CN107121376B - 高温高压气液两相h2s/co2环境原位载荷腐蚀模拟环路系统 - Google Patents
高温高压气液两相h2s/co2环境原位载荷腐蚀模拟环路系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107121376B CN107121376B CN201710283889.2A CN201710283889A CN107121376B CN 107121376 B CN107121376 B CN 107121376B CN 201710283889 A CN201710283889 A CN 201710283889A CN 107121376 B CN107121376 B CN 107121376B
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- 238000011068 load Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
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- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
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- 230000003628 erosive Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfate Chemical compound 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[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 99
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006392 deoxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound 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O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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[O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000939 field's metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种高温高压气液两相H2S/CO2环境原位载荷腐蚀模拟环路系统,包括控制柜、高温高压釜、涡轮风机、气体流量计、涡轮水泵、液体流量计、耐高压柔性管、耐压视镜、温度传感器、试验管段、吊装装置。所述系统能够准确模拟油田现场动态变化气、液两相流流行流态、管材真实受力和倾角的腐蚀环路试验装置。该装置能够用于研究载荷、倾角、多相流的流型对管道内内腐蚀的影响规律和机制,同时也可以用于管道内部硫酸盐还原菌腐蚀、管道内部携砂冲蚀、以及缓蚀剂、杀菌剂和阻垢剂的评价优选研究。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种腐蚀模拟试验装置,具体地说涉及一套高温高压气液两相 H2S/CO2环境原位载荷腐蚀模拟环路系统,属于高酸性油气田材料腐蚀规律研究和适用性评价领域。
背景技术
石油和天然气依然是当今社会最优质的能源,关系到国家的政治、经济和军事的安全。随着石油和天然气工业的发展,高酸性含硫油气田已经成为我国油气资源增储上产的主力。但是高酸性含硫油气田中往往含有大量强腐蚀性气体CO2和H2S,会导致油田用金属材料发生严重的腐蚀,甚至是局部腐蚀穿孔。特别是有H2S存在时,承受载荷的金属材料还易发生应力腐蚀开裂,从而导致装备材料发生突然断裂,给油气田造成灾难性的后果。因此为保证我国油气资源地安全开采,需要对金属材料在高温高压H2S/CO2环境下腐蚀的规律、机制以及环境适用性进行试验研究。
