CN107130002B - Method for preparing methane by enhancing anaerobic fermentation of seaweed through coupling of electric field and microwave - Google Patents
Method for preparing methane by enhancing anaerobic fermentation of seaweed through coupling of electric field and microwave Download PDFInfo
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- CN107130002B CN107130002B CN201710363553.7A CN201710363553A CN107130002B CN 107130002 B CN107130002 B CN 107130002B CN 201710363553 A CN201710363553 A CN 201710363553A CN 107130002 B CN107130002 B CN 107130002B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing methane by enhancing anaerobic fermentation of seaweed through electric field and microwave coupling, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting seaweed, pretreating, and adding water or other solutions to obtain seaweed mixed solution; (2) taking the seaweed mixed solution in the step (1), performing microwave pretreatment, and then performing heating pretreatment; (3) and (3) performing anaerobic fermentation treatment on the seaweed mixed liquor subjected to microwave pretreatment and heating pretreatment in the step (2) under the action of a direct current electric field and microwaves, generating methane in the anaerobic fermentation process, and collecting the generated methane. The method realizes the high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation of the seaweed to produce methane through the coupling action of a weak electric field and microwaves, and has high fermentation speed and high system operation efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of seaweed resource treatment, and particularly relates to a method for preparing methane by reinforcing seaweed anaerobic fermentation through electric field and microwave coupling.
Background
The world energy demand is continuously increased, however, a series of problems such as excessive development and utilization of non-renewable fuels such as petroleum and coal lead to global problems such as energy shortage and environmental pollution. Under the new energy form, all countries in the world begin to focus on the fields of new energy and renewable energy, biomass energy is the safest and most stable energy, and all countries in the world set a series of encouragement and stimulation policies for the biological energy industry. As one of effective ways for relieving three crises of 'food, energy and environment' faced by China at present, the anaerobic fermentation technology has attracted much attention. The anaerobic fermentation technology is an effective way for biomass energy regeneration and resource utilization. People begin to excavate and utilize anaerobic digestion technology as early as thousands of years ago, and at present, in the scientific and rapid development of biological anaerobic technology, from the current market, no matter small anaerobic technology equipment or large-scale industrialized anaerobic technology equipment, the requirements of meeting and maintaining biological anaerobic technology environment and biological growth to the utmost extent are followed. For example, biological anaerobiosis requires oxygen-free and technically attempts to achieve containment. The biological anaerobism requires temperature, and the heating is tried in the aspects of process and technology. The biological anaerobes need to flow into each other and are technically and technically managed to be agitated. The biological anaerobic process needs to increase strains, and the artificial culture of the strains for adding or activating the sludge reflux is tried on the process and the technology, so as to retain the strains. The anaerobic fermentation technology is an effective method for converting biomass resources into energy methane and high-quality organic fertilizers in a multi-level manner.
Compared with terrestrial energy crops, the seaweed has three advantages as a biomass raw material for preparing methane by anaerobic fermentation. Firstly, the algae photosynthesis efficiency is high, the growth is rapid and the biomass yield is high, which is 9 times of that of corn. Secondly, the seaweed is used as aquatic organisms, and the large-scale culture does not occupy valuable cultivated land area. In addition, the seaweed component rarely contains the lignocellulosic structure which is abundantly present in terrestrial higher plants, and is relatively easily hydrolyzed and fermented to produce hydrogen and methane. Thus, seaweed is a biomass feedstock with potential for large-scale energy-generation applications.
For biomass material such as seaweed, it is necessary to first perform a physical or chemical treatment to make it a more suitable material for anaerobic bioconversion. The tail liquid after the anaerobic fermentation of the seaweed contains a large amount of small molecular organic matters such as acetic acid, butyric acid, ethanol and the like, and the tail liquid is directly discharged without being treated, so that energy loss and environmental pollution are caused. Aiming at the reaction characteristics of the anaerobic fermentation of the seaweed raw material, a corresponding pretreatment method needs to be researched to solve the problem of seaweed degradation and conversion and improve the yield of the biomethane.
