CN107138527A - The preparation method of CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nano laminated composite materials - Google Patents
The preparation method of CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nano laminated composite materials Download PDFInfo
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- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
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- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
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Abstract
The invention discloses the preparation method of CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nano laminated composite materials, belong to titanium matrix composite technical field.The invention solves the problems that the technical barrier such as CNTs is difficult to be uniformly distributed in Titanium base, CNTs and Titanium base interfacial reaction and titanium matrix composite strength plastic (toughness) are inverted.The inventive method：Titanium foil is pre-processed with HF solution, the CNT of acidification is configured to CNTs suspensions, CNTs layers of nanoscale is deposited on titanium foil surface by electrophoretic deposition and obtains CNTs/Ti monolayer materials, then some CNTs/Ti monolayer materials are replaced into stacking, most upper and lower layer is pure Ti, recycles discharge plasma sintering (SPS) to combine zerolling and prepares CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nano laminated composite materials.Products C NTs of the present invention is uniformly dispersed, and titanium purer than matrix multilayer is compared, and its intensity improves 20%~50%, and elongation at break is significantly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to titanium matrix composite technical field；Specifically related to CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nanos laminated composite materials
Preparation method.
Background technology
Titanium matrix composite has the advantages that high specific strength, high ratio modulus and excellent high-temperature behavior, flies in Aero-Space
There is huge application potential on row device and high-performance weaponry.All the time, the tradition based on metal-base composites is ground
Study carefully thinking, most of researcher always pursues enhancing and is uniformly distributed in titanium alloy substrate, and be directed to increasing by improving
Strong phase content improves the mechanical property of titanium matrix composite.Although the strength and stiffness of titanium matrix composite are significantly improved,
It is that plasticity and toughness are remarkably decreased, i.e., inversion relation is presented in intensity-toughness (plasticity) of traditional titanium matrix composite.Currently, titanium
Based composites significantly limit its extensive use in industrial circle due to plasticity and toughness deficiency.
CNTs is often included by powder metallurgic method, stirring casting method or vapour deposition process etc. with titanium with complex method.Wherein
The most ripe is powder metallurgy process, and it is first uniformly to mix CNTs with titanium particle, hot pressing or heat etc. is then carried out again quiet
CNTs/Ti composites are prepared in pressure, progress hot extrusion or hot rolling etc. afterwards.But it is CNTs in titanium-based that the method, which obtains,
Equally distributed CNTs/Ti composites in body.And at present the CNTs/Ti composites prepared of technique be primarily present it is following
3 common problems：(1) CNTs is difficult to be dispersed substantially in Titanium base, and CNTs agglomeration is not solved at all, and this is
CNTs/Ti composites can reach far away the one of the main reasons of its ideal performance.(2) the unavoidable height of traditional combination process
Warm high-pressure sinter or high temperature deformation process, in the process CNTs easily with Titanium base occur interfacial chemical reaction and generate fragility
TiC phases, so as to destroy CNTs perfect structure, and TiC easily grows up.Although large-sized TiC particles also have one
Fixed invigoration effect, but it strengthens effect well below CNTs, and this is that CNTs/Ti composites can reach far away its ideal performance
Another one of the main reasons.(3) CNTs/Ti composites keep high intensity while, how to improve its plasticity with it is tough
Property is still a huge challenge.
In summary, the CNTs/Ti of exploitation high-strength tenacity (intensity is improved simultaneously, keeps enough plasticity and toughness) is combined
The novel processing step of material is imperative.
The content of the invention
The preparation method of presently disclosed CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nanos lamination is rarely reported.
The invention solves the problems that CNTs is difficult to equally distributed technical barrier in Titanium base, and existing method can not carried
The technical problem of enough plasticity and toughness is kept while high intensity；And be combined there is provided CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nanos lamination
The preparation method of material.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the preparation method of CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nanos laminated composite materials is in the present invention
Carry out in the steps below：
Step 1: being pre-processed with HF solution to titanium foil surface, with the mixed acid of the concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid to carbon nanometer
Pipe carries out acidification；
Step 2: preparing mixed liquor, then the addition Al (NO into mixed liquor with absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone3)3It is acidified with step one
CNT after processing, ultrasonic disperse obtains CNTs suspension；
Step 3: using the titanium foil of step one processing as negative electrode, using stainless steel substrates as anode, the CNTs that step 2 is obtained
Suspension is to apply direct current between electrolyte, electrode, obtains nanoscale CNTs sedimentaries on titanium foil surface, that is, obtains CNTs/Ti
Monolayer material；
Step 4: CNTs/Ti monolayer materials are replaced into stacking, orlop and the superiors are pure Ti paper tinsels, are then discharged
Plasma agglomeration (SPS)；
Step 5: carrying out zerolling to the material that step 4 is obtained, that is, prepare CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nanos lamination and answer
Condensation material.
