CN107144639A - A kind of coupling model of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter - Google Patents
A kind of coupling model of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter, its method for building up comprises the following steps：The first step, design coal sample uniaxial compression overall process acoustic emission test system；Experimental on acoustic emission in coal sample Failure under Uniaxial Compression under second step, the different loading speeds of structure, uniaxial compression test and log are completed by given loading speed, while gathering the mechanical signal and acoustic emission signal in process of the test in real time under given loading speed；3rd step, structure coal sample compression strength are on the coupling model between loading speed, characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter.It is an advantage of the invention that the highest stress that coal sample can bear in circulation or repeatedly plus in uninstall process can be obtained using the acoustic emission parameters and loading speed in loading procedure by coupling model, and the intensity and security of coal sample are made prediction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter, particularly coal petrography
Coupling model of the body under uniaxial compression loading environment between its compression strength and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter is set up
Method, belongs to rock mechanics, characteristic of material mechanics studying technological domain.
Background technology
Coal sample under uniaxial compression, with the increase of load, is cracked and in the form of elastic wave inside coal sample
Externally release energy, while producing acoustic emission phenomenon, acoustic emission phenomenon is local source quick release of energy generation transient state in material
The phenomenon of elastic wave.Elastic wave is gathered with acoustic emission transducer and is changed, analyzed and researched, it is possible to inverting material internal
Slight change.Because the energy that sound emission instrument is detected comes from inside testee, this passive detection technology has its bright
Aobvious advantage, it can record sprouting and the expansion process of crackle, and other Non-Destructive Testings can only could be visited after crackle generation
Measure.Acoustic emission has extensively in the field such as machine-building and processing, coal, metallurgy, electric power, Aero-Space and communications and transportation
General application.
At present, the experiment that loading speed influences on mechanical characteristic single in material Failure under Uniaxial Compression or acoustic emission parameters
Comparison of results is more, is also the constitutional parameter for showing characteristic of material mechanics due to the same stress of acoustic emission parameters, strain.Sound is sent out
Penetrate between parameter and stress, strain parameter and there is close dependency relation.But, sound emission is joined on loading speed at present
There there is no the achievement in research of interdependence effects but between number and stress, strain parameter.In addition, compression strength is institute's energy before material damage
The highest load born, according to the Kai Saier effects of sound emission, during discharged material is added repeatedly, less than unloading front bearing
During the reloading of lotus level, new acoustie emission event will not be produced, it is therefore desirable to set up a kind of new coupling model, profit
Obtain what coal sample can bear in circulation or repeatedly plus in uninstall process with the acoustic emission parameters and loading speed in loading procedure
Highest stress, and the intensity and security of coal sample are made prediction.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：The deficiency existed for above-mentioned prior art, proposes a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed
The coupling model of rate and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter, the method for building up of the coupling model can gather single shaft pressure under different loading speeds
Mechanical property parameters and sound emission characteristic parameter in contracting overall process Experimental on acoustic emission, to obtain under different loading speeds in experiment
Number average, Ring-down count average are hit in the compression strength of coal sample, sound emission, are finally based on least square method and are obtained coal sample pressure resistance
The coupling model that number average or Ring-down count average are hit on loading speed, sound emission is spent, one can be entered by coupling model
Step obtains the highest stress that coal sample can bear in circulation or repeatedly plus in uninstall process, and the intensity and security of coal sample are done
Go out prediction.
In order to reach object above, technical scheme is as follows：A kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and sound emission
The coupling model of characteristic parameter, its method for building up comprises the following steps：
The first step, design coal sample uniaxial compression overall process acoustic emission test system, the system are tried including compression of electronic material
Machine is tested, for needing to select according to experiment to carry out uniaxial compression examination to coal sample using load, displacement or strain loading control mode
Test and gather mechanical signal；Acoustic emission sensor, for counting, storing automatically to the acoustie emission event in deformation failure, and is adopted
Collect acoustic emission signal, realize to the Acoustic Emission Real-Time Monitoring in process of the test；Signal transmission apparatus, for by compression of electronic material
Testing machine or the mechanical signal or acoustic emission signal of acoustic emission sensor collection are sent to computer system；Computer system, is used
Mechanics characteristic ginseng value and characteristics of Acoustic Emission ginseng are extracted in the mechanical signal, acoustic emission signal conveyed according to signal transmission apparatus
Numerical value, and then set up coal sample uniaxial compressive strength and the coupling model of characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter under different loading speeds；Go to
Two steps；
Experimental on acoustic emission in coal sample Failure under Uniaxial Compression under second step, the different loading speeds of structure, by given loading speed
Rate completes uniaxial compression test and log, while gathering the mechanics in process of the test in real time under given loading speed
Signal and acoustic emission signal；Go to the 3rd step；
3rd step, structure coal sample compression strength are on the coupling model between loading speed, characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter.
