CN107153140A - A kind of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end - Google Patents
A kind of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107153140A CN107153140A CN201710477620.8A CN201710477620A CN107153140A CN 107153140 A CN107153140 A CN 107153140A CN 201710477620 A CN201710477620 A CN 201710477620A CN 107153140 A CN107153140 A CN 107153140A
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- protection circuit
- capacitance
- frequency
- noise factor
- power
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/26—Measuring noise figure; Measuring signal-to-noise ratio
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end, by input and output capacitors, positive-negative connected limiter diode in parallel to and 1/4 wavelength transmission line constitute;Input capacitance, 1/4 wavelength transmission line, output capacitance are sequentially connected in series, limiter diode, reversal connection limiter diode between 1/4 wavelength transmission line and the common point and ground potential of output capacitance are just connect between input capacitance and the common point and ground potential of 1/4 wavelength transmission line.The protection circuit of the present invention can simultaneously suppress to the high-power RF microwave measuring signals that 50Hz/110V line-frequency induction voltage signal and measured piece are exported; improve performance indications of both whole radio-frequency front-end protection circuit device port matching and transmission loss; protection circuit is located at RF receiving circuit foremost; therefore the port match and total noise of centrifuge coefficient index of complete machine radio frequency reception frequency range can be effectively improved; measurement accuracy is improved, the reliability of complete machine is improved.
Description
Technical field
It is more particularly to a kind of suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end the present invention relates to technical field of measurement and test
Protection circuit.
Background technology
The civilian Military Electronic Equipments such as cellular mobile communication, microwave and millimeter wave satellite communication, radar, navigation, accurate guidance
The progress of technology and the receiver technology increasingly improved are closely related.Noise coefficient is to weigh receiver processing small-signal
One of mostly important parameter of ability, under conditions of system bandwidth is certain, noise coefficient directly determine system sensitivity,
The important performance indexes such as speech quality, the bit error rate, operating distance, it has also become various civil and military equipment developments, experiment and life
The key technical indexes that must be surveyed during production.
Noise coefficient is generally measured using Noise Factor Analyzer, using classics more than current Noise Factor Analyzer
Superheterodyne reception system, in order to effectively be suppressed to image frequency signal, generally by receive frequency range be divided into radio frequency and microwave milli
The two big wave band of metric wave.According to noise coefficient cascade theory, in order to improve complete machine receiving sensitivity, noise-reduction coefficient reduces
Rear class receiving circuit working condition changes the influence to total noise of centrifuge coefficient, and the receiving front-end of Noise Factor Analyzer is commonly provided with
Low noise plus and blowup circuit module.
Low noise plus and blowup circuit module is by being operated in low-voltage and low current condition, therefore itself can bear
Input percussion power it is very small.Simultaneously because the working frequency of radio band is relatively low, the circuit-under-test module of big power output is more
Easily realize, therefore radio-frequency front-end receiving circuit is often burnt improper use when user test.
In addition in testing, when measured piece and Noise Factor Analyzer complete machine do not have well altogether, or user is surveying
When being carried out during examination using the electric iron without good earth when welding is debugged, receiving terminal of the meeting in Noise Factor Analyzer
Mouth produces 50Hz/110V line-frequency induction voltage, and the power ratio Noise Factor Analyzer port maximum of this induced voltage can be received
The high nearly 100dB of signal power.(it is usually because the lowest operating frequency of Noise Factor Analyzer radio-frequency front-end is relatively low
10MHz), its capacitance capacitance foremost is larger, and the decay to this line-frequency induction voltage signal is limited, is leaked to low noise
The power-frequency voltage signal of plus and blowup circuit module input still can burn amplifier module.
Both the above reason is to cause Noise Factor Analyzer complete machine radio frequency to connect the main mechanism that front-end circuit burns, at present
Also it is not covered with the special guarantor that the whole radio frequency operation frequency range of complete machine (such as 10MHz~4GHz) can be suppressed to both the above signal
Protection circuit.
