CN107149194A - A kind of fire hat of inserted alloy framework load-bearing - Google Patents
A kind of fire hat of inserted alloy framework load-bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN107149194A CN107149194A CN201710427794.3A CN201710427794A CN107149194A CN 107149194 A CN107149194 A CN 107149194A CN 201710427794 A CN201710427794 A CN 201710427794A CN 107149194 A CN107149194 A CN 107149194A
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- helmet
- alloy
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- fire hat
- alloy framework
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A42—HEADWEAR
- A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
- A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
- A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
- A42B3/06—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets
- A42B3/062—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets with reinforcing means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A42—HEADWEAR
- A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
- A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
- A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
- A42B3/06—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A42—HEADWEAR
- A42B—HATS; HEAD COVERINGS
- A42B3/00—Helmets; Helmet covers ; Other protective head coverings
- A42B3/04—Parts, details or accessories of helmets
- A42B3/06—Impact-absorbing shells, e.g. of crash helmets
- A42B3/061—External coatings, e.g. with light reflective material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/262—Alkali metal carbonates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Helmets And Other Head Coverings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of fire hat, including：Alloy framework；Strengthen block, the enhancing block is embedded in alloy framework hollow out position, fixed by neck, with alloy framework formation helmet body；It is arranged at first refractory layer on surface in helmet body；It is arranged at the aerogel layer of the first heat-resisting layer surface；It is arranged at the second refractory layer of helmet external surface.Compared with prior art; the present invention carries out preparing fire hat by the way of composite shock-absorbing using the material such as embedded enhancing block, aeroge on alloy framework, framework; main shock resistance body is used as using alloy framework; secondary shock resistance and penertration resistance body are used as using enhancing block; aeroge prepares the fire hat of complex intensifying as thermal insulation layer, and this helmet has good shock resistance and lighter weight; human body can be more effectively protected, the injury that human body is subject in scene of fire is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to helmet technical field, more particularly to a kind of fire hat of inserted alloy framework load-bearing.
Background technology
In fire attack and rescue, the head of fireman often by the heat from the scene of a fire, cigarette, poison, radiation,
The injury of electric shock, external impacts etc..Fire hat can carry out integral protection to the head of fireman.Fire field environment is to fireman
Head injury generally can be divided into thermal environment injury, mechanical external force injury and electricity leakage injury, and mechanical external force injury includes object
Strike, high falling.
There are some researches show, helmet-head-neck system is nonlinear, and its response is also nonlinear, when active force increases,
Neck stress, helmet-head relative displacement and all non-linear increase of head acceleration.The helmet is hit by harder thing block, and it is rushed
Hit power action time shorter.Rammer rigidity and hardness are smaller, and the impact force action time is longer.Same size impacts masterpiece
For helmet top, action time is longer, and helmet-head relative displacement is big, but neck stress and head acceleration are just small.Suspension stiffness is got over
Greatly, buffer capacity is poorer, and the power for passing to neck is bigger, cushioning effect is not had completely, head acceleration is also with rigidity
Become big and increase.Helmet-head relative displacement then reduces as rigidity becomes big.The big people of head quality, helmet-head relative displacement is just big,
Neck stress diminishes, i.e. the big people of head quality can bear higher impact force.The big people of neck rigidity, passes to the power of neck
Greatly, and head acceleration is varied less, i.e., neck it is thick people confrontation cerebral concussion it is not favourable.
Based on above principle, the shock resistance of fire hat design should be noted it is following some：1. helmet cap shell will have enough
Intensity can directly stop alluvium, it is pierced through cap shell, and head is arrived in directly impact.2. helmet shell material will be as far as possible using thick
And light material.3. to make suspension arrangement constitute energy absorber system with helmet top locus overhead, impact peak value is reduced.4.
In the case of helmet shape and other accessory structure identicals, the number of plies of cushion be influence head impact load to absorb it is most important because
Element, the number of plies is more, more can effectively absorb and impact brought energy., in the case of buffer layer structure is identical and rational
Increase its number of plies as far as possible.5. hat holder group constitutes energy absorber system with to have cushion at head contact and leave certain space,
And prevent cranial bone deformation.
With the development of science and technology, the protection and adaptability of the old-fashioned helmet have not adapted to wanting for modern fire work
Ask.Therefore, many countries have developed new-type composite helmet and making process thereof.It is domestic in terms of preparing fire hat using composite at present
There is relevant report outside：Such as Chinese patent, Application No. 201420077866.8, entitled " a kind of antidetonation fire hat "
Antidetonation fire hat is reported, the helmet body is from the outside to the core successively by flame-retardant layer, hard protection layer, internal layer cushion, the helmet
Inner liner is constituted.Chinese patent, Application No. 201410114098.3, entitled " improved fire hat " reports one
Improved fire hat is planted, including helmet shell, lanyard, chin belt, shield are draped over one's shoulders, head circumference adjusting button, it is characterized in that being provided with three in helmet shell
Level damping and bidirectional adjustment mechanism, governor motion are connected and are installed in helmet shell each other with damping.Chinese patent, Shen
Please number be 201120172779.7, entitled " a kind of Novel fire fighting helmet " reports a kind of Novel fire fighting helmet, the helmet
Shell is made of the polyester fiber for possessing flame retardant effect and ultraviolet resistance stabilization, overall to be coloured with fluorescer；Mask position
In helmet shell forward position bottom, it is connected at rear portion with damping net, meanwhile, it is additionally provided with shock absorber part to coordinate on the top of damping net
Damping net carries out head protection；Under helmet shell, a protection tippet is additionally provided with, protection tippet is combined by fire-retardant radioresistance
Material manufacture, can be fixed in the helmet with snap-fastener or velcro；Meanwhile, headband, and head are provided with helmet shell
Take and be provided with sliding damper and headband adjuster.Chinese patent, application number 201220010689.2, entitled " head
Portion's safeguard structure " discloses a kind of cephalic protection structure, including cap body, with extexine, is set inside extexine into there is inner liner,
Accommodation space is formed between the extexine and inner liner.