The coupling model method for building up of the present invention includes the design, the design of signal acquisition scheme, coal sample list of pilot system
Method for building up of the axle compression strength on coupling model between loading speed, acoustic emission parameters；Signal acquiring system includes mechanics
Signal acquiring system and sound emission characteristic signal acquisition system；The load-displacement of mechanical signal acquisition system collect and process coal sample
The peak load values of curve, so as to further calculate the compression strength value of coal sample；Characteristics of Acoustic Emission signal acquiring system is gathered
Compress coal sample sound emission in compression failure overall process and hit the characteristic parameters such as number, Ring-down count；Signal acquiring system is gathered
To signal obtain compression strength under different loading speeds in compression test, sound emission after treatment and hit number average, shake
Bell counts average, is then based on least square method and obtains compression strength on loading speed and sound emission shock number average or ring
Count the polynary coupling model between average.
The structure that the present invention is further refined is as follows：
Further, according to the loading speed of the experimental system design of the first step at least level Four varying level in second step,
Uniaxial compression test is carried out to every one-level loading speed, and uniaxial compression test, real-time synchronization are carried out by the loading speed of setting
Gather process of the test in mechanical signal and acoustic emission signal, mechanical signal include power, deformation, stress, strain, etc. mechanical property
Parameter, acoustic emission signal includes sound emission and hits the acoustic emission parameters such as number, Ring-down count.
Further, coal sample compression strength is built in the 3rd step on the coupling between loading speed, characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter
Order is carried out the specific method of matched moulds type according to the following steps：
(1) mechanical signal gathered according to compression of electronic Material Testing Machine draws different loading speed in uniaxial compression test
Stress-strain, stress under rate-time signal curve, while the acoustic emission signal gathered according to acoustic emission sensor is drawn not
With shock number-time under loading speed, Ring-down count-time graph；
(2) analysis load-deformation curve determines compression strength measured value (the i.e. stress peak of coal sample under different loading speeds
Value), at the same the acoustic emission signal data for counting Experimental on acoustic emission obtain sound emission under different loading speeds hit number average and
Ring-down count average；
(3) mechanics parameter and characteristics of Acoustic Emission obtained according to test data and interpretation of result under different loading speeds is joined
Number, the mechanics parameter includes peak load, compression strength (measured value), modulus of elasticity, compression ratio, the special parameter of the sound emission
Number average, Ring-down count average are hit including sound emission；
(4) multivariate regression models is set up based on least square method, obtain coal sample uniaxial compressive strength on loading speed,
The coupling model of sound emission shock number average or Ring-down count average, the wherein independent variable of regression model are for loading speed and correspondingly
Number average or Ring-down count average are hit in sound emission under loading speed, and regressive object variable is coal sample compression strength.
Based on principle of least square method derive coal sample compression strength on loading speed and sound emission hit number average or
The expression formula of unknown parameter in Ring-down count average coupling model, recycles MATLAB software programmings to solve these unknown parameters,
Obtain the multiple regression mould that a coal sample compression strength hits number average or Ring-down count average on loading speed and sound emission
Type.Comprise the following steps that：
Coal sample uniaxial compressive strength on loading speed, sound emission hit number average coupling model be
Wherein, v is loading speed, haNumber average is hit for sound emission,For the predicted value of coal sample uniaxial compressive strength, C,
Y, w are undetermined parameters.
Coal sample uniaxial compressive strength is calculated on undetermined parameter in loading speed, the coupling model of sound emission shock number average
Order is carried out C, y, w specific method as follows：
(a) (1) formula two ends are taken the logarithm and obtains (3) formula；
(b) test number (TN) is set as n, then the compression strength value surveyed in each experiment is σbi, wherein i=1,2 ... n；
(c) the log error formula of Prediction of compressive strength value and measured value is as follows,
(d) by least square method, the total sum of squares of error in step (c) is obtained, total sum of squares formula is as follows：
(e) makeLnC=η, byAcquisition formula
(6)~(8)；
(f) formula (6)~(8) are converted into matrix equation (9),
(g) y, w, η are solved by MATLAB softwares, and then obtains C, y, w value.