然而油气田现场腐蚀工况复杂,多种腐蚀影响因素相互耦合,因此针对现场材料腐蚀的准确预测评估难以进行,给油气田设计、施工、生产和维护带来了极大的困难,这也就给实验室的试验研究工作提出了更高的要求。以往在研究过程中主要采用的实验设备为高温高压反应釜,虽然反应釜具有结构简单、易于操作、试验压力高等特点,但是由于设备结构的原因,只能通过旋转试样的方法来模拟液体流速,因此无法准确模拟油田现场采、输系统中管流物的真实流动状态。
随着腐蚀研究过程中对于实验室模拟与现场工况环境一致性要求的不断提高,环路腐蚀系统逐渐成为了油气田井下管柱和地面集输管线腐蚀规律研究、材料适用性评价等领域不可替代的试验手段。目前,国内外已经建立了多套类似的多相流环路腐蚀实验模拟装置,但仍不能完全模拟现场管材的实际服役状况,不足主要体现在以下几个方面:
1)难以准确模拟不同流态和不同气液比:油田现场管流物状态复杂,不但不同区块内的气液比、流型流态等参数变化较大,即便在同一管路中也会持续变化。目前多数装备只能实现特定气液比和流型的腐蚀模拟,难以在试验过程中对其进行改变,不能研究管流物状态变化对金属管线腐蚀的影响。
2)忽视了载荷对金属管线腐蚀的影响:油气田现场无论是井下管柱、还是地面集输系统,金属管线往往都承受着载荷,而载荷又是影响金属材料腐蚀的重要因素之一。特别是对于不锈钢而言,加载载荷后不锈钢表面的钝化膜的致密度降低、保护性能下降,从而诱发材料腐蚀局部腐蚀。而目前现有的环路腐蚀系统均未考虑载荷对金属材料腐蚀过程的影响。
3)难以实现任意倾角条件下管线内腐蚀的模拟:在实际生产过程中,受地层类型、埋藏位置和地表形貌的影响,井下管柱、地面管线的倾角也会随之发生变化,从而影响管道内的腐蚀过程。而现有的环路大多为固定设置,无法改变管道倾角。
因此针对现有腐蚀环路结构和功能的局限性,本发明设计了一套高温高压气液两相H2S/CO2环境原位载荷腐蚀模拟环路系统。该环路系统能够准确的模拟现场管流物的流动状态,管道的应力状态以及管道的倾角,从而为油气田现场腐蚀规律、机制以及防控技术的研究提供重要支持。
发明内容
针对现有环路腐蚀模拟装备试验能力的局限性,本发明的目的在于提供一种能够准确模拟油田现场动态变化气、液两相流流行流态、管材真实受力和倾角的腐蚀环路试验装置。该装置能够用于研究载荷、倾角、多相流的流型对管道内腐蚀的影响规律和机制,同时也可以用于管道内部硫酸盐还原菌腐蚀、管道内部携砂冲蚀、以及缓蚀剂、杀菌剂和阻垢剂的评价优选研究。
本发明的技术方案是通过以下方式实现的:
高温高压气液两相H2S/CO2环境原位载荷腐蚀模拟环路系统主要包括:控制柜、高温高压釜、气路阀门、涡轮风机、气体流量计、液路阀门、涡轮水泵、液体流量计、耐高压柔性管、耐压视镜、温度传感器、试验管段、吊装装置以及环路管道,所述高温高压釜与环路管线直接相连,组成一个耐压系统;环路气相管路入口和环路液相管路入口分别与高温高压釜的气相和液相连接,且气相和液相管路入口处设有控制阀;液相管路经过涡轮水泵后和液体流量计后与混相管路相连,在涡轮水泵和液体流量计后端设有控制阀门;气相管路经涡轮风机和气体流量计后汇入混相管路,在涡轮风机和气体流量计后端设有控制阀门;汇合气相和液相后的混相管路依次连接第一耐高压柔性管、耐压视镜和第一试验管段,在第一试验管段前端连接控制阀门和温度传感器,第一试验管段后端连接控制阀门;试验管段控制阀门后连接吊装管段,吊装管段外部设有吊装环与吊装装置相连接;吊装管段与第二试验管段和第二耐高压柔性管相连接,吊装管段与第二试验管段之间设有控制阀门,第二试验管段与第二耐高压柔性管之间设有控制阀门和温度传感器;耐高压柔性管后混相管路出口与高温高压釜的气相连接,其间设有控制阀门。
高温高压釜与气相管线入口、液相管线入口和混相管线出口相连;釜盖带有压力传感器、热电偶以及进气口和排气口;釜体外具有加热保温套,用以控制釜内温度。
