CN107142372A - Pin type laser peening device - Google Patents
Pin type laser peening device Download PDFInfo
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- CN107142372A CN107142372A CN201710220224.7A CN201710220224A CN107142372A CN 107142372 A CN107142372 A CN 107142372A CN 201710220224 A CN201710220224 A CN 201710220224A CN 107142372 A CN107142372 A CN 107142372A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
- C21D10/005—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation by laser shock processing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of pin type laser peening device, the device mainly includes manipulator, cavity for focusing, the pin type light pipe being sequentially connected.Wherein cavity for focusing is by manipulator clamping, in order to adjust its athletic posture.Cavity for focusing is made up of cavity, lens group, pneumatic micro control unit.Pin type light pipe is connected to pin type light pipe front end, and it is by tube chamber, mirror unit, speculum, air guide end cap, focus lamp composition.The device be free to the narrow positions such as access aperture, Gear Root, integrated impeller blade root and carry out shot-peening, it is ensured that shot-peening quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of laser processing, refer in particular to a kind of pin type that laser peening can be carried out to part narrow positions and swash
Light shot-blast unit, is primarily adapted for use in the laser peening reinforcing of hole, gear and blisk.
Background of invention
With the development of Aero-Space cause, requirement is become to the intensity of metal parts and more comes high, using strong laser induced
The new technology that shock wave carrys out metal-surface strengthening is referred to as reiforcing laser impact technology (abbreviation LSP), due to its surface peening effect
It is good, just obtain extensive concern and research from producing certainly.The technology is chosen as the whole America 100 by American R & D magazine within 1998
One of most important advanced technology of item;The aero-engine high-cycle fatigue project that the U.S. starts in the later stage nineties in last century
In, reiforcing laser impact technology is classified as technology measure first place, 2005, the MIC for developing laser impact intensified system was public
Department obtains U.S. national defense manufacture highest achievement prize, and the technology is classified as one of Fourth Generation Fighters engine key technology by the U.S., foot
See the substantial worth of this technology, research both domestic and external shows, it is laser impact intensified to various aluminium alloys, nickel-base alloy, no
Rust steel, titanium alloy, cast iron and powder metallurgy etc. have good reinforcing effect, except having fabulous answer in aircraft industry
With outside prospect, there is potential application value in automobile making, health care, sea transport and nuclear industry etc.;
However, with the compact designed of design of part, and the requirement raising to part bulk life time, in practical application
In occur in that some surfaces for being difficult to impact, the inwall in such as hole, the blade root of blisk, tooth root of gear etc..These portions
Position is difficult to ensure the vertical incidence of laser by adjusting the angle of laser and part, so as to be difficult to ensure that the stability of impact.
The laser light incident angle that the U.S. strengthens to blisk labyrinth blade is no more than 60 °, and the new integrated impeller blade of China is reversed
Angle is more than the U.S., and laser light incident angle has exceeded 60 ° during hidden surface strengthening, and light beam accessibility is worse.Laser blast wave surge pressure
GPa is up to counted, positive pot shape depression is also easy to produce when strengthening blade thin edges (about 0.5-0.6mm) with circular light spot and the back side is heaved
Large deformation.Thin-wall curved-surface complexity (variable curvature, Varying-thickness), the deformation rule of the large area overlap joint impact of laser variable incident angle is very
Complexity, the control of overall deformation amount is difficult.In addition to this project, there is not yet the correlation of the control deflection of open report both at home and abroad
Technology and theory.
Not enough for more than, the present invention proposes a kind of pin type laser peening device and hidden complex thin-wall component surface laser
Impact reinforcing method, enables laser impact technology effectively to go deep into difficult shock surface, optimizes laser parameter, improve to these surfaces
Shot-peening quality.
The content of the invention:
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of pin type laser peening device, the device be free to access aperture, gear
The narrow positions such as tooth root, integrated impeller blade root carry out shot-peening, it is ensured that shot-peening quality.
