CN107146407B - Continuous traffic flow statistics method with privacy protection - Google Patents
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- CN107146407B CN107146407B CN201710391935.0A CN201710391935A CN107146407B CN 107146407 B CN107146407 B CN 107146407B CN 201710391935 A CN201710391935 A CN 201710391935A CN 107146407 B CN107146407 B CN 107146407B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0108—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data
- G08G1/0116—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions based on the source of data from roadside infrastructure, e.g. beacons
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
- G08G1/0104—Measuring and analyzing of parameters relative to traffic conditions
- G08G1/0125—Traffic data processing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/065—Traffic control systems for road vehicles by counting the vehicles in a section of the road or in a parking area, i.e. comparing incoming count with outgoing count
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Abstract
The invention relates to a continuous traffic flow statistics method with privacy protection, which comprises the following steps: the electronic tag of the vehicle sends a random number to a reader at the intersection; the reader obtains a bitmap file according to the random number and sends the bitmap file to the server; and the server performs offline decoding according to the bitmap file, and counts the continuous traffic flow. The invention can more accurately count the continuous traffic flow at the same intersection or point-to-point, and is beneficial to traffic guiding, public traffic resource allocation and road planning. Meanwhile, the privacy of the vehicle can be protected, and the safety of a vehicle user is maintained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a traffic flow statistics method, in particular to a traffic flow statistics method with privacy protection by using a network.
Background
Traffic flow statistics refers to counting the number of vehicles passing through a certain intersection or through multiple intersections simultaneously over a selected period of time. Traffic congestion conditions, congestion causes and the like can be deduced from the counted traffic flow sizes, so that the traffic management measures can be decided to be taken to dredge traffic, allocate public traffic resources, road planning and the like. Therefore, traffic flow statistics occupy very important positions in a traffic network, and are the basis for realizing intelligent traffic and making efficient traffic decisions.
With the increasing maturity and development of network technology, part of research is conducted to communicate with vehicles through readers placed at intersections, so as to count the number of vehicles passing through the intersections. However, there are a number of disadvantages to the current research. For example, conventional traffic flow statistics studies are mostly to statically count the number of vehicles passing through a single intersection in a certain period of time, and not count the magnitude of the traffic flow passing through a plurality of intersections at the same time, i.e., the point-to-point traffic flow. In fact, point-to-point traffic flow is more significant for road traffic research planning than single-point traffic flow. With the point-to-point traffic statistics, we can not only know which road segments are congested in which time periods, but also analyze the sources of these traffic flows and the reasons for congestion. Secondly, the existing traffic flow statistics research mostly does not consider privacy protection of vehicles, so that the traffic flow statistics research is difficult to be applied and popularized in practice. Only a few studies consider privacy of vehicles and point-to-point traffic statistics. However, in traffic planning, not only is traffic flow information of vehicles within a single time slice required, but also it is necessary to know the continuous traffic flow at the same intersection or point-to-point, i.e. how many vehicles have passed through multiple time slices of one or more intersections at the same time. However, no mechanism is available to achieve this on the basis of protecting vehicle privacy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the actual traffic flow statistics, the invention aims to design a continuous traffic flow statistical method, and based on protecting the privacy of vehicles, the continuous traffic flow of a single intersection or a plurality of intersections is estimated.
Specifically, the invention discloses a continuous traffic flow statistics method with privacy protection, which comprises the following steps:
step one, an electronic tag of a vehicle sends a random number to a reader at an intersection;
step two, the reader obtains a bitmap file according to the random number and sends the bitmap file to a server;
and thirdly, the server performs offline decoding according to the bitmap file, and counts the continuous traffic flow.
Preferably, the continuous traffic flow statistics method with privacy protection as described above, the first step specifically includes the following steps:
(1) When the vehicle passes through the intersection, the electronic tag interacts with a reader of the intersection to obtain the number L of the intersection;
(2) The electronic tag calculates and obtains a random number h v ：
(3) The electronic tag uses the random number h v To the reader.
Preferably, in the continuous traffic flow statistical method with privacy protection as described above, the random numbers in the random number arrays C of different vehicles are different, and the same vehicle transmits the random number h through different roads v Different.
Preferably, the continuous traffic flow statistical method with privacy protection as described above, the second step specifically includes the following steps:
the reader is based on each random number h v Set B [ h ] v ]=1, when the measurement period ends, the bitmap file B is obtained and sent to the server.