Existing fire hat design is processed into helmet helmet body using materials such as phenolic resin frp, polyester fibers mostly
Use.There is overweight problem in this kind of helmet, long periods of wear can cause compressing to human cervical spine, but if reducing making for phenolic resin
With the decline of helmet intensity can be caused.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of fire hat, the fire hat that the present invention is provided is to inlay
The fire hat of formula alloy framework load-bearing, has good shock resistance on the basis of lighter in weight.
The invention provides a kind of fire hat of inserted alloy framework load-bearing, including：
Alloy framework, alloy framework is engraved structure, and hollow out adjacent margins are provided with neck；The compression strength of alloy framework is
100~800MPa；
Strengthen block, enhancing block is embedded in alloy framework hollow out position, fixed by neck, with alloy framework formation helmet
Body；
Strengthening block includes block, metal blocks, ceramic block, carbon materials mass body that fiber coats non-Newtonian fluid material
Or block prepared by 3-d braided fiber；
It is arranged at first refractory layer on surface in helmet body；
It is arranged at the aerogel layer of the first heat-resisting layer surface；
It is arranged at the second refractory layer of helmet external surface.
It is preferred that, the one kind or several of the material of the alloy framework in magnesium alloy, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy and high-strength steel
Kind.
It is preferred that, the neck includes T fonts groove, I-shaped groove, dovetail groove or dovetail groove.
It is preferred that, the fiber in the block of the fiber cladding non-Newtonian fluid material is selected from carbon fiber, glass fibre, virtue
One or more in synthetic fibre fiber, ceramic fibre and asbestos fibre.
It is preferred that, the non-Newtonian fluid material includes：
Gelatinized starch, ative starch, sodium hyaluronate, sodium chloride and water.
It is preferred that, the one kind or several of the materials of the metal blocks in magnesium alloy, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy and stainless steel
Kind.
It is preferred that, the material of the ceramic block is selected from boron carbide, carborundum, titanium carbide, boron oxide, silica, oxidation
One or more in titanium, oxidation of coal boron, silicon oxide carbide, aluminum oxide and oxidation of coal titanium.
It is preferred that, the one or more of the material of the carbon materials mass body in CNT, graphite and graphene.
It is preferred that, the composition of first refractory layer and the second refractory layer includes：
Silicones, sodium metasilicate, boron carbide, aminated compounds and aeroge；
The aminated compounds includes：One or both of diethylenetriamine and triethylene tetramine.
It is preferred that, the silicones, sodium metasilicate, boron carbide, the mass ratio of aminated compounds and aeroge are A：B：C：D：
E, 0 ＜ A≤80,0 ＜ B≤80,0 ＜ C≤50,0 ＜ D≤20；0 ＜ E≤15.
Compared with prior art, the invention provides a kind of fire hat of inserted alloy framework load-bearing, using alloy
The mode of the material progress composite shock-absorbing such as embedded enhancing block, aeroge prepares fire hat on framework, framework, with alloy framework
As main shock resistance body, using enhancing block as secondary shock resistance and penertration resistance body, aeroge is prepared multiple as thermal insulation layer
The fire hat of reinforcing is closed, this helmet has good shock resistance and lighter weight, can more effectively protect people
Body, reduces the injury that human body is subject in scene of fire.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the accompanying drawing used required in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
The embodiment of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also basis
The accompanying drawing of offer obtains other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of alloy framework provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of neck provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation for the block that fiber provided in an embodiment of the present invention coats non-Newtonian fluid material；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of mould provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of fire hat provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The invention provides a kind of fire hat, including：
Alloy framework；
Strengthen block, the enhancing block is embedded in alloy framework hollow out position, with alloy framework formation helmet body；
It is arranged at first refractory layer on surface in helmet body；
It is arranged at the aerogel layer of the first heat-resisting layer surface；
It is arranged at the second refractory layer of helmet external surface.
The fire hat that the present invention is provided includes alloy framework, and alloy framework is engraved structure, and hollow out adjacent margins are provided with
Neck.In the present invention, in alloy framework alloy or alloy framework compression strength be 100~800MPa, preferably 200~
700MPa, more preferably 300~600MPa, most preferably 400~500MPa.In the present invention, the material of the alloy framework
One or more in preferably alloy in lightweight, such as magnesium alloy, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy and high-strength steel.
