CN107147381B - Electric machine controller based on analog-to-digital conversion current foldback circuit - Google Patents
Electric machine controller based on analog-to-digital conversion current foldback circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN107147381B CN107147381B CN201710429022.3A CN201710429022A CN107147381B CN 107147381 B CN107147381 B CN 107147381B CN 201710429022 A CN201710429022 A CN 201710429022A CN 107147381 B CN107147381 B CN 107147381B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/08—Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/567—Circuits characterised by the use of more than one type of semiconductor device, e.g. BIMOS, composite devices such as IGBT
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- Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Based on the electric machine controller of analog-to-digital conversion current foldback circuit, belong to electronic circuit technology.Voltage sample module samples motor working current; timer in overcurrent protection module exports the first enable signal ena and the second enable signal enb control analog-digital converter ADC in first time node and the second timing node respectively and converts corresponding digital signal for the output voltage V1 of voltage sample module and be respectively stored into the first register and the second register; wherein first time node is powered on moment, and the second timing node is a timing node in power up;Subtracter is under the control of the second enable signal enb with the output signal of the output signal of the first register register that subtracts the second, whether identification motor occurs stall and is input to drive module after the output signal of obtained subtracter passes through logic circuit synthesis, and drive module controls being switched on and off for motor by control electronic relay module.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic circuit technologies, particularly relate to a kind of electricity based on analog-to-digital conversion current foldback circuit
Machine controller.
Background technique
Electronic relay is a kind of electronic control device, is usually applied in automatic control circuit, it be actually with compared with
Small electric current goes one kind " automatic switch " of control larger current, therefore plays automatic adjustment, safeguard protection, conversion electricity in circuit
The effects of road.Currently, the overcurrent protection of motor mainly includes mechanical protection and electronic relay protection.Wherein, mechanical protection is deposited
The shortcomings that low precision, reliability not can guarantee, although and electromagnetic relay has a very high reliability, volume is big, consumption
Material is more, and the price limit by copper, higher cost.Compared with both the above protected mode, not using electronic relay protection
Only there are the advantages such as high reliablity, precision be good, and solve the cost problem that electromagnetic relay is influenced by copper valence, with more
Wide application prospect.And lack the current foldback circuit to electronic relay in the prior art, it is possible to cause to hurt to motor
Evil, therefore, the design for the current foldback circuit of electronic relay is particularly important.
Summary of the invention
It is to be solved by this invention, it is proposed aiming at above-mentioned shortcoming a kind of based on analog-to-digital conversion overcurrent protection electricity
The electric machine controller on road.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
Based on the electric machine controller of analog-to-digital conversion current foldback circuit, including electronic relay module, voltage sample module,
Overcurrent protection module and drive module, the output end of the electronic relay module connect motor, and ground terminal connects the electricity
Press the input terminal of sampling module;The input terminal of the overcurrent protection module connects the output end of the voltage sample module, defeated
Outlet passes through the control terminal of connection electronic relay module after drive module;
The overcurrent protection module include timer, analog-digital converter, the first register, the second register, subtracter and
Logic circuit, input terminal of the input terminal of the analog-digital converter as the overcurrent protection module, output end connection first
The input terminal of register and the second register;The timer generates the first enable signal ena and the second enable signal enb, institute
It states the first enable signal ena and inputs the enable end of the first register and the enable end of analog-digital converter, second enable signal
Enb inputs enable end, the enable end of subtracter and the enable end of analog-digital converter of the second register;The subtrahend of the subtracter
Input terminal connects the output end of the first register, and minuend input terminal connects the output end of the second register;The logic electricity
The input terminal on road connects the output end of the subtracter, output end of the output end as the overcurrent protection module;
The timer exports the first enable signal ena in first time node and controls the analog-digital converter for institute
The output voltage for stating voltage sample module is converted into corresponding digital signal and stores to first register, in the second time
Node exports the output voltage conversion that the second enable signal enb controls the analog-digital converter for the voltage sample module
For corresponding digital signal and stores and arrive second register, wherein the first time node is powered on moment, described the
Two timing nodes are a timing node in power up.