Further, in step (4) coal sample uniaxial compressive strength on loading speed, sound emission Ring-down count average
Coupling model is
Wherein, v is loading speed, naFor sound emission Ring-down count average,For the predicted value of coal sample uniaxial compressive strength,
C, y, w are undetermined parameters.(2) formula is solved according to above-mentioned principle of least square method, coal sample uniaxial compressive strength is obtained on adding
Carry the value of undetermined parameter C, y, w in speed, the coupling model of sound emission Ring-down count average.Specific method is as follows：
(a ') takes the logarithm to (2) formula two ends and obtains (10) formula；
(b ') sets test number (TN) as n, then the compression strength value surveyed in each experiment is σbi, wherein i=1,2 ... n；
The log error formula of (c ') Prediction of compressive strength value and measured value is as follows,
(d ') obtains the total sum of squares of error in step (c ') by least square method, and total sum of squares formula is as follows：
(e ') makesLnC=η, due toObtain
Obtain formula (13)~(15)；
Formula (13)~(15) are converted into matrix equation (16) by (f '),
(g ') solves y, w, η by MATLAB softwares, and then obtains C, y, w value.
Further, step (5) is also included in the 3rd step：
(5) mechanics parameter in experiment and sound emission are hit into number average or Ring-down count average and calculates what is obtained
C, y, w value are substituted into multivariate regression models respectively, Prediction of compressive strength value are obtained, then by Prediction of compressive strength value and measured value
It is compared, and calculates the two relative coefficient, according to the reliability of correlation coefficient analysis multivariate regression models.
Further, it is 50 millimeters that the coal sample, which takes nominal diameter, be highly 100 millimeters of standard specimen.
Further, the acoustic emission sensor is piezoceramic transducer, is provided with respectively in the upper and lower part of the coal sample
4 acoustic emission sensors.
It is an advantage of the invention that can be obtained using the acoustic emission parameters and loading speed in loading procedure by coupling model
The highest stress that be can bear to coal sample in circulation or repeatedly plus in uninstall process, and pre- is made to the intensity and security of coal sample
Survey.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of coal sample uniaxial compression overall process acoustic emission test system in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the stationary state figure of acoustic emission sensor in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of Plays sample of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the stress-strain curve under 5 in the present invention different loading speeds.
Fig. 5 is the compression strength and compression ratio curve map under 5 in the present invention different loading speeds.
Fig. 6 hits the time history curve map of number for the stress under 5 in the present invention different loading speeds with sound emission.
Fig. 7 is the stress and the time history curve map of sound emission Ring-down count under 5 in the present invention different loading speeds.
Fig. 8 is the Prediction of compressive strength value and the contrast curve of measured value under 5 in the present invention different loading speeds.
Embodiment
The coupling model of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter in the present invention, its method for building up include with
Lower step：
The first step, design coal sample uniaxial compression overall process acoustic emission test system, system as shown in Figure 1 include compression electricity
Sub- Material Testing Machine, for being needed to select single to coal sample progress using load, displacement or strain loading control mode according to experiment
Axle compression test simultaneously gathers mechanical signal；Acoustic emission sensor, for counting, storing up automatically to the acoustie emission event in deformation failure
Deposit, and gather acoustic emission signal, realize to the Acoustic Emission Real-Time Monitoring in process of the test；Signal transmission apparatus, for that will compress
Electronic material testing machine or the mechanical signal or acoustic emission signal of acoustic emission sensor collection are sent to computer system；Computer
System, for the mechanical signal, acoustic emission signal extraction mechanics characteristic ginseng value and sound hair conveyed according to signal transmission apparatus
Characteristic ginseng value is penetrated, and then sets up coal sample uniaxial compressive strength and the coupled mode of characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter under different loading speeds
Type.Computer system includes computer and MATLAB softwares, computer can obtain according to mechanical signal and acoustic emission signal from
Dynamic generation or stress-strain, compression ratio-time, stress-time, load-displacement signature tune under the different loading speeds drawn
Line and shock number-time, Ring-down count-time, Energy-Time curve；Compression strength is obtained from load-deformation curve,
Sound emission is calculated simultaneously and hits the characteristic parameters such as number average, Ring-down count average, and above-mentioned data are then substituted into MATLAB couplings
Computing is carried out in model programming, coupling model is set up according to least square method.
