CN107141833A - 一种木塑材料注塑方法 - Google Patents

一种木塑材料注塑方法 Download PDF

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CN107141833A
CN107141833A CN201710412826.2A CN201710412826A CN107141833A CN 107141833 A CN107141833 A CN 107141833A CN 201710412826 A CN201710412826 A CN 201710412826A CN 107141833 A CN107141833 A CN 107141833A
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wood
wood powder
plastic material
moulding process
injection moulding
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查国东
储振亚
储亮
李云雷
查卫东
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Yuexi County Tongxing Nylon Rubber Products Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
    • C08K5/541—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen
    • C08K5/5415—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen containing at least one Si—O bond
    • C08K5/5419—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen containing at least one Si—O bond containing at least one Si—C bond
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/56—Coatings, e.g. enameled or galvanised; Releasing, lubricating or separating agents
    • B29C33/60—Releasing, lubricating or separating agents
    • B29C33/62—Releasing, lubricating or separating agents based on polymers or oligomers
    • B29C33/64—Silicone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0001—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0013—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor using fillers dispersed in the moulding material, e.g. metal particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
    • C08K3/36—Silica
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种木塑材料注塑方法，本发明将木粉用纳米二氧化硅溶液进行浸泡，用硅烷偶联剂进行处理，木粉内部和表面粘附了纳米二氧化硅，提高了木粉的分散性、抗老化性、耐腐性，从而提高了复合材料的弯曲强度，抗裂性能，耐水性，大大延长了材料的使用寿命，而且分散润滑性好，注塑所用压力减小，复杂的结构也不易形成孔隙。本发明的脱模剂加入了纳米二氧化硅，提高了脱模性，提高了木塑材料表面的抗老化性、耐磨性。

Description

一种木塑材料注塑方法
技术领域
本发明涉及注塑技术领域，尤其涉及一种木塑材料注塑方法。
背景技术
由于作为有机化工初始原料的石油、煤炭等资源储量有限，以及开发相应石化产品所带来的环境污染等一系列问题，高效开发利用可再生的生物质资源成为当今研究的重要热点之一。木质纤维类生物质因其储量丰富且可再生的特点而受到世界各国的关注。木质纤维类生物质主要由纤维素、半纤维素和木质素3种天然高聚物组成，这些组分中均含有大量的羟基，易通过酯化、醚化、苄基化、氰乙基化、烯丙基化等方式进行化学改性，以获得有塑化倾向的材料。早在20世纪就有学者提出，通过酯化和醚化手段对木质纤维全组分进行塑化改性。Hassan等在非溶剂条件下研究了丁二酸酐对甘蔗渣的塑化改性，酯化产物的质量增加率达到48%，并且能够在室温条件下被压成薄片。Timar等采用二步法对杨木锯末进行塑化改性，得到的酯化木粉在80℃即开始软化，经热压成型制得了高强度的板材。Zhang等在二甲亚砜/N-甲基咪唑(DMSO/NMI)溶剂体系下对蔗渣进行了丁二酰化改性研究，产物的质量增加率为70.8%～144.7%。其他二元羧酸酐如邻苯二甲酸酐(PA)、马来酸酐(MA)也已被用于酯化木质纤维，以制备热压成型的产品。研究发现二元羧酸酐中，琥珀酸酐具有最高的反应活性，经琥珀酸酐酯化的木粉具有比马来酸酐和邻苯二甲酸酐酯化更好的流动性能。但由于木质纤维化学组分的复杂性，所报道的塑化改性产物至今仍限于热压成型，仅以质量增加率作为改性评判指标，并没有成功制备出具有良好热塑性可以注塑成型的生物基塑料。
《酯化改性木粉制备生物基塑料研究》在DMSO体系中研究发现，当木粉与PA质量比为1∶2时，改性产物具有较佳的力学性能。因此，《酯化改性木粉制备生物基塑料研究》以丁二酸酐和邻苯二甲酸酐混合酸酐为酯化剂，将混合酸酐的总物质的量固定在0.081mol(即12gPA)，在DMSO体系下对胡桑枝条木粉进行酯化改性，采用响应面法探索分析两种酸酐配比、反应温度和反应时间对改性产物力学性能的影响，确定最佳工艺参数，制备具有较好力学性能的生物基塑料，以期为木质纤维类生物质全组分高效利用开拓一条新途径。
由于容易老化降解吸水，影响材料的稳定性和使用寿命，需要改进。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种木塑材料注塑方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种木塑材料注塑方法，步骤为：
（1）制作模具，在模具空腔内部涂覆一层脱模剂；
（2）将木粉进行球磨，将木粉在纳米二氧化硅溶液中浸渍11-12ｈ后，纳米二氧化硅溶液的质量百分数为20-25%，再向溶液中加入4-5wt%的硅烷偶联剂Si-69，反应11-12ｈ后取出，用乙醇和水清洗3-4次，50-60℃烘干，得到改性木粉；
（3）将改性木粉与丁二酸酐、邻苯二甲酸酐、催化剂混合，加入二甲亚砜中，置于油浴锅中反应3-3.5小时，用丙酮析出产物，并用丙酮洗涤、抽滤至滤液物色透明，干燥，得到反应产物；
（4）将干燥后的反应产物粉碎，注塑成型，即得。
所述木粉进行球磨至粒径为1-600微米。
注塑条件为: 注塑压力750-780bar，保护压力450-470bar，注塑温度175-180℃，磨具温度75-78℃，保压时间11-12s。
改性木粉：丁二酸酐：邻苯二甲酸酐：催化剂：二甲亚砜的质量比为6-7：1-1.3:5-5.5：0.7-0.9：20-25。
所述脱模剂由以下重量百分比的物质组成：
大豆乳化蜜6-8%；
聚二甲基硅氧烷 0.5-0.7% ；
明胶1-1.5%；
纳米二氧化硅3-3.5%
石油醚余量。
本发明的优点是：本发明将木粉用纳米二氧化硅溶液进行浸泡，用硅烷偶联剂进行处理，木粉内部和表面粘附了纳米二氧化硅，提高了木粉的分散性、抗老化性、耐腐性，从而提高了复合材料的弯曲强度，抗裂性能，耐水性，大大延长了材料的使用寿命，而且分散润滑性好，注塑所用压力减小，复杂的结构也不易形成孔隙。本发明的脱模剂加入了纳米二氧化硅，提高了脱模性，提高了木塑材料表面的抗老化性、耐磨性。
具体实施方式
一种木塑材料注塑方法，步骤为：
（1）制作模具，在模具空腔内部涂覆一层脱模剂；
（2）将木粉进行球磨，将木粉在纳米二氧化硅溶液中浸渍11ｈ后，纳米二氧化硅溶液的质量百分数为23%，再向溶液中加入4.2wt%的硅烷偶联剂Si-69，反应11ｈ后取出，用乙醇和水清洗3次，55℃烘干，得到改性木粉；
（3）将改性木粉与丁二酸酐、邻苯二甲酸酐、催化剂混合，加入二甲亚砜中，置于油浴锅中反应3小时，用丙酮析出产物，并用丙酮洗涤、抽滤至滤液物色透明，干燥，得到反应产物；
（4）将干燥后的反应产物粉碎，注塑成型，即得。
所述木粉进行球磨至粒径为100-800微米。
注塑条件为: 注塑压力750bar，保护压力450bar，注塑温度175℃，磨具温度75℃，保压时间11s。
改性木粉：丁二酸酐：邻苯二甲酸酐：催化剂：二甲亚砜的质量比为6：1:5：0.7：20。
所述脱模剂由以下重量百分比的物质组成：
大豆乳化蜜7%；
聚二甲基硅氧烷 0.6% ；
明胶1.2%；
纳米二氧化硅.2%
石油醚余量。