环路上两个试验管段附近的对称位置上设有耐高压柔性管,通过吊装装置提拉吊装管段来改变试验管段的倾角。
耐压视镜中间部位为耐压石英管,用以观察管流物的流行流态。
试验管段有两种形式,第一种形式为内嵌腐蚀挂片形式,试验管段外部为两端带有法兰的金属套筒,用以承压;套筒内壁衬有聚四氟绝缘内衬;试样为圆环状,试样外径与聚四氟绝缘内衬内径相一致,试样内径与环路管道内径相一致;试验时试样装入金属套筒中,试样之间设有聚四氟绝缘隔圈。第二种形式为实物试验管段,整个试验管段由试验材料加工而成,直接接入管线中;当需要考虑载荷对腐蚀的影响时,采用加载装置对试验管段进行加载,加载时采用应变仪来控制管段的载荷。
控制柜与高温高压釜上的传感器、釜壁加热保温套、涡轮风机、涡轮水泵、气体和液体流量计相连,控制环路温度、压力以及环路内流体的流行流态。
本发明可实现以下有益功效:
1)模拟现场的高压环境:高温高压釜和高压环路管线材质均为镍基合金,且两者直接相连,组成一个封闭的耐压系统,体系的温度、压力和气体组成等参数能够模拟所有地面集输系统以及部分井下含硫高温高压工况环境。
2)准确的模拟流行流态:气相管路和液相管路在气体流量计和液体流量计之后汇入混相管路,试验过程中通过调整涡轮风机和涡轮水泵的输出功率,来控制气相和液相的流速、混合比例以及交替输送的时间间隔,从而实现对流行流态的精准控制。
3)模拟现场管道的真实状态:通过对称设有耐高压柔性管,实现试验管段任意倾角的改变,从而模拟井下或集数系统管道真实空间状态;同时试验段配有载荷加载装置,因此可以准确模拟管道服役过程中的真实载荷状态。
4)模拟现场管道的真实状态:通过对称设有耐高压柔性管,实现试验管段任意倾角的改变,从而模拟井下或集输系统管道真实空间状态;同时试验段配有载荷加载装置,因此可以准确模拟管道服役过程中的真实载荷状态。
5)流行流态的可视化:在试验管段前端设有耐压视镜,从而实现管流物流动状态的可视化。
6)智能数字化操作:环路系统的检测和控制自动化,试验参数采集方便快捷。
总之,本发明装置可用于实验室内开展模拟地面集输管线和井下管柱高温高压H2S/CO2环境下多相流的腐蚀模拟研究,同时也可以用于管道内部硫酸盐还原菌腐蚀、管道内部携砂冲蚀、以及缓蚀剂、杀菌剂和阻垢剂的评价优选研究。
该环路系统能够准确的模拟现场管流物的流动状态,管道的应力状态以及管道的倾角等,从而为油气田现场腐蚀规律、机制以及防控技术的研究提供重要支持。该发明结构简单,腐蚀环境控制准确,功能齐全,在腐蚀研究和工程领域具有显著的推广价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明的工艺流程图。
图2为本发明高温高压气液两相H2S/CO2环境原位载荷腐蚀模拟环路系统侧视图。
图3为挂片形式试验管段的结构图。
图4为试验管段加载示意图,
(a)用于加载试验的实物管段,
(b)和(c)为加载装置的主视图和俯视图,
(d)加载装置与实物管段的装配图。
图中序号说明:1-控制柜;2-高温高压釜;3-热电偶;4-压力变数器;5-进气口; 6-排气口;7-第一气路阀门;8-涡轮风机;9-第二气路阀门;10-气体流量计;11- 第三气路阀门;12-第一液路阀门;13-涡轮水泵;14-第二液路阀门;15-液体流量计;16-第三液路阀门;17-第一耐高压柔性管;18-耐压视镜;19-第一温度传感器;20-第四液路阀门;21-第一绝缘密封圈;22-第一试验管段;23-第二绝缘密封圈;24-第五液路阀门;25-吊装装置;26-第六液路阀门;27-第三绝缘密封圈;28-第二试验管段;29-第四绝缘密封圈;30-第七液路阀门;31-第二温度传感器;32-第二耐高压柔性管;33-第八液路阀门;34-环路支架;35-高压釜加热保温套;36-聚四氟内衬筒,37-腐蚀式样;38-聚四氟绝缘隔圈;39-加载螺母; 40-正扣加载螺杆;41-反扣加载螺杆;42-应变仪;43-应变片
