CN107133435A - UF6The construction method of the airborne release accident emergency evaluation model of facility - Google Patents

UF6The construction method of the airborne release accident emergency evaluation model of facility Download PDF

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CN107133435A
CN107133435A CN201610108867.8A CN201610108867A CN107133435A CN 107133435 A CN107133435 A CN 107133435A CN 201610108867 A CN201610108867 A CN 201610108867A CN 107133435 A CN107133435 A CN 107133435A
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mrow
msub
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孙树堂
张建岗
李国强
冯宗洋
贾林胜
汤荣耀
杨亚鹏
徐潇潇
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China Institute for Radiation Protection
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Abstract

The present invention constructs a kind of UF6The airborne release accident emergency evaluation model of facility, including control volume submodel, chemistry and heating power sub-model, segmentation diffusion submodel.Control volume submodel main analog UF6Gas characteristic again, chemistry with heating power sub-model main analog UF6Chemical reaction in diffusion process and again gas are diffused calculating to neutral (or positive buoyancy) gas transition, segmentation diffusion submodel mainly for gas again and neutral (or positive buoyancy) two stages of gas.Pass through UF6The hydrolysis of gas, traditional model of gas again and Gauss model are organically combined, UF is more accurately simulated6The diffusion of gas.

Description

UF6Construction method of facility airborne release accident emergency evaluation model
Technical Field
The invention relates to the research of a gas diffusion model, in particular to UF6A method for constructing a facility airborne release accident emergency evaluation model.
Background
UF for past decades, both domestically and abroad6A great deal of simulation and experimental research has been done on the consequences of a leak accident. For UF6The diffusion of the specific physicochemical properties is mostly simulated by adopting a heavy gas model or a Gaussian model at present.
Gases whose density is greater than the density of the ambient air through which they diffuse are known as heavy gases. The main heavy gas models include a tank model, a shallow layer model, a three-dimensional fluid mechanics model, a chain model and the like. The box model assumes that the heavy gas cloud is an upright collapsed cylinder with an initial height equal to half the initial radius, and ambient air enters from the edge or top of the cloud. According to the radial spreading velocity equation of the collapsed cylinder, applying the energy conservation and mass conservation equations to obtain the radius calculation formula of the heavy gas cloud cluster at any moment:
wherein, the radius of the heavy gas cloud at the r-t moment, m; r is0-initial radius of the heavy gas cloud, m; rho0Initial density of heavy gas cloud, kg/m3；ρaDensity of air, kg/m3；V0Initial volume of heavy gas cloud, m3(ii) a t-time after the start of the leak, s.
The Gaussian model is a non-heavy gas model, comprises a Gaussian plume model and a Gaussian plume model, and is suitable for passive diffusion of neutral (or positive buoyancy) gas. Gaussian plume model:
in the formula: concentration of dangerous substances in chi-qi cloud, kg/m3(ii) a H-leakage source effective height, m; q-source leakage rate, kg/s; u-wind speed, m/s; t-time after leak, s; sigmay-diffusion coefficient in y-direction, m; sigmaz-diffusion coefficient in z direction, m.
For UF6The gas, which has a high density at the initial stage of release, is a heavy gas and gradually changes to a neutral (or floating) gas as the air enters and the chemical reaction is completed. Therefore, it is difficult to treat UF with a simple heavy gas model or a simple Gaussian model6The gas diffusion behavior was accurately simulated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for simulating UF more accurately aiming at the defects of the prior art6UF of gas diffusion6A method for constructing a facility airborne release accident emergency evaluation model.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: UF (ultra filtration factor)6The construction method of the facility airborne release accident emergency evaluation model comprises the following steps:
(1) with UF6Leak Rate and Density definition UF6Initial control body, establishing control body model, determining UF6Initial control of initial thickness and initial width of body, and based on UF6Determining UF at any time, assuming cloud is upright collapsed cylinder6Control body width, thickness and air ingress UF6The rate of (d);
(2) according to UF6With entry into UF6Controlling the chemical reaction of the water of the body, establishing chemical and thermodynamic submodels, based on entering UF6The assumption that all the water in the control body is reacted, and UF at any position downstream is judged6The amount of the reaction involved, determining UF6A node for gas transition from heavy gas to neutral gas;
(3) establishing a segmented diffusion submodel in two stages, the first stage calculating UF6The diffusion parameter when present, and the second stage calculates the diffusion parameter of the neutral gas.
