on the curve where the corresponding slope is zero, and such a point is unique; on both sides of the maximum power point, the absolute value of the slope corresponding to the operating point is , is positively correlated with the distance from the current operating point to the maximum power point; thus, the output of the solar photovoltaic cell array can be Feedback to the input terminal, and the input given amount R is set to zero, and its system deviation, that is, the negative one, is used as the input of the PID controller; therefore, the PID control can continuously Adjust the duty cycle of the PWM wave of the DC-DC converter to change the output equivalent load of the photovoltaic cell, thereby adjusting the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell until the output voltage of the photovoltaic cell works at the voltage corresponding to the maximum power point to achieve the maximum Power point tracking.

实施例一:Embodiment one:

太阳能电池的数学物理模型:现实中,当接上负载的太阳能电池受到光照的时,光生电流经过负载,会在负载两端形成端电压,此时太阳能电池的电路工作过程可用图所示的等效电路来表示;图中把太阳能电池看成能产生稳定光电流的电流源(光源稳定);在图中,为太阳能电池的串联电阻,它主要由太阳能电池的体电阻、太阳能电池表面电阻、太阳能电池电极导体电阻及电极与桂表面的接触电阻所组成,为光伏电池旁漏电阻,也称作跨接电阻,它是由于硅片边缘不清洁或体内的缺陷导致的;二极管流过的正向电流通过结的总扩散电流和旁路电流都是提供的,剩下的光生电流经过,从太阳能电池流出而进入负载;根据光伏阵列的特性,其工作方式可以用图7所示的电路来等效;Mathematical physical model of solar cell: In reality, when the solar cell connected to the load is illuminated, the photo-generated current passes through the load, and a terminal voltage will be formed at both ends of the load. At this time, the circuit working process of the solar cell can be shown in the figure, etc. In the figure, the solar cell is regarded as a current source that can generate stable photocurrent (the light source is stable); in the figure, it is the series resistance of the solar cell, which is mainly composed of the bulk resistance of the solar cell, the surface resistance of the solar cell, The solar cell electrode conductor resistance and the contact resistance between the electrode and the Gui surface are the leakage resistance of the photovoltaic cell, also known as the crossover resistance, which is caused by the unclean edge of the silicon wafer or the defect in the body; the positive current flowing through the diode The total diffusion current and bypass current to the current passing through the junction are provided, and the remaining photogenerated current passes through, flows out of the solar cell and enters the load; according to the characteristics of the photovoltaic array, its working mode can be determined by the circuit shown in Figure 7 Equivalent;

图8中ISC表示光伏阵列的激发电流,由光照强度、温度等因素共同决定,且光照强度越强,ISC越大。IVD代表光伏阵列的扩散电流,其大小可由公式(7)求得In Figure 8, ISC represents the excitation current of the photovoltaic array, which is determined by factors such as light intensity and temperature, and the stronger the light intensity, the greater the ISC. IVD represents the diffusion current of the photovoltaic array, and its magnitude can be obtained by formula (7)

(7) (7)

式中 q——电子电荷;In the formula, q——electron charge;

A——常数因子;A - constant factor;

K——玻尔兹曼常数。K - Boltzmann's constant.

I DO表示光伏阵列在没有光照时的饱和电流,其大小可由公式(8)求得 I DO represents the saturation current of the photovoltaic array when there is no light, and its magnitude can be obtained by formula (8)

(8) (8)

式中 A——光伏组件pn结面积;In the formula, A——pn junction area of photovoltaic module;

E g——材料的带隙; E g - the band gap of the material;

N VN C——价带和导带的有效态密度; N V , N C —the effective density of states of the valence band and the conduction band;

N DN A——施主杂质和受主杂质的密度; N D , N A ——the density of donor impurity and acceptor impurity;

D pD n——空穴和电子的扩散系数; D p , D n ——diffusion coefficients of holes and electrons;

——空穴和电子的少子寿命。 , - Minority carrier lifetimes of holes and electrons.

根据图8的等效电路,可以求得负载电流I LAccording to the equivalent circuit in Figure 8, the load current I L can be obtained as

(2-3) (2-3)

式中 R S——旁路电阻;Where R S - bypass resistance;

R sh——旁漏电组。 R sh ——side leakage group.

根据光伏阵列的数学模型和等效电路在MATLAB/Simulink建立模型如图8所示。According to the mathematical model and equivalent circuit of the photovoltaic array, the model is established in MATLAB/Simulink as shown in Figure 8.