Preferably, the continuous traffic flow statistical method with privacy protection as described above, wherein the third step is specifically single-road traffic flow statistics, and includes the following steps:
(1) The server obtains bitmap files of t measurement periods;
(2) Dividing t bit image file into two parts, respectively obtaining two new bit image files according to bit and respectively E 1 and E2 ；
(3) According to E 1 and E2 Calculated to get the simultaneous quilt E 1 and E2 Number of vehicles n recorded in all bitmap files 1 and n2 ；
(4)E 1 and E2 Bit-wise AND to obtain E * ；
(5) According to E 1 、E 2 、n 1 、n 2 、E * Calculating an estimated continuous vehicle flow
Preferably, the belt is hidden as described aboveContinuous traffic flow statistical method for privacy protection, wherein n is as follows 1 and n2 The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
wherein ,
is E 1 The proportion of the number of bits equal to 0, < >>
Is E 2 The proportion of the number of bits equal to 0, m is the number of bits of the bitmap file B of the intersection.
Preferably, the continuous traffic flow statistical method with privacy protection as described above comprises the following steps of
The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
wherein ,
is E 1 The proportion of the number of bits equal to 0, < >>
Is E 2 The proportion of the number of bits equal to 0, < >>
Is E * The proportion of the number of bits equal to 1, m is the number of bits of the bitmap file B of the intersection.
Preferably, the continuous traffic flow statistical method with privacy protection as described above, wherein the third step is specifically point-to-point traffic flow statistics, and includes the following steps:
(1) Respectively summing t bit image files of two intersections according to the bit to obtain a new bitmap file E * and E′* ；
(2) Calculating continuous vehicle flow n and n' respectively passing through two intersections;
(3) Will E * and E′* And (2) obtaining E' by bit-wise AND * ；
(4) Estimating the traffic flow of t measurement periods passing through two intersections simultaneously
Preferably, the continuous traffic flow statistical method with privacy protection as described above, the calculating method of n and n' is as follows:
wherein ,V*，0 Is E * The proportion of the number of bits of 0, V' *，0 Is E' * The number of bits of which is 0, and m is the number of bits of the bitmap file B of the intersection.
Preferably, the continuous traffic flow statistical method with privacy protection as described above, wherein
The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
wherein ,V*，0 Is E * The proportion of the number of bits of 0, V' *，0 Is E' * The proportion of the number of bits of 0, m is the number of bits of the bitmap file B of the intersection, V *，0 Is E' * The ratio of the number of bits of 0, s is the length of the random array C of the vehicle.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention can more accurately count the continuous traffic flow at the same intersection or point-to-point, and is beneficial to traffic guiding, public traffic resource allocation and road planning. Meanwhile, the privacy of the vehicle can be protected, and the safety of a vehicle user is maintained.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the continuous traffic flow statistics method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an on-line encoding flow diagram at the vehicle end.
Fig. 3 is an online coding flow diagram at the reader side.
Fig. 4 is a single port continuous traffic flow statistical flow chart.
Fig. 5 is a point-to-point continuous traffic flow statistical flow chart.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for continuous traffic flow statistics with privacy protection according to the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, an electronic tag of a vehicle sends a random number to a reader at an intersection;
s2, the reader obtains a bitmap file according to the random number and sends the bitmap file to a server;
and S3, the server performs offline decoding according to the bitmap file, and counts the continuous traffic flow.
The continuous traffic flow statistical method capable of protecting the privacy of the vehicle provided by the invention is particularly realized and mainly comprises two parts of online coding and offline decoding. Wherein steps S1 and S2 in fig. 1 both belong to the online coding part. The on-line encoding part needs to install a reader at each intersection where traffic statistics are to be performed and install an RFID tag on each vehicle. When the vehicle passes through the intersection, a random number is sent to the reader according to a certain rule. After receiving the random number sent by the vehicle, the reader uses a hash function to set on the bitmap file (bitmap) of the reader. Finally, after the measurement period is finished, the reader obtains a complete bitmap file (bitmap) and sends the bitmap file to the server for offline decoding. The online coding part adopts a certain privacy protection mechanism through interaction between the vehicle and the intersection reader to realize online real-time coding.
As shown in fig. 2, a specific implementation manner of the on-line encoding step S1 at the vehicle end includes the following steps:
s11: when passing through the intersection L, interacting with a reader to obtain the number L of the intersection;
s12: calculating
S13: the random number hv is sent to the reader.
