CN107134805A - 一种光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测方法 - Google Patents

一种光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测方法 Download PDF

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CN107134805A
CN107134805A CN201710304746.5A CN201710304746A CN107134805A CN 107134805 A CN107134805 A CN 107134805A CN 201710304746 A CN201710304746 A CN 201710304746A CN 107134805 A CN107134805 A CN 107134805A
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李春来
张海宁
贾昆
孟可风
宋锐
王轩
杨立滨
杨军
李正曦
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Shenyang University of Technology
State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Co Ltd
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Shenyang University of Technology
State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Qinghai Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测方法,通过建立光储联合发电系统最大功率系数演化系统的时间序列,对时间序列测量数据进行蚁群神经网络处理,对光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测计算,得到光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测值。该方法能够根据监测参数对光储联合发电系统最大功率系数进行预测计算,根据计算结果实时地对光储联合发电系统及配电网进行控制,能够有效避免配电网系统因光储接入带来的电压等问题,显著提高配电网电力系统在光储联合系统接入后的可靠性与经济性。

Description

一种光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测方法
技术领域
本发明属于光伏发电技术领域,特别涉及一种光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测方法。
背景技术
电力系统中分布式光伏发电设备和储能设备组成了一个复杂的系统,如何根据分布式光储系统及配电网运行特点进行光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测评估,使每个光储联合发电系统能够安全、稳定、高效运行,以往光储联合发电系统最大功率系数计算方法的特点是忽略分布式光伏及光伏储能与配电网间的相互作用关系,由区域电网或光储联合发电系统内各个系统独立进行功率性分析,不能有效利用电网和分布式光伏发电运行数据资源,评估准确度和光伏利用效率不高。
有鉴于此,本发明提供一种光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测方法,以满足实际应用需要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是:为克服现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测方法,从而获得光储联合发电系统最大功率系数。
本发明所采用的技术方案是:一种光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤1:建立光储联合发电系统最大功率系数演化系统的时间序列:
在固定时间间隔对发电系统有功、发电系统无功、PM2.5、温度、辐照强度进行测量,光储输出功率最大值与输出功率测量值之差除以光储系统总容量作为光储联合发电系统最大功率系数,即:
则,在一系列时刻tpcp1,tpcp2,...,tpcpn,n为自然数,n=1,2,…,得到发电系统有功ppcp、发电系统无功qpcp、PM2.5pmp、辐照强度spcp、温度Tpcp测量数据序列:
步骤2:测量数据的蚁群神经网络处理:
步骤2.1:建立带有惩罚因子和约束函数目标函数:
ypcp=minfmb(pcpxi)+gcf(pcpxi)+rys(pcpxi) (2)
其中,式中pcpxi为优化变量,i=1,2,...,w5n),fmb(pcpxi)为目标函数,gcf(pcpxi)为目标函数的惩罚因子,rys(pcpxi)为目标函数的约束项,ypcp为待求的光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测值;
步骤2.2蚁群神经网络参数初始化:
将神经网络参数θi排序,并将所有参数θi设为非零随机值从而对参数进行初始化,形成集合Sθi,蚂蚁的数目定义为Num、蚁群从源点出发,每只蚂蚁从每个集合Sθi中选择一个元素,在所有集合中均选择一个元素后,该蚂蚁即到达了食物源,然后,每只蚂蚁按原路返回源点;
步骤2.3:状态转移概率的计算:
针对集合Sθi,任意蚂蚁根据如下概率公式选择第j个元素,直至全部蚂蚁达到食物源:
式中,下标i表示为当前蚂蚁能选择的元素,分别为i、j及i、s元素间的启发信息值,τi,j、τi,s为i、j及i、s两元素间的信息素浓度,B为启发因子;
步骤2.4:信息素更新:
采用全局异步信息素更新,在每一只蚂蚁选择某个节点后,该节点的信息素进行如下更新:
τi,j=(1-ρ)τi,j+ρ△τi,j (4)
式中,ρ为[0,1]区间上的可调参数,△τi,j按照如下公式计算:
式中,yi为神经网络实际输出值,为输出期望值;
步骤3:光储联合发电系统最大功率系数计算:
当蚁群算法的迭代次数达到设定最大迭代次数nmax,蚁群算法终止,得到神经网络参数最优值初始参数,当神经网络满足精度要求Γ后,得到ypcp即为光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测值。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明为光伏电网提供了一种光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测方法,对配电网及其内光储系统运行参数及气象环境参数进行实时监测,并根据监测参数对光储联合发电系统最大功率系数进行预测计算,根据计算结果实时地对光储联合发电系统及配电网进行控制,能够有效避免配电网系统因光储接入带来的电压等问题,显著提高配电网电力系统在光储联合系统接入后的可靠性与经济性。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的目标函数迭代运算图。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明,下面结合实施例进一步阐明本发明的内容,但本发明的内容不仅仅局限于下面的实施例。本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样在本申请所列权利要求书限定范围之内。
如图1所示,本发明实施例提供的一种光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤1:建立光储联合发电系统最大功率系数演化系统的时间序列:
在固定时间间隔对发电系统有功、发电系统无功、PM2.5、温度、辐照强度进行测量,光储输出功率最大值与输出功率测量值之差除以光储系统总容量作为光储联合发电系统最大功率系数,即:
则,在一系列时刻tpcp1,tpcp2,...,tpcpn,n为自然数,n=1,2,…,得到发电系统有功ppcp、发电系统无功qpcp、PM2.5pmp、辐照强度spcp、温度Tpcp测量数据序列:
步骤2:测量数据的蚁群神经网络处理:
步骤2.1:建立带有惩罚因子和约束函数目标函数:
ypcp=minfmb(pcpxi)+gcf(pcpxi)+rys(pcpxi) (2)
其中,式中pcpxi为优化变量,i=1,2,...,w5n),fmb(pcpxi)为目标函数,gcf(pcpxi)为目标函数的惩罚因子,rys(pcpxi)为目标函数的约束项,ypcp为待求的光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测值。
步骤2.2蚁群神经网络参数初始化:
将神经网络参数θi排序,并将所有参数θi设为非零随机值从而对参数进行初始化,形成集合Sθi,蚂蚁的数目定义为Num、蚁群从源点出发,每只蚂蚁从每个集合Sθi中选择一个元素,在所有集合中均选择一个元素后,该蚂蚁即到达了食物源,然后,每只蚂蚁按原路返回源点。
步骤2.3:状态转移概率的计算:
针对集合Sθi,任意蚂蚁根据如下概率公式选择第j个元素,直至全部蚂蚁达到食物源:
式中,下标i表示为当前蚂蚁能选择的元素,分别为i、j及i、s元素间的启发信息值,τi,j、τi,s为i、j及i、s两元素间的信息素浓度,B为启发因子。
在本实施例中,取B=0.9678。
步骤2.4:信息素更新:
采用全局异步信息素更新,在每一只蚂蚁选择某个节点后,该节点的信息素进行如下更新:
τi,j=(1-ρ)τi,j+ρ△τi,j (4)
式中,ρ为[0,1]区间上的可调参数。在本实施例中,τ0=0.7465,ρ=0.1156。
△τi,j按照如下公式计算:
式中,yi为神经网络实际输出值,为输出期望值。
步骤3:光储联合发电系统最大功率系数计算:
当蚁群算法的迭代次数达到设定最大迭代次数nmax=40000,蚁群算法终止,得到神经网络参数最优值初始参数,当神经网络满足精度要求Γ=0.001后,得到ypcp即为光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测值。
以上仅为本发明的实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,因此,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的权利要求范围之内。