A kind of pin type laser peening device, including cavity for focusing, pin type light pipe, Tu Shui robots, manipulator.Cavity for focusing by
Manipulator clamping, in order to adjust its athletic posture.It is characterized in that:The cavity for focusing is by cavity, lens group, pneumatic micro-control list
Member composition.One section of cavity is provided with fiber entrance and cooling gas inlet, and laser enters cavity by fiber entrance, by lens
Group is modulated into collimated light beam and exported from the other end of cavity.Pneumatic micro control unit, pneumatic micro-control list are provided between first group of lens
The outer wall of member is used to adjust the distance between lens to obtain different size of hot spot provided with gas control gas access.The other end of cavity
Hollow shaft motor is connected with, one end of pin type light pipe is arranged in hollow shaft motor.
A kind of pin type laser peening device, it is characterised in that:The pin type light pipe is by tube chamber, mirror unit, speculum,
Air guide end cap, focus lamp composition.Speculum is arranged on mirror unit.It is easy to cooling air-flow to pass through provided with air flue in mirror unit
And keep the air pressure balance on speculum two sides.Mirror unit is connected by connecting rod with air guide end cap.The structure of air guide end cap such as Fig. 3
Shown, its inner ring is provided with screw thread, is connected with tube chamber.One end of tube chamber is provided with groove, and focus lamp is arranged in groove, for protecting
Protect speculum.Air-flow is led to focus lamp surface by air guide end cap, prevents water to be splashed on focus lamp, influences light quality, and protect
Shield focus lamp produces rupture due to the collective effect of current and laser.
A kind of concealed surface laser peening method:First by the 3-D graphic information of computer pre-read concealed surface, calculate
Laser beam scan path and incident angle are simulated, the spot size and required power density on actual treatment surface are calculated, when hidden
Lee-side windup-degree is excessive, then laser is changed into oblique incidence surface to be treated, forms elliptical spot in surface to be treated, now
The distance between lens is adjusted by pneumatic micro control unit simultaneously and further reduces hot spot, while being protected by laser energy compensating unit
Laser power density when demonstrate,proving hot spot for ellipse in hot spot is approximate with circular light spot, and manipulator is filled by adjusting pin type laser peening
The displacement put reduces the position deviation that hot spot is brought to compensate.The laser energy compensating unit by resonator, preamplifier,
First stage amplifier, two-stage amplifier, spectroscope, energy meter, computer composition.
A kind of laser peening method for preventing thin-wall construction from deforming:Established according to thin plate stress and vapour diffusion model
Sheet motion equation, derives that laser blast wave acts on lower thin sheet amount of plastic deformation Xm,
Wherein h is shock zone material thickness, and Y is material yield strength, and a is deformed region radius, P0For impact crest
Duty pressure, δ0For the substance thickness (depending on laser power density and pulsewidth) being vaporized by the laser.
The deflection of thin-wall part is estimated by computer first and laser-impact parameter is optimized according to impulse member geometrical model,
When being impacted, as shown in figure 1, laser is projected by resonator, projected through preamplifier, first stage amplifier, two-stage amplifier,
Sub-fraction laser energy is through dichroic mirror to energy meter, and energy meter transfers data to computer to calculate the laser of injection
Energy, computer constantly controls preamplifier, first stage amplifier, two-stage amplifier by prefabricated laser power variation rule
To adjust laser energy, the laser-impact to variable cross-section thin-wall part is completed.It is excessively thin to shock zone, reduce laser energy and be difficult to again
When producing enough residual compressive stress, then special suction wave plate is pasted at the back side of shock zone, to increase material stiffness and inhale
Back wave is received, the excessive deformation of material is prevented.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) free degree is high, and adjustable range is big, can realize the impact to any curved surface.
(2) small volume, in that context it may be convenient to go deep into hole, gear and blade root are impacted.