Increasingly, there is a close link between electrical field stimulation and microbial engineering. Related researches relate to the influence of electric field stimulation on various aspects such as cell growth, metabolism, enzyme activity, cell membrane permeability and the like, are widely applied to industries such as environment, biochemical engineering and the like, provide a new technology for the field of biological engineering, and promote the development of the biochemical engineering and the electric field technology. Various microorganisms which have various types, large quantities and different functions and can decompose organic matters to generate methane inhabit the methane tank. When weak current is used to excite the electrode reaction, the growth and metabolism of microbial cells can be stimulated, and a promoting effect is generated. Meanwhile, research results show that the microwave treatment can improve the release amount of the fermentable sugar; the non-thermal effect has the function of improving the enzyme yield of the thalli or promoting the activity of the enzyme; the vibration effect of the microwave is beneficial to the release of newly generated gas on the surface of the seaweed, and indirectly increases the fermentable area. Therefore, the microwave coupling electric field reinforced anaerobic fermentation technology has the advantages of high fermentation speed, high system operation efficiency and the like, and the key for realizing the high-efficiency methane production by the anaerobic fermentation is how to achieve the rapid and stable methane fermentation under the coupling action of the electric field and the microwaves.
Therefore, the method for preparing methane by fermentation by exploring the efficient comprehensive utilization of the seaweed can realize the efficient graded utilization of biomass components, greatly improve the gas production rate and the energy conversion efficiency, and has important significance in realizing the resource utilization from the engineering perspective.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preparing methane by enhancing the anaerobic fermentation of seaweed through the coupling of an electric field and microwaves.
The first technical problem of the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions: a method for preparing methane by enhancing the anaerobic fermentation of seaweed through electric field and microwave coupling comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting seaweed, pretreating, and adding water or other solutions to obtain seaweed mixed solution;
(2) taking the seaweed mixed solution in the step (1), performing microwave pretreatment, and then performing heating pretreatment;
(3) and (3) performing anaerobic fermentation treatment on the seaweed mixed liquor subjected to microwave pretreatment and heating pretreatment in the step (2) under the action of a direct current electric field and microwaves, generating methane in the anaerobic fermentation process, and collecting the generated methane.
In the method for preparing methane by enhancing the anaerobic fermentation of the seaweed through the coupling of the electric field and the microwaves:
the seaweed in the step (1) is preferably one or more of Enteromorpha prolifera, gulfweed, kelp, Hizikia fusiforme, laver and gracilaria.
The pretreatment in the step (1) comprises natural airing, drying to constant weight and crushing, wherein the length of the crushed seaweed is preferably 2-40 mm.
In the step (1), the ratio of the seaweed to the water or the other solution is preferably 1: 1-20 by mass, the other solution is preferably sludge, the water content of the sludge is preferably 75-80%, or the other solution is preferably protease, or the other solution is preferably a chemical solution, the chemical solution is preferably sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or urea, and the mass percentage of the chemical solution is preferably 0.5-98%.
During microwave pretreatment in the step (2), the microwave radiation frequency is 2450MHz, the power is preferably 150-850W, and the treatment time is preferably 10-200 min.
The microwave pretreatment of the seaweed can effectively increase the additional value of the seaweed and improve the economic benefit of seaweed exploitation and utilization. This is because the non-thermal effect of microwaves can loosen the crystal structure of the seaweed, making the fermentable components more readily available. Namely, the microwave treatment of the seaweed can effectively increase and improve the release amount of the fermentable sugar and indirectly increase the fermentable area.
In the step (2), the heating pretreatment is preferably carried out at 50-150 ℃ for 40-150 min.
In the step (3), when the seaweed mixed solution subjected to microwave pretreatment and heating pretreatment in the step (2) is subjected to anaerobic fermentation treatment under the action of a direct current electric field and microwaves and under stirring conditions, the temperature during anaerobic fermentation treatment is preferably 30-150 ℃, more preferably 45-55 ℃, and the anaerobic fermentation time is preferably 3-14 days.