Experimental on acoustic emission in coal sample Failure under Uniaxial Compression under second step, the different loading speeds of structure, and design in the experiment
Signal acquisition scheme, then uniaxial compression test and log are completed by given loading speed, while given
The mechanical signal and acoustic emission signal in process of the test are gathered under loading speed in real time.Specifically, according to the experiment of the first step
The loading speed of system design at least level Four varying level, and testing program is drafted, single shaft pressure is carried out to every one-level loading speed
Contracting experiment.Then the mechanical signal in uniaxial compression test, real-time synchronization collection process of the test is carried out by given loading speed
And acoustic emission signal, mechanical signal include whole process of the test in each moment power, deformation, stress, strain, load, displacement, pressure
The mechanical property parameters such as shrinkage, mechanical signal is gathered by the mechanical signal acquisition system of compression of electronic Material Testing Machine, sound emission
The acoustic emission parameters, sound emission such as number, Ring-down count and elastic wave energy are hit in the sound emission that signal is included in coal sample compression process
Signal is gathered by the acoustic emission signal acquisition system of acoustic emission sensor.
3rd step, structure coal sample compression strength are on the coupling model between loading speed, characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter.Specifically
Method is as follows：
(1) mechanical signal gathered according to compression of electronic Material Testing Machine draws different loading speed in uniaxial compression test
Stress-strain, stress-time, load-displacement signal curve under rate, specific method for drafting is：, should using stress as ordinate
It is changed into the relation curve that abscissa draws stress-strain under different loading speeds；Using stress as ordinate, the time paints for abscissa
Make the relation curve of stress-time under different loading speeds；Using load as ordinate, displacement is that abscissa draws different loading speed
The relation curve of load-displacement under rate.Wherein, compression of electronic Material Testing Machine can automatically generate stress-strain, compression ratio-when
Between, load-displacement curves.Meanwhile, the acoustic emission signal data gathered according to acoustic emission sensor are drawn under different loading speeds
Shock number-time, Ring-down count-time, Energy-Time curve, specific method for drafting is：Number is hit as vertical seat using sound emission
Mark, the time is that abscissa draws the relation curve that number-time is hit under different loading speeds；Using Ring-down count as ordinate, when
Between the relation curve of Ring-down count-time under different loading speeds is drawn for abscissa；Using elastic wave energy as ordinate, the time
The relation curve of Energy-Time under different loading speeds is drawn for abscissa.
(2) determine that coal sample compression strength is (i.e. under different loading speeds using MATLAB software analysis load-deformation curves
Peak stress) measured value, while count Experimental on acoustic emission acoustic emission signal data, analysis hit number-time, ring meter
Number average, maximum shock number, Ring-down count are hit in the sound emission that number-time, Energy-Time curve are obtained under different loading speeds
Average, maximum Ring-down count, elastic wave energy average and maximum flexibility wave energy.Because the longitudinal axis of load-deformation curve is to answer
Power, transverse axis is strain, and the corresponding maximum stress value of the curve longitudinal axis is also known as compression strength.Acquisition sound emission shock number average,
The method of Ring-down count average is exactly, to sound emission Excel tables of data derived from Experimental on acoustic emission, to call average formula, choosing
Fixed corresponding shock ordered series of numbers and Ring-down count column data try to achieve average value.
(3) repairing experiment data obtain tables of data needed for regression model：Obtain different according to test data and interpretation of result
Mechanics parameter and sound emission characteristic parameter under loading speed, loading speed, mechanics parameter and sound emission characteristic parameter are drawn
It is that next step operation program bar is prepared with data into table, mechanics parameter includes peak load, compression strength (measured value), bullet
Property modulus, compression ratio, sound emission spy's parameter, which includes sound emission, hits number average, maximum number, Ring-down count average, the maximum of hitting and shakes
Bell counting, elastic wave energy average and maximum flexibility wave energy.Using compression ratio as ordinate, the time is that abscissa draws different add
Carry the relation curve of compression ratio-time under speed.
(4) multivariate regression models is set up based on least square method, obtain coal sample uniaxial compressive strength on loading speed,
The coupling model of sound emission shock number average or Ring-down count average, the wherein independent variable of regression model are for loading speed and correspondingly
Number average or Ring-down count average are hit in sound emission under loading speed, and regressive object variable is coal sample compression strength.Wherein, coal
Sample uniaxial compressive strength on loading speed, sound emission hit number average coupling model be
Coal sample uniaxial compressive strength is on the coupling model of loading speed, sound emission Ring-down count average
V is loading speed, haNumber average, n are hit for sound emissionaFor sound emission Ring-down count average,It is anti-for coal sample single shaft
The predicted value of Compressive Strength, C, y, w are undetermined parameters.