In the present invention, the structure of alloy framework is preferably the structure shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 1 is provided in an embodiment of the present invention
The structural representation of alloy framework, at least includes：Profile-followed edge muscle 1, lengthways main steel bar 2, with lengthways main steel bar 2 in helmet top cross
Horizontal cage bar 3, the backward cage bar 4 intersected with lengthways main steel bar 2 and horizontal cage bar 3, positioned at the backward top of cage bar 4 and with longitudinal master
The upper backward cage bar 5 that muscle 2 and horizontal cage bar 3 are intersected, intersects positioned at the backward bottom of cage bar 4 and with lengthways main steel bar 2 and horizontal cage bar 3
Lower backward cage bar 6.In the present invention, the skeleton muscle in the alloy framework is preferably bar shaped, the lateral cross of skeleton muscle
Product is preferably 8~100mm2, more preferably 10~80mm2, more preferably 30~60mm2, most preferably 40~50mm2；Skeleton muscle
Width be preferably 10~15mm, thickness is preferably 2~4mm.
The present invention does not have special limitation to the preparation method of alloy framework, using framework well known to those skilled in the art
Technology of preparing as cast or extrusion process global formation or being prepared using welding procedure.
In the present invention, the edge of alloy framework openwork part is provided with neck, and neck is used to install fixed enhancing block, card
Groove can be formed when preparing fit framework, can also be manufactured separately, and be then fitted on conjunction framework, can use rivet interlacement, institute
The material for stating neck is consistent with the material of alloy framework, will not be repeated here.The present invention does not have special limit to the shape of neck
System, using dovetail groove well known to those skilled in the art, T fonts groove, I-shaped groove or dovetail groove, as shown in Fig. 2 Fig. 2 is
The structural representation of neck provided in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (1) is T font grooves, (2) are I-shaped groove, and (3) are dovetail groove.
The fire hat that the present invention is provided includes enhancing block, and the enhancing block is embedded in the hollow-out parts of alloy framework
Position, is fixed by neck, also can will strengthen block using rivet if necessary and alloy framework is further fixed.In the present invention,
Enhancing block is preferably evenly distributed through in alloy framework, by the neck of multiple enhancing block insertion alloy frameworks, makes alloy frame
Frame is closed forms helmet body with enhancing block, and helmet body surface face is the structure of similar tortoise shell.
In the present invention, enhancing block includes block, metal blocks, ceramic block that fiber coats non-Newtonian fluid material
Block prepared by body, carbon materials mass body or 3-d braided fiber.In the present invention, the fiber coats non-Newtonian fluid material
The structure of block is preferably as shown in figure 3, Fig. 3 is the block that fiber provided in an embodiment of the present invention coats non-Newtonian fluid material
Structural representation, including：
The upper shell 7 of Fiber Materials,
The lower house 10 of Fiber Materials, upper shell 7 and the formation cavity of lower house 10,
The non-Newtonian fluid material 8 of inside cavity is filled in,
It is arranged on the metallic plate 9 of cavity bottom.
In the present invention, the Fiber Materials upper shell is preferably shaped to regular hexagon or octagon；Upper shell
Curved surface is preferably circular cone or discount vibram outlet；Circular cone or discount vibram outlet radius are preferably 10~60mm, more preferably 20~50mm, most preferably 30
~40mm；Circular cone or discount vibram outlet height preferably 0~40mm, most preferably more preferably 10~30mm, 15~25mm；Adjacent circular cone or
The center of circle spacing of discount vibram outlet is preferably 2~20mm, more preferably 5~15mm, most preferably 8~12mm.
In the present invention, the lower house of the Fiber Materials is preferably shaped to regular hexagon or octagon；The fibre
The upper shell of the lower house and Fiber Materials of tieing up material can be connected, and form closed cavity.
In the present invention, the fiber (fiber cloth) in the fiber cladding non-Newtonian fluid material is selected from carbon fiber, glass
One or more in fiber, aramid fiber, ceramic fibre and asbestos fibre.In the present invention, the non-Newtonian fluid material
Formed, can be widely applied on athletic equipment and outdoor wear by viscose and polymer compound.This material is just
Loose state is kept in the case of often, it is not only light but also soft, the normal activity of people is not interfered with, only when by hard hit
It just can rapidly tighten up and be hardened, form one layer of overcoat, so as to reduce the injury hit to user's body.In the present invention, institute
Non-Newtonian fluid material is stated to preferably include：Gelatinized starch, ative starch, sodium hyaluronate, sodium chloride and water.In the present invention, it is described
Gelatinized starch, ative starch, sodium hyaluronate, the mass ratio of sodium chloride and water are preferably (10~20)：(25~35)：(10~20)：
(5~10)：(30~35), more preferably 15:30:15:7.5:32.5.
In the present invention, although non-Newtonian fluid material has certain degree of hardness in the case where not stressing, also relatively
Soft, when by outside violent active force, non-Newtonian fluid material is made up of long chain, and strand can be locked, overall meeting
Become very hard, when being foreign impacts using the purpose of metallic plate 9, the active force of non-Newtonian fluid material and metallic plate and
Reaction force makes non-Newtonian fluid material be hardened, and the overall stress of sheet material can also allow pressure to diminish, and disperses pressure.In the present invention
In, the material of the metallic plate is preferably magnesium, aluminium, titanium or stainless steel.In the present invention, the thickness of the metallic plate is preferably
0.5~1mm.
