CN107147476A - D2D communication contention awares are corrected mistakes Cross-layer adaptive system and data transmission method - Google Patents

D2D communication contention awares are corrected mistakes Cross-layer adaptive system and data transmission method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107147476A
CN107147476A CN201710515794.9A CN201710515794A CN107147476A CN 107147476 A CN107147476 A CN 107147476A CN 201710515794 A CN201710515794 A CN 201710515794A CN 107147476 A CN107147476 A CN 107147476A
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packet
channel
mrow
nodes
node
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郭爱煌
于升升
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Tongji University
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Tongji University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0002—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
    • H04L1/0003—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate by switching between different modulation schemes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
    • H04L25/022—Channel estimation of frequency response
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

Corrected mistakes Cross-layer adaptive system and data transmission method the present invention relates to a kind of D2D communication contention awares, D2D communication contention awares Cross-layer adaptive system of correcting mistakes recovers the packet damaged in collision on the premise of a collision message has been transmitted through once, including D2D sending nodes and D2D receiving nodes, wherein, the D2D sending nodes select corresponding modulation system according to channel condition, while the modulation system is transferred into the D2D receiving nodes；The D2D receiving nodes include physical layer and MAC layer, and the physical layer includes receiving bag cache module, channel estimation conflict and corrected mistakes decision-making module and adaptive demodulation decoder module, and the MAC layer includes MAC and retransmits history module and preceding packet chooser.Compared with prior art, the present invention can improve reliability of the D2D security messages in transmitting procedure, and the probability of success of packet transmission is improved on the premise of number of retransmissions is reduced, and reduce Packet Error Ratio.

Description

D2D communication contention awares are corrected mistakes Cross-layer adaptive system and data transmission method
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology field is belonged to, be related to a kind of conflict for realizing highly reliable D2D communication correct mistakes across Layer self-adapting designing technique, corrects mistakes Cross-layer adaptive system and data transmission method more particularly, to a kind of D2D communication contention awares.
Background technology
The key technology that D2D communications communicate as 5G, compensate for DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communication, DSRC) in limited transmission distance, the low defect of security message reliability.In DSRC, vehicle has master The application of safety is moved, the application of these active safeties needs the heartbeat message of periodic broadcast vehicle.The heartbeat message of vehicle is carried Very important information, the security message and emergency message of such as position, direction, speed and vehicle, such as air bag are supplied Deployment, accident report etc., so as to ensure that timely reflection of the driver to emergency in startup procedure.The D2D communication technologys As DSRC one kind extension, while also there is the transmission of security message.The transmitting of security message, it is ensured that vehicle active safety The validity of application, so in D2D communications, the reliability transmission of security message is very important.
The technology on raising D2D communication security message reliabilities, most of to study both for retransmission protocol at present Optimization.Based on the media access control protocol of automotive safety message in car networking, asynchronous fixed number of retransmissions agreement (Asynchronous Fixed Repetition, AFR), synchronous fixed number of retransmissions agreement (Synchronous Fixed Repetition, SFR) and synchronous constant retransmission agreement (Synchronous p-Persistent Repetition, SPR) is all It is the success rate that received data packet is improved by optimizing MAC layer access mechanism.The broadcasting frequency of security message is decided by D2D nodes Density and packet retransmission number.In view of the mobility of D2D nodes, the conflict of packet can largely influence The reliability of communication and the probability for reducing packet Successful transmissions.And D2D number of nodes is more, more than number of retransmissions in the case of weight The problem of optimization of biography agreement can not solve MAC layer data collision.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and provide a kind of D2D communication contention awares change Wrong Cross-layer adaptive system and data transmission method, for D2D security messages, improve D2D security messages in transmitting procedure can By property, the probability of success of packet transmission is improved on the premise of number of retransmissions is reduced, Packet Error Ratio is reduced.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of D2D communication contention awares are corrected mistakes Cross-layer adaptive system, and premise once is had been transmitted through in a collision message Under recover the packet damaged in collision, the system include D2D sending nodes and D2D receiving nodes, wherein, the D2D hair Node is sent to select corresponding modulation system according to channel condition, while the modulation system is transferred into the D2D receiving nodes；
The D2D receiving nodes include physical layer and MAC layer, and the physical layer includes reception bag cache module, channel and estimated Meter conflict is corrected mistakes decision-making module and adaptive demodulation decoder module, and the MAC layer includes MAC and retransmits history module and preceding packet Selector.