Coal sample uniaxial compressive strength is calculated on undetermined parameter in loading speed, the coupling model of sound emission shock number average
Order is carried out C, y, w specific method as follows：
(a) (1) formula two ends are taken the logarithm and obtains (3) formula；
(b) test number (TN) is set as n, then the compression strength value surveyed in each experiment is σbi, wherein i=1,2 ... n；
(c) the log error formula of Prediction of compressive strength value and measured value is as follows,
(d) by least square method, the total sum of squares of error in step (c) is obtained, total sum of squares formula is as follows：
(e) makeLnC=η, due toObtain
Formula (6)~(8)；
(f) formula (6)~(8) are converted into matrix equation (9),
(g) y, w, η are solved by MATLAB programmings, and then obtains C, y, w value.
In addition, according to above-mentioned least square method, by being solved to formula (2), obtaining coal sample uniaxial compressive strength on loading
Undetermined parameter C, y, w value in speed, the coupling model of sound emission Ring-down count average.
(5) relative coefficient is calculated, the reliability of coupling model is analyzed：Mechanics parameter in experiment and sound emission are hit
Hit several averages or Ring-down count average and calculate obtained C, y, w value and substitute into respectively in multivariate regression models, obtain pressure resistance
Predicted value is spent, then Prediction of compressive strength value and measured value is compared, and calculates the two relative coefficient, is analyzed polynary time
Return the reliability of model.
In MATLAB programming languages, for general matrix X, perform after A=corrcoef (X), the institute being each worth in A
Be expert at a and row b, reaction be corresponding a-th of column vector and b-th of column vector in original matrix X similarity degree (i.e. phase relation
Number), the function is equally also applicable in the program 2 of the present invention：[R, P]=corrcoef (x1, y1)；Asked according to MATLAB programmings
Obtain corresponding relative coefficient.The absolute value of wherein coefficient R is general more than 0.8, it is believed that the two has strong correlation,
Between 0.3 to 0.8, it is believed that the two has weak correlation, if below 0.3, then it is assumed that without correlation.
Embodiment 1
A kind of coal sample uniaxial compressive strength of the present embodiment and the coupling model of characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter, its method for building up is such as
Under：
The coal sample in certain colliery is gathered, nominal diameter is processed into and is 50 millimeters, is highly 100 millimeters of standard specimen (see figure
3), acoustic emission sensor is piezoceramic transducer, the upper and lower part of each coal sample respectively provided with 4 acoustic emission sensors (see
Fig. 2).Test load mode and use load displacement control methods, sound emission threshold value is 40dB, surveyed by being demarcated to the coal sample velocity of sound
Obtain acoustic velocity value and be maintained at 670m/s or so.5 coal samples are taken, and the numbering of 5 coal samples of mark is 1#, 2#, 3#, 4# and 5#, setting 5
The loading speed (being labeled as ν) of individual coal sample, as shown in table 1.
The loading speed of table 1
5 coal samples are carried out with the Experimental on acoustic emission of uniaxial compression overall process successively by given loading speed and experiment knot is recorded
Really, the mechanical signal and acoustic emission signal under the given loading speed of collection in real time in process of the test.Computer obtains mechanical signal
Afterwards, drawing the load-deformation curve of coal sample under 5 loading speeds, (see Fig. 4, σ represents stress in figure, and unit is MPa, and μ is represented should
Become).Then the mechanical property parameters for drawing coal sample are arranged according to result of the test, 2 are shown in Table.
The mechanical property parameters of the coal sample of table 2
In table, F is peak load, σbFor compression strength, E is modulus of elasticity, and φ is compression ratio.
Then, it is different according to the compression strength of coal sample, compression ratio under 5 loading speeds in table 2, with compression strength (compression
Rate) it is ordinate, compression strength (compression ratio)-loading speed curve is drawn by abscissa of loading speed (see Fig. 5).
