CN107131022B - Variable valve timing device - Google Patents
Variable valve timing device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107131022B CN107131022B CN201710253694.3A CN201710253694A CN107131022B CN 107131022 B CN107131022 B CN 107131022B CN 201710253694 A CN201710253694 A CN 201710253694A CN 107131022 B CN107131022 B CN 107131022B
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sleeve
- variable valve
- valve timing
- steel ball
- shell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RDYMFSUJUZBWLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N endosulfan Chemical compound C12COS(=O)OCC2C2(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1(Cl)C2(Cl)Cl RDYMFSUJUZBWLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
- F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
- F01L1/34413—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using composite camshafts, e.g. with cams being able to move relative to the camshaft
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a variable valve timing device, comprising: the shell is internally provided with a cylindrical closed cavity, and the inner wall of the shell is provided with a linear groove extending along the axial direction; the shell is driven by an engine crankshaft to rotate; the sleeve is cylindrical and is arranged in the shell, the sleeve is fixedly connected with the air inlet cam shaft in a coaxial way, two ends of the circumferential outer side wall of the sleeve are respectively provided with oil inlet holes, and the two oil inlet holes are respectively communicated with two oil channels on the air inlet cam shaft; the circumferential outer side wall of the sleeve is provided with a curved groove which extends along the axial direction and twists along the circumferential direction; the steel ball retainer is in a circular ring shape, the inner side surface of the steel ball retainer is attached to the outer side surface of the sleeve, and the outer side surface of the steel ball retainer is attached to the inner side surface of the shell; the steel ball retainer is provided with steel balls capable of rolling, and the steel balls are respectively attached to the linear groove and the curved groove.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile valves, and particularly relates to a variable valve timing device.
Background
The variable valve timing technology of an engine is an important technology in the current automobile engine. The early opening and closing of the engine inlet valve promotes the increase of the valve overlap angle, thereby improving the exhaust effect, improving the volumetric efficiency and being beneficial to improving the fuel economy of the low-rotation-speed working section of the engine and the torque output of the high-torque working section. The intake valve of the engine is opened and closed at night, the inertia of air flow is fully utilized, the charging efficiency is improved, and the guarantee is provided for the high-rotation speed and high-power working section of the engine. The variable valve timing technology realizes the optimal valve timing by changing the early opening or late closing of the intake valve and the exhaust valve of the engine, better considers the economy and the dynamic property of the engine at low speed and high speed, improves the exhaust emission of the engine and can ensure the dynamic property of the engine.
Devices based on variable valve timing technology of an engine are more various, and a vane rotor type cam phaser is most common.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of complex structure and large occupied space of the traditional variable valve device and provides a variable valve timing device with a compact structure.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a variable valve timing apparatus comprising:
the shell is internally provided with a cylindrical closed cavity, and the inner wall of the shell is provided with a linear groove extending along the axial direction; the shell is driven by an engine crankshaft to rotate;
the sleeve is cylindrical and is arranged in the shell, the sleeve is fixedly connected with the air inlet cam shaft in a coaxial way, two ends of the circumferential outer side wall of the sleeve are respectively provided with oil inlet holes, and the two oil inlet holes are respectively communicated with two oil channels on the air inlet cam shaft; the circumferential outer side wall of the sleeve is provided with a curved groove which extends along the axial direction and twists along the circumferential direction;
the steel ball retainer is in a circular ring shape, the inner side surface of the steel ball retainer is attached to the outer side surface of the sleeve, and the outer side surface of the steel ball retainer is attached to the inner side surface of the shell; the steel ball retainer is provided with steel balls capable of rolling, and the steel balls are respectively attached to the arc-shaped groove walls of the linear groove and the curve groove.
Preferably, one end of the housing is fixedly connected with an air inlet pulley, and the air inlet pulley is meshed with the timing belt.
Preferably, one end of the housing is fixedly connected with an air inlet sprocket, and the air inlet sprocket is meshed with the timing chain.
It is preferred that the composition of the present invention,
the number of the linear grooves is 8, and the linear grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
the number of the curve grooves is 8, and the curve grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
the steel balls on the steel ball retainer are 8, and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
Preferably, the curved groove is twisted 45 ° in the circumferential direction.
Preferably, sealing rings are respectively arranged at two ends of the sleeve, and check rings are arranged outside the sealing rings.
Preferably, the sleeve and the intake camshaft are fixed in an interference fit manner.
Preferably, the shell comprises a body and sealing covers with two detachable ends, and the sealing covers are fixed on the shell body through screws.
Preferably, the steel balls and the steel ball retainer are assembled by heat.
