CN107133918A - A kind of method that optional position in three-dimensional scenic generates panorama sketch - Google Patents
A kind of method that optional position in three-dimensional scenic generates panorama sketch Download PDFInfo
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- CN107133918A CN107133918A CN201710313000.0A CN201710313000A CN107133918A CN 107133918 A CN107133918 A CN 107133918A CN 201710313000 A CN201710313000 A CN 201710313000A CN 107133918 A CN107133918 A CN 107133918A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T3/00—Geometric image transformation in the plane of the image
- G06T3/40—Scaling the whole image or part thereof
- G06T3/4038—Scaling the whole image or part thereof for image mosaicing, i.e. plane images composed of plane sub-images
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that three-dimensional scenic optional position generates panorama sketch, it in three-dimensional scenic by creating virtual camera, and the parameter for the virtual camera that standardizes, virtual camera renders 6 towards front, rear, left and right, top and bottom respectively and puts up figure, diameter of Spherical Volume is mapped to by cubic space again, that is, obtains required panorama sketch.The present invention is spliced without the identification of characteristic point, low for equipment requirements, can generate high-quality panorama sketch in the optional position quick (common PC ends, in the several seconds) of three-dimensional scenic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that optional position in three-dimensional scenic generates panorama sketch.
Background technology
Panorama sketch passes through the form, as far as possible multilist such as the expression meanses and drawing of wide-angle, photograph, video, threedimensional model
Reveal the environment of surrounding, so as to make one to produce certain feeling of immersion.
Panorama sketch with occupying little space, multi-platform support and propagates wide etc. excellent relative to three-dimensional scenic executable file
Point, existing panorama sketch producing method mainly has two kinds on the market now：One kind is by many camera lenses or single-lens multi-direction reality
Clap, plurality of pictures is stitched into one according to characteristic point, but this method is not suitable for virtual three-dimensional scene；Second is to pass through
Similar this kind of softwares of 3dMax are rendered, and point entirely spatially is mapped in a Zhang Quanjing figure, but render process complexity,
Requirement to rendering apparatus is high, and time-consuming, generally requires to wait a few hours.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided one kind, the optional position in three-dimensional scenic is given birth to
Into the method for panorama sketch.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of method that optional position in three-dimensional scenic generates panorama sketch, comprises the following steps：
S1, create virtual camera in three-dimensional scenic, and point sets up right-handed coordinate system centered on virtual camera point O
O-XYZ, 90 ° are set to by the field of view angle of virtual camera level and vertical direction, direction direction-Z axis, and keep the angle of pitch and
Roll angle is 0 °；
What S2, setting rendered picture is shaped as square, and its length of side is w, by virtual camera be respectively facing-Z ,-X ,+Z ,+
X ,+Y and -Y direction respectively render a pictures, to obtain the six views of current location；
S3, centered on virtual camera point O, spheroid and cube are set up respectively, radius of sphericity is set as 1, cube
The body length of side is 2, and cubical each side is parallel to X, Y, Z axis；
S4, the coordinate for calculating sphere arbitrfary point P, calculate line OP according to sphere arbitrfary point P coordinate and intersect with cube
Point Pc coordinate；
The width of panorama sketch needed for S5, setting and height, spheric coordinate system is mapped to by the pixel on panorama sketch one by one
In, obtain mapping point of the panoramic picture vegetarian refreshments in spheric coordinate system；
S6, in the panorama sketch of W*H pixel, each pixel p is circulated respectively by width, short transverse, according to
The coordinate of mapping point and Pc point of the panorama sketch into spheric coordinate system determines corresponding sample graph and sample coordinate；According to adopting
Color of the point in sample graph corresponding to sample coordinate determines the color of pixel p in panorama sketch, panorama sketch needed for obtaining.
Further, in step S4, the angle for making line OP and YOZ planes is θ, around Y-axis be rotated clockwise for
It is positive；The line OP and XOZ plane included angles are made to beP is in y-axis positive axis angular separation for just.
Further, in step S4, sphere arbitrfary point P (xp,yp,zp) B is projected as in plane XOZ, line OB hands over ball
Face is in point A, if M, N are the point on OZ axles, line AM and BN parallel to X-axis, then byAM=
AO*sin θ and AO=1 can be obtainedByOM=AO*cos θ andIt can obtainThen sphere arbitrfary point P coordinate is
OPc and OP is conllinear, then hasThen joining Pc (xpc, ypc, zpc)
Coordinate be
Sphere arbitrfary point P coordinate and joining Pc coordinate take positive and negative values according to its position in coordinate system O-XYZ.