In the present invention, the preparation method of the block of fiber cladding non-Newtonian fluid material is preferably：
Releasing agent is wiped in die surface；
The cloth of size needed for fiber cloth is cut into；
One or more layers fiber cloth is layed in lower mould；
Colloid is poured into lower mould；
By mold and lower mould matched moulds, the contact surface of upper/lower die leaves interstitial channels, contributes to gas and unnecessary glue
Body is discharged, and heating makes fiber cloth hardening sizing, obtains the upper shell of Fiber Materials；
By the upper shell back-off of Fiber Materials, non-Newtonian fluid material is put into its caveli body；
Another block size and the close fiber cloth of upper shell are cut out, by its surface coating colloid；
Size and upper shell diameter identical metallic plate are buckled in upper shell surface, caveli body is covered；
By the fiber cloth covering of coating colloid on a metal plate, upper/lower die matched moulds is heated in heating furnace, under formation
Housing, upper shell and lower house constitute in the cavity of closing, cavity and seal non-Newtonian fluid material up for safekeeping.
In the present invention, the mould as shown in figure 4, Fig. 4 be mould provided in an embodiment of the present invention structural representation,
Including upper/lower die 11, the pod apertures 12 on mould are arranged on, the fiber of mould inside coats the block of non-Newtonian fluid material
13.In the present invention, the releasing agent is preferably polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).In the present invention, the composition of the colloid is preferably comprised
The colloid of epoxy resin and amine curing agent or the colloid including phenolic resin and amine curing agent.In the present invention, heat fine
The temperature for tieing up cloth is preferably 20~200 DEG C, more preferably 50~150 DEG C, most preferably 80~120 DEG C.
The present invention does not have special limitation to the shape of metal blocks, and the shape of metal blocks can be mounted to alloy framework
Hollow out position, with alloy framework formation helmet body.In the present invention, the metal blocks be preferably shaped to hexagon or
Octagon；The diameter dimension of the metal blocks inscribed circle is preferably 10~60mm, more preferably 20~50mm, most preferably 30
~40mm.In the present invention, the material of the metal blocks is preferably selected from magnesium alloy, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy or stainless steel
It is one or more of.In the present invention, the preparation method of the metal blocks is preferably using die casting or by metal base by molten metal
Material carries out the block of shape needed for forging and stamping are prepared.
The present invention does not have special limitation to the shape of ceramic block, and the shape of ceramic block can be mounted to alloy framework
Hollow out position, with alloy framework formation helmet body.In the present invention, the ceramic block be preferably shaped to hexagon or
Octagon；The diameter dimension of the ceramic block inscribed circle is preferably 10~60mm, more preferably 20~50mm, most preferably 30
~40mm.In the present invention, the material in the ceramic block is preferably selected from boron carbide, carborundum, titanium carbide, boron oxide, oxygen
One or more in SiClx, titanium oxide, oxidation of coal boron, silicon oxide carbide, aluminum oxide and oxidation of coal titanium.In the present invention, it is described
Ceramic block can be prepared using ceramic powders by powder sintered method.In the present invention, the ceramic powders
Particle mean size is preferably 20nm~50000nm, more preferably 50nm~40000nm, more preferably 100nm~30000nm, more excellent
Elect 1000nm~20000nm, most preferably 5000nm~10000nm as.In the present invention, the powder sintered temperature is preferred
For 1200 DEG C~2000 DEG C, more preferably 1400~1600 DEG C.
The present invention does not have special limitation to the shape of carbon materials mass body, and the shape of carbon materials mass body can be mounted to alloy
The hollow out position of framework, with alloy framework formation helmet body.In the present invention, the carbon materials mass body is preferably shaped to six
Side shape or octagon；Tangential circle diameter is preferably dimensioned to be 10~60mm, more preferably 20~50mm in the carbon materials mass body, most
Preferably 30~40mm.In the present invention, the material of the carbon materials mass is preferably selected from CNT, graphite and graphene
It is one or more of.In the present invention, the preparation method of the carbon materials mass body is preferably that carbon materials material is carried out into vacuum hotpressing
The carbon materials mass body of shape needed for sintering is prepared.
What control of two-dimensional braided technology was knit out is the cloth of two dimensional surface, and the thickness of cloth depends on the thickness and weaving square of silk thread
Method, three dimensional weaving technique is then that very thick cloth is knit out on three-dimensional, is woven into many layers.This three dimensional knitted product is
One " block ", will not reel off raw silk from cocoons after cutting.3-d braided fiber technology is a kind of novel high-performance composite structural part
Technology of preparing, is, into the near net-shaped three-dimensional integral fabric (weaving preform) of composite material structural member, then to adopt fibrage
With composite curing formation high-performance composite materials structural member after resin transfer molding (RTM) process (RTM) resin by injection.Due to being three-dimensional
The block that integral fabric is prepared is strengthened in a thickness direction, is easily divided so as to overcome traditional laminated composite
The shortcoming of damage layer, with excellent mechanical property.The present invention does not have special to the specific method of the 3-d braided fiber
Limitation, be using three dimensional knitting machine braided fiber using the technical scheme of 3-d braided fiber well known to those skilled in the art
Can.In the present invention, the fiber that the 3-d braided fiber is used is preferably selected from carbon fiber, glass fibre, aramid fiber, pottery
The one or more of porcelain fiber and asbestos fibre, more preferably carbon fiber and glass fibre；The carbon fiber and glass fibre
Mass ratio is preferably (70~90)：(10~30), more preferably (75~85)：(15~25), most preferably 80:20.In this hair
In bright, block prepared by the 3-d braided fiber is preferably shaped to sheet material, and the thickness of the sheet material is preferably 4~6mm, more
Preferably 5mm.
