CN107123525A - A kind of dry-type air-core reactor adaptive active noise reduction system - Google Patents
A kind of dry-type air-core reactor adaptive active noise reduction system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107123525A CN107123525A CN201710497536.2A CN201710497536A CN107123525A CN 107123525 A CN107123525 A CN 107123525A CN 201710497536 A CN201710497536 A CN 201710497536A CN 107123525 A CN107123525 A CN 107123525A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/33—Arrangements for noise damping
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/30—Means
- G10K2210/301—Computational
- G10K2210/3045—Multiple acoustic inputs, single acoustic output
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/30—Means
- G10K2210/321—Physical
- G10K2210/3213—Automatic gain control [AGC]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- G10K2210/30—Means
- G10K2210/321—Physical
- G10K2210/3226—Sensor details, e.g. for producing a reference or error signal
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of dry-type air-core reactor adaptive active noise reduction system, including inner cover and outer cover, inner cover is the cylindrical shape of upper end open, and outer cover is the cylindrical shape of lower ending opening, and inner cover is located in outer cover, inner cover is overlapped with the center line of outer cover, adaptive controller, the first amplifier, the second amplifier, loudspeaker and power amplifier are respectively mounted in outer cover, outer cover sidewall opens up connecting hole, and loudspeaker is relative with connecting hole, install and link is installed on connecting plate, connecting plate in inner cover bottom.It is an advantage of the invention that making system reach stable state, so as to obtain good noise reduction by loudspeaker sounding to offset noise, it is to avoid adversely affected to nearby residents life, occupational staff health.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of noise reduction system, especially a kind of dry-type air-core reactor adaptive active noise reduction system.
Background technology
One of main inductive element as extra-high voltage alternating current-direct current power transmission engineering, dry-type air-core reactor has the linearity
High, simple in construction, non-maintaining the advantages of, because function and usage is different, reactive-load compensation, limitation short circuit electricity are played in transmission system
Flow, filter out higher hamonic wave, reduce the effect such as straight-flow system harmonic component.As power transmission engineering voltage class is constantly lifted, power network
Scale expands day by day, and the dry-type air-core reactor of substantial amounts puts into operation into power transmission engineering.Dry-type air-core reactor when power transformation
Under stream excitation, reactor encapsulating is caused to produce forced vibration by the coefficient electromagnetic force of changing currents with time and magnetic field, and then to week
Collarette border produces radiated noise.The structure good fortune that forced vibration is produced penetrates noise as one of Main Noise Sources in project of transmitting and converting electricity,
There is certain negative effect to nearby residents life, occupational staff health.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of dry-type air-core reactor adaptive active noise reduction system, enable it to by certainly
Adaptive controller computing produces secondary signal to make loudspeaker sounding offset noise.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：A kind of dry-type air-core reactor adaptive active drop
Make an uproar system, including inner cover and outer cover, inner cover is the cylindrical shape of upper end open, outer cover is the cylindrical shape of lower ending opening, and inner cover is located at
In outer cover, inner cover is overlapped with the center line of outer cover, and adaptive controller, the first amplifier, the second amplification are respectively mounted in outer cover
Device, loudspeaker and power amplifier, outer cover sidewall open up connecting hole, and loudspeaker is relative with connecting hole, and connecting plate is installed in inner cover bottom,
Link is installed, outer cover upper surface middle part, which sets to install in through hole, through hole, installs fixing axle in bearing, bearing on connecting plate,
Fixing axle lower end is fixed on inner cover middle part, fixing axle upper end mounting plate, and the diameter of fixed plate is more than the diameter of outer cover,
Fixed plate bottom is respectively mounted first sensor and second sensor, and adaptive controller is put with the first amplifier, second respectively
Big device and power amplifier connection, second sensor is connected with the second amplifier, and first sensor is connected with the first amplifier, work(
Rate amplifier is connected with loudspeaker.
