CN107121143B - Road selection method for collaborative POI data - Google Patents
Road selection method for collaborative POI data Download PDFInfo
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- CN107121143B CN107121143B CN201710394039.XA CN201710394039A CN107121143B CN 107121143 B CN107121143 B CN 107121143B CN 201710394039 A CN201710394039 A CN 201710394039A CN 107121143 B CN107121143 B CN 107121143B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C21/00—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00
- G01C21/26—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network
- G01C21/28—Navigation; Navigational instruments not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C19/00 specially adapted for navigation in a road network with correlation of data from several navigational instruments
- G01C21/30—Map- or contour-matching
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Abstract
The invention provides a road selection method for enriching road attribute characteristic measurement by using POI position data, which is used for a road selection process in the field of map synthesis. Firstly, determining the width of a buffer area influencing a road according to a related planning standard, and constructing a double-side buffer area of the road according to the value; calculating facility point density, important facility ratio and thematic facility ratio by using the POI facility points in the buffer area range to measure the attribute characteristics of the road; further combining other characteristic parameters of road topology, geometry and distribution such as connection values, control values, total depth values and the like to construct a road comprehensive importance index; and finally, selecting the road from large to small according to the selection ratio by combining the road comprehensive importance index. The invention provides a more scientific and comprehensive road attribute characteristic measurement method, takes other characteristics of the road into consideration, can improve the result quality of automatic road synthesis, and has good value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of cartography and geographic information systems, and discloses a method for assisting road selection by constructing feature measurement parameters by using POI (point of interest) data during automatic map synthesis.
Background
In the current digital environment, the derivation of a map or a geographic database with a small scale from a map or a geographic database with a large scale by using a map synthesis technology is still the research focus in the field of cartography. Roads, as important geographic elements that carry human activities, are also one of the main objects of map synthesis. The road synthesis process comprises the selection of road targets and the simplification of the road targets, and the selection of the road targets is the premise of simplification and is the key point of road synthesis.
The road selection comprises two processes of 'how many to select' and 'which to select'. The former is mainly solved by a square root model, and the latter is the key point of the research, namely, the determination of which roads need to be reserved is carried out by a scientific measurement method. The existing road selection methods mainly comprise the following types: a selection method based on semantic grade, a selection method based on strokes, a selection method based on graph theory, a selection method based on mesh density, and a composite method combining the above methods. Analyzing the current study, the following drawbacks still exist: (1) various characterization factors have not been fully considered. The existing road selection method considers the geometric characteristics (such as road length), topological characteristics (such as road connectivity), distribution characteristics (such as road network distribution density) and attribute characteristics (such as road grade) of a road, but a single method cannot effectively consider various characteristics of the road, and although a composite method can comprehensively consider the geometric characteristics, the topological characteristics and the distribution characteristics of the road, the consideration of the attribute characteristics is still insufficient. The reason is analyzed: firstly, because the traditional semantic grade-based selection method only considers information such as road grade, type and the like, the selection result is difficult to meet the requirements; secondly, due to the fact that the acquisition difficulty of the attribute data of the road is high and the integrity of the data is poor, the use is affected. (2) The context feature such as the residential area element closely related to the road cannot be considered in a synergistic manner. The importance of a road is related not only to its geometrical, topological, distribution and attribute features, but more importantly to the neighborhoods (facilities) adjacent to the road. For example, in the synthesis of a commercial topic map, the road length, road connectivity and road grade of a commercial pedestrian street may not be the highest, but due to the large number of commercial sites gathered on both sides, a priority is required to be given to the reservation at the time of synthesis.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an urban road selection method for enriching road attribute characteristic measurement by using POI position data. The attribute characteristics of the road can be more scientifically reflected, other characteristics of the road are considered, the automatic comprehensive result quality of the road is improved, and the comprehensive result is ensured to accord with the cognition of human beings.
The method comprises the steps of providing three measurement parameters of road attribute characteristics and a road comprehensive importance index.