And (3) when the seaweed mixed solution subjected to microwave pretreatment and heating pretreatment in the step (2) is subjected to anaerobic fermentation treatment under the action of a direct current electric field and microwaves and under a stirring condition, the anaerobic fermentation treatment is carried out in an anaerobic fermentation container, wherein the anaerobic fermentation container is internally provided with two electrode polar plates, a direct current power supply connected with the two electrode polar plates through leads, a microwave generator and a microwave energy output column connected with the microwave generator, the voltage of the direct current power supply is 0.2-2.5V, the radiation power of the microwave generator is preferably 0.1-100000W, more preferably 0.1-800W, and the radiation time is preferably 0.1-600 min.
In the step (3), when the seaweed mixed liquor subjected to microwave pretreatment and heating pretreatment in the step (2) is subjected to anaerobic fermentation treatment under the action of a direct current electric field and microwaves and under stirring conditions, the treatment is carried out in an anaerobic fermentation container, the addition amount of the seaweed mixed liquor is preferably 60-75% of the total volume of the anaerobic fermentation container, more preferably 75%, and nitrogen is firstly used for blowing air out of the anaerobic fermentation container before the anaerobic fermentation treatment.
When weak current is used to excite the electrode reaction, the growth and metabolism of microbial cells can be stimulated, and a promoting effect is generated. The invention can promote the fermentation reaction by actively influencing the growth and reproduction, metabolism, enzyme activity and cell membrane permeability of the fermentation microorganism through a weak electric field, thereby realizing the high-efficiency anaerobic fermentation of the seaweed to produce the methane.
The steps (1) to (3) need stirring, and the stirring speed is preferably 25 to 450 rmp.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the method provided by the invention for carrying out microwave pretreatment on the seaweed solid substance not only improves the dehydration performance of the biological solid substance, but also reduces the moisture content of the seaweed, improves the dehydration effect of the liquefied substance on the seaweed, and activates the internal structure of the seaweed to be loose;
(2) the method effectively applies electric energy to the seaweed biomass anaerobic fermentation, realizes the energy supplement in the anaerobic environment, activates microorganisms, promotes the rapid growth of the microorganisms, accelerates the rapid decomposition of seaweed molecules, excites the internal energy of the substances, plays a role in applying work by using energy, and simultaneously increases the release amount of fermentable sugar by coupling the action of microwaves; the vibration effect of the microwave is also beneficial to the release of the gas on the surface of the seaweed, and the fermentable area is indirectly increased; the method provided by the invention improves the treatment efficiency of the whole system, improves the gas production efficiency of the anaerobic fermentation of the seaweed, stabilizes the gas production rate and has low energy consumption;
(3) the method can shorten the anaerobic starting time of the seaweed, improve the total gas production amount of the seaweed by anaerobic digestion and promote the resource utilization of the seaweed;
(4) the system provided by the invention not only has high treatment efficiency, but also has compact structure, is matched with each other to operate and runs stably;
(5) therefore, the method organically combines the technologies of electric field reinforced anaerobic fermentation, microwave radiation reinforced wall breaking and the like, realizes the combination of a physical and chemical reinforced treatment technology and a microbial treatment technology, really realizes the high-efficiency utilization of an organic substrate, and improves the operation stability of the whole system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of the method for preparing methane by enhancing the anaerobic fermentation of algae through the coupling of an electric field and microwaves, wherein the reference numbers in the flow chart indicate that: 1-a seaweed storage tank, 2-a stirring rod, 3-a motor, 4-a pump, 5-a microwave treatment generator, 6-a pretreatment tank, 7-an anaerobic fermentation tank, 8-a temperature sensing probe, 9-a temperature controller, 10-a heating pipe, 11-a direct current power supply, 12-a valve, 13-a slag discharge port, 14-a methane collection tank, 15-a methane outlet, 16-an electrode plate, 17-a microwave generator and 18-a microwave energy output column.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The method for preparing methane by enhancing the anaerobic fermentation of seaweed through the coupling of the electric field and the microwaves, which is provided by the embodiment, comprises the following steps:
(1) naturally drying Sargassum (herba Zosterae Marinae, thallus Porphyrae) in the sun, oven drying to constant weight, pulverizing to 2mm, adding water at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1: 20.
(2) And then the pretreatment of the mixed seaweed liquid is to carry out microwave pretreatment and then heating pretreatment.