The technical scheme that is used to further solve its technical problem of the present invention is：Described casing outer wall is along level
One end of at least three connecting rods is uniformly installed in direction, and the other end of each connecting rod is respectively mounted vane, and vane is bowl-type.Described consolidates
Hawk shape camera is set in fixed board.Described fixed plate bottom be respectively mounted on two montants, each montant be respectively mounted it is electronic
Expansion link, first sensor and second sensor are separately fixed at the movable end end of corresponding electric expansion bar.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The first sensor of the present invention is reference signal sensor, first sensor collection
The primary noise that dry-type air-core reactor is sent is delivered to adaptive controller as reference signal, and adaptive controller is defeated accordingly
Go out a control signal as secondary signal drive the speaker and send secondary noise, the noise that dry-type air-core reactor is sent is built
Vertical primary sound field is produced with the secondary sound field that the secondary noise that loudspeaker is sent is set up and is superimposed.Second sensor passes for error
Sensor, second sensor collects the acoustic pressure after superposition, and forms error signal.Due to primary sound source and surrounding environment moment
The characteristic of change, adaptive controller is received after error signal, can be adjusted secondary according to the default object function moment and be made an uproar
Amplitude, frequency and the phase of sound, this process can continue to error signal to meet object function, so that system reaches stable shape
State, so as to obtain good noise reduction by loudspeaker sounding to offset noise.Avoid to nearby residents life, professional people
Member's health is adversely affected.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention；Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 A direction views；Fig. 3 is adaptive active noise reduction system figure；Fig. 4
It is adaptive active noise reduction system operating diagram；Fig. 5 is dry-type air-core reactor active noise reduction system mathematical modeling figure；Fig. 6
It is dry-type air-core reactor active noise reduction system model simplification figure continuous domain；Fig. 7 is dry-type air-core reactor active noise reduction system
Model simplification figure discrete domain；Fig. 8 is adaptive controller structure chart；Fig. 9 is FIR transverse filter structure figures；.
Embodiment
A kind of dry-type air-core reactor adaptive active noise reduction system, including inner cover 3 and outer cover 5, inner cover 3 are upper end open
Cylindrical shape, outer cover 5 be lower ending opening cylindrical shape, inner cover 3 be located at outer cover 5 in, inner cover 3 is overlapped with the center line of outer cover 5, outside
Adaptive controller 12, the first amplifier 11, the second amplifier 18, loudspeaker 14 and power amplifier 19 are respectively mounted in cover 5,
The side wall of outer cover 5 opens up connecting hole 15, and loudspeaker 14 is relative with connecting hole 15, and the company of installation on connecting plate 2, connecting plate 2 is installed in the bottom of inner cover 3
Frame 1 is connect, the upper surface middle part of outer cover 5, which sets to install in through hole, through hole, installs fixing axle 4, fixing axle 4 in bearing 7, bearing 7
Lower end is fixed on the middle part of inner cover 3, the upper end mounting plate 6 of fixing axle 4, and the diameter of fixed plate 6 is more than the diameter of outer cover 5,
The bottom of fixed plate 6 is respectively mounted first sensor 16 and second sensor 17, adaptive controller 12 respectively with the first amplifier
11st, the second amplifier 18 and power amplifier 19 are connected, and second sensor 17 is connected with the second amplifier 18, first sensor 16
It is connected with the first amplifier 11, power amplifier 19 is connected with loudspeaker 14.Link 1 is fixed on dry-type air-core reactor.
First sensor 16 is reference signal sensor, the primary noise conduct that the collection dry-type air-core reactor of first sensor 16 is sent
Reference signal is delivered to adaptive controller 12, and adaptive controller 12 exports a control signal and driven as secondary signal accordingly
Dynamic loudspeaker 14 sends secondary noise, and the primary sound field that the noise that dry-type air-core reactor is sent is set up is sent with loudspeaker 14
The secondary sound field set up of secondary noise produce superposition.Second sensor 17 is error pick-up, and second sensor 17 is gathered
Acoustic pressure after to superposition, and form error signal.It is self-adaptive controlled due to the characteristic that primary sound source and surrounding environment moment change
Device 12 processed is received after error signal, and amplitude, frequency and the phase of secondary noise can be adjusted according to the default object function moment
Position, this process can continue to error signal to meet object function, so that system reaches stable state, so as to be sent out by loudspeaker
Sound obtains good noise reduction to offset noise.Avoid adversely affecting nearby residents life, occupational staff health.
This structure can also play the nervous system of ultrasonic stimulation birds by loudspeaker 14, make its physiologic derangement and flee from, do not have
There is region limitation, by ultrasonic frequency is higher than the scope that human ear can be heard, so it can be reduced to human lives as far as possible
The influence caused, intimidates birds, makes it away from reactor.Outer cover 5 and inner cover 3 can prevent rainwater and dust from entering outer cover 5, it is to avoid
Therefore amplifier and adaptive controller 12 damage, and improve the service life of amplifier and adaptive controller 12.Fixed plate 6
It can prevent rainwater from entering from bearing 7 in outer cover 5, moreover it is possible to play outside protective covers 5, it is to avoid outer cover 5 is nested by birds or birds droppings is rotten
Deteriorate bad.The signal collected by reference sensor and error pick-up is typically weaker, therefore must be by preamplifier
Amplification could as adaptive controller input.Equally, the signal of adaptive controller output is not enough to drive the speaker hair
Sound, it is therefore desirable to which power amplifier carries out scaling.First sensor 16 and second sensor 17 are separately mounted to fixed plate 6
Bottom, can make fixed plate 6 play a part of avoiding dust raindrop erosion first sensor 16 and second sensor 17, it is to avoid the
One sensor 16 and second sensor 17, which are damaged, causes collection information inaccurate.
