CN107144454B - A kind of joint property geotechnical centrifuge model method for making sample - Google Patents
A kind of joint property geotechnical centrifuge model method for making sample Download PDFInfo
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- CN107144454B CN107144454B CN201710391681.2A CN201710391681A CN107144454B CN 107144454 B CN107144454 B CN 107144454B CN 201710391681 A CN201710391681 A CN 201710391681A CN 107144454 B CN107144454 B CN 107144454B
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- sample
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- test block
- joint
- mould
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of joint property geotechnical centrifuge model method for making sample, target sample is made of the sub- sample that each joint marks off in this method, selection one is in the first sub- sample of marginal position, according to the selection of the shape size of its minor sample, shape size is identical at mould test block therewith, is single test block or combination test block at mould test block；At mould test block and die sleeve cylinder will be put into earth material opsition dependent and will be pressurizeed；Molding sample is taken out to and is considered as into mould test block, the production that the repeats the above steps next sub- sample adjacent with the first sub- sample, until target sample is made；It in the production process, can be using this two contact surface as joint plane to the natural contact surface where joint position between each sub- sample without shaving processing.Method for making sample of the present invention is in such a way that static pressure is layered sample preparation, by that can make inclination angle as 0 ° ~ 90 °, the through or non-through type joint samples of different joints quantity at the various combination between mould test block.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to joint property sample manufacture technology field more particularly to a kind of joint property geotechnical centrifuge model sample preparation sides
Method.
Background technique
Joint is widely distributed in loess, and the rainfall that exists at joint leads to infiltration offer under the loess of deep by superficial loess
Channel, but this easily causes collapsibility that unstability occurs for the extremely strong structure of loess, reduces the stability of side slope.Therefore, joint
The physico mechanical characteristic of property loess causes the extensive concern of academia and engineering circles.
Since the tensile strength of joint plane is extremely low, during field sampling, laboratory test cut sample, joint plane is easily opened
It splits, influences the success rate of test process and test.Therefore, a kind of manual manufacture remodeling method for making sample and sample preparation containing joint are probed into
Device is particularly important for the physico mechanical characteristic for studying joint property loess.
There are two types of the production methods of traditional triaxial test sample, i.e. " point three layers of compacting process " remodeling sample preparation and " static pressure system
Sample method ", but they can not all make the three axis samples containing joint, can not produce the joint property sample containing different angle.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of joint property geotechnical centrifuge model method for making sample, to produce
Triaxial test sample containing different dip of joint and different joint quantity, and then improve the efficiency and accuracy of triaxial test.
To solve the above problems, a kind of joint property geotechnical centrifuge model method for making sample of the present invention, this method comprises:
Step S1, the joint related data of target sample is determined, and according to the volume of sub- sample each in the target sample
With default sample density, quality of earth material needed for calculating each sub- sample；Wherein, the joint related data includes joint number
It measures, the location information and obliquity information at each joint, the target sample is made of the sub- sample that each joint marks off；
Step S2, in the target sample, selection one is in the first sub- sample of marginal position, according to its minor sample
Shape size choose therewith shape size it is identical at mould test block；Wherein, it is described at mould test block be single test block or combination
Test block；
Step S3, according to described at mould test block and upper and lower or left and right position of the first sub- sample in the target sample
Relationship is set, is sequentially put into die sleeve cylinder at mould test block and earth material corresponding with the described first sub- sample for described, and to the earth material
Carrying out pressurization makes the described first sub- sample molding；
Step S4, the molding first sub- sample is taken out from described at die sleeve cylinder, and current molded son is tried
Sample repeats step S2~S3 and makes the next sub- sample adjacent with the described first sub- sample, until being made when being made mould test block
The target sample；In the production process, to the natural contact surface where joint position between each sub- sample without shaving
Reason, can be using this two contact surface as joint plane.
Preferably, described to be made of at mould test block following any single test block or its own combination is constituted, or by following
Any combination between any test block is constituted:
Different shape size, section are square or the test block of right angled triangle, and these test blocks have with described into die sleeve
The adaptable cambered surface of cylinder inner wall radian.
