CN107151835B - A kind of Flexible graphene fiber and its continuous preparation method - Google Patents

A kind of Flexible graphene fiber and its continuous preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107151835B
CN107151835B CN201710360799.9A CN201710360799A CN107151835B CN 107151835 B CN107151835 B CN 107151835B CN 201710360799 A CN201710360799 A CN 201710360799A CN 107151835 B CN107151835 B CN 107151835B
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graphene
fiber
graphene oxide
flexible
band
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CN107151835A (en
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高超
许震
肖友华
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Hangzhou Gaoxi Technology Co Ltd
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Hangzhou Gaoxi Technology Co Ltd
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/09Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt for making electroconductive or anti-static filaments
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F9/00Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
    • D01F9/08Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
    • D01F9/12Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/227Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated
    • D06M15/233Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated aromatic, e.g. styrene
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/40Fibres of carbon

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Inorganic Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Flexible graphene fiber and its continuous preparation methods, this method is graphene oxide band (the elongation at break 20-50% that will have both macro and micro fold, intensity is 20-200MPa) continuous flexible graphene oxide fiber is obtained through twisting, further Flexible graphene fiber is obtained through reduction;It has both good mechanical strength and excellent flexibility, while having good electric conductivity and heating conduction;Its elongation at break is 10-100%, and intensity 30-150MPa, conductivity is 2 × 104‑5×105S/m, thermal conductivity are 200-1000W/ (MK).This Flexible graphene fiber can be used for preparing graphene fabric, take advantage with good.At apparel industry (electric heating clothes etc.), the multiple fields such as lightweight wire have important application.

Description

A kind of Flexible graphene fiber and its continuous preparation method
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of nano material preparation, especially a kind of Flexible graphene fiber and its serialization preparation side Method.
Background technique
Graphene is the two dimensional crystal material being made of monoatomic layer, and having excellent electric property, (electronics moves at room temperature Shifting rate is up to 2 × 105cm2/ Vs), heating conduction 5000W/ (MK) outstanding, extraordinary specific surface area (2630M2/ g), poplar Family name's modulus (1100GPa) and breaking strength (125GPa) etc., so that its application prospect is very wide.Stone is reported for the first time within 2011 Since the preparation of black alkene fiber (Nat.Commun.2011,2,571), the preparation of graphene fiber and its functionalization have become and work as Preceding research hotspot.Although having the graphene fiber being prepared at present, the flexibility of the graphene fiber of report is poor, The graphene fiber (Adv.Mater.2016,28,6449) that intensity most reaches by force 2.2GPa is reported within 2016, but it stretches and breaks Elongation is split less than 1%, it is shown that excessively poor flexibility, it is virtually impossible to meet the requirement of fibrage.
Pure graphene fiber comparison made of twisting with existing report, patent (application number: 201510000105.1) main If being based on CVD method high temperature load graphene film under copper foil catalysis, graphene fiber is obtained through separation twisting;Patent (Shen Please number: 201510000113.6) mainly graphene oxide film is cut, twist at graphene fiber;Patent (201610049453.2,201610049310.1) are mainly based upon the graphene film restored and wind to obtain graphene fibre Dimension.
Graphene film is a macroscopical application form of graphene.However, current Flexible graphene film is all based on greatly drawing The contraction of the polymer-based end stretched controls the macroscopic view lying fold of graphene film or prepared by the surface texture based on substrate The graphene film of corresponding construction.It is not to assemble macroscopical graphene film, this fold by controlling the state of graphene monolithic It is not spontaneous generation.In twisting process, the effect for stretching distortion can be generated, due to microcosmic monolithic when this film twisting is handled Flexibility it is poor, it is easy to generate defect, cause fiber entirety intensity decline seriously.Importantly, tradition prepares graphite The polymer-based bottom material of the method choice of alkene film fold, due to needing is pre-stretched polymer-based end or is surface-treated, It has suffered from very big limitation in application aspect.
The present invention is handled, the fold so that graphene oxide sheet is collapsed, piece from the angle of two-dimentional macromolecular based on poor solvent It is mutually overlapped between piece, forms physical crosslinking, gelation occurs, the graphene oxide gel band of self-supporting is obtained, through drying It has obtained with the continuous oxidation graphene ribbon for enriching micro and macro fold, with fabulous flexibility, elongation at break 20 ~50%;Graphene oxide band flexible is twisted into flexible graphene oxide fiber, is restored and post-processing obtains flexible stone Black alkene fiber.Therefore one kind can high-efficiency and continuous preparation have both mechanical strength and graphene fiber flexible is more able to satisfy graphene Fiber takes requirement, so as to better large-scale application.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of Flexible graphene fiber and its serialization system Preparation Method.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of Flexible graphene fiber, the soft graphite Alkene fiber is twisted into flexible graphene oxide fiber by graphene oxide band, is further obtained after carrying out reduction;The oxidation stone Black alkene band is mutually formed by overlapping by the graphene oxide sheet of fold, and crystallinity is lower than 60%.