Specifically, the drive module includes the first phase inverter, the second phase inverter, third phase inverter, the 4th phase inverter, the
One PMOS tube PM1, the second PMOS tube PM2, the second NMOS tube NM2, third NMOS tube NM3 and resistance R1,
The input terminal of first phase inverter connects the output end of the overcurrent protection module, the output end connection of the 4th phase inverter
The control terminal of the electronic relay module;
The input terminal of second phase inverter connects the output end of the first phase inverter and the grid of the second NMOS tube NM2, output
The grid of end connection third NMOS tube NM3;
The drain electrode of the second NMOS tube NM2 of drain electrode connection of first PMOS tube PM1 and the grid of the second PMOS tube PM2, grid
Pole connects drain electrode, the drain electrode of third NMOS tube NM3 and the input terminal of third phase inverter of the second PMOS tube PM2, the second NMOS tube
The source electrode of the source electrode of NM2 and third NMOS tube NM3 ground connection, the first PMOS tube PM1 and the second PMOS tube PM2 connect the power supply electricity of motor
Press VIN;
The output end of the input terminal connection third phase inverter of 4th phase inverter, resistance R1 connect the output end in the 4th phase inverter
Between ground.
Specifically, the electronic relay module includes the first NMOS tube NM1, the grid of the first NMOS tube NM1 is as institute
State the control terminal of electronic relay module, the output end to drain as the electronic relay module, described in source electrode conduct
The ground terminal of electronic relay module.
Specifically, the electronic relay module is IGBT power module.
Specifically, the electronic relay module is GTO power module.
Specifically, the voltage sample module includes sampling resistor Rs and operational amplifier OPA, operational amplifier OPA's
Input terminal of the negative input as the voltage sample module, positive input ground connection, output end is as the voltage
The output end of sampling module, sampling resistor Rs connect between the input terminal and ground of the voltage sample module.
Specifically, the voltage sample module is by resistive-capacitive voltage divider module composition under AC applications.
Specifically, the voltage sample module is made of capacitor series connection division module under AC applications.
The operation principle of the present invention is that: the operating current of voltage sample module samples motor, overcurrent protection module identification electricity
Whether machine occurs stall and controls being switched on and off for electronic relay module by drive module;Timer is set at first
Intermediate node exports the first enable signal ena control analog-digital converter ADC and converts the output voltage V1 of voltage sample module to pair
The digital signal answered simultaneously is stored to the first register, is exported the second enable signal enb in the second timing node and is controlled analog-to-digital conversion
Device ADC converts corresponding digital signal for the output voltage V1 of voltage sample module and stores to the second register, wherein the
One timing node is powered on moment, and the second timing node is a timing node in power up;Subtracter is enabled second
Use the output signal of the output signal of the first register register that subtracts the second under the control of signal enb, obtained subtracter it is defeated
Signal is controlled by being input to drive module, drive module after logic circuit synthesis by control electronic relay module out
Motor is switched on and off.
When motor powers on normal starting, the electric current I for flowing through motor generates a very big peak value, and then is slowly reduced to
Current value when normal work.Two electric currents of sampling first time node and the second timing node obtain two sampled voltages,
Timer controls ADC and the voltage that sampling obtains is converted to digital signal, and then stores into register.In first time node
That is powered on moment, timer export the first enable signal ena control analog-digital converter ADC for the output voltage of voltage sample module
V1 is converted into corresponding digital signal, and is stored in the first register;When one in the second timing node, that is, power up
Intermediate node, timer export the second enable signal enb control analog-digital converter ADC and turn the output voltage V1 of voltage sample module
Corresponding digital signal is turned to, and is stored in the second register.The obtained digital signal of the second timing node of setting is less than the
The digital signal that one timing node obtains, after the data of the second timing node are stored in the second register, the second of timer makes
Energy signal enb control subtracter is started to work, segmentum intercalaris when subtracting second with the digital signal of first time node by subtracter
The digital signal of point obtains a digital signal output, and the digital signal of subtracter output at this time is a positive number, by logic
Output voltage V2 after circuit Logic is comprehensive does not overturn and is always low level until re-powering;V2 is the defeated of drive module
Enter signal, the output end V3 that drive module is reached after drive module is high level, opens electronic relay, motor normally rises
It is dynamic.
