CN107148050B - Wireless network traffic conveyer method based on Encounter Time Combined estimator - Google Patents
Wireless network traffic conveyer method based on Encounter Time Combined estimator Download PDFInfo
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- CN107148050B CN107148050B CN201710377380.4A CN201710377380A CN107148050B CN 107148050 B CN107148050 B CN 107148050B CN 201710377380 A CN201710377380 A CN 201710377380A CN 107148050 B CN107148050 B CN 107148050B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/16—Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
- H04W48/18—Selecting a network or a communication service
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of wireless network traffic conveyer method based on Encounter Time Combined estimator, include the following steps: that (10) Encounter Time is estimated :-the weight of duration pair of meeting interval time according to every group, probability distribution is calculated, estimates meeting interval time and the duration of meeting between radio node and Wi-Fi hotspot；(20) data are transmitted: assessing the desired utilization of each data transmission method, and maximum utility is selected it is expected that corresponding data transmission method carries out flow transhipment, transmit data；(30) it virtual income calculation: the duration and is actually met interval time according to actually meeting for data transmission procedure, calculates normalization transmission effectiveness, and effectiveness is transmitted according to the normalization and calculates virtual income；(40) weight updates: according to virtual income, calculating every group of meet interval time-weight and weight summation of duration pair.Wireless network traffic conveyer method of the invention, while accomplishing that data transmission delay is small, data transmission consuming is low.
Description
Technical field
It is provided simultaneously with that data transmission delay is small, data the invention belongs to wireless data transmission technology field, especially one kind
Transmission expends the low wireless network traffic conveyer method based on Encounter Time Combined estimator.
Background technique
With the universal and audio and video Streaming Media of the intelligent movables equipment such as smart phone, intelligent wearable device,
The rise of the various new business such as mobile service social shared and based on cloud, global mobile data total amount sustainable growth.For
Promotion data service quality, supports more and more mobile data services flows, there is an urgent need to improve cellular network for operator
Bearing capacity.Upgrading Radio Access Network and core infrastructures to improve capacity of cellular networks is reply mobile data services
Data volume rapid growth most straightforward approach.Upgrade expanding is carried out to cellular network and considerably increases construction and operation cost, but
It is that profit increment obtained by operator is but limited, i.e. the mobile number that can't can be supported with cellular network of profit
Increase by a year-on-year basis according to the growth of total business volume.In view of the significant cost of cellular network upgrade expanding, academia and industry are mentioned
Cellular network data flow pressure is reduced using various existing wireless access technologys out, i.e., macrocellular network will be needed to hold originally
The flow of load is transported to small cell network, WiFi network and device-to-device (Device to Device, D2D) communication network
In.This technology is referred to as mobile data transhipment (Mobile Data Offloading) or flow transhipment (Traffic
Offloading).Currently, flow transshipment problem has obtained the extensive concern of industry and academia circle, the main mobile network in the whole world
Network operator such as AT&T, Verizon, T-Mobile, Vodafone and Orange company etc. is all in their cellular network
A large amount of Wi-Fi hotspot is increased, inside to support flow to transport.Cisco System Co.'s statistical report points out that 2016 60% whole world is moved
Dynamic data traffic has been transported in fixed network by WiFi or femtocell, and there is 10.7Exa byte in the every month that is averaged
Flow is transported in fixed network.
When radio node movement, it may exceed the coverage area of WiFi network, cause node that can utilize WiFi
The data volume of network transmission is also relatively limited.For example, for the mobile subscriber on highway, roadside unit
(Roadside Units, RSUs) can provide WiFi access service for user, but the coverage area of single RSUs is relatively
Small, due to high-speed mobile, user is in the limited time of some RSUs coverage area.For user perspective, WiFi net is used
Network, which carries out flow transhipment, can greatly reduce data transmission cost, and therefore, user wishes to transmit number by WiFi network as far as possible
According to.But since each WiFi network transmission time is limited, user, which may need repeatedly to meet with WiFi network, could complete number
According to transmission, it is larger that this will lead to data transmission delay.That is, being deposited in the flow transhipment based on WiFi when node motion
The choice problem between propagation delay time is expended in transmission, i.e. user needs the relationship expended between time delay according to transmission to determine
It is fixed whether to use WiFi network transhipment flow.
When node motion, the flow that estimation WiFi network can transport is the key that user selects transhipment strategy.?
In the estimation of WiFi network turn-over capacity, meet interval time and duration of meeting are two key concepts.It meets when being spaced
Between definition be that user leaves the coverage area of a WiFi network to entering between the coverage area of next WiFi network
Time interval, and the definition for duration of meeting is residence time of the user in some WiFi network.It meets interval time
The approach frequency for embodying user and WiFi network, the turn-over capacity of WiFi network when the duration of meeting then directly determines to meet.