A kind of continuous preparation method of Flexible graphene fiber, comprising the following steps:
(1) graphene oxide is dissolved in polar solvent, obtains graphene oxide liquid crystal solution, concentration is 1-30 mg/ mL。
(2) graphene oxide liquid crystal solution is squeezed out by the spinning die head of rectangle, solidifies shape by poor solvent coagulating bath At the graphene oxide gel band of self-supporting.
(3) it is collected through dry roll shaft, is dry, obtaining continuous more fold graphene oxide bands.
(4) continuous oxidation graphene ribbon is twisted through twister, Flexible graphene fiber is obtained after reduction.
Further, in step 1, the polar solvent is selected from: n,N-Dimethylformamide, water, N-Methyl pyrrolidone, Dimethyl sulfoxide, one or more of n,N-dimethylacetamide etc. are mixed by any proportion.
Further, in step 2, poor solvent coagulating bath is selected from: ethyl acetate, methylene chloride, alkanes, methanol, second Alcohol, n-butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerine, isobutanol, methyl acetate, butyl acetate, one of acetic acid etc. or more Kind is mixed according to arbitrary proportion.
Further, can be by the gathering speed of adjusting roll shaft in step 3, obtaining draw ratio is 1:1 to 5:1, orientation Degree is greater than 50% graphene oxide band, and the intensity of highly oriented graphene oxide band is up to 200 MPa.
Further, in step 4, reduction mode is selected from electronation, thermal reduction, electroreduction etc..Such as: by graphite oxide Alkene fiber is immersed in hydriodic acid aqueous solution, heats 5-24h at 70-100 DEG C.
It further, further include being post-processed to the Flexible graphene fiber obtained after reduction, the post-processing includes Heat treatment, electroplating processes, starching processing, the one or more such as doping treatment are handled simultaneously.
Further, the heat treatment is the processing such as heating, annealing;Electroplating processes are mainly in fiber surface electroplating gold Belong to, including gold, silver, copper etc.;Starching processing mainly coats polymeric coating layer in fiber surface;Doping treatment mainly passes through logical Overdoping technology mixes K, Ca, Br, N, P, B, Li, the elements such as Be, Na.Such as: by graphene fiber through 3000 DEG C be heat-treated Obtain graphited graphene fiber.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention utilize good solvent and poor solvent interaction, construct with it is microcosmic, The continuous graphite alkene band of macroscopical multistage fold, has fabulous flexibility, resistance to certain stretching and bending.And by this soft graphite The twisting of alkene band is restored at continuous flexible graphene oxide fiber and post-processing obtains Flexible graphene fiber.It has both Mechanical strength and elongation at break, while there is excellent conduction and heating conduction.After tested, mechanical strength is up to 30- 150MPa, elongation at break 10-100%, conductivity 2X104-5X105S/m, thermal conductivity are 200-1000W/ (MK).It is this Flexible graphene fiber can be used for preparing graphene fabric, in apparel industry (such as electric heating clothes), the multiple fields such as lightweight wire With important application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 flexibility continuous graphite alkene fiber prepares schematic diagram;
Flexible graphene oxide band SEM (A) and the sectional view (B) that Fig. 2 is handled through poor solvent;
The outside drawing for the Flexible graphene fiber that Fig. 3 is twisted;
The stress strain curve of Fig. 4 Flexible graphene fiber;
The I-V test chart of Fig. 5 Flexible graphene fiber;
Fig. 6 draw ratio is the flexible graphene oxide band of 1:2;
Fig. 7 is the XRD diagram of two kinds of fibers prepared by embodiment 4 and embodiment 5.