Channel estimation module of the channel condition in the physical layer is obtained, or according to channel under TDD modes Reciprocity is obtained.
A kind of data transmission method for Cross-layer adaptive system of being corrected mistakes based on described D2D communication contention awares, including following step Suddenly：
1) D2D sending nodes select corresponding modulation system according to channel condition, send packet；
2) D2D receiving nodes are pre-processed to the packet, and deposit receives bag cache module；
3) channel estimation conflict correct mistakes decision-making module by preceding packet chooser obtain MAC retransmit history module re-transmission Historical data, directly carries out channel equalization according to the re-transmission historical data or performs after conflict is corrected mistakes that to carry out channel again equal Weighing apparatus processing；
4) D2D receiving nodes are according to step 1) in modulation system to through step 3) processing after packet finally located Reason.
Channel estimation module of the channel condition in the physical layer is obtained, or according to channel under TDD modes Reciprocity is obtained.
The step 2) in pretreatment include cyclic prefix remove, go here and there and convert and FFT.
The step 3) be specially：
When the re-transmission historical data that history module is retransmitted according to MAC judges that there is currently conflict threatens, then conflict is performed Channel equalization is carried out after correcting mistakes again, otherwise, channel equalization is directly carried out.
The channel equalization includes channel estimation and channel equalization.
It is to recover the packet damaged in collision that the conflict, which is corrected mistakes, for D2D nodes A, B, C, specific extensive Formula is again：
X2=(Y-X1H1)/H2
In formula, H1、H2Represent that the complex frequency of D2D nodes A to node B and node C to node B channel is responded respectively, Y is The packet that D2D Node-B receivers are arrived, X1Represent the packet that D2D nodes A is sent, X2The packet that D2D nodes C is sent is represented, To need the packet recovered, x in conflictceFor pilot frequency sequence,The complex frequency of the channel of respectively node B pilot tone estimation Response,The respectively complex frequency response of the channel of node A and node C pilot tone estimation,Respectively join Close the complex frequency response of the channel that pilot tone is estimated between node B and node A and association node B and node C.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
1st, the present invention uses cross layer design technology, across PHY layer and MAC layer, adds and is handed between the interaction of agreement interlayer and node Mutually, it is possible to reduce MAC layer number of retransmissions inscribes the success rate of high packet transmission, and solving conventional mac layer protocol optimization can not solve Certainly the problem of.
2nd, the present invention can have under conditions of high number of retransmissions and bad channel quality improves D2D communication security message counts According to packet success rate, the advantage of reduction bit error rate (bit error rate, BER), it is possible to achieve highly reliable D2D communications.
3rd, when signal to noise ratio (Signal Noise Ratio, SNR) than it is relatively low when, by Adaptive Modulation, reduce system Bit error rate, improve system reliability and channel frequency spectrum resource
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that D2D of the present invention communicates across PHY layer and MAC layer Adaptable System；
Fig. 2 is D2D security messages conflict model of place；
Fig. 3 is a kind of model of place of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the exemplary relationship figure of three D2D application scenarios.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.The present embodiment is with technical solution of the present invention Premised on implemented, give detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to Following embodiments.
D2D communication contention awares in present invention Cross-layer adaptive system of correcting mistakes is can to select phase according to different channel condition The modulation system answered, and when D2D security message is being clashed, one can be had been transmitted through in a collision message The packet damaged in collision is recovered on the premise of secondary.
The system includes D2D sending nodes 1 and D2D receiving nodes 2, and D2D sending nodes use OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, orthogonal frequency division multiplexi) system adaptive modulation technology, i.e. OFDM Each subcarrier use adaptive modulation technique.D2D sending nodes obtain the channel parameter of each subcarrier first, by connecing Receiving end carries out channel estimation, and is sent to transmitting terminal by feedback channel, or under TDD mode, according to the reciprocity of channel Property obtains channel parameter.Then, D2D receiving nodes determine the modulation system of each subcarrier, D2D hairs according to certain algorithm Node is sent to carry out IFFT, parallel-serial conversion and addition cyclic prefix again.The modulation system of each subcarrier also serves as information transmission simultaneously Give D2D receiving nodes.