After motor normal starting, when in running order, the electric current for flowing through motor is I, voltage sample module samples electricity
Stream I obtains a voltage V1;Timer enables control model converter ADC, the first register, the second register, subtracter and protects
State when powering on proceed-to-send is held, output V2 is low level after logic circuit Logic is comprehensive;V2 is low level, is passed through
Output signal V3 after drive module is high level, opens electronic relay, and motor runs well.
When stall overcurrent occurs for motor, the electric current I for flowing through motor is in a larger peak value always, and peak point current is at any time
Between originally have and slightly decrease and then remain unchanged.Sampling first time node and the second timing node electric current obtain two samplings
Voltage, timer controls analog-digital converter ADC and the voltage that sampling obtains is converted to digital signal, and then stores and arrive register
In.In first time node, that is, powered on moment, timer exports the first enable signal ena control ADC for voltage sample module
Output voltage V1 is converted into corresponding digital signal, and is stored in the first register;In the second timing node, that is, power up
A timing node, timer exports the second enable signal enb control analog-digital converter ADC for the output of voltage sample module
Voltage V1 is converted into corresponding digital signal, and is stored in the second register.The number letter that second timing node of setting obtains
Number it is less than the obtained digital signal of first time node, after the data of the second timing node are stored in the second register, timer
Second make to can control signal enb and enable subtracter and start to work, subtracted by the subtracter digital signal of first time node
The digital signal of the second timing node is gone to obtain a digital signal output, due to the second timing node of powered on moment and setting
It is approximately equal with the digital signal converted by analog-digital converter ADC that output voltage V1 is obtained by voltage sample module,
Therefore the digital signal of subtracter output is approximately 0, output V2 is high electricity by low level overturning after logic circuit Logic is comprehensive
It puts down and remains high level;V2 is the input of drive module, and output signal V3 is low level, shutdown electricity after drive module
Electric relay, to turn off motor.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: a kind of electric machine controller based on analog-to-digital conversion current foldback circuit is provided, it can
High current caused by when motor powers on and when stall overcurrent is accurately and effectively distinguished, in voltage sample module samples to big voltage
When, whether overcurrent protection module identification motor occurs stall, once stall occurs for confirmation motor, electronic relay is turned off in time,
And then motor is turned off, protect chip and motor.
Detailed description of the invention
It is the structural representation of the electric machine controller provided by the invention based on analog-to-digital conversion current foldback circuit shown in Fig. 1
Figure;
Fig. 2 is motor working current and sampling module output voltage V1 and overcurrent protection mould in power up in embodiment
The relational graph of each signal in block;
Fig. 3 is motor rotation blockage electric current and sampling module output voltage V1 and overcurrent protection mould during stall in embodiment
The relational graph of each signal in block;
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of drive module in embodiment.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, the technical schemes of the invention are described in detail:
It is as shown in Figure 1 the structural representation of the electric machine controller provided by the invention based on analog-to-digital conversion current foldback circuit
Figure, including voltage sample module, overcurrent protection module, drive module, electronic relay module;The output of electronic relay module
End connection motor, ground terminal connect the input terminal of voltage sample module;The input terminal of overcurrent protection module connects voltage sample
The output end of module, output end pass through the control terminal of connection electronic relay module after drive module;Wherein, voltage sample mould
The operating current of block sample motor, overcurrent protection module turn off motor when overcurrent occurs for motor, drive module control electronics after
Electric appliance is opened and shut off.