The microwave pretreatment adopts microwave radiation power of 850W and frequency of 2450MHz, and the treatment time is 85 min.
And heating for pretreatment after microwave pretreatment. The heat treatment temperature is 150 deg.C, and the treatment time is 150 min.
(3) And (3) an anaerobic fermentation stage. The seaweed was transferred from the pretreatment tank to the anaerobic fermentor and the seaweed content in the anaerobic fermentor 7 was stabilized at 75% of the tank volume.
Wherein before the experiment, the air in the anaerobic fermentation tank is firstly purged by nitrogen, and the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation tank is controlled at 45 ℃ by a heating pipe. Two electrode plates and a direct current power supply are fixed in the anaerobic fermentation tank, a microwave energy output column and a microwave generator are also arranged in the anaerobic fermentation tank, the fermentation is carried out for 3 days under the action of a coupling electric field and microwaves in the process of the anaerobic fermentation of the seaweed, and the generated methane is collected.
The voltage of the direct current power supply is 2V, the radiation power of the microwave generator is 500W, and the radiation time is 30 min.
The produced gas mainly contains methane and carbon dioxide, wherein the concentration of the methane reaches 73.6%, and a small amount of hydrogen is detected in the gas.
The specific process is as follows:
as shown in FIG. 1, a mixture of seaweed and water or a chemical solution is poured into a seaweed tank 1, and the seaweed mixture in the seaweed tank 1 is transferred by a pump 4 to a microwave treatment generator 5 for microwave pretreatment of the seaweed. After microwave pretreatment, the mixture is conveyed into a pretreatment tank 6 through a pump 4 for heating pretreatment. The seaweed is fed from the pretreatment tank 6 via the pump 4 into the anaerobic fermentation tank 7. Stirring rods 2 are arranged in the seaweed storage tank 1, the pretreatment tank 6 and the anaerobic fermentation tank 7, and the stirring rods 2 are controlled by a motor 3. A temperature sensing probe 8, a heating pipe 10 and a temperature controller 9 are arranged in the anaerobic fermentation tank 7. The anaerobic fermentation tank 7 is provided with two fixed electrode plates 16 which are connected with two electrodes of a direct current power supply 11 fixed in the anaerobic fermentation tank through leads, and the current of the motor 3 is direct current. The microwave energy output column 18 emits microwaves from the top of the anaerobic fermentation tank 7, and the microwave energy output column 18 is controlled by a microwave generator 17. Gas generated in the fermentation process of the anaerobic fermentation tank 7, namely methane, is discharged from an upper exhaust port of the anaerobic fermentation tank 7 and is introduced into a methane collection tank 14. When the gas in the tank reaches a certain volume, the valve 12 is opened, and the gas is discharged and collected from the methane outlet 15. The liquid generated by the anaerobic fermentation tank 7 is discharged from the bottom of the anaerobic fermentation tank 7 through a slag discharging port 13 under the control of a valve.
The input voltage of the two electrodes in the anaerobic fermentation tank 7 is 0.2-2.5V.
The anaerobic fermentation tank 7 can adopt continuous feeding and discharging or intermittent feeding and discharging, and the feeding and discharging can be manually controlled by a valve.
Two electrode plates fixed in the anaerobic fermentation tank 7 are connected with two electrodes of a direct current power supply fixed in the anaerobic fermentation tank through leads, the two electrodes and a direct current output end form a power supply closed loop, and the area, the distance and the direct current of the two electrode plates are adjusted by the specific size of the anaerobic fermentation tank. The voltage range of the adjustable direct current input to the two electrodes is 0.2-2.5V.
The agitators in the seaweed storage tank, the pretreatment tank and the anaerobic fermentation tank all run continuously, and the stirring speed of the motor control system is 300 rmp.
Example 2
The method for preparing methane by enhancing the anaerobic fermentation of seaweed through the coupling of the electric field and the microwaves, which is provided by the embodiment, comprises the following steps:
(1) naturally airing and drying seaweed (sargassum fusiforme and enteromorpha clotrimifolia) to constant weight, then crushing the seaweed to 40mm, and adding a phosphoric acid solution with the mass percentage concentration of 0.5% into the seaweed at the mixing ratio of 1: 15.