As shown in fig. 3, the specific implementation of the online encoding step S2 at the reader end includes the following steps:
s21: determine if there is a vehicle interacting with it? If yes, executing S22; otherwise, continuing waiting, and executing S21;
s22: transmitting own intersection number L to the vehicle;
s23: judging whether a random number h sent by a vehicle is received v ? If yes, jumping to S24; if not, the process continues to wait and S23 is executed.
S24: set B [ h ] v ]＝1；
S25: determine whether the current measurement period is over? If yes, executing S25; otherwise, S21 is performed.
S26: sending the obtained bitmapB to a server;
s27: all the positions in B are set to 0 and the next measurement cycle is started.
In more detail, in order to make the person skilled in the art more understand and easily implement the present invention, according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a more specific implementation of the above-mentioned online coding sections S1, S2 is as follows:
(1) At the beginning of each measurement period, the reader at each intersection first sets all bits of its own bitmap file (bitmap) to 0. Taking a certain intersection L as an example, it is assumed that its bitmap file (bitmap) is denoted by B, and B has m bits. Each vehicle has a random number array C containing s random numbers. It should be noted that the random numbers in the different vehicle arrays C are different. When the vehicle passes through the intersection L, a random number hv is sent to the reader. The random number is calculated by a hash function, and a specific calculation formula is as follows:
wherein H can be any hash function with good randomness, v is the license plate number of the vehicle, K v Is the private key of the vehicle, L is the number of the crossing passed. Due to K v And the random number in the random number array C is known only to the vehicle itself, so the reader cannot send the random number h according to the vehicle v And (5) associating. In addition, the same vehicle transmits the random number h through different roads v And the two different motion tracks of a certain vehicle are difficult to track by the reader, so that the effect of protecting the privacy of the vehicle position is achieved. In calculating h v The vehicle will then send it to the reader.
(2) The reader receives h sent by the vehicle v Then, B is set at the corresponding position 1 of B, namely B [ h ] v ]＝1。
(3) After one measurement period is finished, the reader sends the bitmap B obtained in the measurement period to the server for offline decoding.
Step S3 in fig. 1 belongs to the offline decoding section. After receiving bitmaps sent by all intersections in different measurement periods, the server performs offline decoding work. The invention designs two different offline decoding methods, one is to count offline decoding of continuous traffic flow of a single intersection, and the other is to count offline decoding of continuous traffic flow from point to point. Assuming a certainThe intersection L obtains a group of bitmaps by on-line encoding in t different measuring periods by using B 1 ，B 2 ，...，B t And (3) representing.
The continuous flow statistics of a single intersection is to calculate how many vehicles pass through a certain intersection in a given t measurement periods. The specific implementation steps of continuous traffic statistics at a single intersection are shown in fig. 4:
s31: the server obtains bitmaps of t measurement periods;
s32, dividing t bitmaps into two parts, namely
And
respectively pair->
and />
The bitmaps in the method are subjected to bit-by-bit AND, and the obtained two new bitmaps are E respectively 1 and E2 . That is, set E 1 Is +.>
Set E 2 Is +.>
S33, respectively estimating the simultaneous quilt E by using the following formulas 1 and E2 The number of vehicles recorded by all bitmaps in the system is obtained to obtain n 1 and n2 。
wherein ,
is E 1 In the proportion of bits equal to 0, e.g. E 1 Number of bits equal to 0 is 200, E 1 The total number of bits m=1000, then +.>
Similarly, let go of>
Is E 2 The proportion of the number of bits equal to 0, m is the number of bits of the bitmap file B of the intersection.
S34, will E 1 and E2 Bit-wise AND to obtain E * 。
S35, estimating continuous traffic flow recorded by t bitmaps simultaneously by using the following formula
wherein ,
is E * The proportion of the number of bits equal to 1, m is the number of bits of the bitmap file B of the intersection.
Assuming that two intersections L and L' are present, the point-to-point continuous traffic flow refers to the traffic flow over t measurement cycles of both intersections at the same time in a given t measurement cycles. Let t bitmap recorded by intersection L be B 1 ，B 2 ，...，B t T bitmaps recorded by the intersection L 'are B' 1 ，B′ 2 ，...，B′ t 。
The specific implementation steps of the point-to-point continuous traffic statistics in the present invention are shown in fig. 5:
s41, respectively performing bit-wise AND on t bitmaps of the two intersections to obtain two new bitmaps as E * and E′* 。
S42, continuous vehicle flow passing through the two intersections is estimated by using the following formula 4, and estimated values n and n' are obtained.
wherein ,V*，0 Is E * The proportion of the number of bits of 0, V' *，0 Is E' * The proportion of the number of bits of 0.