The three measurement parameters of the road attribute feature are facility point density, important facility ratio and special facility ratio. The calculation steps are as follows: the method comprises the steps of taking POI data as a data source, firstly cleaning and sorting the data, and then reclassifying POI points according to the national standard of urban land classification; secondly, determining the width of a buffer area influencing the road according to a planning control line, and constructing the buffer areas on two sides of the road according to the width value; thirdly, counting different types of POI facility points falling into the range of each road buffer area, and calculating three characteristic parameters according to a formula.
The road comprehensive importance index is obtained by carrying out normalization and weight division on a plurality of measurement parameters of road geometric, topological, distribution and attribute characteristics and then carrying out superposition calculation. The specific parameters include the length, width, connection value, control value, total depth value, global integration level, distribution density, road grade, facility point density, important facility ratio and special facility ratio of the road.
The method can enrich the attribute characteristic measurement system of the road, and can effectively improve the road selection quality by taking POI data as the point-like representation of the residential area (facility) elements around the road in a cooperative consideration during road synthesis. The invention aims to improve the result quality of automatic road synthesis and make the result more accord with the cognitive habits of people.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of road data to be integrated (raw road data)
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a POI distribution map within a 15m buffer on both sides of a roadway
FIG. 3 (a) is a road attribute feature metric map
FIG. 3 (b) is a road topology feature metric map
FIG. 3 (c) is a road geometry and distribution feature metric map
FIG. 4 is a comparison chart of road importance results of whether to consider POI facilities around the road
Fig. 5 is a diagram of the selection results of different selection ratios.
Detailed Description
In order to explain technical contents, structural features, objects to be achieved, and effects to be achieved of the present invention in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the embodiments.
The implementation steps of the invention can be summarized in two parts: calculating the geometric, topological, distribution and attribute characteristic measurement parameters of the road and calculating the comprehensive importance of the road. The individual implementation steps are further described below.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is carried out according to the following steps.
1. And calculating geometric characteristic parameters of the road, namely calculating the length and the width of the road.
2. The calculation of the topological characteristic parameters of the road mainly comprises the calculation of a connection value, a control value, a total depth value and a global integration level:
(1) connection value: refers to the total number of other roads in the spatial system that intersect a road. The connection value may reflect the importance of the link. The formula is as followsC i Representing a roadiThe connection value of (a) is greater than (b),krepresentation and roadiTotal number of other roads directly connected
(2) Control values: indicating the degree of control or impact of a link on its adjacent links. The formula of the method is as follows,Ctrl i representing a roadiA control value of (d);N i is related to the roadiA set of directly connected other roads;C j representing a roadjIs connected to
(3) Total depth value: represents the sum of the minimum steps required by a certain node to reach all other nodes in the space system (the step number refers to the value of the topology space, namely the distance between two adjacent nodes is one step). The smaller the total depth value of a node, the more convenient it is in a spatial system. The formula is as follows, whereinTD i Representing a roadiThe value of the total depth of the image,nwhich represents the total number of roads,d ij representing a roadiTo the roadjMinimum number of steps
(4) Global integration level: the closeness of the connection between one road and all other roads in the system is reflected, and the accessibility of a certain road to other roads in the whole system is represented. The formula is as follows, whereinG i Representing a roadiThe degree of global integration of (a) is,MD i representing a roadiIs determined by the average depth value of (a),nindicating the total number of roads.
3. Calculating the distribution characteristic parameters of the road:
step 1: calculating the linear density value of the whole area by the formula
Step 2: and extracting the break points of each road, taking the linear density values of the break points as the density values of the break points, and taking the average linear density values of all the break points on the road as the density values of the road.