In the Cross-layer adaptive system that the present invention is designed, D2D receiving nodes 2 are in traditional physical layer 202 and MAC layer 201 Corresponding module is both increased, its physical layer 202 includes receiving bag cache module (CRH) 221, channel estimation conflict and corrected mistakes decision-making Module (Channel Estimator Collision Correction Decision, CE/CC decision-making module) 222 and adaptive Demodulating and decoding module is answered, adaptive demodulation decoder module includes adaptive demodulation unit 223 and adaptive decoding unit 224, institute State MAC layer 201 and retransmit history module (MRH) 211 and preceding packet chooser (PPS) 212 including MAC.
1st, modulation system is chosen
Table 1 is provided to be carried out adaptively according to Hughes-Hartogs algorithms (Hughes-Hartogs Algorithm, HHA) The example of algorithm changeover threshold value during modulation, the example sub-carriers are modulated based on MQAM technologies.Fig. 2 show adaptive H HA The algorithm flow chart of Adaptive Modulation.In the flow chart, using OFDM symbol as the input value of receiving terminal, and OFDM symbol is allowed Transmitted in awgn channel, the channel estimation module of receiving terminal is by calculating SNR instantaneous value, according to adaptive shown in table 1 Switching threshold is modulated, corresponding Adaptive Modulation is carried out.
Table 1
2nd, data transfer
Above-mentioned D2D communication contention awares Cross-layer adaptive system of correcting mistakes comprises the following steps in application process：
Step 1：D2D receiving nodes carry out channel estimation, and channel parameter is sent into D2D transmission sections by feedback channel Point.
Step 2：D2D sending nodes obtain the channel parameter of each subcarrier, and carry out OFDM Adaptive Modulations.
Step 3：D2D sending nodes send packet, and are transmitted in the channel.
Step 4：Packet removes CP in D2D receiving nodes, goes here and there and convert, and carries out FFT.
FFT module is by the receive information X of time domain in D2D receiving nodesn,kChange the information Y of frequency domainn,k,
Yn,k=Hn,k·Xn,k+Wn,k
In formula, 0≤n≤Ns, NsFor physical layer OFDM symbol, k represents k-th of subcarrier, Hn,kFor the complex frequency of channel Response, Wn,kFor n-th of OFDM symbol, the additive white Gaussian noise of k-th of subcarrier.
Step 5：In data deposit CRH after progress FFT, for providing deposit when carrying out security message and correcting mistakes Data.
Step 6：With the help of MAC retransmits history, PPS modules, CE/CC decision-making modules directly carry out channel equalization Or perform conflict correct mistakes after carry out channel equalization again.
Channel equalization includes channel estimation and channel equalization.
Channel estimation estimates that training symbol is modulated using BPSK using pilot tone, and the first two OFDM receives symbol and used respectively One pilot frequency sequence xce, the process of channel estimation is：
In formula, Y1,Y2The first two OFDM is represented respectively and receives symbol, it is assumed that constant channel when channel is, i.e.,
Channel equalization module is according to the information Y receivedn,kObtained with channel estimationCalculateI.e.
Conflict is corrected mistakes, and is the core of Adaptable System model.Deserve packet and occur data punching in the MAC layer of D2D nodes When prominent, CE/CC decision-making modules do the decision-making that entry/exit conflicts are corrected mistakes, and the conflict for carrying out packet using algorithm is corrected mistakes.
Assuming that the packet that D2D nodes are received is Y, the packet received respectively from two sending nodes is Y1And Y2, Because D2D sending nodes send packet simultaneously, packet is caused to be clashed in the MAC layer of D2D receiving nodes.
In formula, X1,X2The packet that D2D sending nodes are sent, H are represented respectively1、H2Two D2D sending nodes are represented respectively To the complex frequency response of the channel of receiving node.It is assumed that X2To need the packet recovered, X in conflict1、H1In D2D CRH in receiving node has corresponding storage information.
When ignoring the influence of white Gaussian noise, above formula can be reduced to：
From above formula, to recover X2, then need to calculate H2：
In formula, xceFor pilot frequency sequence,The respectively complex frequency response of the channel of the pilot tone estimation of receiving node,The complex frequency response of the channel of the pilot tone estimation of respectively two sending nodes,Respectively joint is received The complex frequency response for the channel that pilot tone is estimated between node and a sending node and joint receiving node and another sending node.