The described outer wall of outer cover 5 uniformly installs one end of at least three connecting rods 8 in the horizontal direction, each connecting rod 8 it is another
End is respectively mounted vane 9, and vane 9 is bowl-type.This structure by vane 9 can drive outer cover 5 around 4 turns of fixing axle using wind-force
It is dynamic, so that the sound that loudspeaker 14 is sent can be reached everywhere, sent so as to further offset dry-type air-core reactor
Noise.
Hawk shape camera 10 is set in described fixed plate 6.Hawk shape camera 10 is that camera is arranged on into hawk shape model
Interior structure.Hawk shape camera 10 is connected with adaptive controller 12.This structure can by the profile of hawk shape camera 10,
Coordinate ultrasonic wave to intimidate birds, make it away from reactor, the working condition of reactor can be also monitored by hawk shape camera 10
And whether there are birds to nest or drain near reactor, in order to which staff is handled in time.
The described bottom of fixed plate 6 is respectively mounted on two montants 20, each montant 20 and is respectively mounted electric expansion bar 13,
First sensor 16 and second sensor 17 are separately fixed at the movable end end of corresponding electric expansion bar 13.Electric expansion bar
13 are connected with power supply and adaptive controller 12 respectively.When sensor distance noise source farther out, the noise that dry type noise source is sent
Smaller, it has not been convenient to when gathering, adaptive controller 12 can control electric expansion bar 13 to extend, and make corresponding sensor is close to make an uproar
Sound source, to facilitate acquisition noise.Humidity sensor is installed, humidity sensor connects with adaptive controller 12 in electric expansion bar 13
Connect.Humidity sensor can perceive air humidity, and the moisture signal measured can be sent to adaptive by humidity sensor when raining
Controller 12 is answered, so that the control of adaptive controller 12 electric expansion bar 13 is retracted, so that first sensor 16 and second is passed
Sensor 17 returns to the bottom of fixed plate 6, fixed plate 6 is protected first sensor 16 and second sensor 17 not by rain-impact.
Adaptive active noise reduction system refers to produce secondary signal to make loudspeaker sounding by adaptive controller computing
To offset a kind of method of noise, due to primary sound source and the characteristic of surrounding environment moment change, adaptive controller is necessary
The amplitude, frequency and phase of secondary noise can be adjusted constantly, could obtain good noise reduction.Adaptive active noise reduction system
System is mainly made up of adaptive controller and electro-acoustic element two parts, therefore the design of adaptive controller is that can the system real
One of key of existing noise reduction.According to the characteristics of sound source and application environment, active noise reduction system can be divided into feedforward system and feedback
System, single channel system and multi-channel system etc., the design of corresponding controller also can differences.
Feedforward system refers to before secondary sound source weakens primary noise, and control is input to sensor collection primary noise
A kind of control system in device, feedforward control system is relatively stablized, and is easily achieved.Reponse system is according only to residual noise
The change of signal is adjusted to control signal, it is adaptable to can not gather the occasion of primary noise signal.Therefore, if can be in drop
Make an uproar collection in worksite primary noise, you can carry out active noise reduction using feedforward system.Otherwise, just must be using reponse system as certainly
The structure of adaptive controller, but must now pay special attention to its stability.
The difference of single channel system and multi-channel system is that multi-channel system possesses more secondary sound source and mistake
Gap sensor, to expand noise reduction scope, improves noise reduction.But it is due to that can interfere between each passage, this is just
Need to decouple each signal, therefore the complexity of algorithm and the stability of system and real-time can be increased.
It was found from being analyzed more than, feedforward system possesses the stability better than reponse system, and empty to dry type
Core device is carried out during active noise reduction, can relatively easily be obtained primary noise as reference signal, therefore feedforward and is
System is more prone to realize and can obtain the more excellent stability of a system.Although multi-channel system can expand noise reduction scope, in view of mesh
Also there are many insoluble problems in preceding its, therefore the present invention will use single channel feedforward system as active noise reduction system.