Preferably, the test block of the rectangular triangle in the section has 30 ° of angles, 45° angle or 15 ° of angles.
Preferably, in step s3 by it is described be put into the cylinder at die sleeve at mould test block and earth material before, lower supporting pole is set
In the bottom at die sleeve cylinder, put well it is described at mould test block and earth material after, then put upper supporting pole；
Carrying out pressurization to the earth material in the step S3 forms the described first sub- sample, comprising:
It is integrally placed at described on the oil pump of reaction frame at die sleeve cylinder, operation load bar adds oil pump rising to earth material
Pressure, until the upper supporting pole stops pressurizeing completely into described at die sleeve cylinder, standing makes the described first sub- sample molding.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, method for making sample of the present invention is in such a way that static pressure is layered sample preparation, to the segmentum intercalaris of each sub- sample when will be layered sample preparation
Natural contact surface where managing position is handled without shaving, therefore laminar contact face is regarded as joint plane；It is in from one
The sub- sample of the first of marginal position starts, and all sub- samples in target sample are successively produced under the cooperation at mould test block,
The through or non-through type joint samples that inclination angle is 0 °~90 ° and different joint quantity can be made.
2, method for making sample of the present invention has weight to the mechanical characteristic for probing into the joint property sample containing different angle and/different number
It acts on, the efficiency and accuracy of triaxial test can be effectively improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of sample preparation device in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is the production process charts of the target sample provided in an embodiment of the present invention containing bathroclase.
Fig. 3 is the production process charts provided in an embodiment of the present invention for containing 45 ° of inclination angles joint target sample.
Fig. 4 is the production process charts provided in an embodiment of the present invention for containing 30 ° of inclination angles joint target sample.
Fig. 5 is the production process charts provided in an embodiment of the present invention for containing 15 ° of inclination angles joint target sample.
Fig. 6 is the production process charts provided in an embodiment of the present invention containing vertical joint target sample.
In figure: 1-top cover, 2-sleeves, 3-reaction frames, 4-oil pumps, 5-load bars.
Specific embodiment
With reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 6, wherein Fig. 1 shows a kind of structural schematic diagram of existing sample preparation device comprising reaction frame 3,
The oil pump 4 and load bar 5 that are located on 3 bottom plate of reaction frame, at the sleeve 2 of mould, 1 and of upper supporting pole, lower supporting pole and top cover
Demould column；When sample preparation, upper supporting pole and lower supporting pole are put in 2 top and bottom of sleeve, and sleeve 2 is placed on oil pump 4, and operation operating stick can
So that oil pump 4 pressurizes and pressure release, with the cylindrical channel that diameter is equal with 2 internal diameter of sleeve on 3 top plate of reaction frame, for sleeve 2
Interior sample is pierced by, and top cover 1 is put in below 3 top plate cylindrical channel of reaction frame to resist upper supporting pole 2 before pressurization.
In the flow chart of present invention production target sample, in addition to being existing skill at mould test block others device structure
Art has variation due to scheming much more relatively and structural order in process, and production process, just direct by its component names in order to facilitate understanding
It writes on its component.
Embodiment 1
Specific step is as follows for joint property geotechnical centrifuge model method for making sample of the present invention:
Step S1, the joint related data of target sample is determined, and according to the volume of sub- sample each in target sample and in advance
If sample density, quality of earth material needed for calculating each sub- sample.
It in practical applications, is usually all the design drawing or structure of existing target sample (sample finally wanted)
Think, by this design drawing or design can determine joint quantity in the target sample, each joint location information and incline
The joints such as angle information related data, for example one be located at the through bathroclase at middle part, two uniformly distributed and be parallel to each other 45 °
Inclination angle joint, it is to be understood that target sample is made of the sub- sample that each joint marks off, as target sample has a perforation
Type joint, just there are two sub- samples for it；When joint is non-through type, sub- examination is divided with the front and back extended line at the joint
Position non-through on the extended line is only carried out shaving processing in the production process by sample.
