CN107144637B - A method of identification direction of check - Google Patents
A method of identification direction of check Download PDFInfo
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- CN107144637B CN107144637B CN201710516657.7A CN201710516657A CN107144637B CN 107144637 B CN107144637 B CN 107144637B CN 201710516657 A CN201710516657 A CN 201710516657A CN 107144637 B CN107144637 B CN 107144637B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods for identifying direction of check, comprising the following steps: focus is preset in any position in area to be tested, and more wave sound fields focus in the default focus；The sound field polarization direction for controlling the default focal point, makes it on preset direction；Constantly change preset direction, rotates the focal point sound field polarization direction in the range of 0-360 °, and record the crackle echo-signal under different acoustic fields polarization direction；The crackle echo-signal is handled, the total echo-signal of crackle of more wave detections is obtained；Based on the amplitude of the total echo-signal of the crackle, the direction of crackle is identified；The position for changing sound field focusing point, repeats the above process, detects the development direction of whole crackle.Using above-mentioned steps and method, in the case where not changing incident acoustic beam and focal position, by the polarization direction for controlling focal point sound field, so that it may detect the direction of crackle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultrasound detection and technical field of imaging more particularly to a kind of methods for identifying direction of check.
Background technique
The face crack or sub-surface that the stress gathered on the surface of the material often makes material surface formation extremely small are split
Line, width can be as small as micron dimension.These are hidden in material and structural member surface or the extremely small crackle of sub-surface exists
Under stress or environment (or both simultaneously) effect, will continue to grow, the mechanical performance of workpiece made obviously to be deteriorated, and if crackle along work
To a certain extent, it will cause the fractures of workpiece for the Directional Extension of the thinner thickness of part.Simultaneously again because its size is small, usually again
Concealment and risk are had more than visible crack.Therefore, used lossless in order to realize the early warning to material structure safety
Detection method must have the detectability that can detect such crackle, especially can detecte the direction of crackle.
Ultrasonic phased array technology is a kind of ultrasonic non-destructive inspection techniques that developed recently gets up.The technology can effectively improve
It detects speed and detects the signal-to-noise ratio of signal, it is quick, reliable, accurate to have the characteristics that.Ultrasonic phase array scanning uses electronics skill
Art controls the time delay and amplitude of each array element driving pulse of ultrasonic transducer, generates shape and the adjustable focus ultrasonic sound of direction electronics
Beam, and then in the case where not needing mobile transducer position or moving transducer position less, region to be checked is scanned, is examined
It surveys and is imaged, internal structure and defect hidden danger to object to be checked, which look into, sweeps and provide image.
In conclusion the direction discernment of crackle has very important significance in ultrasonic imaging detection, but at present not
Effective reliable ways and means.It in current ultrasound detection, is set into according to the possible distribution arrangement of crackle
It penetrates the direction of acoustic beam and reaches effective detection, however, the direction of incident acoustic beam is often limited by some conditions, it cannot
Arbitrarily change, thus be difficult to detect the crackle on certain directions, less can recognize that the direction of crackle.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome above-mentioned technology existing for prior art ultrasonic imaging test facilities and instruments to ask
Topic provides a kind of method for identifying direction of check, is focused using Ultrasonic Multi-wave in solid dielectric and sound field polarization direction is controlled
The means such as system, to detect crackle and identify direction of check.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A method of identification direction of check, comprising the following steps:
Focus is preset in any position in area to be tested, and more wave sound fields focus in the default focus；
The sound field polarization direction for controlling the default focal point, makes it on preset direction；
Constantly change preset direction, rotates the focal point sound field polarization direction in the range of 0-360 °, and record
Crackle echo-signal under different acoustic fields polarization direction；
The crackle echo-signal is handled, the total echo-signal of crackle of more wave detections is obtained；
Based on the amplitude of the total echo-signal of the crackle, the direction of crackle is identified；
The position for changing sound field focusing point, repeats the above process, detects the development direction of whole crackle.