其中T C为外界的温度,S为太阳光照强度,本文在MATLAB/Simulink取,S=500W/m2。改变光伏阵列PV两端的负载值,得到PV相对应的输出电压U和电流I的值,将上述多组数据拟合可得U-I特性曲线如图 9所示,U-P特性曲线如图10所示;通过上位机将上述数据写入光伏模拟器,来模拟光伏阵列的输出特性。Among them, T C is the temperature of the outside world, and S is the intensity of sunlight, which is taken in MATLAB/Simulink in this paper , S=500W/m 2 . Change the load values at both ends of the photovoltaic array PV to obtain the values of the output voltage U and current I corresponding to the PV, and fit the above multiple sets of data to obtain the UI characteristic curve as shown in Figure 9, and the UP characteristic curve as shown in Figure 10; Write the above data into the photovoltaic simulator through the host computer to simulate the output characteristics of the photovoltaic array.

以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, according to the technical solution of the present invention Any equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concepts thereof shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. the outdoor light storage LED high power density transform methods of a kind of wide scope input, it is characterised in that including MPPT functions Live part and LED constant current drive part, the live part and LED constant current drive part of its MPPT function are controlled by Buck- The synchronous rectified DC-DC converter of the two-way main circuit design of Boost type and based on the improved PID control method of MPPT principles; Its two-way main circuit design is as follows:Opened including LED ends, PV ends, Battery ends, electric capacity and its driving in series or in parallel with each other Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5 are closed, and is provided with 3 kinds of working methods:
(1)Buck is worked, and inductive current iL is always maintained at not working more than zero, Q1 work Q2, and Battery ends are flow to by PV ends, IL is continuously increased when t=ton, and Q1 cut-offs, D2 afterflows work, Q2 no currents pass through;
(2)Boost is worked, and inductive current iL is always maintained at being less than zero, and LED ends, in ton to T, Q2 are flowed to by Battery ends Work Q1 is not worked, and iL is continuously increased, when reaching T moment, and Q2 cut-offs are stopped, and D1 afterflows work, Q1 no currents pass through;
(3)Alternation, inductive current iL is positive and negative to be alternately present:At t0-t1 moment, Q1 ON operations, at t1-ton moment, Q1 Conducting has electric current to pass through simultaneously, D2 afterflows, and iL can constantly diminish and value is still more than zero;At the ton-T moment, Q2 is turned on and is had electricity Stream flows through, and iL constantly rises but value is less than zero;
It is as follows that it is based on the improved PID control method of MPPT principles:
S1:Specified rate R is inputted, and R values are set as zero;
S2:Set the negative dp/du of the input quantity of PID controller, i.e. system deviation amount;
S3:The dutycycle of PID controller regulation DC-DC converter PWM ripples loads to change the output equivalent of photovoltaic cell, realizes MPPT maximum power point tracking.
2. a kind of outdoor light storage LED high power density transform methods of wide scope input according to claim 1, its feature It is, the mode of operation of the two-way main circuit based on Buck-Boost types is provided with two kinds, i.e. decompression mode and boost mode;Its When decompression mode is that energy flow to Battery by PV, power end is PV ends, and Q1 drivings, Q3, Q4 are opened, and Q5 is closed, composition Buck reduction voltage circuits;Boost mode is when flowing to LED by Battery, power end is Battery, and now Q2 drives, Q3, Q5 Open, Q4 is closed, constitute Boost circuit.
3. a kind of outdoor light storage LED high power density transform methods of wide scope input according to claim 1, its feature It is, the live part of MPPT functions includes MPPT charge modes, constant pressure charge mode, constant voltage floating charge pattern, standby mode, standard Standby discharge mode and preparation charge mode.
4. a kind of outdoor light storage LED high power density transform methods of wide scope input according to claim 1, its feature It is, when LED constant current drive part is including first time period constant current drive pattern, second time period constant current drive pattern and the 3rd Between section constant current drive pattern.
5. a kind of outdoor light storage LED high power density transform methods of wide scope input according to claim 1, its feature Be, DC-DC converter forward direction operation when, charge loop use Buck type topological structures, to battery carry out MPPT, constant pressure, The three stage charging methods that constant current is combined;When DC-DC converter inverted running, electric discharge loop is using Boost type topology knot Structure, realizes the constant pressure output of LED, and with PWM dimming functions.
CN201710430714.XA 2017-06-09 2017-06-09 A kind of outdoor light storage LED high power density transform methods of wide scope input Pending CN107154669A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109302063A (en) * 2018-11-13 2019-02-01 上海电力学院 Non-isolated Buck-Boost DC Converter with Wide Conversion Ratio
CN110299755A (en) * 2019-06-18 2019-10-01 深圳市振源电气有限公司 A kind of intelligent solar charge control system and control method
CN110379361A (en) * 2019-07-25 2019-10-25 苏州市职业大学 The color LED dot matrix screen of photovoltaic power supply

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109302063A (en) * 2018-11-13 2019-02-01 上海电力学院 Non-isolated Buck-Boost DC Converter with Wide Conversion Ratio
CN110299755A (en) * 2019-06-18 2019-10-01 深圳市振源电气有限公司 A kind of intelligent solar charge control system and control method
CN110379361A (en) * 2019-07-25 2019-10-25 苏州市职业大学 The color LED dot matrix screen of photovoltaic power supply

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