(3) it is easy to use, pin type light pipe can be removed by tractable part and impacted, can also be directly with making
Common parts are impacted with pin type light pipe.
(4) there is gas shield, it is to avoid device is deformed the unstability brought due to heat accumulation, while air-flow pair
The stability for the device that the protection of lens is also improved.
(5) using the flexible optical joint miniature laser processing head and water constraint layer, concealed surface of six-axis linkage gesture stability
Laser Transmission technology, solves the technical barrier of the light beam accessibility difference of labyrinth.
(6) laser light incident energy compensation techniques are used, the technology for solving laser variable incident angle energy distribution of laser is difficult
Topic.
(7) square focus spot laser-impact trajectory planning, blade edge back side patch are proposed and inhales ripple floor and the change of edge transition area
The control deformation method of laser power, solves the big technical barrier of deflection after thin-walled parts reinforcing.
Brief description of the drawings:
Apparatus of the present invention Structure Figure is described as follows:
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention;
Fig. 2 is cavity for focusing structure chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is needle-like light pipe structure figure;
Fig. 4 is hole shot-peening schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the laser-impact operation schematic diagram on hidden thin-walled variable cross-section surface.
Cavity for focusing 1, pin type light pipe 2, Tu Shui robots 3, part to be impacted 4, manipulator 5, cavity 6, laser 7, blessing
It is device 8, hollow shaft motor 9, current 10, lens group 11, cooling gas inlet 12, fiber entrance 13, tube chamber 14, air-flow 15, anti-
Penetrate mirror 16, mirror unit 17, air flue 18, connecting rod 19, air guide end cap 20, moisture film 21, focus lamp 22, absorbed layer 23, hole 24, point
Light microscopic 25, speculum 26, gas control gas access 27, pneumatic micro control unit 28, suction wave plate 29.
Embodiment:
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.
A kind of pin type laser peening device, including cavity for focusing 1, pin type light pipe 2, Tu Shui robots 3, manipulator 5.Focus on
Chamber 1 is clamped by manipulator 5, in order to adjust its athletic posture.Cavity for focusing 1 is made up of cavity 6, lens group 11.One section of cavity 6
Provided with fiber entrance 13 and cooling gas inlet 12, laser 7 enters cavity by fiber entrance 13, is modulated into by lens group 11
Collimated light beam is exported from the other end of cavity 6.The other end of cavity 6 is connected between hollow shaft motor 9, first group of lens and is provided with
Pneumatic micro control unit 28, the outer wall of pneumatic micro control unit 28 is used to adjust the distance between lens to obtain provided with gas control gas access 27
Take different size of hot spot.One end of pin examination light pipe 2 is arranged in hollow shaft motor 9.
The pin type light pipe 2 is made up of tube chamber 14, mirror unit 17, speculum 16, air guide end cap 20, focus lamp 22.
Speculum 16 is arranged on mirror unit 17.In mirror unit provided with air flue 18 be easy to cooling air-flow by and keep speculum 16
The air pressure balance on two sides.Mirror unit 17 is connected by connecting rod 19 with air guide end cap 20.The structure of air guide end cap 20 such as Fig. 3 institutes
Show, its inner ring is provided with screw thread, is connected with tube chamber 14.One end of tube chamber 14 is provided with groove, and focus lamp 22 is arranged in groove, is used
In protection speculum 16.Air-flow 15 is led to the surface of focus lamp 22 by air guide end cap 20, prevents water to be splashed on focus lamp 22, influence
Go out light quality, and protect focus lamp 22 to produce rupture due to the collective effect of water and laser 7.