In a possible implementation, when each array element of the ultrasonic transducer region to be checked only inspire shear wave and
When longitudinal wave, focus is preset in any position in area to be tested, and more wave sound fields focus in the default focus, specifically:
So that each array element of ultrasonic transducer is emitted two pulses, the time difference of described two pulses is controlled, so that ultrasonic transduction
First pulsed shear wave of each array element of device and second pulsed longitudinal wave reach the default focus simultaneously；And control
The time delay of first pulse of each array element transmitting of ultrasonic transducer processed, so that the first arteries and veins of each array element transmitting of ultrasonic transducer
The shear wave of impulse hair reaches default focus simultaneously, to realize shear wave and longitudinal wave while focus.
In a possible implementation, when each array element of ultrasonic transducer inspires shear wave, longitudinal wave in region to be checked
And when guided wave, focus is preset in any position in area to be tested, and more wave sound fields focus in the default focus, specifically
Are as follows:
Assuming that having an imaginary source emission ping in the default focal point, theoretical calculation goes out each battle array of ultrasonic transducer
Acoustical signal at member, load swashs in each array element of the ultrasonic transducer after the acoustical signal is carried out time reversal processing
It encourages, at this moment obtains focusing acoustic field in the default focal point.
In a possible implementation, when each array element of the ultrasonic transducer only inspires shear wave and longitudinal wave, institute
The sound field polarization direction for controlling the default focal point is stated, makes it on preset direction, specifically:
By controlling the Amplitude Ratio of two pulses of each array element transmitting of the ultrasonic transducer, change first pulse in institute
State the ratio of the shear wave amplitude and second pulse of default focal point excitation between the longitudinal wave amplitude of the default focal point excitation
Value, and then change total polarization of the default focal point sound field synthesized by two different polarization vectors of the default focal point sound field
The direction of vector, makes it on preset direction.
It is described when each array element of ultrasonic transducer inspires shear wave, longitudinal wave and guided wave in a possible implementation
The sound field polarization direction for controlling the default focal point, makes it on preset direction, specifically:
Assuming that having an imaginary sound source that ping is polarized and emitted along preset direction in default focal point, theoretical calculation goes out to change
Acoustical signal at energy each array element of device, load swashs in each array element of energy converter after the acoustical signal is carried out time reversal processing
It encourages, at this moment obtains the focusing acoustic field polarized along the preset direction in the default focal point.
In a possible implementation, when each array element of the ultrasonic transducer only inspires shear wave in region to be checked
It is described that the crackle echo-signal is handled when with longitudinal wave, the total echo-signal of crackle of more wave detections is obtained, specifically:
By each array element of ultrasonic transducer, successively received echo-signal is superimposed to obtain first time sequence according to longitudinal wave time delay
Signal；And successively received echo-signal is superimposed to obtain the second time series according to shear wave time delay by each array element of ultrasonic transducer
Signal；By the first time sequence signal and second time series signal, it is overlapped according to scheduled delay rule
Synthesis obtains the total echo-signal of crackle of more wave detections.
It is described when each array element of ultrasonic transducer inspires shear wave, longitudinal wave and guided wave in a possible implementation
The crackle echo-signal is handled, the total echo-signal of crackle of more wave detections is obtained, specifically:
After each array element of ultrasonic transducer successively received echo-signal progress time reversal processing, it is assumed that load is in transducing
The enterprising row energization of each array element of device theoretically calculates total acoustic signals of the default focal point, obtains the crackle of more wave detections
Total echo-signal.
It is described to be based on the total echo signal amplitude of the crackle in a possible implementation, identify the direction of crackle,
Specifically:
The amplitude and the relationship of sound field polarization direction described in the focal point for extracting the obtained total echo-signal of crackle, obtain
The corresponding sound field polarization direction of the maximum amplitude value and minimum amplitude value of the total echo-signal of crackle；
Corresponding sound field polarization direction obtains the normal of crackle when echo signal amplitude maximum total based on the crackle
Direction, when echo signal amplitude minimum total based on the crackle, corresponding sound field polarization direction obtained the development side of crackle
To.