Preferably, the intake camshaft extends out from one end of the housing.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the variable valve timing device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and good stability. The device can be conveniently assembled at one end of an air inlet and outlet cam shaft of the engine to realize continuous variable valve timing of the air inlet and outlet, and effectively solves the problems of fuel consumption, power output and the like of the engine. Therefore, the variable valve timing device designed by the invention has important practical significance and application prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall assembly structure of a variable valve timing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the overall outline structure of the variable valve timing apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a housing structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a sleeve structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the internal components of the housing according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the steel ball retainer according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a timing chart of variation in intake valve displacement achieved by the variable valve timing apparatus according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention by referring to the description.
The invention provides an engine variable valve timing device based on belt or chain transmission, which is used for realizing early opening or late closing of an intake valve and an exhaust valve, so that the valve opening time is always in an ideal state along with the change of the working condition of an engine, thereby meeting the optimal distribution requirements of the engine under different working conditions.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
as shown in fig. 1, the timing belt 110 is driven by the engine crankshaft, the timing belt 110 drives the intake pulley 120 and the exhaust pulley 130 to rotate, the exhaust pulley 130 is fixedly connected with the exhaust camshaft 140 coaxially, and the exhaust pulley 130 drives the exhaust camshaft 140 to rotate. The intake pulley 120 rotates the intake camshaft 150 by a variable valve timing apparatus 200, and the variable valve timing apparatus 200 can adjust the phase of the intake camshaft 150 to realize valve timing.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the variable valve timing apparatus 200 includes a housing 210, and the housing 210 is a hollow cylinder with two ends open. The air intake pulley 120 is fixed to one end of the housing 210. On the inner wall of the housing 210, 8 linear grooves 211 are provided, and each linear groove 211 has a structural size identical. The linear grooves 211 extend along the axial direction of the housing 210, the linear grooves 211 penetrate through both ends of the housing 210, and the 8 linear grooves 211 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. The inner surface of the straight groove 211 is arc-shaped.
As shown in fig. 4, a sleeve 220 is disposed in the housing 210, the sleeve 220 is coaxially fixed to the left end of the intake camshaft 150, and the sleeve 220 is assembled with the intake camshaft 150 in an interference fit manner. The intake camshaft 150 is provided with a first oil supply hole 151 and a second oil supply hole 152, two ends of a circumferential side wall of the sleeve 220 are respectively provided with a third oil supply hole 221 and a fourth oil supply hole 222, the first oil supply hole 151 and the third oil supply hole 221 are communicated with an oil passage inside the intake camshaft 150 and the sleeve 220, and the second oil supply hole 152 and the fourth oil supply hole 222 are communicated with the oil passage inside the intake camshaft 150 and the sleeve 220.
The circumferential outer side wall of the sleeve 220 is provided with 8 curved grooves 223, the curved grooves 223 penetrate through two ends of the sleeve 220, the curved grooves 223 extend along the axial direction and twist circumferentially, and the circumferential angle of the twist can be enlarged or reduced according to the changing requirement of the engine valve timing. As a preferred, the circumferential angle of the torsion of the curved groove 223 is 45 °. The 8 curved grooves 223 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the inner surface of the curved groove 223 is circular arc-shaped.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, two ends of the sleeve 220 are respectively provided with a sealing ring 224, outer sides of the two sealing rings 224 are respectively provided with a check ring 225, through holes for the intake camshaft 150 to pass through are respectively formed in the middle parts of the sealing rings 224 and the check rings 225, and after assembly, the sealing rings 224 and the check rings 225 and the intake camshaft 150 keep relative rotation. The first sealing cover 230 and the second sealing cover 240 are respectively covered at both ends of the housing 210, and are fixed to the end surface of the housing 210 by screws 231. A through hole is provided in the middle of the first sealing cover 230 so that the intake camshaft 150 can pass therethrough. A sealed oil storage cavity is formed between the housing 210 and the sleeve 220 by the first sealing cover 230, the second sealing cover 240, the sealing ring 224 and the retainer ring 225. The seal ring 224 and the retainer ring 225 not only can seal the oil in the cavity, but also can support the housing 210.