Brief description of the drawings:
Specific embodiment 1:
The shot-peening at narrow gap position:Treat that shock surface pastes absorbed layer 23 in part 4 to be impacted, cavity for focusing 1 is led to
Cross blessing device 8 to be clamped on manipulator 5, the position of the adjustment pin type of manipulator 5 light pipe 16 is inserted into part 4 to be impacted
Narrow positions.Tu Shui robots 3 adjust the angle of current 10, are treating that shock surface forms certain thickness moisture film 21.Air-flow
15 are entered by cooling gas inlet, and line focus chamber enters pin type light pipe 16, and air-flow 15 passes through the air flue 18 in air guide end cap 20
Guiding forms protection air film to the surface of focus lamp 22.Laser 7 imports cavity for focusing 4 by fiber entrance 13, is formed after ovennodulation
Collimated light beam imports pin type light pipe 16, and reflected mirror 16 is irradiated in the surface shape of part 4 to be impacted after reflecting through focus lamp 22
Into impact.The position of the constantly adjustment pin type light pipe 16 of manipulator 5, while hollow shaft motor 9 coordinates the curvature for treating shock surface
The incident angle of laser 7 is adjusted, and then full surface is impacted.
Specific embodiment 2
The impact in hole:As shown in figure 4, a diameter of 5cm in hole 24, deep 10cm, a diameter of 1.5cm of pin type photoconductive tube 2,
Length is a diameter of 2cm at 15cm, the gas outlet of air guide end cap 20, spraying absorbed layer 23, Tu Shui robots 3 first in hole 24
The angle of current 10 is adjusted, current 10 is flowed along hole wall, the position of the adjustment pin type of manipulator 5 light pipe 2 makes its tube chamber 14 flat
Row is in hole wall, bottom of the manipulator 5 with the patchhole 24 of moving-needle type light pipe 2, and hollow shaft motor 9 controls the rotating speed of needle catheter to be
2mm/s.The line focus chamber 4 of laser 7 forms a diameter of 4mm laser beam after focusing on, anti-through the speculum 16 in pin type light pipe 2
Hole wall is irradiated after penetrating, laser-impact is formed, the lifting of the control pin type of manipulator 5 light pipe 2 makes it rise 2mm for each revolution,
It is gradually completing the shot-peening to whole hole wall.
Specific embodiment 3
The laser-impact on hidden thin-walled variable cross-section surface
The deflection of thin-wall part is estimated by computer first and laser-impact parameter is optimized according to impulse member geometrical model,
When being impacted, as shown in figure 5, laser is projected by resonator, reflect, amplify through preamplifier, one-level by speculum 26
Device, two-stage amplifier are projected, and sub-fraction laser energy reflexes to energy meter through spectroscope 25, and energy meter transfers data to meter
Calculation machine calculates the laser energy of injection, computer by prefabricated laser power variation rule constantly control preamplifier,
First stage amplifier, two-stage amplifier adjust laser energy.It is excessively thin to shock zone, reduce laser energy and be difficult to produce enough again
Residual compressive stress when, then special suction wave plate 29 is pasted at the back side of shock zone, to increase material stiffness and absorb reflection
Ripple, prevents the excessive deformation of material.
Then by the 3-D graphic information of computer pre-read concealed surface, calculating simulation goes out laser beam scan path and incidence
Angle, calculates the spot size and required power density on actual treatment surface, when concealed surface windup-degree is excessive, then by laser
Oblique incidence surface to be treated is changed to, in surface to be treated formation elliptical spot, is now adjusted simultaneously by pneumatic micro control unit 28
Distance between whole lens group 11 further reduces hot spot, while ensureing that hot spot is ellipse by laser energy compensating unit (Fig. 5)
When hot spot in laser power density it is approximate with circular light spot, manipulator 6 compensates contracting by adjusting the displacement of pin type light pipe 2
Position deviation that small light spot is brought and then complete laser-impact to variable cross-section thin-wall part.