Further limit, the titanium foil thickness described in step one is 10-100 μm.
Further limit, the volumetric concentration of HF solution described in step one is 10%~20%.
Further limit, CNT progress acidification is completed by following step in step one：Use volume ratio
For (1~3):1 concentrated sulfuric acid and the mixed acid of concentrated nitric acid are then dilute to 0.1~0.6g CNTs progress acidification 2-8h
Release to neutrality, then carry out centrifugal treating.
Further limit, the volume ratio of absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone is 1 in mixed liquor in step 2:(1~5), every liter of mixing
Liquid adds 0.04~0.2g Al (NO3)3With 0.5~3.0g CNTs, the ultrasonic disperse time is 2~10h.
Further limit, the two poles of the earth distance between plates is 20~80mm in step 3, electrophoretic deposition voltage is 10~50V, deposition
Time be 5~80s, obtain CNTs/Ti monolayer materials in CNTs deposit thickness general controls in 50~200nm.
Further limit, discharge plasma sintering temperature is 300~700 DEG C in step 4, pressure is 40~100MPa, is protected
The warm time is 5~30min.
Further limit, rolling temperature is that annealing time is 5-30min, rolling speed between 300-500 DEG C, passage in step 5
Spend for 0.1~2m/s, first pass deformation 40%~70%, pass deformation is 5%~15%, rolling total deformation is 70%
~96%.
Layered distribution is presented in CNTs in Titanium base in product of the present invention, and Titanium base thickness in monolayer is 200nm-10 μm.
Natural seashell by the calcium carbonate layer of submicron order with fine micro-nano lamination structure with nano level due to (being had
Machine matter layer is alternately arranged composition), make that its tensile strength is pure calcium carbonate more than 3000 times, toughness be 30 times of pure calcium carbonate with
On, preferable reinforcing and the toughening double action of micro-nano lamination structure are fully demonstrated, this comes from its perfect structure effect.
The present invention makes full use of it using carbon nano-sized carbon (CNTs) as reinforcing layer building CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nano laminated composite materials
Excellent structure effect, to solve intensity-toughness (plasticity) inversion problem of titanium matrix composite.The present invention uses electrophoretic deposition
CNT is evenly spread to titanium foil surface by method, then combines zerolling by low temperature fast spark plasma sintering (SPS)
Technology is prepared CNT CNT enhancing titanium-based (CNTs/Ti) biomimetic micro-nano good with Titanium base interface cohesion and folded
Layer composite
The present invention dexterously solves CNT using electrophoretic deposition combination zerolling technology and disperseed in Titanium base
The problem of lack of homogeneity.In electrophoresis solution, due to electrostatic interaction, negatively charged CNT is mutually exclusive, and therefore, carbon is received
Mitron has good dispersion in electrophoresis solution；Under DC electric field effect, the CNT of positively charged can be with uniform deposition
CNTs/Ti monolayer materials are obtained to titanium foil surface.CNT can further be improved in titanium by then carrying out zerolling deformation
Dispersed degree in matrix.In addition, electrophoretic deposition technique and rolling technique have equipment simple, easily operated, it can make
The features such as standby technical grade large size plate.
The present invention using low temperature fast spark plasma sintering process combination zerolling technology can solve CNT and
The key issues such as the interface vigorous reaction of Titanium base.Plasma discharging Fast Sintering method is that one kind developed in recent years is new
Fast Sintering technology, it utilizes pulse high current, makes the material that is compacted produce micro discharge to inspire plasma, so
Electrified regulation is to sintering temperature again afterwards, and therefore, the temperature of discharge plasma sintering is low, and sintering time is short, it is to avoid traditional vacuum heat
Pressure lifts at a slow speed the serious interfacial reaction of CNT and Titanium base caused by temperature and long-time heat preservation when sintering.Then carry out
The rolling deformation of aximal deformation value, improves material interface layer and combines, while controlled rolling deformation temperature, can avoid CNT
With Titanium base interfacial reaction.