In the present invention, enhancing block is embedded in the hollow out position formation helmet helmet body of alloy framework.The present invention is in helmet body
The refractory layer of inner surface setting first, the second refractory layer is set in helmet external surface；Outer surface sets refractory layer simultaneously in helmet body,
When refractory layer is damaged outside the helmet, internal refractory layer can equally play waterproof, anti-electric, resistant to elevated temperatures effect.In the present invention
In, the composition of first refractory layer and the second refractory layer preferably include silicones, sodium metasilicate, boron carbide, aminated compounds and
Aeroge, the aminated compounds includes one or both of diethylenetriamine and triethylene tetramine, preferably divinyl three
Amine.In the present invention, the silicones is preferably PSI.In the present invention, the sodium metasilicate is preferably silicon
Acid sodium aqueous solution is waterglass.In the present invention, the aeroge is preferably aerogel particle；The granularity of aerogel particle is preferred
＜ 0.5mm.In the present invention, the mass ratio of the silicones, sodium metasilicate, boron carbide, aminated compounds and aeroge is preferably
A：B：C：D：E, 0 ＜ A≤80,0 ＜ B≤80,0 ＜ C≤50,0 ＜ D≤20,0 ＜ E≤15；More preferably (10~70)：(10~
70)：(10~40)：(5~15)：(3~12), be most preferably (30~40)：(30~40)：(20~30)：(8~12)：(5~
10).In the present invention, the thickness of first refractory layer is preferably 0.3~2mm, more preferably 0.5~1.5mm, is most preferably
0.8~1.2mm.In the present invention, the thickness of second refractory layer is preferably 0.3~2mm, more preferably 0.5~1.5mm,
Most preferably 0.8~1.2mm.
In the present invention, the preparation method of the refractory layer carries out pulp spraying preferably by by the preparing raw material of refractory layer
It is applied to helmet body surface face or prepares the infiltration of helmet body into the slurry of refractory layer preparing raw material.
The present invention provides the aerogel layer that fire hat includes being arranged at the first heat-resisting layer surface.In the present invention, airsetting
Glue is a kind of solid matter form, is one of the solid of world's upper density very little.Density is 3 kilograms every cubic metre, only air
2.75 times of density.Due in aeroge 80% above is air, with extraordinary effect of heat insulation, the thick aeroge phase of one-inch
When the heat insulating function of 20 to 30 blocks of simple glasses.Even if aeroge is placed between rose and flame, rose also can be at all lossless.
Aeroge is seemingly " fragile ", in fact very sturdy and durable.It can bear pressure of thousands of times equivalent to sole mass,
Temperature can just melt when reaching 1200 degrees Celsius.In addition its thermal conductivity and refractive index are also very low, and insulating capacity is than best glass
Glass fiber is also eager to excel 39 times.In the present invention, the thickness of the aerogel layer is preferably 1~10mm, more preferably 2~8mm, most
Preferably 3~6mm.The present invention does not have special limitation to the preparation method of the aeroge, and those skilled in the art can purchase
Commercially available aerogel products are cut out fits in the first heat-resisting layer surface to be suitably sized.
The fire hat structure for the inserted alloy framework load-bearing that the present invention is provided is as shown in figure 5, Fig. 5 is implemented for the present invention
The structural representation for the fire hat that example is provided, includes aerogel layer 14, the alloy with I-shaped neck successively from inside to outside
Framework 15, is embedded in the enhancing block 16 in alloy framework, and first be arranged between reinforcement block and aerogel layer is heat-resisting
Layer (being not drawn into figure), is arranged on the second refractory layer 17 of reinforcement block outer surface.
The present invention does not have special limitation to the preparation method of the fire hat, according to the structure of the helmet by above-mentioned technology
Alloy framework, enhancing block, the first refractory layer, the second refractory layer and aerogel layer described in scheme are assembled, described
Alloy framework, enhancing block, the first refractory layer, described in the preparation method and above-mentioned technical proposal of the second refractory layer and aerogel layer
Method it is consistent, will not be repeated here.In the present invention, the preparation method of the fire hat is preferably：
Alloy framework with neck is provided；
Enhancing block is internally embedded in alloy framework and is fixed with neck, helmet body is formed, and will be increased if desired for that can use rivet
Strong block and alloy framework are riveted；
Heat-resisting composition of layer is respectively coated in outer surface in helmet body, forms the first refractory layer and the second refractory layer；
In the first heat-resisting layer surface laminating aeroge, aerogel layer is formed.
Prior art prepares helmet helmet body using materials such as phenolic resin frp, polyester fibers mostly, and this kind of material exists
There is elevated temperature strength reduction and high temperature ageing phenomenon under the extreme condition of the scene of a fire, protective capacities is limited.It is inserted that the present invention is provided
The fire hat of alloy framework load-bearing uses the damping modes that multiple material is combined, and fire hat is lifted on the basis of loss of weight
Heat resistance, high temperature shock resistance.Under equal protective capacities, the helmet of the invention weighs less than prior art weight；
With prior art helmet weight under the same conditions, the protective capacities of the helmet of the present invention is better than the helmet of prior art.