Current research achievement mainly historical record or establishes Markov chain mould to the movement of user according to meeting for user and AP
Type estimates the flow turn-over capacity of WiFi network, these methods assume that greatly moving process interior joint every time and WiFi network
Duration of meeting remain unchanged.However, the movement of node is influenced by factors such as actual traffic situations, can cause to meet
The dynamic change of duration.Existing estimation method does not adapt to meet the uncertain variation of duration.If estimation
Duration of meeting less than actual value, the flow conveyance meeting based on WiFi network will be missed, cause data transmission cost compared with
It is high；And if the duration of meeting of estimation is greater than actual value, data transmission delay will be caused to increase.
In short, problem of the existing technology is: since node motion causes node and WiFi network to meet the duration
Uncertainty, cause data transmission delay big or data transmission expend it is high.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of wireless network traffic conveyer methods based on Encounter Time Combined estimator, together
When accomplish data transmission delay is small, data transmission expend it is low.
The technical solution for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows:
A kind of wireless network traffic conveyer method based on Encounter Time Combined estimator, includes the following steps:
(10) Encounter Time is estimated: radio node meets interval time according to every group-weight of duration pair, and calculate phase
Duration interval time-is met to probability distribution, and according to the probability distribution, estimates the phase between radio node and Wi-Fi hotspot
It meets interval time and meets the duration；
(20) data are transmitted: meeting interval time according to the estimation between node and Wi-Fi hotspot and when estimation meets lasting
Between, the desired utilization of each data transmission method is assessed, and maximum utility is selected it is expected that corresponding data transmission method carries out flow
Data are transmitted in transhipment；
(30) virtual income calculation: when being spaced according to the duration and actually meeting of actually meeting of data transmission procedure
Between, it calculates the normalization obtained of present data transmission method and transmits effectiveness, and effectiveness is transmitted according to the normalization and is calculated virtually
Income；
(40) weight updates: according to virtual income, calculating every group of meet interval time-weight and weight of duration pair
The summation ,-weight of duration pair of meeting interval time as the estimation of Encounter Time next time.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage are as follows:
Take into account data transmission delay and data transmission expends: the present invention is by meeting interval to radio node and Wi-Fi hotspot
Time and meet the duration carry out Combined estimator, and select make data transmission the maximum transmission method of effectiveness by data transmission by
Cellular network is transported in WiFi network, realize data transmission expend and time delay between compromise, not only data transmission delay compared with
It is small, while data transmission consuming is lower.
Present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the main flow chart of the wireless network traffic conveyer method the present invention is based on Encounter Time Combined estimator.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of meet interval time and the duration of meeting of mobile node and Wi-Fi hotspot.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of Encounter Time estimating step in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of data transmission step in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of virtual income calculation step in Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is each flow conveyer method data transmission income obtained under different delay susceptibility.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is based on the wireless network traffic conveyer methods of Encounter Time Combined estimator, including walk as follows
It is rapid:
(10) Encounter Time is estimated: radio node meets interval time according to every group-weight of duration pair, and calculate phase
Duration interval time-is met to probability distribution, and according to the probability distribution, estimates the phase between radio node and Wi-Fi hotspot
It meets interval time and meets the duration；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of meet interval time and the duration of meeting of mobile node and Wi-Fi hotspot.
As shown in figure 3, (10) the two-phase chance time Estimate step includes:
(11) dual-time calculates probability distribution: meeting when being spaced for every group when radio node i-th and Wi-Fi hotspot are met
The probability distribution of m- duration pair is,
Wherein, tIExpression is met interval time, tDExpression is met the duration,Indicate node (i-1)-th time with
Meet interval time and the duration in combination (t that meets when Wi-Fi hotspot is metI,tD) weight, W (i-1) indicate node (i-1)-th
The weight summation of secondary and Wi-Fi hotspot all meet interval time and the duration in combination that meet when meeting, ImaxIndicate maximum phase
Meet interval time, DmaxIndicate that maximum is met the duration, parameterKnown income is utilized for adjusting
Compromise between ageing and the new ageing of detection, NΨ=ImaxDmax, T indicates total iteration round, and when initialization assigns
All interval time of meeting weights identical with the duration in combination that meets are given,
(12) Encounter Time is estimated: node according to the probability distribution of all possible ageing,Estimation i-th and Wi-Fi hotspot are met interval timeWith the duration of meeting
(20) data are transmitted: meeting interval time according to the estimation between node and Wi-Fi hotspot and when estimation meets lasting
Between, the desired utilization of each data transmission method is assessed, and maximum utility is selected it is expected that corresponding data transmission method carries out flow
Data are transmitted in transhipment；
As shown in figure 4, (20) data transmission step includes:
(21) desired utilization is assessed: defining data transmission method isIts corresponding utility function is Ua,
When a=0, utility function U0=0；
When a=1, utility function
Wherein pcAnd pwPrice when respectively indicating using cellular network and using WiFi network 1,000,000 data of transmission,Table
Show that user utilizes cellular network transmissionThe data volume that time can transmit,Indicate that this round starts with the remaining number in family
According to amount,Indicate the total amount of data that user can share using WiFi network,Indicate that user exists
This round uses nest network transmissionRemaining total amount of data after time；
When a=2, utility function
Indicate that user waits time delay from tdIncrease toWhen user satisfaction
Degree loss；
(22) data transmission method selects: selection maximum utility it is expected corresponding data transmission method aiCarry out data biography
It is defeated, i.e.,
(30) virtual income calculation: when being spaced according to the duration and actually meeting of actually meeting of data transmission procedure
Between, it calculates the normalization obtained of present data transmission method and transmits effectiveness, and effectiveness is transmitted according to the normalization and is calculated virtually
Income；
Node will take the data transmission method a determined in previous step in next moving processiComplete data
Transmission, the coverage area until being more than next Wi-Fi hotspot.Node can obtain actual interval time and the phase of meeting at this time
It meets the duration, and normalization transmission effectiveness is calculated according to the actual time.