Overcurrent protection module includes timer, analog-digital converter, the first register, the second register, subtracter and logic
Circuit, input terminal of the input terminal of analog-digital converter as overcurrent protection module, output end connect the first register and second
The input terminal of register;Timer generates the first enable signal ena and the second enable signal enb, the first enable signal ena input
The enable end of first register and the enable end of analog-digital converter, the enable end of the second enable signal enb the second register of input,
The enable end of subtracter and the enable end of analog-digital converter;The subtracting input of subtracter connects the output end of the first register,
Its minuend input terminal connects the output end of the second register;The output end of the input terminal connection subtracter of logic circuit, it is defeated
Output end of the outlet as overcurrent protection module.
Embodiment:
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Shown in voltage sample module as shown in figure 1, the voltage sample module in the present embodiment includes sampling resistor Rs and fortune
Amplifier OPA, input terminal of the negative input of operational amplifier OPA as voltage sample module are calculated, positive input connects
Ground, output end of the output end as voltage sample module, sampling resistor Rs connect the voltage sample module input terminal and
Between ground.
Under AC applications, voltage sample module can also be made of resistive-capacitive voltage divider module or capacitor series connection division module.
As shown in figure 4, drive module in the present embodiment includes the first phase inverter, the second phase inverter, third phase inverter, the
Four phase inverters, the first PMOS tube PM1, the second PMOS tube PM2, the second NMOS tube NM2, third NMOS tube NM3 and resistance R1, first
The output end of the input terminal connection overcurrent protection module of phase inverter, the output end connection electronic relay module of the 4th phase inverter
Control terminal;The input terminal of second phase inverter connects the output end of the first phase inverter and the grid of the second NMOS tube NM2, output end
Connect the grid of third NMOS tube NM3;The drain electrode of the second NMOS tube NM2 of drain electrode connection of first PMOS tube PM1 and the 2nd PMOS
The grid of pipe PM2, grid connect the defeated of the drain electrode of the second PMOS tube PM2, the drain electrode of third NMOS tube NM3 and third phase inverter
Enter end, the source electrode ground connection of the second NMOS tube NM2 and third NMOS tube NM3, the source of the first PMOS tube PM1 and the second PMOS tube PM2
Pole meets the supply voltage VIN of motor;The output end of the input terminal connection third phase inverter of 4th phase inverter, resistance R1 connect the 4th
Between the output end and ground of phase inverter.Wherein the supply voltage VIN of motor is DC voltage, about 12V.
Electronic relay module includes the first NMOS tube NM1 in the present embodiment, and the grid of the first NMOS tube NM1 is as electronics
The control terminal of relay module, the output end to drain as electronic relay module, source electrode is as electronic relay module
Ground terminal.
Electronic relay module can also be IGBT power module or GTO power module.Wherein IGBT power module includes
One IGBT pipe, i.e. insulated gate bipolar transistor, GTO power module include that a GTO is managed, i.e. gate turn off thyristor,
Connection type is identical as the first NMOS tube NM1.
The working principle of the present embodiment are as follows:
When motor powers on normal starting, the electric current I for flowing through motor generates a very big peak value, and then is slowly reduced to
Current value when normal work.Two electric currents of sampling first time node and the second timing node obtain two sampled voltages,
Timer controls ADC and the voltage that sampling obtains is converted to digital signal, and then stores into register.In first time node
That is powered on moment, timer export the first enable signal ena control analog-digital converter ADC for the output voltage of voltage sample module
V1 is converted into corresponding digital signal, and is stored in the first register;When one in the second timing node, that is, power up
Intermediate node, timer export the second enable signal enb control analog-digital converter ADC and turn the output voltage V1 of voltage sample module
Corresponding digital signal is turned to, and is stored in the second register.The obtained digital signal of the second timing node of setting is less than the
The digital signal that one timing node obtains, after the data of the second timing node are stored in the second register, the second of timer makes
Energy signal enb control subtracter is started to work, segmentum intercalaris when subtracting second with the digital signal of first time node by subtracter
The digital signal of point obtains a digital signal output, and the digital signal of subtracter output at this time is a positive number, by logic
Output voltage V2 after circuit Logic is comprehensive does not overturn and is always low level until re-powering, as shown in Figure 2;V2 is to drive
The input signal of dynamic model block, by the first phase inverter, second the second NMOS tube of the inverter controlling NM2, second in drive module
PMOS tube PM2 conducting, the first PMOS tube PM1, third NMOS tube NM3 shutdown, reaches after third phase inverter, the 4th phase inverter
The output end V3 of drive module is high level, opens electronic relay, motor normal starting.