Raw material used in following examples of the present invention is commercial goods, and silicones is PSI, purchase
Buy from Anhui Ai Yueta silicone oil Co., Ltd, model polymethylphenyl siloxane fluid IOTA-255.Sodium silicate colloidal is the great work of Harbin rock
The waterglass of trade Co., Ltd.The AP series that aerogel particle provides for Nanuo Technology Co., Ltd., particle size is less than
0.5mm。
Embodiment 1
Helmet helmet preparation step is as follows：
(1) magnesium alloy helmet skeleton is prepared using die casting mode, magnesium alloy composition is AZ91+0.6wt.%Ce.Head
Helmet skeleton structure is as shown in figure 1, include helmet body edge muscle 1；One lengthways main steel bar 2；Three intersect at helmet top with lengthways main steel bar
Portion's transverse direction cage bar；Three backward cage bars for intersecting with lengthways main steel bar, helmet skeleton hollow out position marginal belt has T font necks.Head
The width of helmet skeleton muscle is 12mm, and thickness is 3mm, and skeleton overall weight is 200g.
(2) enhancing block is prepared, enhancing block is the block that carbon fiber coats non-Newtonian fluid material：
Upper/lower die shape is hexagon, and hexagon inscribed circle diameter size is 30mm, and material is stainless steel；
By upper/lower die surface wipes polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) releasing agent；
Carbon cloth (toray T500 unidirectional laminations) is cut into the cloth adapted to mold shape size；
2 layers of carbon cloth are layed in lower mould；
Colloid is poured into lower mould, colloid composition is：85wt% phenolic resin and 15wt% hexamethylenetetramines；
By upper/lower die matched moulds (upper/lower die contact surface leaves interstitial channels, contributes to gas and unnecessary colloid to exclude),
And being heated to 170 DEG C makes carbon fiber hardening shape, and forms upper shell；
By upper shell back-off, non-Newtonian fluid material is put into its caveli body, the composition of non-Newtonian fluid material is matched somebody with somebody
Than for：Gelatinized starch：15wt%；Ative starch：30wt%；Sodium hyaluronate：15wt%；Sodium chloride：7.5wt%；Water：
32.5wt%.
Cut out the carbon cloth close to size with upper shell, in its surface coating colloid, colloid composition and above-mentioned technical proposal
Unanimously；
Size and upper shell diameter identical magnesium alloy disk thin slice (0.7mm) are buckled in upper shell surface, covered recessed
Fall into cavity；
The carbon cloth (3 layers) of coating colloid is covered on magnesium alloy thin slice, upper shell is closed, seals non-in housing up for safekeeping
Newtonian fluid material；
The upper shell that inner chamber is closed is placed in lower mould, and upper/lower die matched moulds heating, heating condition is 150 DEG C, insulation
3 hours time, until its is fully hardened, obtain strengthening block, the structure for strengthening module is as shown in Figure 3.
(3) multiple enhancing blocks are prepared according to the method described above, and enhancing block is integrally embedded in helmet skeleton, makes helmet bone
Frame is closed, and uses rivet, and helmet helmet body surface face is the structure of similar tortoise shell.
(4) colloid coating is carried out simultaneously to helmet helmet inside and outside, surface forms the first refractory layer in helmet body, external in helmet
Surface forms the second refractory layer, and the composition of colloid is：30wt.% silicones, 55wt.% sodium silicate colloidals, 10wt.% boron carbides
Ceramic powder, 2wt.% diethylenetriamines, 3wt.% aerogel particles, the thickness of the first refractory layer is 0.5mm, the second refractory layer
Thickness is 0.5mm.
(5) aeroge cut out (the silica nanometer aeroge of Jenner company production) is pasted onto the first refractory layer
Surface, the thickness of aeroge is 3mm, prepares fire hat.
The fire hat prepared to the embodiment of the present invention 1 carries out weight test, and test result is 515 grams.
According to GA 44-93《Fire hat national standard》The fire hat that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is prepared is worn
Permeability energy, electric conductivity and heat resistance detection.Test result is that crown portion, sidepiece, front portion, the maximum impact at rear portion accelerate
Degree reaches 400gn, meets requirement of shelter；Fire hat is non-conductive under 2.2 kilovolts, the test condition of holding 5 minutes；Using
800 DEG C of flame burner burning cap shells remove flame after 15 seconds, and flame extinguishes immediately；The helmet be up to state standards in requirement of shelter
The upper limit.
Fire hat prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1 thinks peace F2XTREM fire hats with U.S. MSA plums and carries out weight ratio
Compared with identical pretective acreage, F2XTREM fire hat body weights are about 750 grams, and helmet loss of weight of the present invention is obvious.Exceeded
Under quasi- test environment (standard conditions are highly fallen from 1m using the steel ball of 5kg weights, it is ensured that the safety of manikin under the helmet,
Even if the sensor on model is not touched in helmet deformation yet), impact experiment is carried out from 2 meters of height using 5kg weights, the present invention is real
The helmet for applying the preparation of example 1 is intact, and a certain degree of breakage occur in F2XTREM fire hats, as a result show, head prepared by the present invention
Helmet superior performance.