Because of the 50Hz/110V line-frequency induction voltage signals that imperfect earth is produced, because the amplitude of signal is big, power is high, frequency
Rate is low, and conventional Microwave Limiter Diode can not meet requirement, therefore it can not be suppressed using limiter diode.At present
The method used is the shunt inductance between signal transmission pathway and ground circuit, using inductance lead to low frequency resistance high frequency characteristic by this
50Hz line-frequency induction voltage signal is released on ground circuit, while this inductance (is usually to the measurement signal of low-limit frequency
High-impedance state should 10MHz) be presented, does not influence measurement signal to transmit as far as possible.Fig. 1 shows a kind of covering 10MHz-4GHz radio frequencies
The protection circuit that working frequency range can be suppressed to 50Hz line-frequency induction voltage signals, because inductance has parasitic capacitance, it is most
Senior engineer's working frequency is limited by its self-resonant frequency, and inductance value is bigger, maximum operating frequency is lower, and Noise Factor Analyzer is penetrated
Frequency range generally includes nearly 10 octaves, it is therefore desirable to whole radio frequency operation frequency is covered by the way of the series connection of multiple inductance
Section, and need inductance in parallel resistance to suppress resonance oscillation attenuation, improve frequency response.The maximum shortcoming of this circuit is the direct current in the presence of ground connection
Path, when the output of measured piece has direct current signal, easily burns measured piece or protection circuit, in addition by the current technique of inductance
The limitation of level, this circuit can probably introduce 0.5dB or so decay in whole radio band, cause the noise coefficient of complete machine to be disliked
Change 0.5dB or so.This circuit is realized by frequency selectivity to be suppressed to 50Hz/110V line-frequency induction voltage signal, but can not
It is pointed to receive high-power signal in frequency range to be suppressed.
At present, when need to more than port it is maximum can the frequency microwave signal of receiving power suppress when, it is conventional one group
The amplitude limiter circuit of the limiter diode composition of positive-negative connected in parallel is realized, can select suitable amplitude limit according to the size of clipped power
Diode, when measurement signal power be less than clipped power when, measurement signal can approximately loss-free transmission, when user uses
When improper measured piece output signal power is more than clipped power, amplitude limiter circuit ensures that the power of output signal is not more than amplitude limit work(
Rate, so as to realize the protection to rear end receiving circuit.Fig. 2 a show the protection electricity that a kind of use Microwave Limiter Diode makes
Road device, Fig. 2 b show corresponding matching and transmission characteristic simulation result.The shortcoming of this circuit is lowest operating frequency
Energy MHz magnitudes, the continuous wave power that can be born only has several watts, and the power of 50Hz/110V line-frequency induction signals is up to several hectowatts,
Therefore either working frequency still can bear power and can not all realize to 50Hz/110V line-frequency induction signals this protection circuit
Suppressed.Simultaneously because limiter diode has junction capacity and encapsulation parasitic capacitance, port can be caused after adding amplitude limiter circuit
The high-end matching performance of frequency declines, and amplitude limiter circuit is produced certain transmission loss by reflecting power be lost,
Influence the noise-figure performance index of complete machine radio band.
The content of the invention
To overcome the shortcoming that available circuit is present, the present invention proposes a kind of be applied to before Noise Factor Analyzer radio frequency reception
The protection circuit at end, can carry out suppression isolation simultaneously to above two signal, improve whole radio-frequency front-end protection circuit device
Performance indications of both port match and transmission loss, protection circuit device is located at RF receiving circuit foremost, therefore
The port match and total noise of centrifuge coefficient index of complete machine radio frequency reception frequency range can be effectively improved, measurement accuracy is improved, complete machine is improved
Reliability.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way:
A kind of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end, protection circuit is located at radio frequency reception electricity
Road foremost, by input and output capacitors, positive-negative connected limiter diode in parallel to and 1/4 wavelength transmission line constitute;It is defeated
Enter electric capacity, 1/4 wavelength transmission line, output capacitance to be sequentially connected in series, input capacitance and the common point and ground of 1/4 wavelength transmission line
Limiter diode, reversal connection amplitude limit two between 1/4 wavelength transmission line and the common point and ground potential of output capacitance are just connect between current potential
Pole pipe.
Alternatively, Low ESR is presented to low-limit frequency measurement signal in the input capacitance, while to 50Hz line-frequency induction
High impedance is presented in signal.
Alternatively, the capacitance of the output capacitance is at least 100 times of input capacitance capacitance.