Claims (5)

1.一种木塑材料注塑方法，其特征在于，步骤为：
（1）制作模具，在模具空腔内部涂覆一层脱模剂；
（2）将木粉进行球磨，将木粉在纳米二氧化硅溶液中浸渍11-12ｈ后，纳米二氧化硅溶液的质量百分数为20-25%，再向溶液中加入4-5wt%的硅烷偶联剂Si-69，反应11-12ｈ后取出，用乙醇和水清洗3-4次，50-60℃烘干，得到改性木粉；
（3）将改性木粉与丁二酸酐、邻苯二甲酸酐、催化剂混合，加入二甲亚砜中，置于油浴锅中反应3-3.5小时，用丙酮析出产物，并用丙酮洗涤、抽滤至滤液物色透明，干燥，得到反应产物；
（4）将干燥后的反应产物粉碎，注塑成型，即得。
2.如权利要求1所述木塑材料注塑方法，其特征在于，所述木粉进行球磨至粒径为1-600微米。
3.如权利要求1所述木塑材料注塑方法，其特征在于，注塑条件为: 注塑压力750-780bar，保护压力450-470bar，注塑温度175-180℃，磨具温度75-78℃，保压时间11-12s。
4.如权利要求1所述木塑材料注塑方法，其特征在于，改性木粉：丁二酸酐：邻苯二甲酸酐：催化剂：二甲亚砜的质量比为6-7：1-1.3:5-5.5：0.7-0.9：20-25。
5.如权利要求1所述木塑材料注塑方法，其特征在于，所述脱模剂由以下重量百分比的物质组成：
大豆乳化蜜6-8%；
聚二甲基硅氧烷 0.5-0.7% ；
明胶1-1.5%；
纳米二氧化硅3-3.5%
石油醚余量。
CN201710412826.2A 2017-06-05 2017-06-05 一种木塑材料注塑方法 Pending CN107141833A (zh)

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CN107825654A (zh) * 2017-11-10 2018-03-23 扬州市维拉园艺有限公司 一种木塑花盆的生产方法及木塑花盆
CN108972977A (zh) * 2018-07-05 2018-12-11 何治伟 一种木塑复合材料用脱模剂
CN115160814A (zh) * 2022-08-09 2022-10-11 中国天楹股份有限公司 一种基于力化学改性木粉的木塑复合材料的制备方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107825654A (zh) * 2017-11-10 2018-03-23 扬州市维拉园艺有限公司 一种木塑花盆的生产方法及木塑花盆
CN108972977A (zh) * 2018-07-05 2018-12-11 何治伟 一种木塑复合材料用脱模剂
CN115160814A (zh) * 2022-08-09 2022-10-11 中国天楹股份有限公司 一种基于力化学改性木粉的木塑复合材料的制备方法

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