CN107134866A - Double winding bearing-free flux switch permanent magnet motor - Google Patents
Double winding bearing-free flux switch permanent magnet motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN107134866A CN107134866A CN201710269340.8A CN201710269340A CN107134866A CN 107134866 A CN107134866 A CN 107134866A CN 201710269340 A CN201710269340 A CN 201710269340A CN 107134866 A CN107134866 A CN 107134866A
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
- H02K1/148—Sectional cores
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
- H02K3/28—Layout of windings or of connections between windings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of double winding bearing-free flux switch permanent magnet motor, including stator, rotor and winding, stator and rotor are double-salient-pole structure, and with axial symmetry, stator and rotor iron core is formed by silicon steel plate stacking;Stator core is made up of 6 U-shaped laminations, and one piece of tangential permanent magnet alternately magnetized is embedded between the U-shaped lamination of each two, a stator tooth is collectively constituted;Winding is centralized winding and installed on the stator teeth that the end of winding is smaller;Winding is divided into two sets, wherein, coil head and the tail sequential concatenation of a set of winding on two relative stator tooths of space, which connects together, constitutes a phase, so as to form three-phase direct torque winding;Coil inverted sequence concatenation of the other set winding on two relative stator tooths of space, which connects together, constitutes a phase, so as to form suspending power controling winding;The polarity of the sides adjacent of adjacent permanent magnet is identical.With high speed, high-power, high efficiency, high power density, operation stability are high, reliability is high the characteristics of.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high speed bearing-free motor technical field, it is related to a kind of stator permanent-magnet double winding bearing-free magnetic flux and cuts
Change magneto.
Background technology
It is used widely at a high speed, uses in the equipment such as high-speed machine tool, turbomolecular pump, high speed flywheel with super high speed motor
When mechanical bearing is supported, the frictional resistance increase brought by rotor high-speed cruising aggravates bearing wear, causes motor gas-gap not
, heating in winding, not only reduces motor working efficiency, shortens the service life of motor and bearing, also increases to motor and axle
Hold the burden of maintenance.
The proposition of magnetic axis bearing motor solves the wear problem of mechanical bearing, but magnetic bearing occupies independent axial space,
So that the axial utilization rate of magnetic axis bearing motor is relatively low, and magnetic axis bearing structure and motor stator structure have certain similitude, such as
Suspending windings lap wound in magnetic bearing in motor stator winding, is made two kinds of magnetic field integrators, and can control electricity simultaneously by fruit
The suspension and rotation of machine rotor are ideal, and bearing-free motor is based on this imagination and proposed.Two sets in motor
The magnetic field interaction of winding generates the radial load acted on rotor, can be realized by the radial load in controlled motor
The suspension of rotor.Compared with traditional magnetic axis bearing motor, the motor has produces turning moment and the function of radial suspension force simultaneously.
Existing high speed bearing-free motor mainly has induction-type bearingless motor, bearing-free permanent magnet synchronous motor, bearing-free switch
Reluctance motor etc..The wherein power factor of induction-type bearingless motor and less efficient, the efficiency of bearing-free permanent magnet synchronous motor and
Power factor is high, but it is rotor permanent magnet formula motor, the problem of high speed rotating band of rotor carrys out structural instability and exists because tightly
Be fixedly mounted with put cause at a high temperature of permanent magnet the problem of demagnetize.Bearing-free switch reluctance motor has simple in construction, suitable fortune at a high speed
The advantages of turning.But it needs main winding to provide bias magnetic field to ensure the suspension of rotor.Which increase the loss of motor, reduce
Its efficiency.Meanwhile, the working method that its half period is powered reduces the utilization rate of winding and the power density of motor.
The structure of double winding bearing-free flux switch permanent magnet motor is similar with switched reluctance machines, but in the centre of stator tooth
Install high-performance permanent magnet magnet additional, to set up the air-gap field needed for work, this magnetic field can provide torque simultaneously and produce suspension
The need for power.Air gap main field is set up without main winding current, main winding current is reduced, the damage of motor is reduced
Consumption, improves the whole efficiency of motor.Stator tooth extremely on be wound with double-deck concentratred winding, each tooth extremely on winding individually control
System rather than connection in series-parallel, so by passing to different electric currents to different windings so that different teeth extremely under air gap flux density
And the radial direction magnetic pull of different directions is produced, the radial suspension force of any direction can be obtained after synthesis, so as to realize rotor
Continuous-stable suspends.Meanwhile, winding current interacts with permanent magnet flux linkage and produces the rotation of electromagnetic torque drive rotor.