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的保护范围。此外应理解,在阅读本发明讲授的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明做各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样属于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
一种高温高压气液两相H2S/CO2环境原位载荷腐蚀模拟环路系统,包括1- 控制柜、2-高温高压釜、3-热电偶、4-压力变数器、5-进气口、6-排气口、7-第一气路阀门、8-涡轮风机、9-第二气路阀门、10-气体流量计、11-第三气路阀门、 12-第一液路阀门、13-涡轮水泵、14-第二液路阀门、15-液体流量计、16-第三液路阀门、17-第一耐高压柔性管、18-耐压视镜、19-第一温度传感器、20-第四液路阀门、21-第一绝缘密封圈、22-第一试验管段、23-第二绝缘密封圈、24-第五液路阀门、25-吊装装置、26-第六液路阀门、27-第三绝缘密封圈、28-第二试验管段、29-第四绝缘密封圈、30-第七液路阀门、31-第二温度传感器、32-第二耐高压柔性管、33-第八液路阀门。
其特征在于高温高压釜与环路管线直接相连,组成一个耐压系统;环路气相管路入口和环路液相管路入口分别与高温高压釜的气相和液相连接,且气相和液相管路入口处设有控制阀;液相管路经过涡轮水泵后和液体流量计后与混相管路相连,在涡轮水泵和液体流量计后端设有控制阀门;气相管路经涡轮风机和气体流量计后汇入混相管路,在涡轮风机和气体流量计后端设有控制阀门;汇合气相和液相后的混相管路依次连接第一耐高压柔性管、耐压视镜和第一试验管段,在第一试验管段前端连接控制阀门和温度传感器,第一试验管段后端连接控制阀门;试验管段控制阀门后连接吊装管段,吊装管段外部设有吊装环与吊装装置相连接;吊装管段与第二试验管段和第二耐高压柔性管相连接,吊装管段与第二试验管段之间设有控制阀门,第二试验管段与第二耐高压柔性管之间设有控制阀门和温度传感器;耐高压柔性管后混相管路出口与高温高压釜的气相连接,其间设有控制阀门。
本发明的技术方案细分地说包括以下五个相关联的部分:
1)高温高压釜:包括2-高温高压釜、3-热电偶、4-压力变数器、5-进气口、 6-排气口;高温高压釜为高温高压气、液的储存罐,与气相管线和液相管线的入口以及混相管线的出口相连接;高温高压釜内油相、水相按照固定比例混合,气体也按照比例用增压泵通过进气口打入高温高压釜;热电偶和压力变数器用来监测和控制釜内的温度和压力。
2)气相管路:包括7-第一气路阀门、8-涡轮风机、9-第二气路阀门、10-气体流量计、11-第三气路阀门;第一气路阀门和第二气路阀门用来控制气相环路的通断;8-涡轮风机和10-气体流量计相互配合,控制气相注入混相管路的流量和注入频率。
3)液相管路:包括12-第一液路阀门、13-涡轮水泵、14-第二液路阀门、 15-液体流量计、16-第三液路阀门;第一气路阀门和第二气路阀门用来控制气相环路的通断;8-涡轮风机和10-气体流量计相互配合,控制气相注入混相管路的流量和注入频率。
4)混相管路:包括16-第三液路阀门、17-第一耐高压柔性管、18-耐压视镜、 19-第一温度传感器、20-第四液路阀门、21-第一绝缘密封圈、22-第一试验管段、 23-第二绝缘密封圈、24-第五液路阀门、26-第六液路阀门、27-第三绝缘密封圈、 28-第二试验管段、29-第四绝缘密封圈、30-第七液路阀门、31-第二温度传感器、 32-第二耐高压柔性管、33-第八液路阀门。
混相管路外部加有保温加热套,用以控制混相环路的温度;通过18-耐压视镜可以对混相管路中的流行流态进行观察;19和31两个温度传感器用来监测和控制环路的温度;试验管段有两种形式,参见图3和图4。第一种形式为内嵌腐蚀挂片形式,试验管段外部为两端带有法兰的金属套筒,用以承压;套筒内壁衬有聚四氟绝缘内衬;试样为圆环状,试样外径与聚四氟绝缘内衬内径相一致,试样内径与环路管道内径相一致;试验时试样装入金属套筒中,试样之间设有聚四氟绝缘隔圈。第二形式为实物试验管段,整个试验管段由试验材料加工而成,直接接入管线中;当需要考虑载荷对腐蚀的影响时,采用加载装置对试验管段进行加载,加载时采用应变仪来控制管段的载荷。