Dry-type air-core reactor active noise reduction system is as shown in figure 3, reactor is primary sound source, and the noise sent is primary
Signal p (t)；Loudspeaker P is secondary sound source, sends secondary noise y (t)；Acoustic pressure probe S1 and S2 is respectively reference signal sensing
Device and error pick-up, its signal received are referred to as reference signal x (t) and error signal e (t).
Dry-type air-core reactor sends noise as primary sound source, and reference signal is used as by sensor S1 collections primary noise
X (t) is delivered in control system, and control system exports a control signal as secondary signal y (t) drive the speakers P accordingly
Send secondary noise.The secondary noise that the primary sound field that the noise that dry-type air-core reactor is sent is set up is sent with loudspeaker P
The secondary sound field set up produces superposition, collects the acoustic pressure after superposition by error pick-up S2, and form error signal e (t).
Adaptive controller is received after error signal, and the phase and amplitude of secondary signal can be adjusted according to default object function
Deng.This process can continue to error signal to meet object function, and now system is up to stable state.
Fig. 4 is the operating diagram of adaptive active noise reduction system, slightly modified on the basis of said system to add two
Individual preamplifier and a power amplifier.Because the signal collected by reference sensor and error pick-up is general
It is weaker, thus must by preamplifier amplification could as adaptive controller input.Equally, adaptive controller
The signal of output is not enough to drive the speaker sounding, it is therefore desirable to which power amplifier carries out scaling.
By Fig. 4 this it appears that whole adaptive noise reduction system mainly completes whole noise reduction process by three loops,
The function of primary return be pick up primary noise as system reference signal, secondary loop complete secondary signal amplification with it is defeated
Go out work, reference signal and error signal are then delivered to adaptive controller computing and produce secondary signal by backfeed loop.
2. dry-type air-core reactor active noise reduction system mathematical modeling
In fig. 3, it is assumed that adaptive controller, reference signal sensor, the frequency response function of error pick-up are respectively W
(ω)、S1(ω) and S2(ω), secondary sound source P frequency response is P (ω).Assuming that sound wave travels to reference signal from reactor
The transmission function of sensor S1 propagation path is HS1(ω), from reactor and secondary sound source P to the transmission error pick-up
Function is respectively HS2(ω)、HPS(ω).Assuming that the response of the device frequency such as preamplifier is N in primary return1(ω), secondary is returned
The response of the device frequencies such as road intermediate power amplifier is N2The frequency response of the devices such as the preamplifier in (ω), backfeed loop is
N3(ω).The mathematical modeling of whole dry-type air-core reactor active noise reduction system is as shown in Figure 5.
In Fig. 5, p (t), x (t) and e (t) are respectively primary signal, reference signal and error signal.By the biography in each loop
Delivery function makees following arrange：
Hr(ω)=S1(ω)HS1(ω)N1(ω) (1)
Hp(ω)=Hps(ω) (2)
HS(ω)=HS2(ω)N2(ω)P(ω) (3)
Hf(ω)=S2(ω)N3(ω) (4)
From the foregoing, it will be observed that Hr(ω)、Hp(ω)、Hs(ω) and Hf(ω) is respectively reference loop, primary return, secondary loop
With the transmission function of backfeed loop, therefore Fig. 5 can be reduced to Fig. 6.For the convenience subsequently calculated, the simplification figure can be converted
For discrete domain, as shown in fig. 7, correspondingly the transmission function in controller and each loop can be designated as W (z), Hr(z)、Hp(z)、Hs
And H (z)f(z)。
3. adaptive controller
Adaptive controller mainly be made up of wave filter and algorithm two parts as shown in figure 8, wave filter complete filter task,
Algorithm is used for adjusting the weight coefficient of wave filter.
In Fig. 8, x (n) and d (n) are referred to as reference signal and desired signal, y (n) secondary sound source signals, e (n)=d
(n)-y (n) is error signal.The purpose of active noise reduction system is to make error signal at error microphone minimum, it is corresponding from
The purpose of adaptive filtering algorithm is then to make mean square error (also referred to as object function) minimum is i.e.
J (n)=E [e2(n)]=E [(d (n)-y (n))2]→min (5)
(1) sef-adapting filter
Linear adaptive filter have two kinds of structures include limit for length's impulse response (Finite Impulse Response,
FIR) wave filter and endless impulse response (Infinite Impulse Response, IIR) wave filter.Wherein, FIR is filtered
The impulse response of device is changed into 0 after N number of sampling period, mainly there is three kinds of structures：Transversary, symmetric transverse structure and lattice knot
Structure.Transversary is more commonly used, and is easily realized and kept system stable, the horizontal filter structure made using tapped delay line
As Fig. 9 shows.