Referring to fig. 6, an annular steel ball holder 250 is disposed between the housing 210 and the sleeve 220, 8 steel balls 251 are uniformly assembled on the circumference of the annular steel ball holder 250, the steel balls 251 and the steel ball holder 250 can be assembled through a hot assembling process, and the assembled steel balls 251 can rotate in the steel ball holder 250. The 8 steel balls 251 are respectively matched with the 8 curved grooves 223 and the 8 straight grooves 211. The middle 1/3 part of the steel ball 251 is assembled in the steel ball retainer 250, the 1/3 part positioned at the inner side of the steel ball retainer 250 is completely jointed with the inner surface of the curved groove 223, and the 1/3 part positioned at the outer side of the steel ball retainer 250 is completely jointed with the inner surface of the linear groove 211. The inner surface of the ball cage 250 is fitted to the outer surface of the sleeve 220, and the outer surface of the ball cage 250 is fitted to the inner surface of the housing 210. Therefore, the oil storage cavity between the housing 210 and the sleeve 220 is divided into two independent closed oil chambers by the steel ball retainer 250 and the steel ball 251, that is, the third oil supply hole 221 is located in the right oil chamber, and the fourth oil supply hole 222 is located in the left oil chamber. The oil volume in the left and right oil chambers is replenished through the third oil supply hole 221 and the fourth oil supply hole 222, and the size of the oil chamber is changed by controlling the oil volume and the oil pressure in the two oil chambers through the engine ECU.
The steel ball retainer 250 is capable of sliding left and right by controlling the oil quantity and the oil pressure change in the left and right oil cavities through the engine ECU. The initial position enables the steel ball retainer 250 to be positioned at the middle position and keep static, and the oil pressure in the left oil cavity and the oil pressure in the right oil cavity are equal. When the oil amount and the oil pressure in the left oil chamber are increased by the inflow of the second oil supply hole 152 and the fourth oil supply hole 222, the oil pushes the steel ball holder 250 at the middle position to slide to the right according to the track of the linear groove 211 and the curved groove 223 corresponding to the steel ball 251, and the oil in the right oil chamber is caused to flow back into the corresponding oil storage chamber control chamber through the third oil supply hole 221 and the first oil supply hole 151. The sliding distance of the steel ball retainer 250 is realized by controlling the oil liquid and the oil pressure change in the left oil cavity and the right oil cavity by the ECU of the engine.
In order to reduce the gap flow effect generated by the oil in the oil cavity when the steel ball retainer 250 and the steel balls 251 thereof slide between the inner wall of the shell 210 and the outer wall of the sleeve 220, an oil ring, a sealing ring and the like can be added on the steel ball retainer 250 to reduce the gap flow effect of the oil. Meanwhile, the sizes of the oil passage apertures corresponding to the third oil supply hole 221 and the fourth oil supply hole 222 are optimized to meet the oil pressure change requirement, so that the gap flow effect generated when the steel ball retainer 250 slides is negligible relative to the oil supply of the oil passage.
Since the linear grooves 211 and the curved grooves 223 corresponding to the steel balls 251 are arranged in a crossing manner, when the steel balls 251 on the steel ball retainer 250 slide left and right along the linear grooves 211 and the curved grooves 223, the crossing positions of the linear grooves 211 and the curved grooves 223 change at any time, so that the relative rotation between the casing 210 and the sleeve 220 is promoted. Because the housing 210 rotates synchronously with the engine air inlet pulley 120, the sliding of the steel balls 251 can only change the position of the curved groove 223 relative to the linear groove 211, so that the sleeve 220 rotates relative to the housing 210 by a circumferential angle corresponding to the sliding of the steel balls 120 through the curved groove 223. The intake camshaft 150 rotates through the same angle with the sleeve 220, i.e., to achieve variable valve timing of the engine valve system.
Referring to the rotation direction of the air intake pulley 120 shown in fig. 1, when the steel ball holder 250 moves to the right end by the oil pressure, the sleeve 220 rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the air intake pulley 120 by an angle equal to the circumferential angle corresponding to the steel balls 251 sliding over the curved groove 223 due to the structural restriction of the steel balls 251 and the curved groove 223. At this time, the intake camshaft 150 lags behind a certain rotation angle relative to the intake pulley 120, that is, the phase of the intake cam lags behind, so that the intake valve can be opened and closed in a delayed manner, the charging efficiency is improved, and a guarantee is provided for a high-rotation speed and high-power working section of the engine.
When the ball holder 250 moves to the left end by the oil pressure, the sleeve 220 rotates at an angle in the same direction as the rotation of the air intake pulley 120. At this time, the intake camshaft 150 advances by a certain rotation angle relative to the intake pulley 120, that is, advances the phase of the intake cam, so that the intake valve can be opened and closed in advance, the valve overlap angle is increased, and the exhaust effect is improved, which is helpful for improving the fuel economy of the low-rotation-speed working section of the engine and the torque output of the high-torque working section.
The engine ECU changes the circumferential angle corresponding to the sliding of the steel balls 251 in the curved grooves 223 on the steel ball retainer 250 by controlling the oil quantity and the oil pressure change of the oil in the oil cavities at two sides according to the real-time vehicle speed, the engine rotation speed, the rotation angle of the belt wheel or the chain wheel relative to the cam shaft and the like detected by different sensors, and adjusts the valve overlap size required by the engine under different working conditions in real time, so as to realize the continuous variable valve timing.