Step S2, in target sample, selection one is in the first sub- sample of marginal position, according to the shape of its minor sample
It is identical at mould test block that shape size chooses shape size therewith.
Wherein, it is selective at mould test block have different shape size, section be square (including rectangle and square) or
The test block of right angled triangle, and these test blocks have and the cambered surface adaptable at mould sleeve lining radian；Here section refers to
Longitudinal cross-section, it is to be understood that the test block that section is square is for production technique or vertical joint or is used to work as cushion block,
The test block of the rectangular triangle in section, 0 °~90 ° angles formed using its bevel edge and right-angle side (not including 0 ° and 90 °) production
The joint of different angle, wherein right angle is conducive to test block and at putting in die sleeve cylinder and is being bonded；That chooses can be at mould test block
The single test block of any of the above, be also possible to arbitrarily to combine test block (here " single " and " combination " it is emphasised that quantity without
It is type), such as any combination between the combination or any test block of any single test block itself, this depends on its minor sample
Shape size and the spare mated condition between mould test block.
For the ease of promoting manufacturing process, we select a first sub- sample in marginal position to open in target sample
Begin to make, which can be most upper, most lower or most left, most right.
Step S3, according to the upper and lower or left-right position relationship at mould test block and the first sub- sample in target sample, sequentially
It will be put into die sleeve cylinder at mould test block and earth material corresponding with the first sub- sample, and carry out pressurization to the earth material to make the first sub- sample
Molding.
For example, as mould test block above the first sub- sample, that just first puts earth material, after put into mould test block；As mould test block
At the first sub- sample left side or the right, that is just first put into mould test block and puts earth material again, is avoided that earth material disorderly dissipates and brings inconvenience.Its
In, earth material corresponding with the first sub- sample refers to the earth material that required quality is calculated in step S1.
Step S4, the molding first sub- sample is taken out from die sleeve cylinder, and current molded sub- sample is worked as and is made
Mould test block repeats step S2~S3 and makes the next sub- sample adjacent with the first sub- sample, until target sample is made.
In the production process, to the natural contact surface where joint position between each sub- sample without shaving processing, i.e.,
It can be using this two contact surface as joint plane.That is, for through joint, then to the two sub- samples that form the joint from
Right contact surface whole face is handled without shaving, and for non-through type joint, then it only need to be to the two sub- samples for forming the joint
Part face involved in the joint still needs shaving so that this ground without shaving processing, other places in natural contact surface
Fang Buneng forms joint plane.
Molding first sub- sample is taken out from die sleeve cylinder, and by this sub- sample when being made mould test block, for making
The next sub- sample adjacent with the first sub- sample, the referred to herein as second sub- sample, when the second sub- sample also forms, if
There are also its minor sample, that by molded the first sub- sample to connect together and the second sub- sample together when being made mould test block,
For making the next sub- sample i.e. third sub- sample adjacent with the second sub- sample, and so on.
It is mentioned above to be square using different shape size, section or the test block of right angled triangle constitutes any combination,
Formed with the shape size of its minor sample be adapted at mould test block.Following example 2~embodiment 6 of the present invention combines practical
Using being illustrated, wherein the size of target sample is the cylindrical body of diameter 39.1mm, height 80mm, is set in sleeve 2
Diameter 39.1mm, high 120mm, the test block for selection have:
(1) 1# block (0 ° or 90 °): the cylindrical body of diameter 39.1mm (equal with 2 interior diameter of sleeve), high 10mm；It is longitudinal to cut
Face is rectangle, can make 0 ° or 90 ° i.e. horizontal or vertical joint.Wherein, for convenience, mark it for 1# block, similarly hereinafter.
(2) 2# block (45 °): along diagonally opposing corner the cylindrical body of diameter 39.1mm, high 39.1mm are divided into two after cylinder；It is vertical
It is in isosceles right triangle to section, 45 ° of inclination angles joint can be made.