Further, in step S5, the width of panorama sketch, as W, is highly H needed for setting, then any point p on panorama sketch
(x, y) is in the coordinate value of spheric coordinate system
Further, in step S6, the determination mode of each sample graph and its sample coordinate is as follows,
WhenAndWhen, ball
Panorama sketch on body is sampled in rearview, and sample coordinate is：
WhenAndWhen, on spheroid
Panorama sketch is sampled in left view, and sample coordinate is：
WhenAndWhen, ball
Panorama sketch on body is sampled in front view, and sample coordinate is：
WhenAndWhen, spheroid
On panorama sketch sampled in right view, sample coordinate is：
WhenAndWhen, spheroid
On panorama sketch sampled in top view, sample coordinate is：
WhenAndWhen, spheroid
On panorama sketch sampled in bottom view, sample coordinate is:
Further, in step S6, when the point corresponding to sample coordinate is placed exactly on the pixel q of sample graph, pixel
Point p takes pixel q color, otherwise, takes the neighbor interpolation color or closest color of sample coordinate corresponding points.
After adopting the above technical scheme, the present invention has the following advantages that compared with background technology：Independent of rendering intent
Or system, front, rear, left and right, top and bottom six are only rendered by the virtual camera for parameter of standardizing and puts up figure (environment reflects
Penetrate), without complicated feature extraction, identification and suture, cubic space is directly over to the mapping of diameter of Spherical Volume, you can three
The optional position quick (common PC ends, in the several seconds) for tieing up scene generates high-quality panorama sketch.The present invention is applicable not only in real time
Render, it is equally applicable in offline render.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present invention modeling schematic diagram；
The six views that Fig. 2 is rendered for virtual camera of the present invention, wherein, Fig. 2 a are the front view rendered towards -Z direction, figure
2b is the left view rendered towards -X direction；Fig. 2 c are the rearview rendered towards +Z direction；Fig. 2 d are to be regarded towards the right side that +X direction is rendered
Figure；Fig. 2 e are the top view rendered towards +Y direction；Fig. 2 f are the bottom view rendered towards -Y direction；
Fig. 3 be width be W, the textures expanded view that is highly H panorama sketch on spheroid；
Fig. 4 is is seen by O point court+Z-directions, cubical apex coordinate and rearview mapping coordinates；
The panorama sketch that Fig. 5 obtains for the six views that are rendered using Fig. 2 as input.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Embodiment
A kind of method that optional position in three-dimensional scenic generates panorama sketch, comprises the following steps：
S1, as shown in figure 1, create virtual camera in three-dimensional scenic, and put and set up centered on virtual camera point O
Right-handed coordinate system O-XYZ, the suitable far and near cutting of selection, the field of view angle of virtual camera level and vertical direction is set to
90 °, direction direction-Z axis, and keep the angle of pitch and roll angle to be 0 °.
What S2, setting rendered picture is shaped as square, and its length of side is w, by virtual camera be respectively facing-Z ,-X ,+Z ,+
X ,+Y and -Y direction respectively render a pictures, to obtain the six views of current location.
First, a pictures are rendered towards -Z direction, obtains the front view of current location；Around 90 degree of Y-axis rotate counterclockwise,
A pictures are rendered towards -X direction, left view is obtained；It is rotated by 90 ° again counterclockwise around Y-axis, a pictures is rendered towards +Z direction,
Obtain rearview；It is rotated by 90 ° again counterclockwise around Y-axis, renders a pictures towards +X direction, obtain right view；It is inverse around Y-axis
Hour hands are rotated by 90 ° again, direction-Z axis, return to initial position, then around 90 degree of X-axis rotate counterclockwise, one is rendered towards +Y direction
Picture, obtains top view；180 degree is rotated again counterclockwise around X-axis, is rendered a pictures towards -Y direction, is obtained bottom view, obtains
Six views it is as shown in Figure 2.
S3, centered on virtual camera point O, set up spheroid and cube respectively, cubical each side parallel to X,
Y, Z axis.
Due to, line OP it is corresponding with cubical joining in some face of cube relative position (i.e. respectively with length,
Wide ratio) direction only with sphere arbitrfary point P in a coordinate system is relevant, unrelated with spheroid and cubical size, therefore, be
It is easy to calculate, sets the radius of spheroid as 1, the cube length of side is 2.