Further, UF as described above6The construction method of the facility airborne release accident emergency evaluation model comprises the following steps of (1):
UF6initial cross-sectional area of control body:
in the formula: a. theUF6—UF6Cross sectional area of control body, m2；
Q’UF6—UF6Mass leakage rate, kg/s;
ρUF6vgaseous UF6Density, kg/m3；
u-1 m wind speed, m/s;
the initial cross-sectional area of the control body is the product of the initial width and the initial thickness, and the change of the width of the control body is as follows:
in the formula: w is aUF6—UF6Width of the control body, m;
k-sedimentation coefficient, dimensionless, theoretical value ofTaking a smaller value to describe the surface resistance or adjust the model, wherein the value of the current model is 1.3;
g-gravitational acceleration;
t-time after the start of leakage, s;
ρairair Density, kg/m3；
HUF6—UF6Thickness of the control body, m;
considering high pressure UF6The gas will expand in volume due to the pressure reduction, so the control body at 1s is defined as the initial control body, the initial thickness and initial width are:
in the formula: hUF6c—UF6The initial thickness of the control body, m;
wUF6c—UF6the initial width of the control body, m;
suppose UF6Cloud is upright collapsed cylinder, UF at any time6The width of the control body is as follows:
at an arbitrary timing UF6The thickness of the control body is as follows:
air intake UF6The rates of (a) and (b) are:
in the formula: vairAir entry volume rate, m3/s；
ue-air entry rate, m/s;
air entry rate ueThe value of (c):
in the formula: u. of*-friction speed of atmospheric turbulence, m/s;
ρUF6vgaseous UF6Density, kg/m3。
Further, UF as described above6The construction method of the facility airborne release accident emergency evaluation model comprises the following steps of (2):
assuming that air, water vapor and HF are ideal gases, a compression factor Z is used to describe UF6Deviation from ideal gas:
in the formula: T-UF6Temperature, deg.C;
p-pressure, kPa;
gaseous UF6The density of (A) is:
wherein R is the ideal gas constant;
MW—UF6relative molecular mass;
water vapor in entrained air per unit time and into UF6Control body rainfall determination UF6The amount of water available for the chemical reaction is:
mH2O＝ρH2Ov·Vair+3.6×105Pr·wUF6·u·Δt·ρH2Ol
in the formula: m isH2O—UF6The amount of water available for the chemical reaction, kg;
Δ t — duration of rainfall, s;
ρH2Ovdensity of water vapour in air, kg/m3；
VairVolume of air entering the plume, m3；
Pr is the rainfall rate, mm/h;
ρH2Oldensity of liquid water, kg/m3；
Suppose to enter UF6The water of the control body takes part in the reaction and passes through mH2OCan calculate UF taking part in reaction at any position in downwind direction6Amount of (H)2O and UF6The mass ratio of full reaction is about 1: 9.78) to determine if complete reaction has occurred by comparison with leakage, and thus UF6Whether the gas is converted from a heavy gas to a neutral gas.
Further, UF as described above6The construction method of the facility airborne release accident emergency evaluation model comprises the following steps in step (3):
if there is unreacted UF6Presence of, HF and UO2F2Normalization concentration:
wherein,H＝Δht+1.5σz+h；
x/Q' is HF and UO2F2Normalized concentration, x is HF and UO2F2Concentration of (g/m)3) Q' is UF6HF and UO corresponding after Release2F2The release rate (kg/s);
y is the lateral distance;
σyis a lateral diffusion parameter;
σzis a vertical diffusion parameter;
h is the actual release height;
delta ht is the lifting height of the smoke plume;
UF6complete conversion to HF and UO2F2After, wUF6Is a constant whose value is equal to the width of the control body when the reaction is complete, HF and UO2F2Normalization concentration:
wherein,z is the height of the receptor.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: UF used in the invention6The chemical reaction with water vapor is an entry point, the transition node of heavy gas to neutral gas (or positive buoyancy) is judged, and UF is simulated in sections6And (4) gas diffusion. The model was run through UF6The hydrolysis reaction of the gas organically combines the traditional heavy gas model and the Gaussian model, thereby being capable of simulating UF more accurately6Diffusion of the gas.
Detailed Description
The invention constructs a new simulated UF6Models of diffusion include control model, chemical and thermodynamic models, and segmental diffusion models.
The model assumes that: UF6The smoke plume is released near the ground; UF6Leak Rate and Density definition UF6An initial control volume; UF6Determining the deformation of the control volume; air passing only UF6Surface entry and side entrainment were negligible over the control volume because the surface area would be much larger than the side area after a few seconds of leakage; the water vapor entering the smoke plume completely participates in the reaction; UF6The plume elevation only takes into account the thermal elevation due to the hydrolysis reaction.