The variable valve timing apparatus 200 achieves retard or advance of the intake camshaft cam phase by controlling the left-right slip of the annular ball retainer 250, the corresponding intake valve displacement variation timing curve of which is shown in fig. 7.
In another embodiment, the timing belt 110 may be replaced with a drive chain, with the intake pulley 120 and the exhaust pulley 130 replaced with sprockets, respectively.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the details and embodiments shown and described, it is well suited to various fields of use for which the invention would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and accordingly, the invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A variable valve timing apparatus, characterized by comprising:
the shell is internally provided with a cylindrical closed cavity, and the inner wall of the shell is provided with a linear groove extending along the axial direction; the shell is driven by an engine crankshaft to rotate;
the sleeve is cylindrical and is arranged in the shell, the sleeve is fixedly connected with the air inlet cam shaft in a coaxial way, two ends of the circumferential outer side wall of the sleeve are respectively provided with oil inlet holes, and the two oil inlet holes are respectively communicated with two oil channels on the air inlet cam shaft; the circumferential outer side wall of the sleeve is provided with a curved groove which extends along the axial direction and twists along the circumferential direction;
the steel ball retainer is in a circular ring shape, the inner side surface of the steel ball retainer is attached to the outer side surface of the sleeve, and the outer side surface of the steel ball retainer is attached to the inner side surface of the shell; the steel ball retainer is provided with steel balls capable of rolling, and the steel balls are respectively attached to the arc-shaped groove walls of the linear groove and the curve groove;
the timing belt is driven by the engine crankshaft, and drives the exhaust belt wheel to rotate, and the exhaust belt wheel is fixedly connected with the exhaust camshaft in a coaxial way.
2. The variable valve timing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein one end of the housing is fixedly connected to an intake pulley, the intake pulley being engaged with a timing belt.
3. The variable valve timing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein one end of the housing is fixedly connected to an intake sprocket, and the intake sprocket is meshed with a timing chain.
4. The variable valve timing apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that,
the number of the linear grooves is 8, and the linear grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
the number of the curve grooves is 8, and the curve grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
the steel balls on the steel ball retainer are 8, and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction.
5. The variable valve timing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that the curved groove is twisted 45 ° in the circumferential direction.
6. The variable valve timing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the sleeve are provided with seal rings, respectively, and a retainer ring is provided outside the seal rings.
7. The variable valve timing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sleeve is fixed with the intake camshaft by an interference fit.
8. The variable valve timing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the housing includes a body and seal covers detachable at both ends, the seal covers being fixed to the housing body by screws.
9. The variable valve timing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the steel ball and the steel ball holder are heat-assembled.
10. The variable valve timing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the intake camshaft protrudes from one end of the housing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710253694.3A CN107131022B (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2017-04-18 | Variable valve timing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710253694.3A CN107131022B (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2017-04-18 | Variable valve timing device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107131022A CN107131022A (en) | 2017-09-05 |
| CN107131022B true CN107131022B (en) | 2023-12-22 |
Family
ID=59716596
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710253694.3A Active CN107131022B (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2017-04-18 | Variable valve timing device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107131022B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107939469B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2024-02-13 | 辽宁工业大学 | Continuously variable valve timing driving device and control method |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6250267B1 (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2001-06-26 | Mechadyne Plc | Rolling element phaser |
| DE102009010384A1 (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2010-09-02 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Adjusting device for e.g. valve camshaft, of valve-train assembly of internal-combustion engine, has inner tap-like shaped parts cooperating with chamfered section on part of shaft in relation to outer tap-like shaped parts |
| CN103850743A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-11 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Variable valve timing driving device |
| CN206625877U (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-11-10 | 辽宁工业大学 | A kind of variable valve timing apparatus |
-
2017
- 2017-04-18 CN CN201710253694.3A patent/CN107131022B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6250267B1 (en) * | 1999-02-18 | 2001-06-26 | Mechadyne Plc | Rolling element phaser |
| DE102009010384A1 (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2010-09-02 | Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg | Adjusting device for e.g. valve camshaft, of valve-train assembly of internal-combustion engine, has inner tap-like shaped parts cooperating with chamfered section on part of shaft in relation to outer tap-like shaped parts |
| CN103850743A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-11 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Variable valve timing driving device |
| CN206625877U (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2017-11-10 | 辽宁工业大学 | A kind of variable valve timing apparatus |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN107131022A (en) | 2017-09-05 |
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