Embodiment 2
(1) helmet skeleton is prepared according to the method for embodiment 1.
(2) enhancing block is prepared, enhancing block is block prepared by 3-d braided fiber：
Using three dimensional knitting machine to carbon fiber (toray T500 carbon fibers) and glass fibre (megalith board E-CR glass fibers
Dimension) carry out blending, wherein carbon fiber accounting 80wt%, glass fibre accounting 20wt%.Braiding obtains the flat board that thickness is 5mm.
Flat board is cut into multiple and helmet skeleton openwork part correspondingly-shaped block, brake forming then carries out dipping process, soaked
Glue processing detailed process be：Mould upper and lower surface is smeared into polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) releasing agent；, will after colloid is poured into lower mould
The block cut out is put into lower mould；Upper/lower die matched moulds is simultaneously heated to 170 DEG C, and the composition of glue is thermosetting phenolic resin
(phenolic resin synthesized under alkalescence condition).
(3) multiple 3-d braided fiber sheet materials after dipping process are integrally embedded in helmet skeleton, seal helmet skeleton
Close.
(4) colloid coating is carried out simultaneously to helmet helmet inside and outside, surface forms the first refractory layer in helmet body, external in helmet
Surface forms the second refractory layer, and the composition of colloid is：23wt.% silicones, 55wt.% sodium silicate colloidals, 10wt.% boron carbides
Ceramic powder, 2wt.% diethylenetriamines, 10wt.% aerogel particles, the thickness of the first refractory layer is 0.5mm, the second refractory layer
Thickness be 0.5mm.
(5) aeroge cut out (Jenner's board aerosil) is pasted onto the first heat-resisting layer surface, aeroge
Thickness be 2mm, prepare fire hat.
The fire hat prepared to the embodiment of the present invention 2 carries out weight test, and test result is 430 grams.
According to GA 44-93《Fire hat national standard》The fire hat that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is prepared is worn
Permeability energy, electric conductivity and heat resistance detection.Test result is that crown portion, sidepiece, front portion, the maximum impact at rear portion accelerate
Degree reaches 400gn, meets requirement of shelter；Fire hat is non-conductive under 2.2 kilovolts, the test condition of holding 5 minutes；Using
800 DEG C of flame burner burning cap shells remove flame after 15 seconds, and flame extinguishes immediately；The helmet be up to state standards in requirement of shelter
The upper limit.
Fire hat prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2 thinks peace F2XTREM fire hats with U.S. MSA plums and carries out weight ratio
Compared with identical pretective acreage, F2XTREM fire hat weight is about 750 grams, and helmet loss of weight of the present invention is obvious.Overproof
Under test environment (test condition be the same as Example 1), impact experiment, the embodiment of the present invention 2 are carried out from 2 meters of height using 5kg weights
The helmet of preparation is intact, and a certain degree of breakage occur in F2XTREM fire hats, as a result show, the helmet prepared by the present invention
Can be superior.
Embodiment 3
(1) helmet skeleton is prepared according to the method for embodiment 1.
(2) enhancing block is prepared, enhancing block is ceramic block：
Boron carbide nanometer powder (100 nanometers of particle mean size) paving is compacted in a mold, subsequent matched moulds, according to helmet skeleton
The shape at hollow out position selects suitable mould, the ceramic block prepared is mounted in helmet skeleton.Upper following table
Face carries out vacuum hotpressing again after being cold-pressed.Programming rate is 4 DEG C/min, 1500 DEG C of holding temperature, during insulation in hot pressing
Between 3h, then with stove Slow cooling.
(3) multiple ceramic blocks are integrally embedded in helmet skeleton, close helmet skeleton.
(4) colloid coating is carried out simultaneously to helmet helmet inside and outside, surface forms the first refractory layer in helmet body, external in helmet
Surface forms the second refractory layer, and the composition of colloid is：23wt.% silicones, 55wt.% sodium silicate colloidals, 10wt.% boron carbides
Ceramic powder, 2wt.% diethylenetriamines, 10wt.% aerogel particles, the thickness of the first refractory layer is 0.5mm, the second refractory layer
Thickness be 0.5mm.
(5) aeroge cut out (Jenner's board aerosil) is pasted onto the first heat-resisting layer surface, aeroge
Thickness be 2.5mm, prepare fire hat.
The fire hat prepared to the embodiment of the present invention 3 carries out weight test, and test result is 595 grams.
According to GA 44-93《Fire hat national standard》The fire hat that the embodiment of the present invention 3 is prepared is worn
Permeability energy, electric conductivity and heat resistance detection.Test result is that crown portion, sidepiece, front portion, the maximum impact at rear portion accelerate
Degree reaches 400gn, meets requirement of shelter；Fire hat is non-conductive under 2.2 kilovolts, the test condition of holding 5 minutes；Using
800 DEG C of flame burner burning cap shells remove flame after 15 seconds, and flame extinguishes immediately；The helmet be up to state standards in requirement of shelter
The upper limit.