After motor normal starting, when in running order, the electric current for flowing through motor is I, voltage sample module samples electricity
Stream I obtains a voltage V1;Timer enables control model converter ADC, the first register, the second register, subtracter and protects
State when powering on proceed-to-send is held, output V2 is low level after logic circuit Logic is comprehensive;V2 is low level, is passed through
The first phase inverter, second the second NMOS tube of inverter controlling NM2, the second PMOS tube PM2 conducting in drive module, the first PMOS
Pipe PM1, third NMOS tube NM3 shutdown, the output end V3 that drive module is reached after third phase inverter, the 4th phase inverter is height
Level opens electronic relay, motor normal starting.
When stall overcurrent occurs for motor, the electric current I for flowing through motor is in a larger peak value always, and peak point current is at any time
Between originally have and slightly decrease and then remain unchanged.Sampling first time node and the second timing node electric current obtain two samplings
Voltage, timer controls analog-digital converter ADC and the voltage that sampling obtains is converted to digital signal, and then stores and arrive register
In.In first time node, that is, powered on moment, timer exports the first enable signal ena control ADC for voltage sample module
Output voltage V1 is converted into corresponding digital signal, and is stored in the first register;In the second timing node, that is, power up
A timing node, timer exports the second enable signal enb control analog-digital converter ADC for the output of voltage sample module
Voltage V1 is converted into corresponding digital signal, and is stored in the second register.The number letter that second timing node of setting obtains
Number it is less than the obtained digital signal of first time node, after the data of the second timing node are stored in the second register, timer
Second make to can control signal enb and enable subtracter and start to work, subtracted by the subtracter digital signal of first time node
The digital signal of the second timing node is gone to obtain a digital signal output, due to the second timing node of powered on moment and setting
It is approximately equal with the digital signal converted by analog-digital converter ADC that output voltage V1 is obtained by voltage sample module,
Therefore the digital signal of subtracter output is approximately 0, output V2 is high electricity by low level overturning after logic circuit Logic is comprehensive
It puts down and remains high level, as shown in Figure 3;V2 is the input of drive module, by drive module the first phase inverter, the
Two the second NMOS tube of inverter controlling NM2, the second PMOS tube PM2 shutdown, the first PMOS tube PM1, third NMOS tube NM3 conducting,
The output end V3 that drive module is reached after third phase inverter, the 4th phase inverter is low level, turns off electronic relay, thus
Turn off motor.
Claims (8)
1. based on the electric machine controller of analog-to-digital conversion current foldback circuit, including electronic relay module, voltage sample module, mistake
Protective module and drive module are flowed, the output end of the electronic relay module connects motor, and ground terminal connects the voltage
The input terminal of sampling module;The input terminal of the overcurrent protection module connects the output end of the voltage sample module, output
The control terminal that end passes through connection electronic relay module after drive module;
It is characterized in that, the overcurrent protection module includes timer, analog-digital converter, the first register, the second register, subtracts
Musical instruments used in a Buddhist or Taoist mass and logic circuit, input terminal of the input terminal of the analog-digital converter as the overcurrent protection module, output end connect
Connect the input terminal of the first register and the second register;The timer generates the first enable signal (ena) and the second enabled letter
Number (enb), first enable signal (ena) inputs the enable end of the first register and the enable end of analog-digital converter, described
Second enable signal (enb) inputs enable end, the enable end of subtracter and the enable end of analog-digital converter of the second register;Institute
The subtracting input for stating subtracter connects the output end of the first register, and minuend input terminal connects the output of the second register
End;The input terminal of the logic circuit connects the output end of the subtracter, and output end is as the overcurrent protection module
Output end;
The timer exports the first enable signal (ena) control analog-digital converter in first time node will be described
The output voltage of voltage sample module is converted into corresponding digital signal and stores to first register, the segmentum intercalaris at second
Point exports the output voltage conversion that second enable signal (enb) controls the analog-digital converter for the voltage sample module
For corresponding digital signal and stores and arrive second register, wherein the first time node is powered on moment, described the
Two timing nodes are a timing node in power up.