(2) The mixed seaweed liquid is pretreated by microwave pretreatment and then is heated.
The microwave pretreatment adopts microwave radiation power of 150W and frequency of 2450MH, and the treatment time is 10 min.
And heating for pretreatment after microwave pretreatment. The heat treatment temperature is 50 deg.C, and the treatment time is 100 min.
(3) And (3) an anaerobic fermentation stage. The seaweed was transferred from the pretreatment tank to an anaerobic fermentation tank, where the seaweed content stabilized at 75% of the tank volume.
Wherein before the experiment, the air in the anaerobic fermentation tank is firstly purged by nitrogen, and the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation tank is controlled at 30 ℃ by a heating pipe. Two electrode plates and direct current are fixed in the anaerobic fermentation tank, a microwave energy output column and a microwave generator are also arranged in the anaerobic fermentation tank, the fermentation is carried out for 5 days under the action of coupling electric field and microwave in the process of the anaerobic fermentation of the seaweed, and the generated methane is collected.
The voltage of the direct current power supply is 1.5V, the radiation power of the microwave generator is 1000W, and the radiation time is 100 min.
The steps (1) to (3) require stirring at a rate of 250 rmp.
The produced gas mainly contains methane and carbon dioxide, wherein the concentration of the methane reaches 46.8 percent, and no hydrogen is detected in the gas.
Example 3
The method for preparing methane by enhancing the anaerobic fermentation of seaweed through the coupling of the electric field and the microwaves, which is provided by the embodiment, comprises the following steps:
(1) naturally airing and drying seaweed (sargassum) to constant weight, then crushing the seaweed to 25mm, and adding sludge with the mass water content of 80% in a mixing ratio of 1: 10.
(2) And (3) pretreating the mixed solution by microwave pretreatment and then heating pretreatment. The microwave pretreatment adopts microwave radiation power of 180W, microwave frequency of 2450MHz and treatment time of 100 min.
And heating for pretreatment after microwave pretreatment. The heat treatment temperature is 100 deg.C, and the treatment time is 50 min.
(3) And (3) an anaerobic fermentation stage. The seaweed was transferred from the pretreatment tank to an anaerobic fermentation tank, where the seaweed content stabilized at 75% of the tank volume.
Wherein before the experiment, the air in the anaerobic fermentation tank is firstly purged by nitrogen, and the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation tank is controlled at 55 ℃ by a heating pipe. Two electrode plates and direct current are fixed in the anaerobic fermentation tank, a microwave energy output column and a microwave generator are also arranged in the anaerobic fermentation tank, the fermentation is carried out for 8 days under the action of coupling electric field and microwave in the process of the anaerobic fermentation of the seaweed, and the generated methane is collected.
The voltage of the direct current power supply is 2.5V, the radiation power of the microwave generator is 10000W, and the radiation time is 10 min.
The steps (1) to (3) require stirring at a speed of 450 rmp.
The produced gas mainly contains methane and carbon dioxide, wherein the concentration of the methane reaches 75.1%, and a small amount of hydrogen is detected in the gas.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The objectives of the present invention can be achieved by the ordinary skilled person in the art according to the disclosure of the present invention and the ranges of the parameters.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing methane by enhancing the anaerobic fermentation of seaweed through electric field and microwave coupling is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting seaweed, pretreating, and adding water or other solutions to obtain seaweed mixed solution;
(2) taking the seaweed mixed solution in the step (1), performing microwave pretreatment, and then performing heating pretreatment;
(3) performing anaerobic fermentation treatment on the seaweed mixed solution subjected to microwave pretreatment and heating pretreatment in the step (2) under the action of a direct current electric field and microwaves, generating methane in the anaerobic fermentation process, and collecting the generated methane;
during microwave pretreatment in the step (2), the microwave radiation frequency is 2450MHz, the power is 150-850W, and the treatment time is 10-200 min;
in the step (2), the heating pretreatment is carried out at the temperature of 50-150 ℃ for 40-150 min;
in the step (3), when the seaweed mixed solution subjected to microwave pretreatment and heating pretreatment in the step (2) is subjected to anaerobic fermentation treatment under the action of a direct current electric field and microwaves and under stirring conditions, the temperature of the anaerobic fermentation treatment is 30-150 ℃, and the anaerobic fermentation time is 3-14 days;
and (3) when the seaweed mixed solution subjected to microwave pretreatment and heating pretreatment in the step (2) is subjected to anaerobic fermentation treatment under the action of a direct current electric field and microwaves and under a stirring condition, the treatment is carried out in an anaerobic fermentation container, wherein the anaerobic fermentation container is internally provided with two electrode polar plates, a direct current power supply connected with the two electrode polar plates through leads, a microwave generator and a microwave energy output column connected with the microwave generator, the voltage of the direct current power supply is 0.2-2.5V, the radiation power of the microwave generator is 500-10000W, and the radiation time is 10-100 min.