Fire hat prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 3 thinks peace F2XTREM fire hats with U.S. MSA plums and carries out weight ratio
Compared with identical pretective acreage, F2XTREM fire hat weight is about 750 grams, and helmet loss of weight of the present invention is obvious.Overproof
Under test environment (test condition be the same as Example 1), impact experiment, the embodiment of the present invention 3 are carried out from 2 meters of height using 5kg weights
The helmet of preparation is intact, and a certain degree of breakage occur in F2XTREM fire hats, as a result show, the helmet prepared by the present invention
Can be superior.
As seen from the above embodiment, the invention provides a kind of fire hat, including：Alloy framework；Strengthen block, it is described
Enhancing block is embedded in alloy framework hollow out position, is fixed by neck, with alloy framework formation helmet body；It is arranged at table in helmet body
First refractory layer in face；It is arranged at the aerogel layer of the first heat-resisting layer surface；It is arranged at the second refractory layer of helmet external surface.With
Prior art is compared, and the present invention carries out composite shock-absorbing using the material such as embedded enhancing block, aeroge on alloy framework, framework
Mode prepares fire hat, using alloy framework as main shock resistance body, is invaded using enhancing block as secondary shock resistance with anti-
Thorough body, aeroge prepares the fire hat of complex intensifying as thermal insulation layer, this helmet have good shock resistance and
Lighter weight, can more effectively protect human body, reduce the injury that human body is subject in scene of fire.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fire hat, including：
Alloy framework, alloy framework is engraved structure, and hollow out adjacent margins are provided with neck；The compression strength of alloy framework is 100
~800MPa；
Strengthen block, enhancing block is embedded in alloy framework hollow out position, fixed by neck, with alloy framework formation helmet body；
Strengthening block includes block, metal blocks, ceramic block, carbon materials mass body or three that fiber coats non-Newtonian fluid material
Tie up block prepared by braided fiber；
It is arranged at first refractory layer on surface in helmet body；
It is arranged at the aerogel layer of the first heat-resisting layer surface；
It is arranged at the second refractory layer of helmet external surface.
2. fire hat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the material of the alloy framework is selected from magnesium alloy, aluminium
One or more in alloy, titanium alloy and high-strength steel.
3. fire hat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the neck includes T fonts groove, I-shaped groove, trapezoidal
Groove or dovetail groove.
4. fire hat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fiber coats the block of non-Newtonian fluid material
In one or more of the fiber in carbon fiber, glass fibre, aramid fiber, ceramic fibre and asbestos fibre.
5. fire hat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the non-Newtonian fluid material includes：
Gelatinized starch, ative starch, sodium hyaluronate, sodium chloride and water.
6. fire hat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the material of the metal blocks is selected from magnesium alloy, aluminium
One or more in alloy, titanium alloy and stainless steel.
7. fire hat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the material of the ceramic block is selected from boron carbide, carbon
SiClx, titanium carbide, boron oxide, silica, titanium oxide, oxidation of coal boron, silicon oxide carbide, aluminum oxide and one kind in oxidation of coal titanium or
It is several.
8. fire hat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the material of the carbon materials mass body is selected from carbon nanometer
One or more in pipe, graphite and graphene.
9. fire hat according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the composition of first refractory layer and the second refractory layer
Including：
Silicones, sodium metasilicate, boron carbide, aminated compounds and aeroge；
The aminated compounds includes：One or both of diethylenetriamine and triethylene tetramine.
10. fire hat according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the silicones, sodium metasilicate, boron carbide, amine
The mass ratio of compound and aeroge is A：B：C：D：E, 0 ＜ A≤80,0 ＜ B≤80,0 ＜ C≤50,0 ＜ D≤20；0 ＜ E≤15.
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| CN201710427794.3A CN107149194B (en) | 2017-06-08 | 2017-06-08 | Fire helmet of inserted alloy frame bearing |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710427794.3A CN107149194B (en) | 2017-06-08 | 2017-06-08 | Fire helmet of inserted alloy frame bearing |
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| CN108003392A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-05-08 | 高伟 | A kind of protective materials based on non-newtonian fluid, device and application |
| CN108899826A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-27 | 安徽坤和电气有限公司 | A kind of plastic steel cable bridge of bradyseism noise abatement |
| CN109063297A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-12-21 | 北京工业大学 | collapsible composite structure helmet lining based on SLS process and design method thereof |
| CN109546257A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-03-29 | 航天科工惯性技术有限公司 | Battery unit package device and solar energy unmanned plane with it |
| CN110684229A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-01-14 | 浙江远景体育用品有限公司 | Foaming composite material for bicycle safety helmet and preparation method thereof |
| CN112273774A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-01-29 | 西安工程大学 | Production method of knitting reinforcement high-strength composite helmet |
| CN114619683A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-06-14 | 湖北爱骑士体育用品有限公司 | Safety helmet forming process and safety helmet |
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| CN110684229A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-01-14 | 浙江远景体育用品有限公司 | Foaming composite material for bicycle safety helmet and preparation method thereof |
| CN110684229B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-06-30 | 浙江远景体育用品有限公司 | Foaming composite material for bicycle safety helmet and preparation method thereof |
| CN112273774A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-01-29 | 西安工程大学 | Production method of knitting reinforcement high-strength composite helmet |
| CN114619683A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-06-14 | 湖北爱骑士体育用品有限公司 | Safety helmet forming process and safety helmet |
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