S4, the coordinate for calculating sphere arbitrfary point P, calculate line OP according to sphere arbitrfary point P coordinate and intersect with cube
Point Pc coordinate；
Because virtual camera gives tacit consent to direction-Z axis, as shown in figure 1, square C1C2C3C4 is rearview direction,
C5C6C7C8 is front view direction, in order that front view can be located at the center of panorama sketch, and panorama sketch is from left to right surround, and order connects
The angle of line OP and YOZ planes is θ, is rotated clockwise around Y-axis as forward direction；The angle of pitch and rolling due to virtual camera
Angle is 0, in order that panorama sketch from top to bottom tiles, and makes the line OP and XOZ plane included angles beP is in y-axis positive axis angular separation
For just.
As shown in figure 1, sphere arbitrfary point P (xp,yp,zp) B is projected as in plane XOZ, line OB hands over sphere in point A,
If M, N are the point on OZ axles, line AM and BN is parallel to X-axis, then it is θ to have ∠ BON, and ∠ POB are
Then by(similar triangles), AM=AO*sin θ and AO=1 (radius of sphericity) can
ByOM=AO*cos θ andIt can obtainThen sphere arbitrfary point P coordinate is
OPc and OP is conllinear, then hasThen joining Pc (xpc, ypc, zpc)
Coordinate be
Sphere arbitrfary point P coordinate and joining Pc coordinate take positive and negative values according to its position in coordinate system O-XYZ.
The width and height of panorama sketch needed for S5, setting, spheric coordinate system is mapped to by the pixel on panorama sketch one by one
In, obtain mapping point of the panoramic picture vegetarian refreshments in spheric coordinate system.
The width of panorama sketch, as W, is highly H needed for setting, the as shown in Fig. 3 spherical expansion of panorama sketch, vertical side
To for warp, horizontal direction is parallel, by abscissa [0, W]->[0,2 π], ordinate [0, H]->[+π ,-π's] is uniformly distributed
Mapping can be obtained one by one, and arbitrfary point p (x, y) arrives spheric coordinate system on panorama sketchMapping point be
S6, in the panorama sketch of W*H pixel, each pixel p is circulated respectively by width, short transverse, according to
The coordinate of mapping point and Pc point of the panorama sketch into spheric coordinate system determines corresponding sample graph and sample coordinate；According to adopting
Color of the point in sample graph corresponding to sample coordinate determines the color of pixel p in panorama sketch, panorama sketch needed for obtaining.
The determination mode of each sample graph and its sample coordinate is as follows,
WhenAndWhen, ball
Panorama sketch on body is sampled in rearview, and sample coordinate is：
WhenAndWhen, on spheroid
Panorama sketch is sampled in left view, and sample coordinate is：
WhenAndWhen, ball
Panorama sketch on body is sampled in front view, and sample coordinate is：
WhenAndWhen, on spheroid
Panorama sketch sampled in right view, sample coordinate is：
WhenAndWhen, spheroid
On panorama sketch sampled in top view, sample coordinate is：
WhenAndWhen, spheroid
On panorama sketch sampled in bottom view, sample coordinate is:
When point corresponding to sample coordinate is placed exactly on the pixel q of sample graph, pixel p takes pixel q face
Color, otherwise, takes the neighbor interpolation color or closest color of sample coordinate corresponding points.
The method that panoramic pictures are generated in the present invention is equally applicable to generate panoramic video, only need to be by multigroup picture of generation
Connect into sequence frame.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
It should all be included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with scope of the claims
It is defined.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method that optional position in three-dimensional scenic generates panorama sketch, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1, create virtual camera in three-dimensional scenic, and point sets up right-handed coordinate system O- centered on virtual camera point O
XYZ, 90 ° are set to by the field of view angle of virtual camera level and vertical direction, direction direction-Z axis, and are kept the angle of pitch and turned over
Roll angle is 0 °；
What S2, setting rendered picture is shaped as square, and its length of side is w, and virtual camera is respectively facing into-Z ,-X ,+Z ,+X ,+Y
And -Y direction respectively renders a pictures, to obtain the six views of current location；
S3, centered on virtual camera point O, spheroid and cube are set up respectively, radius of sphericity is set as 1, cube side
A length of 2, cubical each side is parallel to X, Y, Z axis；
S4, the coordinate for calculating sphere arbitrfary point P, line OP and cube joining Pc is calculated according to sphere arbitrfary point P coordinate
Coordinate；
The width of panorama sketch needed for S5, setting and height, the pixel on panorama sketch is mapped in spheric coordinate system one by one, obtained
Obtain mapping point of the panoramic picture vegetarian refreshments in spheric coordinate system；
S6, in the panorama sketch of W*H pixel, each pixel p is circulated respectively by width, short transverse, according to panorama
The coordinate of mapping point and Pc point of the figure into spheric coordinate system determines corresponding sample graph and sample coordinate；Sat according to sampling
Color of the corresponding point of mark in sample graph determines the color of pixel p in panorama sketch, panorama sketch needed for obtaining.