(3) 3# block (30 ° or 60 °): along diagonally opposing corner the cylindrical body of diameter 39.1mm, high 67.7mm are divided into two after column
Body；Longitudinal cross-section is in the right angled triangle containing 30 °, can make 30 ° or 60 ° of inclination angles joint.
(2) 4# block (30 ° or 60 °): along diagonally opposing corner the cylindrical body of diameter 21.5mm, high 80mm are divided into two after column
Body；Longitudinal cross-section is in the right angled triangle containing 15 °, can make 15 ° or 75 ° of inclination angles joint.
(3) 5# block (0 ° or 90 °): the cylindrical body of half diameter 39.1mm, high 20mm；Longitudinal cross-section is square,
0 ° or 90 ° i.e. horizontal or vertical joint can be made.
It is necessary to be noted that the above specific size and specification are merely illustrative, so as to art technology
Personnel understand the present invention program, are not to be strictly limited to this；Emphasized emphasis of illustrating is to utilize different shape size, section
It is square or the test block of right angled triangle constitutes any combination, formed and tried with what the shape size of its minor sample was adapted at mould
Block.
2 bathroclase of embodiment
With reference to Fig. 2, a through bathroclase is contained in target sample, joint position is at 20mm height or 60mm high
It at degree, therefore chooses two 1# blocks and is used as into mould test block, manufacturing process is specific as follows:
(1) before sample preparation, first, in accordance with preset joint position, the volume V1 of the following aliquot soil in joint is calculated,
And quality m1 is calculated according to volume V1 and preset sample density ρ 1, electronic scale weighs the soil of m1 mass.
(2) as shown in (a) in Fig. 2, lower supporting pole is placed in 2 bottom of sleeve, then by the soil of m1 mass pour into i.e. in figure
Sample, then two 1# blocks and upper supporting pole are placed in right above soil sample respectively, subsequently sleeve 2 is integrally placed on oil pump 4,
Top cover 1 is placed under 3 top circular hole of reaction frame, using 4 manual pressure of load bar 5 and oil pump, makes upper supporting pole completely into set
Until in cylinder 2.
(3) 4 pressure release of rear pump or output pump in 1 minute is stood, demoulding column is placed in below lower supporting pole, then pressurizes, makes molding again
Sub- sample (sample i.e. in figure) slowly ejects, pressure release after upper supporting pole ejection, continues to place it in demoulding column bottom, continues to pressurize
Until sub- sample ejects completely, process is as shown such as (b)~(c) in Fig. 2.
(4) the volume V2 and quality m2 for calculating joint above section sample, then by section obtained by step (1)~(3)
The sample for managing following part is replaced in sleeve 2, the soil of m2 mass is poured on thereon, and upper supporting pole and lower supporting pole are set respectively
In the top and lower part of soil sample, using 5 rotational hydraulic oil pump 4 of load bar, until upper supporting pole is completely into sleeve 2, in Fig. 2
(d) shown in.
(5) similar with step (3), by molding two sub- samples, all ejection obtains target sample, in Fig. 2 (e)
It is shown.
3 45 ° of inclination angles of embodiment joint
With reference to Fig. 3, through 45 ° of inclination angles joint is contained in target sample, joint is from target sample bottom with 45 ° of angles
It upwardly extends, therefore chooses a 2# block, two 5# blocks and two 1# blocks, make the first son at mould test block for combining to be formed
Sample, remaining manufacturing process particular content reference implementation example 1.Also, 1# block, 2# block, 5# block combination under, at most may be used
The parallel cracks at 4 45 ° of inclination angles are made, joint spacing is 10mm.
4 30 ° of inclination angles of embodiment joint
With reference to Fig. 4, in target sample contain through 30 ° of inclination angles joint, joint from target sample bottom with bottom
It is upwardly extended in 60 ° of angles, therefore chooses a 3# block and a 1# block, make the first son at mould test block for combining to be formed
Sample, remaining manufacturing process particular content reference implementation example 1.Also, in the case where 1# block is combined with 3# block, can production room away from for
2 of 10mm contain the joint samples at 30 ° of inclination angles.