2. The method for preparing methane by the anaerobic fermentation of algae reinforced by the coupling of electric field and microwave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the seaweed in the step (1) is one or more of Enteromorpha prolifera, gulfweed, kelp, Hizikia fusiforme, laver and gracilaria.
3. The method for preparing methane by the anaerobic fermentation of algae reinforced by the coupling of electric field and microwave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pretreatment in the step (1) comprises natural airing, drying to constant weight and crushing, wherein the length of the crushed seaweed is 2-40 mm.
4. The method for preparing methane by the anaerobic fermentation of algae reinforced by the coupling of electric field and microwave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the mass ratio of the seaweed to the water or other solutions is 1: 1-20, the other solutions are sludge solutions, the water content of the sludge solutions is 75-80%, or the other solutions are protease solutions, or the other solutions are chemical solutions, and the chemical solutions are sulfuric acid solutions, hydrochloric acid solutions, phosphoric acid solutions, sodium hydroxide solutions, potassium hydroxide solutions, sodium carbonate solutions, sodium bicarbonate solutions or urea solutions, and the mass percentage of the chemical solutions is 0.5-98%.
5. The method for preparing methane by the anaerobic fermentation of algae reinforced by the coupling of electric field and microwave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and (3) when the seaweed mixed liquor subjected to microwave pretreatment and heating pretreatment in the step (2) is subjected to anaerobic fermentation treatment under the action of a direct current electric field and microwaves and under stirring conditions, the treatment is carried out in an anaerobic fermentation container, the addition amount of the seaweed mixed liquor accounts for 60-75% of the total volume of the anaerobic fermentation container, and air in the anaerobic fermentation container is blown out by nitrogen before the anaerobic fermentation treatment.
6. The method for preparing methane by the anaerobic fermentation of algae reinforced by the coupling of electric field and microwave as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the steps (1) to (3) need to be stirred, and the stirring speed is 25-450 rmp.
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| WO2009067771A1 (en) * | 2007-11-26 | 2009-06-04 | Universidade Federal Do Rio De Janeiro | Production of ethanol from algae |
| DE102009039363A1 (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2011-03-03 | Hohenester, Hermann, Dr. | Providing food intermediate- or food end-products, comprises preparing e.g. linseed and crushed linseed, separating together with e.g. natural products, preferably psyllium husks and hydrocolloids into fractions by e.g. crushing |
| CN103086582A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2013-05-08 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Methane preparation method |
| CN103088074A (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-05-08 | 昆明理工大学 | Electrochemical synergic lignocellulose biodegrading method |
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| WO2009067771A1 (en) * | 2007-11-26 | 2009-06-04 | Universidade Federal Do Rio De Janeiro | Production of ethanol from algae |
| DE102009039363A1 (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2011-03-03 | Hohenester, Hermann, Dr. | Providing food intermediate- or food end-products, comprises preparing e.g. linseed and crushed linseed, separating together with e.g. natural products, preferably psyllium husks and hydrocolloids into fractions by e.g. crushing |
| CN103086582A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2013-05-08 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Methane preparation method |
| CN103088074A (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-05-08 | 昆明理工大学 | Electrochemical synergic lignocellulose biodegrading method |
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