2. the method that a kind of optional position in three-dimensional scenic according to claim 1 generates panorama sketch, it is characterised in that：
In step S4, it is θ to make line OP and the angle of YOZ planes, is rotated clockwise around Y-axis as forward direction；Make line OP and XOZ
Plane included angle isP is in y-axis positive axis angular separation for just.
3. the method that a kind of optional position in three-dimensional scenic according to claim 2 generates panorama sketch, it is characterised in that：
In step S4, sphere arbitrfary point P (xp,yp,zp) B is projected as in plane XOZ, line OB hands over sphere in point A, if M, N are OZ
Point on axle, line AM and BN parallel to X-axis, then byAM=AO*sin θ and AO=1 can be obtainedByOM=AO*cos θ andIt can obtainThen sphere arbitrfary point P coordinate is
OPc and OP is conllinear, then hasThen joining Pc (xpc, ypc, zpc) coordinate
For
Sphere arbitrfary point P coordinate and joining Pc coordinate take positive and negative values according to its position in coordinate system O-XYZ.
4. the method that a kind of optional position in three-dimensional scenic according to claim 3 generates panorama sketch, it is characterised in that：
In step S5, set needed for panorama sketch width as W, be highly H, then on panorama sketch any point p (x, y) in spheric coordinate system
Coordinate value be
5. the method that a kind of optional position in three-dimensional scenic according to claim 4 generates panorama sketch, it is characterised in that：
In step S6, the determination mode of each sample graph and its sample coordinate is as follows,
WhenAndWhen, on spheroid
Panorama sketch sampled in rearview, sample coordinate is：
WhenAndWhen, the panorama on spheroid
Figure is sampled in left view, and sample coordinate is：
WhenAndWhen, on spheroid
Panorama sketch sampled in front view, sample coordinate is：
WhenAndWhen, it is complete on spheroid
Scape figure is sampled in right view, and sample coordinate is：
WhenAndWhen, on spheroid
Panorama sketch is sampled in top view, and sample coordinate is：
WhenAndWhen, on spheroid
Panorama sketch is sampled in bottom view, and sample coordinate is:
6. the method that a kind of optional position in three-dimensional scenic according to claim 1 generates panorama sketch, it is characterised in that：
In step S6, when the point corresponding to sample coordinate is placed exactly on the pixel q of sample graph, pixel p takes pixel q face
Color, otherwise, takes the neighbor interpolation color or closest color of sample coordinate corresponding points.
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| CN107888894A (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2018-04-06 | 浙江零跑科技有限公司 | A kind of solid is vehicle-mounted to look around method, system and vehicle-mounted control device |
| CN108074281A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-25 | 北京奇艺世纪科技有限公司 | Pyramid panorama sketch model generating method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
| WO2018121333A1 (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-05 | 艾迪普（北京）文化科技股份有限公司 | Real-time generation method for 360-degree vr panoramic graphic image and video |
| CN108765269A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-06 | 广州梦映动漫网络科技有限公司 | A kind of generation method and electronic equipment of panorama caricature |
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| CN110933395A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-03-27 | 中科院微电子研究所昆山分所 | 720-degree panoramic stereo environment mapping method and related device |
| CN114612621A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-06-10 | 武汉大势智慧科技有限公司 | Panorama generation method and system based on three-dimensional tilt model |
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| CN108074281A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-25 | 北京奇艺世纪科技有限公司 | Pyramid panorama sketch model generating method and device, storage medium and electronic equipment |
| CN108074281B (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2021-10-15 | 北京奇艺世纪科技有限公司 | Pyramid panorama model generation method and device, storage medium and electronic device |
| CN108765269A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-06 | 广州梦映动漫网络科技有限公司 | A kind of generation method and electronic equipment of panorama caricature |
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| CN108960288B (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2021-05-04 | 山东师范大学 | Three-dimensional model classification method and system based on convolutional neural network |
| CN109741404A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-05-10 | 奥本未来(北京)科技有限责任公司 | A kind of mobile device-based optical field acquisition method |
| CN110933395A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-03-27 | 中科院微电子研究所昆山分所 | 720-degree panoramic stereo environment mapping method and related device |
| CN114612621A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-06-10 | 武汉大势智慧科技有限公司 | Panorama generation method and system based on three-dimensional tilt model |
| CN115209121A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-10-18 | 江苏龙威中科技术有限公司 | Full-range simulation system and method with intelligent integration function |
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