A kind of method identifying crackle provided by the invention, based on Ultrasonic Multi-wave focusing and sound field polarization side in solid dielectric
The control means of method, in the case where not changing incident acoustic beam and focal position, by controlling the polarization direction of focal point sound field,
It just can detect that crackle and identify its direction, be of great significance to current ultrasonic imaging detection and application background.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of method flow schematic diagram for identifying direction of check provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of direction of check detection schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by drawings and examples, technical scheme of the present invention will be described in further detail.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term " first ", " second ", " third " etc. are only used for distinguishing and retouch
It states, is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance.
Fig. 1 is a kind of method flow schematic diagram for identifying direction of check provided in an embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, should
Method includes step S10-S60:
Focus is preset in S10, any position in area to be tested, and more wave sound fields focus in the default focus.
Fig. 2 is a kind of direction of check detection schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as illustrated in fig. 2, it is assumed that one has N
The ultrasound transducer array of a array element is located at solid dielectric surface excitation and receives ultrasonic wave, and A is the position of default focus, is adopted
With the relevant technologies, the sound wave that ultrasound transducer array can be made to excite is focused on preset position A.
Specifically, when ultrasound transducer array only excites shear wave and longitudinal wave, each array element of ultrasonic transducer is made to emit two
Pulse controls the time difference of the two pulses, so that first pulsed shear wave of each array element of ultrasonic transducer and second
Pulsed longitudinal wave reaches default focus A simultaneously；And first pulse of control ultrasonic transducer each array element transmitting when
Between postpone so that first pulsed shear wave of ultrasonic transducer each array element transmitting reaches default focus A simultaneously, to realize
Shear wave and longitudinal wave focus simultaneously.
When each array element of ultrasonic transducer inspires shear wave, longitudinal wave and guided wave, shear wave is made based on sound wave time reversal, is indulged
Involve the sound field focusing of guided wave in the default focus.
Specifically, assume initially that there are an imaginary source emission pulse signals at default focus A, according to solid dielectric
In theory of sound propagation, the acoustical signal at each array element of ultrasonic transducer can be calculated, and the acoustical signal is subjected to time reversal
Load corresponds to the enterprising row energization of array element in ultrasonic transducer after processing, and according to time reversal principle, at this moment sound field is centainly focused
At focus A (at i.e. imaginary sound source).
S20 controls the sound field polarization direction of the default focal point, makes it on preset direction.
Specifically, when ultrasound transducer array only inspires shear wave and longitudinal wave:
For a certain determining array element, the direction of propagation of the pulsed shear wave and longitudinal wave emitted at focus A and
Polarization direction be it is determining, and the polarization direction of longitudinal wave and shear wave be it is mutually orthogonal, the two pass through Vector modulation, can be formed
Total polarization direction at focus A, this total polarization direction depend on the Amplitude Ratio of longitudinal wave vector sum shear wave vector, therefore, can be with
By controlling the Amplitude Ratio of two pulses of each array element transmitting of the ultrasonic transducer, change first pulse in default focus A
Locate the ratio of the shear wave amplitude and second pulse of excitation between the longitudinal wave amplitude of the default place focus A excitation, so change by
The direction of total polarization vector of the default focal point sound field of two different polarization vectors synthesis of sound field, makes it at the focus A
On preset direction P.
When each array element of ultrasonic transducer inspires shear wave, longitudinal wave and guided wave:
Assuming that the imaginary sound source at default focus A along preset direction P polarization and emits ping, theoretical calculation goes out to change
Acoustical signal at energy each array element of device, load swashs in each array element of energy converter after this acoustical signal is carried out time reversal processing
It encourages, the focusing acoustic field along the preset direction P polarization is at this moment obtained at the default focus A.
S30, constantly change preset direction, rotate focal point sound field polarization direction in the range of 0-360 °, and record
Crackle echo-signal under different acoustic fields polarization direction.
Specifically, at default focus A, constantly change preset direction, make focal point sound field polarization direction at 0-360 °
Rotation in range, and record the crackle echo-signal under different acoustic fields polarization direction.
S40 handles the crackle echo-signal, obtains the total echo-signal of crackle of more wave detections.