(1) Control body model
UF6Leak Rate and Density definition UF6Initial control body, the size of which will directly influence UF6The chemical reaction of (1). Initial cross-sectional area of control body:
in the formula: a. theUF6—UF6Cross sectional area of control body, m2；
Q’UF6—UF6Mass leakage rate, kg/s;
ρUF6vgaseous UF6Density, kg/m3；
u-1 m wind speed, m/s.
UF6The initial cross-sectional area of the control body is the product of the initial width and the initial thickness, and the change of the width of the control body is as follows:
in the formula: w is aUF6—UF6Width of the control body, m;
k-sedimentation coefficient, dimensionless, theoretical value ofTaking a smaller value to describe the surface resistance or adjust the model, wherein the value of the current model is 1.3;
g-gravitational acceleration;
t-time after the start of leakage, s;
ρairair Density, kg/m3；
HUF6—UF6Thickness of the control body, m;
considering high pressure UF6The gas will expand in volume due to the pressure drop, so the 1s control is defined as UF6Initial control body, initial thickness and initial width:
suppose UF6Cloud is upright collapsed cylinder, UF at any time6Controlling the width of the body:
at an arbitrary timing UF6Controlling the thickness of the body:
air intake UF6The rate of (c):
in the formula: vairAir entry volume rate, m3/s；
ue-air entry rate, m/s;
air entry rate ueThe value of (c):
in the formula: u. of*-friction speed of atmospheric turbulence, m/s;
ρUF6vgaseous UF6Density, kg/m3。
(2) Chemical and thermodynamic submodels
Assuming air, water vapor and HF are ideal gases, a compression factor is used to describe UF6Deviation from the ideal gas.
In the formula: T-UF6Gas temperature, deg.C;
p-pressure, kPa;
gaseous UF6Density of (2):
wherein R is the ideal gas constant;
MW—UF6relative molecular mass;
water vapor in entrained air per unit time and into UF6Control volume precipitation determination UF6Amount of water available for chemical reaction:
mH2O＝ρH2Ov·Vair+3.6×105Pr·wUF6·u·Δt·ρH2Ol(11)
in the formula: m isH2O—UF6The amount of water available for chemical reaction, kg;
Δ t — duration of rainfall, s;
ρH2Ovdensity of water vapour in air, kg/m3；
VairVolume of air entering the plume, m3；
Pr is the rainfall rate, mm/h;
ρH2Oldensity of liquid water, kg/m3。
Assuming that all water entering the control body participates in the reaction, the water passes through mH2OCan calculate UF taking part in reaction at downwind direction x6Amount of (H)2O and UF6The mass ratio of full reaction is about 1: 9.78) to determine if complete reaction has occurred by comparison with leakage, and thus UF6Whether the gas is converted from a heavy gas to a neutral (or positive buoyancy) gas.
(3) Segmental diffusion submodel
The diffusion submodel is divided into two stages: first stage, UF is counted6Diffusion when present; second stage, calculating neutral (or positive buoyancy)) And (4) gas diffusion.
Provided there is unreacted UF6Presence of, HF and UO2F2Normalization concentration:
wherein,H＝Δht+1.5σz+h；
x/Q' is HF and UO2F2Normalized concentration, x is HF and UO2F2Concentration of (g/m)3) Q' is UF6HF and UO corresponding after Release2F2The release rate (kg/s);
y is the lateral distance;
σyis a lateral diffusion parameter;
σzis a vertical diffusion parameter;
h is the actual release height;
and delta ht is the lifting height of the smoke plume.
UF6Complete conversion to HF and UO2F2After, HF and UO2F2Normalization concentration:
wherein,z is the height of the receptor.
W in the formula (13)UF6Is constant and has a value equal to the width of the control volume at which the reaction completely takes place.
(4) Model validation
1986-1989, the French government made three UFs in Bordeaux6In the release experiment, the actual release height is 3.15m, the average release rate is about 4.8kg/min, and the uranium concentration at the height of 1m is monitored at different distances. The main meteorological data of the three tests are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 France Bordeaux triester experiment Main Meteorological data
And (3) performing simulation calculation according to historical experiment parameters, wherein the calculated value and the experimental value of the concentration of the soluble uranium are shown in a table 2.
Table 2 model calculations of soluble uranium concentration versus experimental measurements in table units: mg/m3
Compared with the experimental measurement values, the calculated value of the model is closer to the three experimental measurement values, the P/O is between 0.5 and 2, and the model is suitable for UF6And analyzing the consequences of the leakage accident.
Based on the results of three experiments, error analysis was performed, as shown in Table 3.