As shown in figure 5, (30) virtual income calculation step includes:
(31) normalization transmission effectiveness calculates: node according to i-th and Wi-Fi hotspot meet in actually meet be spaced when
Between and actually meet the duration, according to data selected transmission method aiEffectiveness calculate normalization transmission effectiveness,
(32) virtual income calculation: effectiveness is transmitted according to normalization, virtual income is calculated as follows
ParameterFor error compensation parameter, estimation when dummy gain is estimated for compensating
Error, and ε ∈ (0,1).
(40) weight updates: according to virtual income, calculating every group of meet interval time-weight and weight of duration pair
The summation ,-weight of duration pair of meeting interval time as the estimation of Encounter Time next time.
(40) weight updates step specifically:
Every group is met interval time and the update method of duration pair of meeting is,
Wherein,For the pace of learning control parameter for control algolithm pace of learning, and i-th meets
After meet interval time and duration weight summation of meeting is updated to,
The present invention will be further described combined with specific embodiments below.
For verification the verifying results, we are by the flow of the invention based on meet interval time and the duration Combined estimator that meets
Conveyer method (convenient for statement, to be denoted as MABOO method in comparison diagram shown in Fig. 6) and existing other methods carry out pair
Three kinds of methods following than, main contrast:
(1) minimum to expend transporting mechanism (Minimizing Cost Offloading, MCO).When taking this conveyance
When processed, as long as satisfaction is not zero, always user postpones the data transmission of oneself, the coverage area until entering WiFi network
Within just start transmit data.When the satisfaction of user is reduced to zero, user will use the remaining data of cellular network transmission.
(2) transporting mechanism (On-The-Spot Offloading, OTSO) on the spot.When using this transhipment algorithm, use
Family once enters within the coverage area of WiFi network, will be immediately switched to WiFi transmission, otherwise user uses cellular network
Transmission.In addition, it is assumed that the caused waiting time delay of switching between WiFi network and cellular network is almost nil, therefore do not consider to cut
Change the loss of satisfaction caused by time delay.
(3) optimal transporting mechanism (being denoted as Optimal in following simulation result).In order to compare MABOO algorithm with it is optimal
Performance difference between algorithm.It should be noted that this method interval time and is met the duration according to actual meet, lead to
The method for crossing exhaustion, which is calculated, makes the WiFi of Income Maximum transport strategy.The specific discharge that cellular network is arranged is using consuming
pc=2, and the specific discharge of WiFi network is lower than cellular network using consuming.Data to be transmitted packet size is from [500,800] Mb
Middle random selection.Consider that on the move with WiFi network or cellular network communication, the transmission of WiFi network is arranged in user node
Rate is 100Kbps.The extent function that user and time delay is arranged is H (t)=pcS-atb, wherein a represent user time delay it is quick
Feel parameter, the value of a is bigger, and it is more sensitive to time delay to represent user.The value of b determines user satisfaction with the variation speed of time delay
Rate, b>1, b=1 and b<1 respectively represent user satisfaction with recessed, linear and convex variation.The specific discharge of WiFi network makes
It is p with consumingw=0.1, and the transmission rate rate that cellular network is arranged is 40Kbps.For the extent function H of user
(t), selection time delay sensitivity parameter a changes to 1 from 0.1, and parameter b is randomly choosed in [0.8,1.2] range.