Alternatively, the input and output capacitors capacitance is at least 1000 times of limiter diode capacitor's capacity, defeated
The impedance for entering electric capacity and output capacitance in 50Hz frequencies is more than 5000 Europe.
Alternatively, the ac voltage withstanding value of the input capacitance is higher than 110V.
Alternatively, the capacitance of the input capacitance is 1000pF, and the capacitance of output capacitance is 0.1 μ F.
Alternatively, limiter diode in parallel carries out amplitude limit to the high-power measurement signal exported to measured piece, works as measured piece
When the power of output signal is less than clipped power, signal is undamped, when the power of measured piece output signal is more than clipped power,
The power of output signal is equal to clipped power after limiter diode.
Alternatively, the working frequency of the limiter diode covers the radio frequency band frequency of Noise Factor Analyzer, its amplitude limit
Power output is less than the maximum allowable input power of radio-frequency front-end first order low-noise amplifier.
Alternatively, produce the reflected signal from two limiter diodes at input port by 1/4 wavelength transmission line
Raw certain phase shift, so as to cause the reflected signal amplitude of synthesis to reduce, improves the matching performance and transporting of protection circuit port
Energy.
Alternatively, at approximate 1/4 wavelength frequency, two reflected signal phase differences nearly 180 from limiter diode
Degree, cancels out each other to greatest extent.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) it can prevent the 50Hz/110V line-frequency induction signal and measured piece that are produced due to imperfect earth from being exported big simultaneously
Power measurement signal burns the radio band receiving circuit of Noise Factor Analyzer, and overcomes conventional 50Hz/110V line-frequency induction to believe
There is ground connection DC channel in number suppression circuit, easily burn the shortcoming of measured piece and protection circuit, while proposed by the present invention protect
Protection circuit is smaller relative to the loss that the protection circuit based on shunt inductance is introduced, and is conducive to Noise Factor Analyzer total noise of centrifuge
The raising of coefficient performance indications.
(2) input port of protection circuit is improved by introducing 1/4 wavelength transmission line in limiter diode pair in parallel
Matching and transmission loss performance indications, so that the port match and noise-figure performance that improve Noise Factor Analyzer complete machine refer to
Mark.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the accompanying drawing used required in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 can be carried out for a kind of existing covering 10MHz-4GHz radio frequency operations frequency range to 50Hz line-frequency induction voltage signal
The protection circuit schematic diagram of suppression;
The protection circuit schematic diagram that Fig. 2 a make for a kind of existing use Microwave Limiter Diode;
Fig. 2 b are the corresponding matching of protection circuit shown in Fig. 2 a and transmission characteristic simulation result schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic diagram of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Existing protection circuit device can not realize to 50Hz/110V line-frequency induction voltage signal and measured piece output it is big
Power radio-frequency microwave measuring signals (usual frequency is more than or equal to 10MHz) are while suppressed, only using two kinds of different electricity
Road suppresses to both the above signal respectively.The circuit suppressed to 50Hz/110V line-frequency induction voltage signal is present
To the DC channel of ground circuit, when the output of measured piece has direct current signal, measured piece and protection circuit are easily burnt, while this
Plant circuit and also have the transmission loss for introducing general 0.5dB or so in whole radio band.The protection electricity realized using limiter diode
Road can only suppress to powerful frequency microwave signal, and because limiter diode itself has junction capacity and encapsulation electricity
The parasitic capacitances such as appearance, cause circuit to be deteriorated in the high-end matching performance of working frequency, and the loss of signal transmission is increased.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to propose that a kind of protection circuit that can be simultaneously suppressed to both the above signal is filled
Put, and solve the shortcoming that current circuit is present, i.e., protection circuit device proposed by the present invention is being realized to enter both the above signal
While row suppresses, the direct current signal of measured piece output can be isolated, and effectively improve protection circuit in the high-end matching of frequency
And transmission performance indicators.
The present invention protection circuit be located at RF receiving circuit foremost, as shown in figure 3, the present invention protection circuit by
Input capacitance C1 and output capacitance C2, positive-negative connected limiter diode in parallel are constituted to D1 and D2 and the part of 1/4 wavelength transmission line 3,
Input capacitance C1,1/4 wavelength transmission line, output capacitance C2 are sequentially connected in series, the public affairs of input capacitance C1 and 1/4 wavelength transmission line
Just meeting limiter diode D1 between concurrent and ground potential, 1/4 wavelength transmission line and output capacitance C2 common point and ground potential it
Between reversal connection limiter diode D2.