Table 3 table for analyzing and comparing simulation results of total uranium concentration of two models
Note that FB is the mean fractional deviation, MG is the geometric mean deviation, VG is the geometric mean variance, and NMSE is the normalized variance.
As can be seen from table 3, it is,the simulation result of the newly constructed model has better reliability and can be used for constructing UF6And (4) evaluating the model of the leakage consequence near-source field.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (4)

1. UF (ultra filtration factor)6The construction method of the facility airborne release accident emergency evaluation model comprises the following steps:
(1) with UF6Leak Rate and Density definition UF6Initial control body, establishing control body model, determining UF6Initial control of initial thickness and initial width of body, and based on UF6Determining UF at any time, assuming cloud is upright collapsed cylinder6Control body width, thickness and air ingress UF6The rate of (d);
(2) according to UF6And enterInto UF6Controlling the chemical reaction of the water of the body, establishing chemical and thermodynamic submodels, based on entering UF6The assumption that all the water in the control body is reacted, and UF at any position downstream is judged6The amount of the reaction involved, determining UF6A node for gas transition from heavy gas to neutral gas;
(3) establishing a segmented diffusion submodel in two stages, the first stage calculating UF6The diffusion parameter when present, and the second stage calculates the diffusion parameter of the neutral gas.
2. The UF of claim 16The construction method of the facility airborne release accident emergency evaluation model is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (1), the control model is as follows:
UF6initial cross-sectional area of control body:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <msup> <mi>Q</mi> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> </msup> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mi>u</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
in the formula: a. theUF6—UF6Cross sectional area of control body, m2；
Q’UF6—UF6Mass leakage rate, kg/s;
ρUF6vgaseous UF6Density, kg/m3；
u-1 m wind speed, m/s;
the initial cross-sectional area of the control body is the product of the initial width and the initial thickness, and the change of the width of the control body is as follows:
<mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>dw</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mi>g</mi> <mfrac> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> </mrow>
in the formula: w is aUF6—UF6Width of the control body, m;
k is a sedimentation coefficient and is dimensionless;
g-gravitational acceleration;
t-time after the start of leakage, s;
ρairair Density, kg/m3；
HUF6—UF6Thickness of the control body, m;
considering high pressure UF6The gas will expand in volume due to the pressure reduction, so the control body at 1s is defined as the initial control body, the initial thickness and initial width are:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msqrt> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&amp;times;</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>k</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mi>g</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </msqrt> </mrow>
<mrow> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow>
in the formula: hUF6c—UF6The initial thickness of the control body, m;
wUF6c—UF6the initial width of the control body, m;
suppose UF6Cloud is upright collapsed cylinder, UF at any time6The width of the control body is as follows:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>&amp;times;</mo> <msup> <mrow> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>w</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> <mi>c</mi> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mi>t</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <msqrt> <mrow> <mi>g</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mi>&amp;pi;</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <msup> <mi>Q</mi> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> </msup> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </mrow> </msqrt> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow>
at an arbitrary timing UF6The thickness of the control body is as follows:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>H</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mn>4</mn> <mo>&amp;times;</mo> <msqrt> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <msup> <mi>Q</mi> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> </msup> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mfrac> </msqrt> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>u</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>&amp;pi;</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <msubsup> <mi>w</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
air intake UF6The rates of (a) and (b) are:
<mrow> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>dV</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mi>e</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>w</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mi>u</mi> </mrow>
in the formula: vairAir entry volume rate, m3/s；
ue-air entry rate, m/s;
air entry rate ueThe value of (c):
<mrow> <msub> <mi>u</mi> <mi>e</mi> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msub> <msubsup> <mi>u</mi> <mo>*</mo> <mn>3</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>a</mi> <mi>i</mi> <mi>r</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>)</mo> <msub> <mi>gH</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
in the formula: u. of*-friction speed of atmospheric turbulence, m/s;
ρUF6vgaseous UF6Density, kg/m3。
3. The UF of claim 1 or 26The construction method of the facility airborne release accident emergency evaluation model is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (2), the chemical and thermodynamic submodels are as follows:
assuming that air, water vapor and HF are ideal gases, a compression factor Z is used to describe UF6Deviation from ideal gas:
<mrow> <mi>Z</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1.8</mn> <mi>T</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>572.69</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1.8</mn> <mi>T</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>572.69</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>3</mn> </msup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>4.892</mn> <mo>+</mo> <msup> <mn>10</mn> <mn>5</mn> </msup> <mi>P</mi> <mo>/</mo> <mn>6.896</mn> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
in the formula: T-UF6Temperature, deg.C;
p-pressure, kPa;
gaseous UF6The density of (A) is:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;rho;</mi> <mrow> <mi>U</mi> <mi>F</mi> <mn>6</mn> <mi>v</mi> </mrow> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>M</mi> <mi>W</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mi>P</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mi>Z</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mi>R</mi> <mo>&amp;CenterDot;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>1.8</mn> <mi>T</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mn>572.69</mn> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow>
wherein R is the ideal gas constant;
MW—UF6relative molecular mass;
water vapor in entrained air per unit time and into UF6Control body rainfall determination UF6The amount of water available for the chemical reaction is:
mH2O＝ρH2Ov·Vair+3.6×105Pr·wUF6·u·Δt·ρH2Ol
in the formula: m isH2O—UF6The amount of water available for the chemical reaction, kg;
Δ t — duration of rainfall, s;
ρH2Ovdensity of water vapour in air, kg/m3；
VairVolume of air entering the plume, m3；
Pr is the rainfall rate, mm/h;
ρH2Oldensity of liquid water, kg/m3；
Suppose to enter UF6The water of the control body takes part in the reaction and passes through mH2OCan calculate UF taking part in reaction at any position in downwind direction6The amount of (d) is compared with the leakage amount to determine whether the reaction has been completed, thereby determining UF6Whether the gas is converted from a heavy gas to a neutral gas.