As shown in Fig. 6 (a)~(e), it can draw 5 according to the stress signal of collection and sound emission shock number signal and add
Carry the stress time curve of coal sample and sound emission under speed and hit number-time graph, wherein stress time curve is given
Using stress as ordinate under loading speed, the time is the Stressing history curve that abscissa is drawn, and number-time is hit in sound emission
Curve is using sound emission shock number as ordinate under given loading speed, when the time is that number is hit in the sound emission that abscissa is drawn
Between course curve.As shown in Fig. 7 (a)~(e), it can be drawn according to the stress signal of collection and sound emission Ring-down count signal
The stress time curve of coal sample and sound emission Ring-down count-time graph under 5 loading speeds, wherein sound emission Ring-down count-
Time graph is that, using sound emission Ring-down count as ordinate, the time is that the sound emission that abscissa is drawn is shaken under given loading speed
Bell gate time course curve.Figure (a) is when to be loading velocity be 0.005mm/min, and stress hits number (ring meter with sound emission
Number) time plot, (b) is loading velocity when being 0.0075mm/min, and stress hits number (Ring-down count) with sound emission
Time plot, (c) is loading velocity when being 0.01mm/min, and stress hits the time graph of number (Ring-down count) with sound emission
Figure, (d) is loading velocity when being 0.0125mm/min, and stress hits the time plot of number (Ring-down count), (e) with sound emission
When for loading velocity being 0.015mm/min, stress hits the time plot of number (Ring-down count) with sound emission.By Fig. 6 and Fig. 7
In (a)~(e), by analysis, calculate and understand that the sound emission of coal sample under 5 loading speeds adds up parameter, details are shown in Table 3.
Sound emission under 35 loading speeds of table adds up parameter
In table 3, naFor Ring-down count average, nmFor maximum Ring-down count, haTo hit number average, hmNumber is hit for maximum,
eaFor elastic wave energy average, emFor maximum flexibility wave energy.
Coupled mode of the coal sample uniaxial compressive strength on loading speed, characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter is set up according to least square method
TypeWithWhereinFor the predicted value of coal sample uniaxial compressive strength, v is loading speed, haHit for sound emission
Hit several averages, naFor sound emission Ring-down count average.
Coupling model is specific as follows：
Wherein C1、C2It is coefficient, y1、w1、y2、w2It is index.
Based on least square method, loading speed and the sound emission in the program 1 and call list 3 of Matlab softwares are run first
Number average, Ring-down count average are hit, the C under the different loading speeds of correspondence is respectively obtained1、C2、y1、w1、y2、w2, its result is such as
Shown in table 4.
Table 4 calculates obtained undetermined parameter
Calculate again and obtain Prediction of compressive strength value, then run the program 2 of Matlab softwares, obtain Prediction of compressive strength value
The probable value P that relative coefficient R and the two correlation with measured value are zero, as a result as shown in table 5.
The relative coefficient of table 5
In table 5, the relative coefficient of Prediction of compressive strength value and measured value is above 0.8, it can be determined that coupling model
Reliability is higher, and it is feasible to illustrate the Forecasting Methodology.
Compression strength predicted value and the correlation curve of compression strength measured value in experiment every time can finally be drawn (see Fig. 8).
(a) is by the correlation curve of loading speed, the Prediction of compressive strength value that sound emission shock number is worth to and measured value in Fig. 8；
(b) the Prediction of compressive strength value and the correlation curve of measured value to be worth to by loading speed, Ring-down count.
In summary, the compression strength of coal sample can be set up according to the loading speed of coal sample and corresponding acoustic emission parameters
With the coupling model of characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter.By the present invention coupling model, using the acoustic emission parameters in loading procedure and add
Carry speed and obtain the highest stress that coal sample can bear in circulation or repeatedly plus in uninstall process, and to the intensity and safety of coal sample
Property is made prediction.
Program 1
Program 2：
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiment.All use equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation shape
Into technical scheme, all fall within the protection domain of application claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of coupling model of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter, it is characterised in that its method for building up
Comprise the following steps：
The first step, design coal sample uniaxial compression overall process acoustic emission test system, the system include compression of electronic Material Testing Machine,
For being needed to select to carry out coal sample uniaxial compression test using load, displacement or strain loading control mode and adopt according to experiment
Collect mechanical signal；Acoustic emission sensor, for counting, storing automatically to the acoustie emission event in deformation failure, and collection sound is sent out
Signal is penetrated, is realized to the Acoustic Emission Real-Time Monitoring in process of the test；Signal transmission apparatus, for by compression of electronic Material Testing Machine
Or the mechanical signal or acoustic emission signal of acoustic emission sensor collection are sent to computer system；Computer system, for basis
The mechanical signal of signal transmission apparatus conveying, acoustic emission signal extract mechanical characteristics value and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter value, and then
Set up coal sample uniaxial compressive strength and the coupling model of characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter under different loading speeds；Go to second step；
Second step, Experimental on acoustic emission in coal sample Failure under Uniaxial Compression is built under different loading speeds, it is complete by given loading speed
Into uniaxial compression test and log, while the mechanical signal and acoustic emission signal in collection process of the test in real time；Turn
To the 3rd step；
3rd step, structure coal sample compression strength are on the coupling model between loading speed, characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter.