Specific embodiment 4
A kind of pin type laser peening device, including cavity for focusing, pin type light pipe, Tu Shui robots, manipulator.Cavity for focusing by
Manipulator clamping, in order to adjust its athletic posture.The cavity for focusing is made up of cavity, lens group, pneumatic micro control unit.Cavity
One section be provided with fiber entrance and cooling gas inlet, laser enters cavity by fiber entrance, is modulated into by lens group flat
Row light beam is exported from the other end of cavity.Pneumatic micro control unit is provided between first group of lens, the outer wall of pneumatic micro control unit is set
There is gas control gas access to be used to adjust the distance between lens to obtain different size of hot spot.The other end of cavity is connected with hollow
Spindle motor, one end of pin type light pipe is arranged in hollow shaft motor.
The pin type light pipe is by tube chamber, mirror unit, speculum, air guide end cap, focus lamp composition.Speculum is arranged on
On mirror unit.In mirror unit provided with air flue be easy to cooling air-flow by and keep the air pressure balance on speculum two sides.Reflection
Microscope base is connected by connecting rod with air guide end cap.The structure of air guide end cap is as shown in figure 3, its inner ring is connected provided with screw thread with tube chamber
Connect.One end of tube chamber is provided with groove, and focus lamp is arranged in groove, for protecting speculum.Air guide end cap leads to air-flow poly-
Burnt mirror surface, prevents water to be splashed on focus lamp, influences light quality, and protect focus lamp due to current and the common work of laser
With and produce rupture.
Using a kind of concealed surface laser peening method of the pin type laser peening device:Pass through computer pre-read first
The 3-D graphic information of concealed surface, calculating simulation goes out laser beam scan path and incident angle, calculates the light on actual treatment surface
Spot size and required power density, when concealed surface windup-degree is excessive, are then changed to oblique incidence surface to be treated by laser, are waiting to locate
Manage surface and form elliptical spot, now adjusting the distance between lens by pneumatic micro control unit simultaneously further reduces hot spot,
Laser power density when ensureing hot spot by laser energy compensating unit for ellipse simultaneously in hot spot is approximate with circular light spot, machine
Tool hand is compensated by adjusting the displacement of pin type laser peening device reduces the position deviation that hot spot is brought.The laser energy is mended
Unit is repaid to be made up of resonator, preamplifier, first stage amplifier, two-stage amplifier, spectroscope, energy meter, computer.
Using a kind of laser peening method for preventing thin-wall construction from deforming of the pin type laser peening device:According to thin plate
Stress and vapour diffusion model establish sheet motion equation, derive that laser blast wave acts on lower thin sheet amount of plastic deformation
Xm,
Wherein h is shock zone material thickness, and Y is material yield strength, and a is deformed region radius, P0For impact crest
Duty pressure, δ0For the substance thickness (depending on laser power density and pulsewidth) being vaporized by the laser.
The deflection of thin-wall part is estimated by computer first and laser-impact parameter is optimized according to impulse member geometrical model,
When being impacted, as shown in figure 1, laser is projected by resonator, projected through preamplifier, first stage amplifier, two-stage amplifier,
Sub-fraction laser energy is through dichroic mirror to energy meter, and energy meter transfers data to computer to calculate the laser of injection
Energy, computer constantly controls preamplifier, first stage amplifier, two-stage amplifier by prefabricated laser power variation rule
To adjust laser energy, the laser-impact to variable cross-section thin-wall part is completed.It is excessively thin to shock zone, reduce laser energy and be difficult to again
When producing enough residual compressive stress, then special suction wave plate is pasted at the back side of shock zone, to increase material stiffness and inhale
Back wave is received, the excessive deformation of material is prevented.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of pin type laser peening device, including manipulator, cavity for focusing and the pin type light pipe being sequentially connected, its feature exist
In:The manipulator is used to clamp the cavity for focusing;The cavity for focusing is made up of cavity, lens group and pneumatic micro control unit, institute
Cavity is stated provided with fiber entrance and cooling gas inlet, laser is entered after cavity by lens group modulation by fiber entrance
Into collimated light beam output;The pneumatic micro control unit is set between lens group, and it is used to adjust provided with gas control gas access
Distance between mirror is to obtain different size of hot spot;The cavity is also connected with being provided with hollow shaft motor, the pin type light pipe
On hollow shaft motor.