Double winding bearing-free flux switch permanent magnet motor has the advantages that following prominent:1) by stator core teeth portion
Between install permanent magnet additional, the permanent magnet of adjacent teeth pole is magnetism-collected structure, and the air gap flux density of generation is very high, and motor is greatly improved
Efficiency and power density;2) air gap flux density is very high, and same current can produce bigger torque and radial suspension force, improves motor
Load capacity;3) permanent magnet flux linkage, counter electromotive force and winding current, can be in magnetic flux-magnetic potential planes close to double polarity sine waveform
Realize that energy is changed in four quadrants of coordinate system, energy index is high, power density is big;4) possesses certain fault-tolerant operation energy
Power;5) permanent magnet is placed in stator, firm in structure, is easy to radiating, and the hidden danger that no permanent magnet comes off improves the steady of high speed operation of motor
Qualitative and reliability;6) rotor is the totality only made by silicon steel sheet, brushless, no winding, no permanent magnet, with simple structure
And it is firm, it is adapted to operate with ultrahigh speed at a high speed.The adaptability that runs at high speed of this motor is extremely strong.
The content of the invention
For prior art, the present invention provides a kind of novel high speed, high-power, high efficiency, high power density, stable
Property the high stator permanent-magnet bearing-free motor of high, reliability.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention proposes a kind of double winding bearing-free flux switch permanent magnet motor, including
Stator, rotor and winding, the stator and rotor are double-salient-pole structure, and with axial symmetry, stator core and rotor iron
The heart is formed by silicon steel plate stacking;The stator core is made up of 6 U-shaped laminations, and being embedded with one piece between the U-shaped lamination of each two cuts
The permanent magnet magnetized to alternating, collectively constitutes a stator tooth;The winding is centralized winding and is arranged on the stator tooth
On, the end of winding is smaller;The winding is divided into two sets, wherein, line of a set of winding on two relative stator tooths of space
Circle head and the tail sequential concatenation, which connects together, constitutes a phase, so as to form three-phase direct torque winding;Other set winding is by space
Coil inverted sequence concatenation on two relative stator tooths, which connects together, constitutes a phase, eliminates the induced electromotive force in two coils,
So as to form suspending power controling winding;The polarity of the sides adjacent of adjacent permanent magnet is identical;It is permanent magnet flux linkage in the winding, anti-
Electromotive force and electric current are close to double polarity sine wave mode.
In the present invention, the permanent magnet is positioned over the yoke portion of the stator core, forms stator permanent-magnet motor.
Compared with prior art, motor of the present invention can realize the stability of high-power and high speed, ultrahigh speed rotation and operation
It is very high with reliability, meanwhile, also with very high system effectiveness and power density.Main feature is as follows:
1) permanent magnet is placed in stator, the problem of permanent magnet comes off when being rotated at a high speed in the absence of rotor permanent magnet formula motor.Improve
The structural stability and reliability of high speed operation of motor.
2) permanent magnet is placed in stator, is easy to radiating, it is to avoid the high temperature degaussing of permanent magnet, improves the stabilization of motor operation
Property and reliability.
3) air-gap field is mainly set up by permanent magnet, is eliminated the excitation component in winding current, is reduced excitation loss,
System effectiveness is improved, temperature rise is reduced, it is to avoid the high temperature degaussing of permanent magnet, the reliability of motor operation is improved.
4) permanent magnet can produce very high air gap flux density, and effective torque can be produced in the whole district of permanent magnet flux linkage, improve
The utilization rate of winding, these all effectively increase the power density of system.
5) permanent magnet flux linkage, counter electromotive force and electric current in winding is adapted to alternating current generator side close to bipolarity flat-top wave mode
Formula drives, and can realize that energy is changed in four quadrants of magnetic flux-magnetic potential plane coordinate system, energy index is high, power density is big.
6) because air gap flux density is high so that torque and radial load produced by under same current are increased, and are effectively improved
The load capacity of motor.
7) winding is concentratred winding, and end is short, can reduce winding copper loss, improves the efficiency of motor.