Input capacitance C1 and output capacitance C2 effect include following two aspects:
(1) stopping direct current:Prevent the direct current signal that measured piece is exported from entering RF front-end circuit, protection limiter diode is with after
The receiving circuit at end;Prevent rear end low-noise amplifier input DC offset voltage onwards transmission burn limiter diode and
Measured piece.
(2) partial pressure is carried out to 50Hz/110V line-frequency induction voltage signal, prevents powerful 50Hz/110V line-frequency induction
Voltage signal is applied on the low noise plus and blowup circuit module of rear end.
Pressure-resistant functional because of electric capacity, the ceramic paster electric capacity of such as 0805 encapsulation can bear the alternating current of several hectovolts
Pressure, therefore pass through electric capacity C1 and C2 reasonable value, it is ensured that 50Hz/110V line-frequency induction voltage signal mainly drops to electric capacity C1
On, and it is input to the line-frequency induction voltage signal amplitude of limiter diode and low noise plus and blowup circuit module input port
Power requirement can be born by meeting it, so as to prevent limiter diode and low noise amplifier circuit module by 50Hz/110V power frequency
Induced signal burns, while also ensureing that the transmission attenuation introduced to measurement signal is as small as possible, is usually no more than 0.1dB.
Input capacitance C1 and output capacitance C2 values rule are as follows:
(1) Low ESR is presented to low-limit frequency measurement signal (being usually 10MHz) in input capacitance C1, does not influence measurement signal
Transmission, while 50Hz line-frequency induction signal present high impedance.
(2) output capacitance C2 capacitance is at least 100 times of input capacitance C1 capacitances, C1 and C2 capacitances are at least amplitude limit two
1000 times of pole pipe capacitor's capacity, C1 and C2 should be greater than 5000 Europe in the impedance of 50Hz frequencies, so as to ensure the 50Hz works of input
Frequency induced voltage signal is mainly dropped at input capacitance C1 two ends.Meanwhile, input capacitance C1 ac voltage withstanding value should be higher than that 110V, and
Leave certain surplus, it is pressure-resistant on will the volume of dropping use, Fig. 3 shows one group of implementation of input capacitance C1 and output capacitance C2 values
Example.
The high-power measurement signal that limiter diode in parallel is exported to D1 and D2 to measured piece carries out amplitude limit, when measured piece is defeated
When the power gone out is less than clipped power, signal is undamped, when the power of signal is more than clipped power, after limiter diode
The power of output signal is equal to clipped power, and the selection of limiter diode concrete model is true according to working frequency range and clipped power
Fixed, i.e., the working frequency of limiter diode will cover the radio frequency band frequency of Noise Factor Analyzer, and its amplitude limit power output is less than
The maximum allowable input power of radio-frequency front-end first order low-noise amplifier, at the same the junction capacity of limiter diode itself and other
Parasitic capacitance should be as small as possible.
1/4 wavelength transmission line is used for improving the matching performance of port, while reducing the transmission loss of protection circuit.Pass through 1/
4 wavelength transmission lines make the reflected signal from two limiter diodes at input port produce certain phase shift, so as to cause to close
Into reflected signal amplitude reduce, improve the matching performance and transmission performance of protection circuit port.In approximate 1/4 wavelength frequency
Place, two reflected signal phases from limiter diode differ nearly 180 degree, cancel out each other to greatest extent, can be achieved maximum
With the lifting with transmission performance, the value of length of transmission line can be optimized and compromise according to specific targets requirement.
The present invention improves the input of protection circuit by introducing 1/4 wavelength transmission line in limiter diode pair in parallel
Mouth matching and transmission loss performance indications, so as to improve the port match and noise-figure performance of Noise Factor Analyzer complete machine
Index.