Analysis it is found that when deciding whether to carry out flow transhipment using WiFi network every time, the side MABOO that is mentioned of the present invention
Method can be met by the Combined estimator to node and meet interval time and the duration of meeting of WiFi network in different
Neatly selection makes the maximum transmission movement of effectiveness under duration variation, and MCO method and OTSO method can not be according to phases
The variation for meeting the duration selects different transmission movements.Particularly, MCO method always waits until that WiFi network carries out flow and turns
Fortune, it is too long when interval time of meeting, or when the duration of meeting is shorter, WiFi network is used to carry out the receipts that flow transhipment obtains
Benefit can lower than directly use cellular network transmission income, MABOO method of the invention at this time will use cellular network transmission from
And obtain higher income；OTSO method all uses cellular network within interval time of meeting, and makes within the duration of meeting
Flow transhipment is carried out with WiFi network, it is shorter when interval time of meeting, and when the duration of meeting is longer, in interval time of meeting
The cost of interior cellular transmission be greater than it is within the time period etc. to be transmitted caused by satisfaction loss when, OTSO directly uses Cellular Networks
The income that network transmission causes income to obtain than MABOO of the invention is lower.Fig. 6 shows the various sides under different delay susceptibility
Method data obtained transmit income, it can be seen that the data that MABOO method proposed by the present invention finally obtains transmit income ratio
MCO method is high by 34.3%, and higher than OTSO method by 101.1%.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of wireless network traffic conveyer method based on Encounter Time Combined estimator, which comprises the steps of:
(10) Encounter Time is estimated: radio node meets interval time according to every group-weight of duration pair, and between calculating is met
Every when m- duration to probability distribution, and according to the probability distribution, estimate between meeting between radio node and Wi-Fi hotspot
Every the time and meet the duration；
(20) data are transmitted: interval time is met according to the estimation between node and Wi-Fi hotspot and estimation is met the duration,
The desired utilization of each data transmission method is assessed, and maximum utility is selected it is expected that corresponding data transmission method carries out flow and turns
Fortune transmits data；
(30) it virtual income calculation: the duration and is actually met interval time, is counted according to actually meeting for data transmission procedure
It calculates the normalization obtained of present data transmission method and transmits effectiveness, and effectiveness is transmitted according to the normalization and calculates virtual income；
(40) weight updates: according to virtual income, calculate every group meet interval time-weight of duration pair and weight it is total
With-the weight of duration pair of meeting interval time as the estimation of Encounter Time next time；
(10) two-phase meets time Estimate step
(11) dual-time calculates probability distribution: radio node i-th is met interval time-is held for every group when meeting with Wi-Fi hotspot
The probability distribution of continuous time pair is,
Wherein, tIExpression is met interval time, tDExpression is met the duration,Indicate node (i-1)-th time and WiFi
Meet interval time and the duration in combination (t that meets when hot spot meetsI,tD) weight, W (i-1) indicate node (i-1)-th time with
The weight summation of all meet interval times and the duration in combination that meets, I when Wi-Fi hotspot is metmaxBetween indicating that maximum is met
Every the time, DmaxIndicate that maximum is met the duration, parameterFor adjusting the time using known income
Combine and detect the compromise between new ageing, NΨ=ImaxDmax, T indicates total iteration round, and when initialization assigns institute
Some is met interval time weight identical with the duration in combination that meets,
(12) Encounter Time is estimated: node according to the probability distribution of all possible ageing,Estimate
Meter i-th and Wi-Fi hotspot are met interval timeWith the duration of meeting
(20) data transmission step includes:
(21) desired utilization is assessed: definition data transmission method is a ∈ A={ 0,1,2 }, and corresponding utility function is Ua,
When a=0, utility function U0=0；
When a=1, utility function
Wherein pcAnd pwPrice when respectively indicating using cellular network and using WiFi network 1,000,000 data of transmission,It indicates to use
Family utilizes cellular network transmissionThe data volume that time can transmit,Indicate that this round starts with the remaining data in family
Amount,Indicate the total amount of data that user can share using WiFi network,Indicate user at this
Round uses nest network transmissionRemaining total amount of data after time；
When a=2, utility function
Indicate that user waits time delay from tdIncrease toWhen user satisfaction damage
Consumption；
(22) data transmission method selects: selection maximum utility it is expected corresponding data transmission method aiCarry out data transmission, i.e.,
(30) virtually income calculation step includes:
(31) normalization transmission effectiveness calculates: node according to i-th and Wi-Fi hotspot meet in actually meet interval time and
It actually meets the duration, according to data selected transmission method aiEffectiveness calculate normalization transmission effectiveness,
(32) virtual income calculation: effectiveness is transmitted according to normalization, virtual income is calculated as follows
ParameterFor error compensation parameter, missed for estimation when compensating estimation dummy gain
Difference, and ε ∈ (0,1)；
(40) weight updates step specifically:
Every group is met interval time and the update method of duration pair of meeting is,
Wherein,For the pace of learning control parameter for control algolithm pace of learning, and i-th meet after phase
It meets interval time and duration weight summation of meeting is updated to,
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