2. a kind of pin type laser peening device as belonging to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The pin type light pipe by tube chamber,
Mirror unit, speculum, air guide end cap and focus lamp composition;Speculum is arranged on mirror unit;Gas is provided with mirror unit
Road be easy to cooling air-flow by and keep the air pressure balance on speculum two sides;Mirror unit is connected by connecting rod with air guide end cap;
Air guide end cap is connected with tube chamber;One end of tube chamber is provided with groove, and focus lamp is arranged in groove, for protecting speculum;Lead
Air-flow is led to focus lamp surface by gas end cap, prevents water to be splashed on focus lamp, influences light quality, and protect focus lamp due to
The collective effect of current and laser and produce rupture.
3. a kind of pin type laser peening device as belonging to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that it is also associated with laser energy
Compensating unit, the laser energy compensating unit is by resonator, preamplifier, first stage amplifier, two-stage amplifier, light splitting
Mirror, energy meter and computer composition.
4. a kind of concealed surface laser peening method, it is applied to pin type laser peening device as claimed in claim 3, its feature
It is, this method includes,
By the 3-D graphic information of computer pre-read concealed surface, calculating simulation goes out laser beam scan path and incident angle, meter
The spot size and required power density on actual treatment surface are calculated,
When concealed surface windup-degree is excessive, then laser is changed to oblique incidence surface to be treated, ellipse is formed in surface to be treated
Hot spot, now adjusts the distance between lens by pneumatic micro control unit simultaneously and further reduces hot spot, while passing through laser energy
Laser power density when compensating unit ensures hot spot for ellipse in hot spot is approximate with circular light spot, and manipulator is by adjusting pin type
The displacement of laser peening device reduces the position deviation that hot spot is brought to compensate.
5. a kind of laser peening method for preventing thin-wall construction from deforming, it sprays applied to pin type laser as claimed in claim 3
Ball device, it is characterised in that this method includes,
Sheet motion equation is established according to thin plate stress and vapour diffusion model, derives that laser blast wave acts on lower thin sheet
Amount of plastic deformation Xm:
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Wherein h is shock zone material thickness, and Y is material yield strength, and a is deformed region radius, P0For impact crest value pressure
Power, δ0For the substance thickness being vaporized by the laser;
The deflection of thin-wall part is estimated by computer and laser-impact parameter is optimized according to impulse member geometrical model, is impacted
When, laser is projected by resonator, is projected through preamplifier, first stage amplifier and two-stage amplifier, wherein sub-fraction laser
Energy is through dichroic mirror to energy meter, and energy meter transfers data to computer to calculate the laser energy of injection, computer
Preamplifier, first stage amplifier and two-stage amplifier is constantly controlled to adjust laser by prefabricated laser power variation rule
Energy, completes the laser-impact to variable cross-section thin-wall part.
6. a kind of laser peening method for preventing thin-wall construction from deforming as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that in impact zone
Suction wave plate is pasted at the back side in domain, to increase material stiffness and absorb back wave, prevents the excessive deformation of material.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110686596A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2020-01-14 | 扬州镭奔激光科技有限公司 | Automatic monitoring device and monitoring method for focal plane of laser shot blasting system |
CN110871409A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-10 | 蒂森克虏伯发动机系统(大连)有限公司 | Straightening method for correcting unbalance of camshaft |
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CN103805769A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-05-21 | 江苏大学 | Prismatic irregular hole underwater laser shock peening method and device for realizing same |
CN203992822U (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2014-12-10 | 南京煜宸激光科技有限公司 | A kind of laser inwall composite welding head |
CN104141035A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-11-12 | 江苏大学 | Method and device for reinforcing hole wall by virtue of annular laser band impact |
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