8) without permanent magnet, without winding, brushless, with simple structure on rotor.Meanwhile, it is silicon steel plate stacking
One entirety, it is simple in construction and firm, it is very suitable for rotating with ultrahigh speed at a high speed, the limit speed of motor can be improved, work(is improved
Rate density.
9) by using the short magnetic circuit structural for turning on adjacent phase, it is to avoid suspension magnetic flux is through magnetic resistance very big permanent magnetism
Body, reduces excitation loss, and avoid the demagnetization of permanent magnet.
10) the short magnetic circuit suspension magnetic excitation circuit structure proposed can be realized to air gap with the suspension Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection electric current of very little
The control of resultant flux size, completes the control to rotor radial position, so as to realize that double winding bearing-free magnetic flux switches permanent magnetism
The stable suspersion operating of motor.
11) the radial rotor magnetic suspension support structure of bearing-free, can eliminate the mechanical friction loss of bearing, without lubrication,
Lifetime of system is long, and high speed, the ultrahigh speed operating of flux switch permanent magnet motor can be achieved.
12) axial length of this motor is short, and critical speed is high, can be achieved high-power and runs at high speed.
13) electric machine structure is simple, reliability is high, control is flexible, dynamic response is fast, good speed adjustment features, torque/electric current ratio
Greatly;
14) it can be achieved the torque-speed characteristic of various particular/special requirements, efficiency high, power factor is close to 1;
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is double winding bearing-free flux switch permanent magnet motor basic structure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the back emf waveform that finite element analysis is obtained;
Fig. 3 is power inverter schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the change curve of winding counter electromotive force and electric current in a rotor cycle;
Fig. 5 is that radial suspension force produces schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, described is specific
Only the present invention is explained for embodiment, is not intended to limit the invention.
The present invention mentality of designing be:The good characteristic of composite magnetic flux switch permanent magnet motor and magnetic axis bearing motor, by adopting
Air gap main field is set up with permanent magnet, higher air gap flux density can be produced, this air-gap flux is that can be used to produce torque
Suspending power can be provided again, it is to avoid need main winding current to set up air gap bias magnetic field, reduce main winding current, reduce
The loss of motor, improves the whole efficiency and power density of motor, reduces temperature rise, improves the stability of motor operation and reliable
Property.Its permanent magnet is positioned over the yoke portion of stator core, is stator permanent-magnet motor, and permanent magnet gets rid of what is fallen when being rotated in the absence of high speed
Problem, substantially increases the stability and reliability during high speed operation of motor.Meanwhile, permanent magnet is placed in stator, is easy to permanent magnet
Radiating.Permanent magnet flux linkage, counter electromotive force and electric current in winding is adapted to alternating current generator mode and driven close to double polarity sine wave mode
It is dynamic, it can realize that energy is changed in four quadrants of magnetic flux-magnetic potential plane coordinate system, energy index is high, power density is big.Its turn
It is simple in construction firm without winding, without permanent magnet, brushless on a sub entirety for silicon steel plate stacking, rotor, fit very much
Close and rotated with ultrahigh speed at a high speed, the limit speed of motor can be improved.
The present invention proposes double winding bearing-free flux switch permanent magnet motor, its basic structure as shown in figure 1, mainly including
The parts such as stator, rotor and winding.The stator and rotor are double-salient-pole structure, and with axial symmetry, stator core 30
Formed with rotor core 50 by silicon steel plate stacking.Its rotor is similar with switched reluctance machines, thereon without winding, without permanent magnet,
Easily manufactured, cost is relatively low and firm suitable high speed rotation simple in construction.The stator core 30 is made up of 6 U-shaped laminations, often
One piece of tangential permanent magnet 40 alternately magnetized is embedded between two U-shaped laminations, a stator tooth is collectively constituted;In the present invention, institute
State permanent magnet 40 and be positioned over the yoke portion of the stator core 30, so as to form stator permanent-magnet motor.The winding is concentration
Formula winding is simultaneously arranged on the stator tooth, and the end of winding is smaller, and saving copper consumption simultaneously reduces copper loss.