2. the electric machine controller according to claim 1 based on analog-to-digital conversion current foldback circuit, which is characterized in that described
Drive module includes the first phase inverter, the second phase inverter, third phase inverter, the 4th phase inverter, the first PMOS tube (PM1), second
PMOS tube (PM2), the second NMOS tube (NM2), third NMOS tube (NM3) and resistance (R1),
The input terminal of first phase inverter connects the output end of the overcurrent protection module, described in the output end connection of the 4th phase inverter
The control terminal of electronic relay module;
The input terminal of second phase inverter connects the output end of the first phase inverter and the grid of the second NMOS tube (NM2), output end
Connect the grid of third NMOS tube (NM3);
The drain electrode of the drain electrode connection the second NMOS tube (NM2) of first PMOS tube (PM1) and the grid of the second PMOS tube (PM2),
Drain electrode, the drain electrode of third NMOS tube (NM3) and the input terminal of third phase inverter of grid connection the second PMOS tube (PM2), second
The source electrode of NMOS tube (NM2) and third NMOS tube (NM3) ground connection, the source electrode of the first PMOS tube (PM1) and the second PMOS tube (PM2)
Connect the supply voltage (VIN) of motor;
4th phase inverter input terminal connection third phase inverter output end, resistance (R1) connect the 4th phase inverter output end and
Between ground.
3. the electric machine controller according to claim 1 based on analog-to-digital conversion current foldback circuit, which is characterized in that described
Electronic relay module includes the first NMOS tube (NM1), and the grid of the first NMOS tube (NM1) is as the electronic relay module
Control terminal, drain output end as the electronic relay module, and source electrode is as the electronic relay module
Ground terminal.
4. the electric machine controller according to claim 1 based on analog-to-digital conversion current foldback circuit, which is characterized in that described
Electronic relay module is IGBT power module.
5. the electric machine controller according to claim 1 based on analog-to-digital conversion current foldback circuit, which is characterized in that described
Electronic relay module is GTO power module.
6. the electric machine controller according to claim 1 based on analog-to-digital conversion current foldback circuit, which is characterized in that described
Voltage sample module includes sampling resistor (Rs) and operational amplifier (OPA), the negative input conduct of operational amplifier (OPA)
The input terminal of the voltage sample module, positive input ground connection, output of the output end as the voltage sample module
End, sampling resistor (Rs) connect between the input terminal and ground of the voltage sample module.
7. the electric machine controller according to claim 1 based on analog-to-digital conversion current foldback circuit, which is characterized in that handing over
Under stream application, the voltage sample module is by resistive-capacitive voltage divider module composition.
8. the electric machine controller according to claim 1 based on analog-to-digital conversion current foldback circuit, which is characterized in that handing over
Under stream application, the voltage sample module is made of capacitor series connection division module.
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CN108092235B (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2024-04-26 | 南安九牧智能晾晒科技有限公司 | Pure hardware protection device and method for motor overcurrent or stalling and application thereof |
CN109286395B (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2022-02-15 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十八研究所 | Gate drive circuit overcurrent protection system |
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CN107147381A (en) | 2017-09-08 |
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