5 15 ° of inclination angles of embodiment joint
With reference to Fig. 5, in target sample contain through 15 ° of inclination angles joint, joint from target sample bottom with bottom
It is upwardly extended in 75 ° of angles, therefore chooses a 4# block as the first sub- sample, remaining manufacturing process is made at mould test block and have
Hold reference implementation example 1 in vivo.
The vertical joint of embodiment 6
With reference to Fig. 6, a through vertical joint is contained in target sample, joint is located in the middle part of target sample, therefore chooses
Four 5# blocks, which are used as, makes the first sub- sample at mould test block, remaining manufacturing process particular content reference implementation example 1.If
Non-through type joint is made, then selects the quantity of 5# block according to joint size, and carry out to the contact surface for not being related to joint plane
Shaving processing.4 5# blocks are combined with each other, and can make different length, different location, through or non-through type vertical or water
Flat joint.
In 2~embodiment of above embodiments 6 mainly to containing a through joint target sample manufacturing process into
Row illustrates that the production for a plurality of joint, non-through type joint can be prepared by, herein no longer in conjunction with the elaboration in embodiment 1
It repeats.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of joint property geotechnical centrifuge model method for making sample, this method comprises:
Step S1, the joint related data of target sample is determined, and according to the volume of sub- sample each in the target sample and in advance
If sample density, quality of earth material needed for calculating each sub- sample；Wherein, the joint related data include joint quantity, it is each
The location information and obliquity information at joint, the target sample are made of the sub- sample that each joint marks off；
Step S2, in the target sample, selection one is in the first sub- sample of marginal position, according to the shape of its minor sample
It is identical at mould test block that shape size chooses shape size therewith；Wherein, described for single test block or to combine test block at mould test block；
Step S3, it is closed at mould test block with upper and lower or left-right position of the first sub- sample in the target sample according to described
System is sequentially put into die sleeve cylinder at mould test block and earth material corresponding with the described first sub- sample for described, and carries out to the earth material
Static pressure pressurization makes the described first sub- sample molding；
Step S4, the molding first sub- sample is taken out from described at die sleeve cylinder using demoulding column, and will be current molded
Sub- sample when be made mould test block, repeat step S2~S3 and make the next a sub- sample adjacent with the described first sub- sample, directly
To the target sample is made；In the production process, to the natural contact surface where joint position between each sub- sample without
Shaving processing, can be using this two contact surface as joint plane.
2. method for making sample as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described to be made of at mould test block following any single test block
Or its own combination is constituted, or is made of any combination between following any test block:
Different shape size, section are square or the test block of right angled triangle, and these test blocks have with described in die sleeve cylinder
The adaptable cambered surface of wall radian.
3. method for making sample as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: the test block of the rectangular triangle in section has 30 °
Angle, 45° angle or 15 ° of angles.
4. method for making sample as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: be put into step s3 by described at mould test block and earth material
Before the cylinder at die sleeve, lower supporting pole is placed in the bottom at die sleeve cylinder, put well it is described at mould test block and earth material after,
Then upper supporting pole is put；
Carrying out pressurization to the earth material in the step S3 forms the described first sub- sample, comprising:
It being integrally placed at described on the oil pump of reaction frame at die sleeve cylinder, operation load bar makes oil pump rising pressurize earth material,
Until the upper supporting pole stops pressurizeing completely into described at die sleeve cylinder, standing makes the described first sub- sample molding.
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| CN109085039B (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2024-04-09 | 广西大学 | Device and method for preparing soil sample for ground penetrating radar polluted soil detection simulation test |
| CN111413171B (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-06-01 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for manufacturing sample containing non-through cross joint |
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| CN105158039A (en) * | 2015-09-08 | 2015-12-16 | 河海大学 | Manufacturing method of simulation fracture for fractured rock mass seepage test |
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| CN103692560A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-04-02 | 三峡大学 | Rock sample cutting device capable of producing different joint angle and different joint connectivity rates |
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