Protection circuit proposed by the present invention can be prevented due to the 50Hz/110V line-frequency induction signals that imperfect earth is produced simultaneously
The high-power measurement signal exported with measured piece burns the radio band receiving circuit of Noise Factor Analyzer, and overcomes in the past
There is ground connection DC channel in 50Hz/110V line-frequency induction signal suppression circuit, easily burn the shortcoming of measured piece and protection circuit,
Protection circuit proposed by the present invention is smaller relative to the loss that the protection circuit based on shunt inductance is introduced simultaneously, is conducive to noise
The raising of coefficient analysis instrument total noise of centrifuge coefficient performance indications.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
God is with principle, and any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end, it is characterised in that
Protection circuit is located at RF receiving circuit foremost, by input and output capacitors, the pole of positive-negative connected amplitude limit two in parallel
Pipe to and 1/4 wavelength transmission line constitute;Input capacitance, 1/4 wavelength transmission line, output capacitance are sequentially connected in series, input capacitance
The public affairs of limiter diode, 1/4 wavelength transmission line and output capacitance are just connect between the common point and ground potential of 1/4 wavelength transmission line
Reversal connection limiter diode between concurrent and ground potential.
2. a kind of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is,
Low ESR is presented to low-limit frequency measurement signal in the input capacitance, while high resistant is presented to 50Hz line-frequency induction signal
It is anti-.
3. a kind of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is, the capacitance of the output capacitance is at least 100 times of input capacitance capacitance.
4. a kind of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is, the input and output capacitors capacitance is at least 1000 times of limiter diode capacitor's capacity, input capacitance and defeated
The impedance for going out electric capacity in 50Hz frequencies is more than 5000 Europe.
5. a kind of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is, the ac voltage withstanding value of the input capacitance is higher than 110V.
6. a kind of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is, the capacitance of the input capacitance is 1000pF, and the capacitance of output capacitance is 0.1 μ F.
7. a kind of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is, limiter diode in parallel carries out amplitude limit to the high-power measurement signal exported to measured piece, when measured piece output signal
When power is less than clipped power, signal is undamped, when the power of measured piece output signal is more than clipped power, by amplitude limit two
The power of output signal is equal to clipped power after pole pipe.
8. a kind of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end as claimed in claim 7, its feature
It is, the working frequency of the limiter diode covers the radio frequency band frequency of Noise Factor Analyzer, its amplitude limit power output is small
In the maximum allowable input power of radio-frequency front-end first order low-noise amplifier.
9. a kind of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is, the reflected signal from two limiter diodes at input port is produced certain phase shift by 1/4 wavelength transmission line,
So as to cause the reflected signal amplitude of synthesis to reduce, improve the matching performance and transmission performance of protection circuit port.
10. a kind of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end as claimed in claim 9, its feature
It is, at approximate 1/4 wavelength frequency, two reflected signal phases from limiter diode differ nearly 180 degree, to greatest extent
Cancel out each other.
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CN201710477620.8A CN107153140A (en) | 2017-06-09 | 2017-06-09 | A kind of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end |
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CN201710477620.8A CN107153140A (en) | 2017-06-09 | 2017-06-09 | A kind of protection circuit suitable for Noise Factor Analyzer receiver rf front-end |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111934299A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-11-13 | 中国电子科技网络信息安全有限公司 | Miniaturized high-power microwave protection device |
CN113037306A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-06-25 | 成都鼎桥通信技术有限公司 | Amplitude limiting protection circuit of RRU receiver and RRU receiver |
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CN105245196A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-01-13 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二四研究所 | Sub-band couple detector control limiter |
CN105306033A (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-02-03 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二四研究所 | Microwave integrated module of PIN transmit-receive switch and limiter |
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KR100272180B1 (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 2000-12-01 | 김춘호 | A rf switch employing a phase modification circuit |
CN202334451U (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-07-11 | 四川九立微波有限公司 | Power amplitude limiter applied to microwave scanning frequency signal source |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN113037306A (en) * | 2019-12-25 | 2021-06-25 | 成都鼎桥通信技术有限公司 | Amplitude limiting protection circuit of RRU receiver and RRU receiver |
CN111934299A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-11-13 | 中国电子科技网络信息安全有限公司 | Miniaturized high-power microwave protection device |
CN111934299B (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-02-09 | 中国电子科技网络信息安全有限公司 | Miniaturized high-power microwave protection device |
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Application publication date: 20170912 |