4. The UF of claim 36The construction method of the facility airborne release accident emergency evaluation model is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the step (3), the segment diffusion submodel is as follows:
first stage, if there is unreacted UF6Presence of, HF and UO2F2Normalization concentration:
<mrow> <mfrac> <mi>x</mi> <msup> <mi>Q</mi> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> </msup> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mi>&amp;pi;</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mrow> <mn>3</mn> <mo>/</mo> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> <msub> <mi>u&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mi>y</mi> </msub> <mi>H</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> <mi>exp</mi> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mi>y</mi> <msub> <mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mi>y</mi> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> </mrow>
wherein < mrow < msub > < mi > y </mi > < msub > < mo </mo > < mo </mi >2</mn > < msub > +/mo < msup > < msow > mhow < mo > (/ mo < msub > < msmu > < msw < msuf > < mn >4 mn </mn > < muf > < mn </mo > < muf > < mmu >2 </mW </mN > < mN </mN > < mW </mi > < mFr > < mMi > < mUF > < mN </mN > < mW </mN > < mW > < mUF > < mN </mN > < mN </mW > < mN </m >2 </mW > < mN </m >2</m >2</m [ mo ]/[ mo ] < mn 2 ] </mrow ] </msup > < mo ], [ mo ] < mrow > H ═ Δ ht +1.5 σ z + H;
x/Q' is HF and UO2F2Normalized concentration, x is HF and UO2F2In a concentration of (D), Q' is UF6HF and UO corresponding after Release2F2The release rate of (c);
y is the lateral distance;
σyis a lateral diffusion parameter;
σzis a vertical diffusion parameter;
h is the actual release height;
delta ht is the lifting height of the smoke plume;
second stage, UF6Complete conversion to HF and UO2F2After, wUF6Is a constant whose value is equal to the width of the control body when the reaction is complete, HF and UO2F2Normalization concentration:
<mrow> <mfrac> <mi>x</mi> <msup> <mi>Q</mi> <mo>&amp;prime;</mo> </msup> </mfrac> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mrow> <msub> <mi>&amp;pi;u&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mi>y</mi> </msub> <msub> <mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mi>z</mi> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mi>exp</mi> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <mn>1</mn> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mfrac> <mi>y</mi> <msub> <mi>&amp;Sigma;</mi> <mi>y</mi> </msub> </mfrac> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>{</mo> <mi>exp</mi> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>z</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>+</mo> <mi>exp</mi> <mo>&amp;lsqb;</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mfrac> <msup> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>z</mi> <mo>+</mo> <mi>H</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </msup> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <msubsup> <mi>&amp;sigma;</mi> <mi>z</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msubsup> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>&amp;rsqb;</mo> <mo>}</mo> <mo>.</mo> </mrow>
wherein < mrow > < mi < z > < msub > < mo > = < mo > msup < mo > < mo < mi > z </mi > < mi > z < mn >2</mn > < mo > + </mo > msup < mo > < mo > msup < ms > < mo > < m > m < m > H </mi > < mn < 2</mn >/m < m >2</m < m >2 m < m > m < m >2 m < m > m < m >2 m < m > m < m >2 m < m > m < m >2 m < m > m < m >2 m < mo, </mo > </mrow > z is the acceptor height. 4
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