The present invention builds nano reinforcement layer by introducing CNT, while by increasing rolling reduction, by CNTs/Ti
The constituent element thickness of composite is reduced to micro-or nano size, finally prepares the CNTs/ that tissue is controllable, comprehensive mechanical property is excellent
Ti biomimetic micro-nano laminated composite materials.
The present invention is regulated and controled by adjusting CNTs deposit thickness, raw material titanium foil thickness and rolling reduction simultaneously
The micro-nano layer structure parameter of CNTs/Ti composites, realize the intensity of CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nano laminated composite materials with
Plasticity (toughness) best match.The pure titanium of strength ratio matrix multilayer of CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nano laminated composite materials improves 20%
~50%, while its uniform plastic deformation ability is significantly improved, its elongation at break is significantly reduced.The bionical micro-nanos of CNTs/Ti
The mechanical property of rice laminated composite materials produces a desired effect.
The present invention is applied to Aero-Space, high-performing car field.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 1 in assembling schematic diagram in discharge plasma sintering stove, Fig. 1 --- CNTs/Ti monolayer materials, 2 --- pure Ti
Paper tinsel；
Fig. 2 is CNTs/Ti individual layer paper tinsel microstructure SEM photographs prepared by electrophoretic deposition；
Fig. 3 is the Raman test curve of discharge plasma sintering (SPS) and conventional thermocompression sintering (HP)；
Fig. 4 is the microstructure SEM photograph of discharge plasma sintering (SPS) CNTs/Ti laminar composites afterwards；
Fig. 5 is CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nano laminated composite materials microstructure TEM photos after rolling deformation 90%.
Embodiment
Embodiment one：The preparation method of CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nanos laminated composite materials is in present embodiment
Carry out in the steps below：
Step 1: pre-treatment of raw material：The business TA1 pure titanium foils for taking thickness to be 50 μm, use volumetric concentration for 15%HF
Solution carries out pretreatment 10s to titanium foil surface and removes oxide film dissolving etc.；CNT decentralized processing：Volume ratio is used first for 2:1
The mixed acid prepared of the concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid acidification 5h is carried out to 0.3g CNTs, be then diluted to neutrality, then
Carry out centrifugal treating；
Step 2: being 1 with volume ratio:2 absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone prepares mixed liquor, takes 500ml, adds 0.06g Al
(NO3)3With the CNT after 0.2g step one acidifications, ultrasonic disperse 8 hours obtains CNTS suspension；
Step 3: using the titanium foil of step one processing as negative electrode, using stainless steel substrates as anode, the suspension that step 2 is obtained
Liquid is electrolyte, and two pole plates are immersed in suspension simultaneously, applies distance between direct current, two-plate between electrode and is fixed as
50mm, voltage is 30V, and the time is 10s, and CNTs sedimentaries are obtained on titanium foil surface, that is, obtains CNTs/Ti monolayer materials, CNTs
Deposit thickness is about 50nm, as shown in Figure 2；
Step 4: CNTs/Ti monolayer materials are replaced into stacking, orlop and the superiors are pure Ti paper tinsels (as shown in Figure 1), so
Discharge plasma sintering (SPS) is carried out afterwards, and sintering temperature is 500 DEG C, and pressure is 70MPa, and soaking time is 10min；Such as Fig. 3 institutes
Show, compared with conventional thermocompression sintering process, the quick SPS sintering of low temperature can avoid CNTs and Ti from occurring strong interfacial reaction and give birth to
Into brittle TiC phases.Microstructure after SPS sintering is as shown in figure 4, show obvious layer structure feature.
Step 5: it is 15min, mill speed that annealing time between 480 DEG C of rollings, passage is carried out to the material that step 4 is obtained
For 0.15m/s, first pass deformation 50%, every time deflection is 10%, and rolling total deformation is 90%, that is, is prepared
CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nano laminated composite materials, its pattern do not occur as shown in figure 5, CNTs is good with Titanium base interface cohesion
Substantially chemically react.Its tensile property is as shown in table 1,
The pure titanium of the multilayer of table 1 is contrasted with CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nano laminated composite materials tensile property
As shown in Table 1, compared with the pure titanium of matrix multilayer, its tensile strength improves about 100MPa, and elongation after fracture is still up to
27%, its mechanical property produces a desired effect.