N-th moment wave filter is output as
Wherein, L is the length of transversal filter, wl(n) (l=1,2 ..., L) is weight coefficient.Formula (6) shows, y (n)
For L in the past input linear weighted function and.
It is respectively according to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 weight vector and reference vector for defining sef-adapting filter
W=[w1, w2..., wL]T (7)
X (n)=[x (n), x (n-1) ..., x (n-L+1)]T (8)
Then y (n) is represented by
Y (n)=XT(n) W=WTX(n) (9)
(2) adaptive algorithm
In order that active noise reduction system obtains optimal weight vector in adaptive process, generally using lowest mean square (Least
Mean Square, abbreviation LMS) algorithm, the algorithm is simple, operand is small and is easily achieved, it be Windrows with Hoff in
What nineteen fifty-nine proposed.The algorithm is not also related to matrix inversion, but obtain with steepest descent method both without demand correlation matrix
Weight coefficient.According to steepest descent method principle, the weight vector W (n+1) at the (n+1)th moment is equal to the weight vector W (n) at the n-th moment and subtracted
It is proportional to gradientA variable quantity be
Wherein, μ is convergence coefficient, also referred to as step-length.In practical application, square e of single error sample is taken2(n) ladder
Degree is used as mean square error E [e2(n) estimation of gradient], i.e.,
It is provable, gradient estimateIt is actual valueUnbiased esti-mator, have
But both still suffer from difference, have
Wherein, N (n) is gradient noise, and it is because in each iterative process, using only limited input quantity, leading
Gradient estimate is caused to there is certain deviation.WithIn substituted (16)It can obtain
The method of weight vector iteration shown in formula (14) is referred to as LMS algorithm.
The structure chart of sef-adapting filter based on LMS algorithm, as shown in figure 9, wave filter uses FIR transversal filters.
The embodiment of the present invention is described above in association with accompanying drawing, but these explanations can not be understood to limitation
The scope of the present invention, the technology contents of the not detailed description of the present invention are known technology.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of dry-type air-core reactor adaptive active noise reduction system, it is characterised in that：Including inner cover（3）And outer cover（5）, it is interior
Cover（3）For the cylindrical shape of upper end open, outer cover（5）For the cylindrical shape of lower ending opening, inner cover（3）Positioned at outer cover（5）It is interior, inner cover
（3）With outer cover（5）Center line overlap, outer cover（5）Inside it is respectively mounted adaptive controller（12）, the first amplifier（11）,
Two amplifiers（18）, loudspeaker（14）And power amplifier（19）, outer cover（5）Side wall opens up connecting hole（15）, loudspeaker（14）
With connecting hole（15）Relatively, inner cover（3）Bottom is installed by connecting plate（2）, connecting plate（2）Upper installation link（1）, outer cover（5）Upper surface
Middle part, which is set, installs bearing in through hole, through hole（7）, bearing（7）Interior installation fixing axle（4）, fixing axle（4）Lower end is fixed on
Inner cover（3）Middle part, fixing axle（4）Upper end mounting plate（6）, fixed plate（6）Diameter be more than outer cover（5）Diameter,
Fixed plate（6）Bottom is respectively mounted first sensor（16）And second sensor（17）, adaptive controller（12）Respectively with
One amplifier（11）, the second amplifier（18）And power amplifier（19）Connection, second sensor（17）With the second amplifier
（18）Connection, first sensor（16）With the first amplifier（11）Connection, power amplifier（19）With loudspeaker（14）Connection.
2. a kind of dry-type air-core reactor adaptive active noise reduction system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
Outer cover（5）Outer wall uniformly installs at least three connecting rods in the horizontal direction（8）One end, each connecting rod（8）The other end be respectively mounted
Vane（9）, vane（9）For bowl-type.
3. a kind of dry-type air-core reactor adaptive active noise reduction system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
Fixed plate（6）Upper setting hawk shape camera（10）.
4. a kind of dry-type air-core reactor adaptive active noise reduction system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
Fixed plate（6）Bottom is respectively mounted two montants（20）, each montant（20）On be respectively mounted electric expansion bar（13）, first passes
Sensor（16）And second sensor（17）It is separately fixed at corresponding electric expansion bar（13）Movable end end.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112345855A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-02-09 | 浙江大学 | System and method for detecting running state of shunt reactor |
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