5)吊装装置:包括17-第一耐高压柔性管、25-吊装装置、32-第二耐高压柔性管。耐高压柔性管和吊装装置连用可任意改变试验管段的倾角,其中22-第一试验管段用来模拟倾角0~90°范围内的管道,28-第二试验管段用来模拟倾角 0~-90°范围内的管道,参见图2。
6)系统控制与数显部分:包括1-控制柜、3-热电偶、4-压力变数器、8-涡轮风机、10-气体流量计、13-涡轮水泵、15-液体流量计19-第一温度传感器、25- 吊装装置、31-第二温度传感器。通过上述组成部分的配合可以实现对腐蚀环路内温度、压力、流体的流动速度和形态、以及环路试验段的倾角进行监测和控制。
由于环路管道、阀门高温高压釜的材质均为镍基合金,因此气源可以为硫化氢、二氧化碳、甲烷、氮气、氧气,上述气源可以通过各自高一气瓶与高温高压釜的进气口相连,将所需气体一次加入的釜内;液源可以为水溶液、油以及油水混液,也可以直接采用油田现场的采出液。试验结束后通过排气口先将环路中的气体排入废气吸收塔中,试验液体封存后交予有资质的废液处理厂商,废气和废液的处理满足国家的法规要求。
操作流程为先调整试验段倾角,将试验溶液和试样按照要求装入腐蚀环路,然后对环路内的介质进行除氧。除氧结束后,对环路进行升温,待环路达到试验温度后,按照分压要求依次加入所需试验气体。压力稳定后,打开液相和气相管路,并调整两相的流量,使混合管路内流体的流行流态满足试验要求。
此时腐蚀环路内流体的流动过程为:釜内气体经由釜盖上的管线进入气相管路,然后通过涡轮风机、气体流量计进入混相管路;釜内液体经由釜底的管线进入液相管路,然后通过涡轮水泵、液体流量计进入混相管路;混相管路内的流体通过耐高压软管、耐压视镜和温度传感器后进入试验管段,然后经过吊装管路后进入第二个试验管段,然后经过温度传感器、耐高压软管后从高温高压釜内气相位置进入釜内,完成气相和液相的分离,然后釜内液体和气体进入下一个循环。
Claims (10)
1.一种高温高压气液两相环境原位载荷腐蚀模拟环路系统,包括控制柜、高温高压釜、涡轮风机、气体流量计、涡轮水泵、液体流量计、耐高压柔性管、耐压视镜、温度传感器、试验管段以及吊装装置,所述耐高压柔性管包括第一耐高压柔性管和第二耐高压柔性管,所述试验管段包括第一试验管段和第二试验管段;所述高温高压釜与高压环路管线材质均为镍基合金,且两者直接相连,组成一个封闭的耐压系统,体系的温度、压力和气体组成能够模拟所有地面集输系统以及部分井下含硫高温高压工况环境,气源为硫化氢;环路气相管路入口和环路液相管路入口分别与高温高压釜的气相和液相连接,且气相和液相管路入口处设有控制阀;液相管路经过涡轮水泵和液体流量计后与混相管路相连;气相管路经涡轮风机和气体流量计后汇入混相管路;汇合气相和液相后的混相管路依次连接第一耐高压柔性管、耐压视镜和第一试验管段;第一试验管段后连接吊装管段,吊装管段外部设有吊装环与吊装装置相连接;吊装管段与第二试验管段和第二耐高压柔性管相连接;第二耐高压柔性管后混相管路出口与高温高压釜的气相连接;耐高压柔性管和吊装装置连用能够任意改变试验管段的倾角,其中第一试验管段用来模拟倾角0~90°范围内的管道,第二试验管段用来模拟倾角0~-90°范围内的管道;采用加载装置对试验管段进行加载考察载荷对腐蚀的影响,加载时采用应变仪来控制管段的载荷。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于:在腐蚀环路的在起始管段分为气相管段和液相管段,分别与高温高压釜的气相和液相相连接;气相管路上设有涡轮风机和气体流量计,液相管路上设有涡轮水泵和液体流量计;经过流量计后的气相管路和液相管路汇合于混相管路。
3.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于:高温高压釜与气相管线入口、液相管线入口和混相管线出口相连;釜盖带有压力传感器、热电偶以及进气口和排气口;釜体外具有加热保温套,用以控制釜内温度。