So, when needing to recover X2When,
In formula, Y is the packet that D2D receiving nodes are received, X1,H1For in D2D receiving nodes CRH modules store it is upper The information at individual moment, andTherefore conflict can be carried out to the packet of conflict by pilot frequency information can be calculated and corrected mistakes.
Step 7：The modulation intelligence that D2D receiving nodes are sent according to D2D sending nodes, carry out adaptive demodulation, decoding, The inspection of MAC layer CRC schools, decoding etc..
3rd, apply
As shown in figure 3, being a kind of model of place of the present invention, D2D nodes A gives D2D sections in a upper time slot in figure Point B transmits a packet, in next time slot, it is assumed that D2D node A and C sends packet to B simultaneously, now packet Send and collide, B receives the packet after A and C conflicts.Specific actual conditions are related to three kinds of different scenes, and Fig. 4 is shown The exemplary plot of three application scenarios, the exemplary plot clear relation and D2D node Ms AC that indicate three application scenarios Layer and PHY layer carry out the mechanism that standard channel estimation channel equalization and conflict are corrected mistakes.
Scene 1：One time slot, one transmission, Lothrus apterus occurs
Step (1), D2D nodes A sends packet by wireless medium and gives node B.
Step (2), D2D nodes B physical layer is found to the packet come and checks MRH.If do not threatened or again Information is passed in MRH, using the channel estimation of OFDM physical layer standards, scene 2 is otherwise seen.
Step (3), D2D Node-B physical layers receive the packet sent from node A, and packet is stored in CRP.
Step (4), D2D nodes B MAC layer receives the packet of physical layer and checks data packet head, because not having in MRH Record, therefore find to threaten without potentially conflict.Since this moment, D2D nodes A sends the packet at k moment always, therefore saves The information of point B record kth time slots is in MRH.
Scene 2：There is the information of time slot in the past, there is conflict
Step (1), D2D node A and C sends packet simultaneously.
Step (2), D2D nodes B physical layer is found to the packet come and checks MRH, finds there are node A hairs in MRH The packet sent, therefore it is found that a conflict threat.Node B provides MRH information using PPS, and CE/CC decision-making modules, which are made, uses thing The conflict of reason layer is corrected mistakes mechanisms decision.
Step (3), D2D Node-B physical layers receive the packet sent from node A, and packet is stored in CRP.
Step (4), D2D nodes B MAC layer receives physical layer by recovering the packet after being corrected mistakes and checking data Packet header, to improve MAC layer adaptive prediction and controlling the data packet collisions in future to lay the first stone.
Scene 3：Without past gap information, there is conflict
Step is with the basic step of scene 1, and the storage now without cross-layer information, the Cross-layer adaptive structure can not play It is acted on.
As shown in Fig. 3 models of place, it is assumed that the packet that D2D Node-B receivers are arrived is Y, is connect respectively from node A and node C The packet received is Y1And Y2, because D2D node A and C sends packet simultaneously, packet is caused in D2D nodes B MAC layer Clash.
Influence in formula for consideration noise to signal, X1Represent the packet that D2D nodes A is sent, X2Represent D2D nodes C hairs The packet sent, it is assumed that X2To need the packet recovered, X in conflict1、H1The CRH in D2D nodes B has accordingly Storage information.
From formula (1), to recover X2, then need to calculate H2。
So, when needing to recover X2When,
From formula (3), Y is the packet that D2D Node-B receivers are arrived, X1、H1For in D2D nodes B CRH modules store it is upper The information at individual moment, andBy pilot frequency information can be calculated Lai here it is with reference to the D2D communication securities of embodiment The algorithm principle that message collision is corrected mistakes.
The invention provides the Cross-layer adaptive structure based on D2D security messages, with very big creativeness, to improve The reliability of D2D communication security message provides invention and originated, the system for providing an innovation for following highly reliable 5G communications Structure.The present invention has the invention value and industrialization value of height.
Above-described embodiment is merely to illustrate the principle and its effect of the present invention, not for the limitation present invention.It is any to be familiar with The personnel of this technology can all be extended or change under the spirit and scope without prejudice to the present invention to above-described embodiment.Cause This, all those of ordinary skill in the art are under conditions of without departing from disclosed spirit and technological thought All equivalent modifications completed or change, should be covered by the claim of the present invention.