S43, E * and E′* The new bitmap is E', which can be obtained by bit-wise AND * 。
S44, estimating the traffic flow of t measurement periods passing through two intersections simultaneously by using the following formula 5
wherein ,V″*，0 Is E' * The ratio of the number of bits of 0, s is the length of the random array C of the vehicle.
Therefore, through the technical scheme, the invention can more accurately count the continuous traffic flow at the same intersection or point-to-point, and is beneficial to traffic guiding, public traffic resource allocation and road planning. Meanwhile, the privacy of the vehicle can be protected, and the safety of a vehicle user is maintained.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. A continuous traffic flow statistical method with privacy protection is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps:
step one, an electronic tag of a vehicle sends a random number to a reader at an intersection, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) When the vehicle passes through the intersection, the electronic tag interacts with a reader of the intersection to obtain the number L of the intersection;
(2) The electronic tag calculates and obtains a random number h v ：
(3) The electronic tag uses the random number h v Transmitting to a reader;
step two, the reader obtains the bitmap file according to the random number and sends the bitmap file to the server, wherein the step two comprises the following steps: the reader is based on each random number h v In the corresponding position 1 of B, i.e. set to Bh v ]=1, when the measurement period is over, obtaining the bitmap file B and sending it to the server;
step three, the server performs offline decoding according to the bitmap file, and counts the continuous traffic flow; and thirdly, carrying out statistics on the traffic flow of a single road port or the traffic flow from point to point.
2. The continuous traffic flow statistical method with privacy protection as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the random numbers in the random number arrays C of different vehicles are different, and the same vehicle transmits the random number h through different road openings v Different.
3. The continuous traffic flow statistical method with privacy protection as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the third step is when the traffic flow of the single-way port is counted, comprising the following steps:
(1) The server obtains bitmap files of t measurement periods;
(2) Dividing t bit image file into two parts, respectively obtaining two new bit image files according to bit and respectively E 1 and E2 ；
(3) According to E 1 and E2 Calculated to get the simultaneous quilt E 1 and E2 Number of vehicles n recorded in all bitmap files 1 and n2 ；
(4)E 1 and E2 Bit-wise AND to obtain E * ；
(5) According to E 1 、E 2 、n 1 、n 2 、E * Calculating an estimated continuous vehicle flow
4. The continuous traffic flow statistical method with privacy protection as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
said n 1 and n2 The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
wherein ,
is E 1 The proportion of the number of bits equal to 0, < >>
Is E 2 The proportion of the number of bits equal to 0, m is the number of bits of the bitmap file B of the intersection.
5. The continuous traffic flow statistical method with privacy protection as claimed in claim 3, wherein:
by a means of
The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
wherein ,
is E 1 The proportion of the number of bits equal to 0, < >>
Is E 2 The proportion of the number of bits equal to 0,
is E * The proportion of the number of bits equal to 1, m is the number of bits of the bitmap file B of the intersection. />
6. The continuous traffic flow statistical method with privacy protection as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the third step is the point-to-point traffic flow statistics, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Respectively summing t bit image files of two intersections according to the bit to obtain a bitmap file E *1 and E′* ；
(2) Calculating continuous vehicle flow n and n' respectively passing through two intersections;
(3) Will E *1 and E′* And (2) obtaining E' by bit-wise AND * ；
(4) Estimating the traffic flow of t measurement periods passing through two intersections simultaneously
7. The privacy preserving continuous traffic flow statistical method of claim 6, wherein:
the calculation method of n and n' is as follows:
wherein ,V*，0 Is E * The proportion of the number of bits of 0, V' *，0 Is E' * The number of bits of which is 0, and m is the number of bits of the bitmap file B of the intersection.
8. The privacy preserving continuous traffic flow statistical method of claim 6, wherein:
the said
The calculation method of (1) is as follows:
wherein ,V*，0 Is E * The proportion of the number of bits of 0, V' *，0 Is E' * The proportion of the number of bits of 0, m is the number of bits of the bitmap file B of the intersection, V *，0 Is E' * The ratio of the number of bits of 0, s is the length of the random array C of the vehicle.
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| CN102637365B (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2017-01-18 | 成都西谷曙光数字技术有限公司 | System and method for realizing urban traffic intelligence by utilizing i-RFID (interactive-radio frequency identification) |
| CN102983979B (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2016-03-09 | 南京三宝科技股份有限公司 | Based on the Quick RFID authentication method of shared secret information between label |
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