Claims (10)
- The preparation method of 1.CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nano laminated composite materials, it is characterised in that the preparation method is by following What step was carried out：Step 1: being pre-processed with HF solution to titanium foil surface, acidification is carried out to CNT with mixed acid, it is described mixed Acid is closed to be formulated with concentrated nitric acid by the concentrated sulfuric acid；Step 2: preparing mixed liquor, then the addition Al (NO into mixed liquor with absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone3)3With step one acidification CNT afterwards, ultrasonic disperse obtains CNTs suspension；Step 3: using the titanium foil of step one processing as negative electrode, using stainless steel substrates as anode, the CNTs that step 2 is obtained suspends Liquid is to apply direct current between electrolyte, electrode, and nanoscale CNTs sedimentaries are obtained on titanium foil surface, that is, obtains CNTs/Ti individual layers Material；Step 4: CNTs/Ti monolayer materials are replaced into stacking, orlop and the superiors are pure Ti paper tinsels, then carry out discharging etc. from Son sintering (SPS)；Step 5: carrying out zerolling to the material that step 4 is obtained, that is, prepare CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nano lamination composite woods Material.
- 2. the preparation method of CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nanos laminated composite materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step Titanium foil thickness described in rapid one is 10-100 μm.
- 3. the preparation method of CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nanos laminated composite materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step The volumetric concentration of HF solution described in rapid one is 10%~20%.
- 4. the preparation method of CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nanos laminated composite materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step CNT progress acidification is completed by following step in rapid one：It is (1~3) with volume ratio:1 concentrated sulfuric acid prepares mixed acid with concentrated nitric acid, then with mixed acid to 0.1g~0.6g carbon nanometer Pipe carries out 2~8h of acidification, is then diluted to neutrality, then carries out centrifugal treating.The volume ratio of absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone is 1 in mixed liquor in step 2:(1~5), every liter of mixed liquor add 0.04g~ 0.2g Al (NO3)3With the CNTs after 0.5g~3.0g step one acidifications, the ultrasonic disperse time is 2~10 hours.
- 5. the preparation method of CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nanos laminated composite materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step The two poles of the earth distance between plates is 20~80mm in rapid three, and electrophoretic deposition voltage is 10~50V, and sedimentation time is 5s~80s.
- 6. the preparation method of CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nanos laminated composite materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that two Distance is fixed as 50mm between pole plate, and voltage is 30V, and the time is 10s.
- 7. the preparation method of CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nanos laminated composite materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step Discharge plasma sintering temperature is 300~700 DEG C in rapid four, and pressure is 40~100MPa, and soaking time is 5~30min.
- 8. the preparation method of CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nanos laminated composite materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step Discharge plasma sintering temperature is 500 DEG C in rapid four, and pressure is 70MPa, and soaking time is 10min.
- 9. the preparation method of CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nanos laminated composite materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step Rolling temperature is 300~500 DEG C in rapid five, and annealing time is 5~30min between passage, and mill speed is 0.1~2m/s, first road Secondary deflection 40%~70%, pass deformation is 5%~15%, and rolling total deformation is 70%~96%.
- 10. the preparation method of CNTs/Ti biomimetic micro-nanos laminated composite materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that Rolling temperature is 480 DEG C in step 5, and annealing time is 15min between passage, and mill speed is 0.15m/s, first pass deformation 50%, every time deflection is 10%, and rolling total deformation is 90%.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN107470358A (en) * | 2017-10-11 | 2017-12-15 | 宝鸡市永盛泰钛业有限公司 | A kind of processing method of titanium-alloy thin-plate |
| CN108034984A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-05-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of carbon nanotubes copper-based laminated composite material |
| CN108179294A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of Carbon Nanotubes/Magnesiuum Matrix Composite method for preparing layer structure |
| CN108504908A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-07 | 福州大学 | A kind of preparation method of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material |
| CN111251691A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method of multi-scale structure titanium alloy material |
| CN111379002A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-07 | 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 | Method for rapidly preparing high-strength and high-toughness layered titanium-based composite material |
| CN114622110A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-14 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Preparation method of titanium-nickel alloy-based composite material with wide temperature range and high damping response |
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| CN108179294A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-06-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of Carbon Nanotubes/Magnesiuum Matrix Composite method for preparing layer structure |
| CN108504908A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-09-07 | 福州大学 | A kind of preparation method of carbon nanotube enhanced aluminium-based composite material |
| CN111251691A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method of multi-scale structure titanium alloy material |
| CN111379002A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-07 | 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 | Method for rapidly preparing high-strength and high-toughness layered titanium-based composite material |
| CN114622110A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-14 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Preparation method of titanium-nickel alloy-based composite material with wide temperature range and high damping response |
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