2. the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the loading speed of at least level Four varying level is designed in second step, and uniaxial compression is carried out by the loading speed of setting
Mechanical signal and acoustic emission signal in experiment, real-time synchronization collection process of the test, mechanical signal include stress, strain, sound hair
Penetrate signal and hit number, Ring-down count including sound emission.
3. the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter according to claim 2, it is special
Levy and be, tool of the coal sample compression strength on the coupling model between loading speed, characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter is built in the 3rd step
Order is carried out body method according to the following steps：
(1) stress-strain under different loading speeds is drawn according to the mechanical signal of compression of electronic Material Testing Machine collection, is answered
Power-time signal curve, while the acoustic emission signal gathered according to acoustic emission sensor draws the shock under different loading speeds
Number-time, Ring-down count-time graph；
(2) analysis load-deformation curve determines the compression strength of coal sample under different loading speeds, while counting Experimental on acoustic emission
Acoustic emission signal data obtain sound emission under different loading speeds and hit number average and Ring-down count average；
(3) mechanics parameter and sound emission characteristic parameter under different loading speeds are obtained, the mechanics parameter is carried including peak value
Lotus, compression strength, modulus of elasticity, compression ratio, it is equal that the special parameter of the sound emission includes sound emission shock number average, Ring-down count
Value；
(4) multivariate regression models is set up based on least square method, obtains coal sample uniaxial compressive strength and sent out on loading speed, sound
The coupling model for hitting number average or Ring-down count average is penetrated, the wherein independent variable of regression model is loading speed and correspondence loading
Number average or Ring-down count average are hit in sound emission under speed, and regressive object variable is coal sample compression strength.
4. the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter according to claim 3, it is special
Levy and be, coal sample uniaxial compressive strength is on the coupling model that number average is hit in loading speed, sound emission in step (4)
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It is undetermined parameter.
5. the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter according to claim 4, it is special
Levy and be, calculate coal sample uniaxial compressive strength on undetermined parameter in loading speed, the coupling model of sound emission shock number average
Order is carried out C, y, w specific method as follows：
(a) (1) formula two ends are taken the logarithm and obtains (3) formula；
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(b) test number (TN) is set as n, then the compression strength value surveyed in each experiment is σbi, wherein i=1,2 ... n；
(c) the log error formula of Prediction of compressive strength value and measured value is as follows,
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(d) by least square method, the total sum of squares of error in step (c) is obtained, total sum of squares formula is as follows：
(e) makeLnC=η,
ByAcquisition formula (6)~(8)；
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(f) formula (6)~(8) are converted into matrix equation (9),
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6. the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter according to claim 3, it is special
Levy and be, coal sample uniaxial compressive strength is on the coupling model of loading speed, sound emission Ring-down count average in step (4)
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It is undetermined parameter.
7. the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter according to claim 6, it is special
Levy and be, (2) formula is solved according to least square method, obtain coal sample uniaxial compressive strength on loading speed, sound emission ring
Count the value of undetermined parameter C, y, w in the coupling model of average.
8. the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter according to claim 5 or 7, its
It is characterised by, step (5) is also included in the 3rd step：
(5) mechanics parameter in experiment and sound emission are hit into number average or Ring-down count average substitutes into multiple regression mould respectively
In type, Prediction of compressive strength value is obtained, then Prediction of compressive strength value and measured value is compared, and calculate the two correlation
Coefficient, analyzes the reliability of multivariate regression models.
9. the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, it is 50 millimeters that the coal sample, which takes nominal diameter, be highly 100 millimeters of standard specimen.
10. the coupling model of a kind of coal sample intensity and loading speed and characteristics of Acoustic Emission parameter according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the acoustic emission sensor is piezoceramic transducer, in the upper and lower part of the coal sample respectively provided with 4 sound emissions
Sensor.
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