4.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于:环路上两个试验管段附近的对称位置上设有耐高压柔性管,通过吊装装置提拉吊装管段来改变试验管段的倾角。
5.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于:耐压视镜中间部位为耐压石英管,用以观察管流物的流行流态。
6.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于:试验管段有两种形式,第一种形式为内嵌腐蚀挂片形式,试验管段外部为两端带有法兰的金属套筒,用以承压;套筒内壁衬有聚四氟绝缘内衬;试样为圆环状,试样外径与聚四氟绝缘内衬内径相一致,试样内径与环路管道内径相一致;试验时试样装入金属套筒中,试样之间设有聚四氟绝缘隔圈;或者第二种形式为实物试验管段,整个试验管段由试验材料加工而成,直接接入管线中。
7.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其特征在于:控制柜与高温高压釜上的传感器、釜壁加热保温套、涡轮风机、涡轮水泵、气体和液体流量计相连,控制环路温度、压力以及环路内流体的流行流态。
8.权利要求1-7任一项所述的系统的操作方法,先调整试验段倾角,将试验溶液和试样按照要求装入腐蚀环路,然后对环路内的介质进行除氧;除氧结束后,对环路进行升温,待环路达到试验温度后,按照分压要求依次加入所需试验气体;压力稳定后,打开液相和气相管路,并调整两相的流量,使混合管路内流体的流行流态满足试验要求。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于:腐蚀环路内流体的流动过程为:釜内气体经由釜盖上的管线进入气相管路,然后通过涡轮风机、气体流量计进入混相管路;釜内液体经由釜底的管线进入液相管路,然后通过涡轮水泵、液体流量计进入混相管路;混相管路内的流体通过耐高压软管、耐压视镜和温度传感器后进入试验管段,然后经过吊装管路后进入第二个试验管段,然后经过温度传感器、耐高压软管后从高温高压釜内气相位置进入釜内,完成气相和液相的分离,然后釜内液体和气体进入下一个循环。
10.权利要求1-7任一项所述的系统的用途,用于实验室内开展模拟地面集输管线和井下管柱高温高压H2S和CO2环境下多相流的腐蚀模拟研究,以及管道内部硫酸盐还原菌腐蚀、管道内部携砂冲蚀、以及缓蚀剂、杀菌剂和阻垢剂的评价优选研究。
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CN101038250A (zh) * | 2007-04-03 | 2007-09-19 | 浙江理工大学 | 环道式多相流冲蚀试验装置 |
CN102854122A (zh) * | 2012-03-05 | 2013-01-02 | 胜利油田胜利勘察设计研究院有限公司 | 多功能环道式油气水多相流腐蚀模拟试验装置 |
CN103675213A (zh) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-03-26 | 华南理工大学 | 一种模拟油气管道流体流动安全评价装置 |
CN103926191A (zh) * | 2014-03-26 | 2014-07-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 多相流腐蚀及流态模拟实验管路装置及模拟实验方法 |
CN105403503A (zh) * | 2015-11-10 | 2016-03-16 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | 一种油井管屈曲管柱的高温腐蚀和冲蚀试验装置 |
CN205483962U (zh) * | 2016-04-15 | 2016-08-17 | 中国石油大学(华东) | 一种多相流管道内co2局部腐蚀测试装置 |
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