Claims (1)

1.一种光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
步骤1:建立光储联合发电系统最大功率系数演化系统的时间序列:
在固定时间间隔对发电系统有功、发电系统无功、PM2.5、温度、辐照强度进行测量,光储输出功率最大值与输出功率测量值之差除以光储系统总容量作为光储联合发电系统最大功率系数,即:
则,在一系列时刻tpcp1,tpcp2,...,tpcpn,n为自然数,n=1,2,…,得到发电系统有功ppcp、发电系统无功qpcp、PM2.5pmp、辐照强度spcp、温度Tpcp测量数据序列:
<mrow> <mfenced open = "{" close = ""> <mtable> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>ppcp</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>ppcp</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>ppcp</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>qpcp</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>qpcp</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>qpcp</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>pmp</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>pmp</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>pmp</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>spcp</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>spcp</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>spcp</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> <mtr> <mtd> <mrow> <msub> <mi>Tpcp</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>Tpcp</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>,</mo> <mo>...</mo> <mo>,</mo> <msub> <mi>Tpcp</mi> <mi>n</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mtd> </mtr> </mtable> </mfenced> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
步骤2:测量数据的蚁群神经网络处理:
步骤2.1:建立带有惩罚因子和约束函数目标函数:
ypcp=minfmb(pcpxi)+gcf(pcpxi)+rys(pcpxi) (2)
其中,式中pcpxi为优化变量,i=1,2,...,w5n,fmb(pcpxi)为目标函数,gcf(pcpxi)为目标函数的惩罚因子,rys(pcpxi)为目标函数的约束项,ypcp为待求的光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测值;
步骤2.2蚁群神经网络参数初始化:
将神经网络参数θi排序,并将所有参数θi设为非零随机值从而对参数进行初始化,形成集合Sθi,蚂蚁的数目定义为Num、蚁群从源点出发,每只蚂蚁从每个集合Sθi中选择一个元素,在所有集合中均选择一个元素后,该蚂蚁即到达了食物源,然后,每只蚂蚁按原路返回源点;
步骤2.3:状态转移概率的计算:
针对集合Sθi,任意蚂蚁根据如下概率公式选择第j个元素,直至全部蚂蚁达到食物源:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>p</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;tau;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;eta;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> <mi>B</mi> </msubsup> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;Sigma;&amp;tau;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;eta;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>s</mi> </mrow> <mi>B</mi> </msubsup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>3</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow>
式中,下标i表示为当前蚂蚁能选择的元素,分别为i、j及i、s元素间的启发信息值,τi,j、τi,s为i、j及i、s两元素间的信息素浓度,B为启发因子;
步骤2.4:信息素更新:
采用全局异步信息素更新,在每一只蚂蚁选择某个节点后,该节点的信息素进行如下更新:
τi,j=(1-ρ)τi,j+ρ△τi,j (4)
式中,ρ为[0,1]区间上的可调参数,△τi,j按照如下公式计算:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;Delta;&amp;tau;</mi> <mrow> <mi>i</mi> <mo>,</mo> <mi>j</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mi>a</mi> <mi>x</mi> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>y</mi> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mover> <mi>y</mi> <mo>^</mo> </mover> <mi>i</mi> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>5</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> 1
式中,yi为神经网络实际输出值,为输出期望值;
步骤3:光储联合发电系统最大功率系数计算:
当蚁群算法的迭代次数达到设定最大迭代次数nmax,蚁群算法终止,得到神经网络参数最优值初始参数,当神经网络满足精度要求Γ后,得到ypcp即为光储联合发电系统最大功率系数预测值。
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