Specific embodiment
It is raw material the present invention is based on industrialized graphene oxide, it is continuous to make using the gelling of poor solvent It is standby that there is microcosmic, macrofold Flexible graphene band, elongation at break 20-50%, intensity 20-200MPa;Further plus Twirl obtains flexible graphene oxide fiber, is restored and post-processing obtains Flexible graphene fiber, after tested, mechanical strength can Up to 30-150MPa, elongation at break 10-100%, conductivity is 2 × 104-5×105S/m, thermal conductivity 200-1000W/ (MK).Which obviate precious metal high-temperature catalysis, avoid film dividing and twist the graphene fiber for being difficult to realize sufficient length Disadvantage.The present invention can high-efficiency and continuous preparation have both mechanical strength and graphene fiber flexible is more able to satisfy graphene fiber Requirement is taken, so as to better large-scale application.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention squeezes out graphene liquid crystal solution by rectangle spinning die head device, it is solidifying through poor solvent Gu bath solidification, the good solvent of liquid GO film are replaced by poor solvent, graphene oxide sheet is caused to shrink collapsing, GO piece occurs Fold mutually overlaps, and similar cross-linked polymer forms cross-linked network, so that the GO band of indefinite form (amorphous state) is constructed, into One step collects through dry roll shaft, is dry, and in the drying process, poor solvent volatilization under capillarity, is sent out on macroscopic form Raw fold again, to obtain continuous flexible graphene oxide band.This micro and macro multistage fold imparts graphene Band has fabulous flexibility, resistance to certain stretching and bending.After tested, crystallinity be lower than 60%, even up to 30% hereinafter, Elongation at break 20~50%.It is twisted by twister, reduction and post-processing obtain Flexible graphene fiber.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, the present embodiment be served only for making the present invention into The explanation of one step should not be understood as limiting the scope of the invention, and those skilled in the art is according in foregoing invention Appearance makes some nonessential changes and adjustment, all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
1, the graphene oxide water solution that concentration is 10mg/mL is placed in rectangle spinning die head device and prepares continuous liquid State graphene oxide band.
2, it solidifies to form graphene oxide gel band through ethyl acetate coagulating bath.
3, it collects to obtain continuous flexible graphene oxide band (as shown in Figure 2) without drawing-off through dry roll shaft.Wherein graphite Alkene belt surface has pleated structure very abundant, while it is regular accumulation that the bending fluctuation of sectional view, which also illustrates graphene film not, , it can thus be appreciated that graphene ribbon is comprehensive fold from inside to outside.The crystallinity of its band is 23%, elongation at break 18%, Repeatedly folding line is not left doubling 100,000 times or more.
4, continuous graphene oxide band twists to obtain graphene oxide fiber flexible (such as Fig. 3 institute through twister Show).
5, graphene oxide fiber is washed drying, obtains graphene fiber through 80 DEG C of reduction 10h of hydriodic acid aqueous solution. Its stress strain curve is as shown in figure 4, elongation at break about 85%, intensity about 60MPa.Its C-V curve is as shown in figure 5, conductivity is About 2.5 × 104S/m, thermal conductivity are 200W/ (MK).
Embodiment 2:
1, the N-Methyl pyrrolidone solution for the graphene oxide that concentration is 5mg/mL is placed in rectangle device for spinning and is made Standby continuous liquid oxidatively graphene ribbon.
2, graphene oxide gel band is formed through alcohol solidification bath solidification.
3, it collects to obtain continuous graphene oxide band (as shown in Figure 6), the crystallinity of film through dry roll shaft 1:2 drawing-off It is 40%, elongation at break 18% does not leave folding line doubling 100,000 times or more repeatedly.
4, the graphene oxide fiber that continuous graphene oxide band is twisted through twister.
5, graphene oxide fiber is washed drying, obtains graphene fiber through 85 DEG C of reduction 8h of hydriodic acid aqueous solution.
6, after handling graphene fiber via 3000 DEG C of high temperature graphitizations, elongation at break about 40%, intensity is about 150MPa.Conductivity is about 2 × 105S/m, thermal conductivity are 800W/ (MK).
Embodiment 3:
1, the N,N-dimethylformamide solution for the graphene oxide that concentration is 15mg/mL is placed in rectangle device for spinning Prepare continuous liquid oxidatively graphene fiber.
2, it solidifies to form graphene oxide gel band through n-butanol coagulating bath.
3, it collects to obtain continuous graphene oxide band, crystallinity 21%, extension at break through dry roll shaft 1:1 drawing-off Rate is 31%, does not leave folding line doubling 100,000 times or more repeatedly.
4, the graphene oxide fiber that continuous graphene oxide band is twisted through twister.
5, graphene oxide fiber is washed drying, obtains graphene fiber through 70 DEG C of reduction 15h of hydriodic acid aqueous solution.
6, it is wrapped up again through macromolecule (PS) coating after handling graphene fiber via 3000 DEG C of high temperature graphitizations, fracture Elongation about 100%, intensity about 110MPa.Conductivity is about 1.5 × 105S/m, thermal conductivity are 600W/ (MK).
It can be seen that from above embodiments 1-3 and prepare continuous graphene fiber through poor solvent gelation processing and have Flexible well, elongation at break is up to 100%;Its intensity has also reached 150MPa simultaneously, can meet well and take volume Knit requirement.
Embodiment 4:
1, the graphene oxide DMF solution that concentration is 15mg/mL is placed in rectangle spinning die head device and prepares 20cm's Liquid oxidatively graphene ribbon.
2, it solidifies to form graphene oxide gel band through ethyl acetate coagulating bath.
3, it collects to obtain continuous flexible graphene oxide band without drawing-off through dry roll shaft, crystallinity 22% is mechanical Elongation at break in tension test is 15%, does not leave folding line doubling 100,000 times or more repeatedly.