The difference of motor of the present invention and common magnetic flux switch permanent magnet motor be its each stator tooth extremely on winding be two
Set, double winding is respectively intended to control torque and radial suspension force.I.e. described winding is divided into two sets, wherein, it is a set of around group echo
For UVW, the coil head and the tail sequential concatenation on two relative stator tooths of space, which connects together, constitutes a phase, so as to form three
Phase direct torque winding, i.e., in the present invention, direct torque winding is then common three-phase symmetric winding.Other set is around group echo
For ABC, the coil inverted sequence concatenation on two relative stator tooths of space, which connects together, constitutes a phase, can so eliminate two coils
In induced electromotive force, its constitute suspending power controling winding.
In the present invention, permanent magnet 40 has been moved to stator from rotor, and uses tangentially mounted form, the phase of adjacent permanent magnet 40
The polarity of adjacent side is identical, and this installation form takes full advantage of the poly- magnetic effect of permanent magnet, improves air gap flux density, and it is fixed to reduce
Son fluting space and the consumption of permanent magnet, reduce the cost of motor.In addition, the structure that permanent magnet 40 is placed in stator can produce height
Reluctance magnetic path, this causes armature-reaction magnetic flux to be restricted when by permanent magnet.And armature winding magnetic field and permanent-magnet magnetic
Effect be parallel relationship, it essentially eliminates influence of the armature-reaction to Operating Point of Permanent Magnet, it is to avoid permanent magnet is not
Reversible demagnetization so that the armature supply and load capacity of motor can be very high.
The operation logic of double winding bearing-free flux switch permanent magnet motor of the present invention is as follows:
Using flux switch permanent magnet motor structure and the similitude of magnetic axis bearing structure, controlled using Power Electronic Technique and numeral
Technology processed, by the voltage and current in independent control direct torque winding and suspending power controling winding after decoupling, realizes rotation
Turn and suspension function is in one.
The back emf waveform of this motor obtained using finite element analysis as shown in Fig. 2 its approximate trapezoid ripple without
It is sine wave, so using the control mode of permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine, its electromagnetic torque produces principle and is conducted 3 with common 2
The permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine of the state of phase 6 is identical, can so reduce torque pulsation, improves power output, simplify control.And footpath
It is then similar to magnetic bearing suspension theory to power generation principle, i.e., by the electric current in independent control suspending power controling winding, there is mesh
Ground change the distribution of the main air-gap field produced by permanent magnet and intensity in original motor so that control action is on rotor
The size and Orientation of Maxwell force is to realize rotor suspension.
The cooperation of power inverter is also needed during double winding bearing-free flux switch permanent magnet motor operation of the present invention, according to rotor
Position, to corresponding stator winding electrifying, it is 6 phase full bridge structures that suspending windings, which are controlled with power inverter,.The knot of power inverter
Structure is as shown in Figure 3.The power tube of its each bridge arm uses Power-MOSFET.
Below by taking the pole structure double winding bearing-free flux switch permanent magnet motor of three-phase 6/4 as an example, illustrate its torque and radial direction
Suspending power produces principle.
Torque produces principle:Stator tooth pole center line is alignd as 0 ° of position of rotor using rotor tooth pole center line.Turn at one
In sub- pole span (90 ° of mechanical angle-correspondences, 360 ° of electrical angles), stator winding magnetic flux, counter electromotive force, curent change a cycle, because
Electric machine structure feature, its counter electromotive force approximate trapezoid ripple rather than sinusoidal waveform, it is adaptable to the control of permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine
Mode.Therefore the square wave current with counter electromotive force same-phase is passed through, stable torque can be produced.This control mode also simplify control
Algorithm processed.Meanwhile, because the winding magnetic linkage of this motor is ambipolar, so with higher torque output capability.Its A phase around
The change waveform of counter electromotive force and electric current of the group in a rotor cycle is as shown in Figure 4.The counter electromotive force and current wave of B, C phase
Shape and A are similar but phase differs 120 ° and 240 ° of electrical angles respectively.
Radial suspension force produces principle:By taking the energization of suspending power controling winding two-phase as an example, basic air-gap field is main by forever
Magnet is set up, when being passed through the electric current in direction as shown in Figure 5 in A phase windings, the close increase of magnetic at air gap 1 and at air gap 2
Magnetic is close to be reduced, and not the causing not etc. of rotor tooth 1-1 ' both sides air gap flux density is produced along tooth pole center line Fr1The radial load in direction.Similarly,
When being passed through electric current as depicted in B phase windings, it can also be produced on rotor tooth 2-2 ' along tooth pole center line Fr2The footpath in direction
Xiang Li.Because in this rotor-position, rotor tooth pole is not relative with C phase windings, and the air gap under C phase windings is very big, C phase windings, which are powered, to be produced
Raw suspending power very little, so when C phase winding no powers.