Claims (8)

  1. The Cross-layer adaptive system 1. a kind of D2D communication contention awares are corrected mistakes, it is characterised in that have been transmitted through one in a collision message The packet damaged in collision is recovered on the premise of secondary, the system includes D2D sending nodes and D2D receiving nodes, wherein, The D2D sending nodes select corresponding modulation system according to channel condition, are received while the modulation system is transferred into the D2D Node；
    The D2D receiving nodes include physical layer and MAC layer, and the physical layer includes receiving bag cache module, channel estimation punching Prominent correct mistakes decision-making module and adaptive demodulation decoder module, the MAC layer include MAC and retransmit history module and the selection of preceding packet Device.
  2. The Cross-layer adaptive system 2. D2D communication contention awares according to claim 1 are corrected mistakes, it is characterised in that the channel bar Channel estimation module of the part in the physical layer is obtained, or is obtained under TDD modes according to channel reciprocity.
  3. The data transmission method of Cross-layer adaptive system 3. a kind of D2D communication contention awares based on described in claim 1 are corrected mistakes, it is special Levy and be, comprise the following steps：
    1) D2D sending nodes select corresponding modulation system according to channel condition, send packet；
    2) D2D receiving nodes are pre-processed to the packet, and deposit receives bag cache module；
    3) channel estimation conflict correct mistakes decision-making module by preceding packet chooser obtain MAC retransmit history module re-transmission history Data, directly carry out channel equalization or perform after conflict is corrected mistakes to carry out at channel equalization again according to the re-transmission historical data Reason；
    4) D2D receiving nodes are according to step 1) in modulation system to through step 3) processing after packet carry out final process.
  4. 4. data transmission method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the channel condition is in the physical layer Channel estimation module is obtained, or is obtained under TDD modes according to channel reciprocity.
  5. 5. data transmission method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the step 2) in pretreatment include circulation Prefix removes, goes here and there and convert and FFT.
  6. 6. data transmission method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the step 3) be specially：
    When the re-transmission historical data that history module is retransmitted according to MAC judges that there is currently conflict threatens, then perform conflict and correct mistakes Carry out channel equalization again afterwards, otherwise, directly carry out channel equalization.
  7. 7. the data transmission method according to claim 3 or 6, it is characterised in that the channel equalization includes channel Estimation and channel equalization.
  8. 8. data transmission method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that it is to recover in collision that the conflict, which is corrected mistakes, The packet of damage, for D2D nodes A, B, C, the specific formula that recovers is：
    X2=(Y-X1H1)/H2
    <mrow> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>&amp;cong;</mo> <mover> <mi>H</mi> <mo>&amp;OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msub> <mover> <mi>H</mi> <mo>&amp;OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mrow> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mover> <mi>H</mi> <mo>&amp;OverBar;</mo> </mover> <mrow> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>(</mo> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>H</mi> <msub> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mi>y</mi> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mi>H</mi> <msub> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mi>y</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> </msubsup> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>/</mo> <mn>2</mn> <msub> <mi>x</mi> <mrow> <mi>c</mi> <mi>e</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow>
    In formula, H1、H2Represent that the complex frequency of D2D nodes A to node B and node C to node B channel is responded respectively, Y saves for D2D The packet that point B is received, X1Represent the packet that D2D nodes A is sent, X2The packet that D2D nodes C is sent is represented, for conflict The middle packet for needing to recover, xceFor pilot frequency sequence,The complex frequency response of the channel of respectively node B pilot tone estimation,The respectively complex frequency response of the channel of node A and node C pilot tone estimation,Respectively joint is saved The complex frequency response for the channel that pilot tone is estimated between point B and node A and association node B and node C.
CN201710515794.9A 2017-06-29 2017-06-29 D2D communication contention awares are corrected mistakes Cross-layer adaptive system and data transmission method Pending CN107147476A (en)

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WILLIAM G.CASSIDY，ET AL: "Cross Layer MAC and PHY Architecture for Collision correction of SDRC Safety Messages", 《2012 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NEW TECHNOLOGIES,MOBILITY AND SECURITY(NTMS)》 *
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Application publication date: 20170908