4, continuous graphene oxide band twists to obtain graphene oxide fiber flexible through twister.
5, graphene oxide fiber is washed into drying through 90 DEG C of reduction 10h of hydriodic acid aqueous solution, obtains Flexible graphene fibre Dimension.Its elongation at break about 80%, intensity about 75MPa.
Embodiment 5:
1, the graphene oxide DMF solution that concentration is 15mg/mL is placed in preparation 20cm long in rectangle spinning die head device Liquid oxidatively graphene ribbon.
2, graphene oxide band, elongation at break 2%, crystallinity 80% are formed through direct 80 DEG C of dryings.
3, graphene oxide band twists to obtain graphene oxide fiber through twister.
4, graphene oxide fiber is washed drying, obtains graphene fiber through 90 DEG C of reduction 10h of hydriodic acid aqueous solution. Its elongation at break about 8%, intensity about 30MPa.
From embodiment 4 and embodiment 5 comparison as can be seen that via poor solvent gelation processing be prepared have it is micro- It sees, the graphene ribbon of macrofold has extraordinary flexible advantage, the corresponding graphene fiber obtained by twisting, reduction Also good mechanical strength and flexibility are had both.The elongation at break of another conventional graphene ribbon only has 2% or so, through twisting It restores obtained graphene fiber and does not also have flexible and mechanical strength well.The XRD diffraction comparison diagram of Fig. 7 clearly illustrates It is via the crystallinity of the graphene fiber of poor solvent immersion treatment very low.Because of contraction of the graphene film in poor solvent Fold and gel band shrink the macroshrinkage that will lead to graphene ribbon caused by solvent volatilization in the drying process.And without Poor solvent immersion treatment accumulates regular graphene fiber peak crystallization with higher, is similar to crystalline polymer.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of continuous preparation method of Flexible graphene fiber, which comprises the following steps:
(1) graphene oxide is dissolved in polar solvent, obtains graphene oxide liquid crystal solution, concentration 1-30mg/mL;
(2) graphene oxide liquid crystal solution is squeezed out by the spinning die head of rectangle, solidifies to be formed certainly by poor solvent coagulating bath The graphene oxide gel band of support;
(3) it is collected through dry roll shaft, is dry, obtaining continuous more fold graphene oxide bands;
(4) continuous oxidation graphene ribbon is twisted through twister, Flexible graphene fiber is obtained after reduction.
2. method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1, the polar solvent is selected from: N, N- dimethyl Formamide, water, N-Methyl pyrrolidone, dimethyl sulfoxide, one or more of n,N-dimethylacetamide press any proportion It mixes.
3. method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 2, poor solvent coagulating bath is selected from: ethyl acetate, Methylene chloride, alkanes, methanol, ethyl alcohol, n-butanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerine, isobutanol, methyl acetate, acetic acid fourth Ester, one or more of acetic acid are mixed according to arbitrary proportion.
4. method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 3, can be obtained by the gathering speed of adjusting roll shaft It is 1:1 to 5:1 to draw ratio, the degree of orientation is greater than 50% graphene oxide band, and the intensity of highly oriented graphene oxide band can Up to 200MPa.
5. method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 4, reduction mode be selected from electronation, thermal reduction, Electroreduction.
6. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include being carried out to the Flexible graphene fiber obtained after reduction Post-processing, the post-processing include heat treatment, and the one or more of electroplating processes, starching processing, doping treatment are handled simultaneously.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the heat treatment is heating, annealing;Electroplating processes be Fiber surface plating metal, including gold, silver, copper;Starching processing is to coat polymeric coating layer in fiber surface;Doping treatment is logical Overdoping technology mixes K, Ca, Br, N, P, B, Li, Be, Na element.
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CN107502995B (en) * 2017-08-08 2019-08-16 杭州高烯科技有限公司 Graphene fiber and graphene fiber non-woven fabrics of a kind of fold and preparation method thereof
CN107804839B (en) * 2017-11-28 2019-12-10 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 High-elasticity graphene aerogel and preparation method thereof
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KR102695190B1 (en) * 2019-11-05 2024-08-13 한국전기연구원 Method for producing conductive graphene fibers using high heat resistant graphene oxide and conductive graphene fibers prepared using the same
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CN112127030A (en) * 2020-09-22 2020-12-25 杭州高烯科技有限公司 Preparation method of twisted self-fused graphene fiber
CN112522796B (en) * 2020-11-13 2021-09-28 浙江大学 Nano fiber and preparation method thereof
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CN115748234A (en) * 2022-11-21 2023-03-07 浙江大学 Preparation method of high-strength graphene material
CN116281986B (en) * 2023-04-17 2024-10-29 华能新能源股份有限公司 Preparation method, drafting device and application of three-dimensional graphene

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