Specifically, described right when each array element of the ultrasonic transducer only inspires shear wave and longitudinal wave in region to be checked
The crackle echo-signal is handled, and the total echo-signal of crackle of more wave detections is obtained, specifically: by each battle array of ultrasonic transducer
The successively received echo-signal of member is superimposed to obtain first time sequence signal according to longitudinal wave time delay；And by each battle array of ultrasonic transducer
The successively received echo-signal of member is superimposed to obtain the second time series signal according to shear wave time delay；The first time sequence is believed
Number and second time series signal, be overlapped synthesis according to scheduled delay rule and obtain the crackle of more waves detection and always return
Wave signal；
It is described that the crackle echo-signal is carried out when each array element of ultrasonic transducer inspires shear wave, longitudinal wave and guided wave
Processing obtains the total echo-signal of crackle of more waves detection, specifically: by each array element of ultrasonic transducer successively received echo-signal
After carrying out time reversal processing, it is assumed that load theoretically calculates the default focus in the enterprising row energization of each array element of energy converter
Total acoustic signals at place obtain the total echo-signal of crackle of more wave detections.
S50 identifies the direction of crackle based on the amplitude of the total echo-signal of the crackle.
Specifically, the pass of sound field polarization direction described in the amplitude of the total echo-signal of the crackle extracted and the focal point
System obtains maximum amplitude value and the corresponding sound field polarization direction of minimum amplitude value of the total echo-signal of crackle；
Corresponding sound field polarization direction obtains the normal of crackle when echo signal amplitude maximum total based on the crackle
Direction, when echo signal amplitude minimum total based on the crackle, corresponding sound field polarization direction obtained the development side of crackle
To.
As shown in Fig. 2, P1Sound field polarization direction when echo signal amplitude maximum total for crackle, P2For the total echo letter of crackle
Sound field polarization direction when number amplitude minimum can use P under normal circumstances1For the normal direction of crackle at focus A, P2For crackle hair
Educate direction.
S60 changes the position of sound field focusing point, repeats above-mentioned S20-S50 treatment process, detects the development side of whole crackle
To.
By above method and step, in the case where not changing incident acoustic beam and focal position, by controlling focal point
The polarization direction of sound field, so that it may detect the direction of crackle.
The embodiment of the present invention not only can detecte more tiny defect, and largely improve signal-to-noise ratio and figure
As resolution ratio, and can be by focusing on more wave sound fields on predeterminated position, and determine the polarization direction of sound field at focusing
On prior scheduled direction, and it is constantly changing this scheduled direction in advance, so that we are not changing incident acoustic beam side
In the case where with focal position, by controlling the polarization direction of focal point sound field, crackle not only can detecte, and can recognize
The direction of crackle, is of great significance to current ultrasonic imaging detection and application background.
The step of method described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in this document or algorithm, can be executed with hardware, processor
The combination of software module or the two is implemented.Software module can be placed in random access memory (RAM), memory, read-only memory
(ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable ROM, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or technical field
In any other form of storage medium well known to interior.
Above-described specific embodiment has carried out further the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It is described in detail, it should be understood that being not intended to limit the present invention the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention
Protection scope, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for identifying direction of check, which comprises the following steps:
Focus is preset in any position in area to be tested, and the more wave sound fields for exciting ultrasonic transducer focus on described default
In focus；
The sound field polarization direction for controlling the default focal point, makes it on preset direction；
Constantly change preset direction, rotates the focal point sound field polarization direction in the range of 0-360 °, and record difference
Crackle echo-signal under sound field polarization direction；
The crackle echo-signal is handled, the total echo-signal of crackle of more wave detections is obtained；
The amplitude and the relationship of sound field polarization direction described in the focal point for extracting the obtained total echo-signal of crackle, obtain crackle
The maximum amplitude value of total echo-signal and the corresponding sound field polarization direction of minimum amplitude value；
Corresponding sound field polarization direction obtains the normal direction of crackle when echo signal amplitude maximum total based on the crackle,
Corresponding sound field polarization direction obtains the development direction of crackle when echo signal amplitude minimum total based on the crackle；
The position for changing sound field focusing point, repeats the above process, detects the development direction of whole crackle.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein when the ultrasonic transducer only inspires in region to be checked
When shear wave and longitudinal wave, focus is preset in any position in area to be tested, and more wave sound fields focus in the default focus, has
Body are as follows:
So that each array element of ultrasonic transducer is emitted two pulses, the time difference of described two pulses is controlled, so that ultrasonic transducer is each
First pulsed shear wave of array element and second pulsed longitudinal wave reach the default focus simultaneously；And control is super
The time delay of first pulse of each array element transmitting of sonic transducer, so that the first pulse of each array element transmitting of ultrasonic transducer swashs
The shear wave of hair reaches default focus simultaneously, to realize shear wave and longitudinal wave while focus.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein when each array element of ultrasonic transducer inspires in region to be checked
When shear wave, longitudinal wave and guided wave, focus is preset in any position in area to be tested, and more wave sound fields focus on the default focus
On, specifically:
Assuming that having an imaginary source emission ping in the default focal point, theoretical calculation goes out at each array element of ultrasonic transducer
Acoustical signal, will the acoustical signal carry out time reversal processing after load in the enterprising row energization of each array element of the ultrasonic transducer,
At this moment focusing acoustic field is obtained in the default focal point.
4. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, when each array element of the ultrasonic transducer in region to be checked only
When inspiring shear wave and longitudinal wave, the sound field polarization direction of the control default focal point makes it on preset direction, specifically
Are as follows:
By controlling the Amplitude Ratio of two pulses of each array element transmitting of the ultrasonic transducer, change first pulse described pre-
If the ratio of the shear wave amplitude and second pulse of focal point excitation between the longitudinal wave amplitude of the default focal point excitation, into
And change total polarization vector of the default focal point sound field synthesized by two different polarization vectors of the default focal point sound field
Direction, make it on preset direction.
5. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, when each array element of ultrasonic transducer inspires cross in region to be checked
When wave, longitudinal wave and guided wave, the sound field polarization direction of the control default focal point makes it on preset direction, specifically:
Assuming that having an imaginary sound source that ping is polarized and emitted along preset direction in default focal point, theoretical calculation goes out energy converter
Acoustical signal at each array element loads after the acoustical signal is carried out time reversal processing in the enterprising row energization of each array element of energy converter,
At this moment the focusing acoustic field polarized along the preset direction is obtained in the default focal point.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein when each array element of the ultrasonic transducer in region to be checked only
It is described that the crackle echo-signal is handled when inspiring shear wave and longitudinal wave, obtain the total echo letter of crackle of more wave detections
Number, specifically:
By each array element of ultrasonic transducer, successively received echo-signal is superimposed to obtain first time sequence signal according to longitudinal wave time delay；
And successively received echo-signal is superimposed to obtain the second time series signal according to shear wave time delay by each array element of ultrasonic transducer；
By the first time sequence signal and second time series signal, it is overlapped and synthesizes according to scheduled delay rule
The total echo-signal of crackle detected to more waves.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein when each array element of ultrasonic transducer inspires cross in region to be checked
It is described that the crackle echo-signal is handled when wave, longitudinal wave and guided wave, the total echo-signal of crackle of more wave detections is obtained,
Specifically:
After each array element of ultrasonic transducer successively received echo-signal progress time reversal processing, it is assumed that load is each in energy converter
The enterprising row energization of array element theoretically calculates total acoustic signals of the default focal point, and the crackle for obtaining more wave detections always returns
Wave signal.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102621223A (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-01 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Ultrasonic scanning and detection method based on sonic time reversal method |
| JP2016114441A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-06-23 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Ultrasonic flaw detection system and inspection method |
| CN105954356A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-21 | 中国计量大学 | Finite amplitude technology-based metal block closed crack detecting and positioning method |
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2017
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102621223A (en) * | 2011-01-31 | 2012-08-01 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | Ultrasonic scanning and detection method based on sonic time reversal method |
| JP2016114441A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2016-06-23 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Ultrasonic flaw detection system and inspection method |
| CN105954356A (en) * | 2016-05-03 | 2016-09-21 | 中国计量大学 | Finite amplitude technology-based metal block closed crack detecting and positioning method |
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