By controlling the size and Orientation of electric current in two suspending power controling windings of A, B to produce required any direction
The suspension of rotor is realized with the controllable radial power of size.With the suspending power controling winding of the in good time switched conductive of rotation of rotor, just
Continuous radial suspension force can effectively be produced.
Although above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, invention has been described, and the invention is not limited in above-mentioned specific implementation
Mode, above-mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than restricted, and one of ordinary skill in the art is at this
Under the enlightenment of invention, without deviating from the spirit of the invention, many variations can also be made, these belong to the present invention's
Within protection.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of double winding bearing-free flux switch permanent magnet motor, including stator, rotor and winding, it is characterised in that
The stator and rotor are double-salient-pole structure, and with axial symmetry, stator core (30) and rotor core (50) are
Formed by silicon steel plate stacking;
The stator core (30) is made up of 6 U-shaped laminations, is embedded with what one piece of tangential alternating magnetized between the U-shaped lamination of each two
Permanent magnet (40), collectively constitutes a stator tooth;
The winding is centralized winding and is arranged on the stator tooth that the end of winding is smaller;The winding is divided into two sets,
Wherein, coil head and the tail sequential concatenation of a set of winding on two relative stator tooths of space, which connects together, constitutes a phase, so that
Form three-phase direct torque winding;Coil inverted sequence concatenation of the other set winding on two relative stator tooths of space is connected in
A phase is constituted together, the induced electromotive force in two coils is eliminated, so as to form suspending power controling winding;Adjacent permanent magnet
(40) polarity of sides adjacent is identical;Permanent magnet flux linkage, counter electromotive force and electric current in the winding are close to double polarity sine ripple
Type.
2. double winding bearing-free flux switch permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the permanent magnet (40)
The yoke portion of the stator core (30) is positioned over, stator permanent-magnet motor is formd.
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CN201710269340.8A CN107134866A (en) | 2017-04-24 | 2017-04-24 | Double winding bearing-free flux switch permanent magnet motor |
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CN201710269340.8A CN107134866A (en) | 2017-04-24 | 2017-04-24 | Double winding bearing-free flux switch permanent magnet motor |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109494954A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-19 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of multiphase axial-flux electric machine |
CN110518724A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-29 | 南京航空航天大学 | Stator permanent magnetic type non-bearing flake motor and its working method |
CN111342575A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-06-26 | 大连智鼎科技有限公司 | Permanent magnet motor |
CN112542903A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Three-phase hybrid excitation doubly salient motor structure |
CN111342575B (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2024-10-29 | 大连智鼎科技有限公司 | Permanent magnet motor |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH06113512A (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1994-04-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Ac polyphase electric rotating machine |
CN103199641A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-10 | 东南大学 | Stator permanent magnetic flux-switching bearing-free motor with U-shaped teeth |
CN103683564A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-03-26 | 南京信息工程大学 | Double-winding modular bearingless magnetic flux switching permanent magnet motor |
-
2017
- 2017-04-24 CN CN201710269340.8A patent/CN107134866A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH06113512A (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1994-04-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Ac polyphase electric rotating machine |
CN103199641A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-07-10 | 东南大学 | Stator permanent magnetic flux-switching bearing-free motor with U-shaped teeth |
CN103683564A (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-03-26 | 南京信息工程大学 | Double-winding modular bearingless magnetic flux switching permanent magnet motor |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109494954A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-03-19 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of multiphase axial-flux electric machine |
CN110518724A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-29 | 南京航空航天大学 | Stator permanent magnetic type non-bearing flake motor and its working method |
CN111342575A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-06-26 | 大连智鼎科技有限公司 | Permanent magnet motor |
CN111342575B (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2024-10-29 | 大连智鼎科技有限公司 | Permanent magnet motor |
CN112542903A (en) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-03-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | Three-phase hybrid excitation doubly salient motor structure |
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Application publication date: 20170905 |