4. Calculation of attribute characteristic parameters of road, i.e. 3 measurement parameters constructed by the invention and mainly used, and road grade
Step 1: cleaning and sorting POI data, and dividing the POI data into 9 types shown in the table 1 according to the national standard of urban land classification;
TABLE 1 POI functional Classification
Step 2, comprehensively considering urban planning principles and practical situations, counting types and quantity of POI facilities in the range of 15m buffer areas at two sides of a road, and respectively calculating three measurement parameters of facility point density, important facility ratio and special facility ratio:
(1) facility point density: the density of all POI facility points in the neighborhood of a road buffer area is measured, and the quantity distribution condition of facilities of residential areas around the road can be reflected. The formula of the method is as follows,PD i representing a roadiThe density of the facility points of (a),TP i representing a roadiThe total number of all POI facilities within the buffer neighborhood,L i representing a roadiLength of (2)
(2) The ratio of the important facilities: the proportion of important facility points on one road to the important facility points in the whole area is measured. A key point of care refers to a POI facility of the government department type having an administrative level. The facilities of the type are necessarily represented in a common map or a thematic map, and are called key geographic elements. The formula is as followsIPR i Representing a roadiThe ratio of the important facilities of (a),IP i representing a roadiThe total number of important POI facilities in the buffer neighborhood,IPrepresenting the total number of POI facility points of interest throughout the area
(3) Thematic facility ratio: when different drawing requirements are met, important consideration is given to mapsThe geographic elements of concern are different. Therefore, this index varies according to the thematic requirements of the drawing. For example, when an education topic map is created, the index refers to the ratio of education POI facilities such as schools, and when a business topic map is created, the index refers to the ratio of business service POI facilities. The metric may not be calculated when the synthesis of the non-thematic map is performed. The formula is as followsSPR i Representing a roadiThe ratio of the subject facilities of (a),SP i representing a roadiThe total number of topical POI facilities within the buffer neighborhood,SPrepresenting the total number of thematic POI facility points throughout the area.
5. Calculation of road synthetic importance
Step 1: after calculating all measurement parameters of the geometric, topological, distribution and attribute characteristics of the road, firstly, carrying out normalization operation, wherein the formula is as follows
Step 2: and calculating the comprehensive importance of the road by combining the weights of different characteristic measurement parameters and using the following formula.
6. And (4) selecting a road. After the calculation of the comprehensive importance of the roads is completed, the roads with larger comprehensive importance of the roads can be selected according to the sorting of the values from large to small and the selection of the roads with larger comprehensive importance of the roads is completed according to the selection proportion or the number.
In summary, the invention uses the POI data to construct the metric parameters of the three road attribute characteristics, and further constructs the road comprehensive importance index by combining with other characteristic parameters of road topology, geometry and distribution such as connection values, control values, total depth values and the like to select the road. Experiments prove that the method can improve the result quality of automatic road synthesis, so that the result is more in line with the cognitive habits of people, and the method has a better effect.
Claims (2)
1. A road selection method for collaborative POI data is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) the method comprises the steps of taking POI data as a data source, firstly cleaning and sorting the data, and then reclassifying POI points according to the national standard of urban land classification; secondly, determining the width of a buffer area influencing the road according to a planning control line, and constructing the buffer areas on two sides of the road according to the width value; thirdly, counting different types of POI facility points falling into the range of each road buffer area, and calculating three proposed characteristic parameters: density of facility points: (
) Critical facility ratio of
) Ratio of subject facilities: (
) (ii) a (2) The method comprises the steps of taking facility point density, important facility ratio, special facility ratio and road grade as attribute characteristic measurement parameters of a road, combining geometric, topological and distribution characteristic measurement parameters of the road, carrying out normalization and weight division calculation to obtain a road comprehensive importance index, and finally carrying out road selection from large to small according to a selection ratio in combination with the road comprehensive importance index.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the geometric characteristics of the link in the step (2) are measured by link length and link width, the topological characteristics of the link are measured by calculating link values, control values, total depth values, and global integration levels of the link, and the distribution characteristics of the link are measured by calculating average density of the link.
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| CN110008837B (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2022-04-29 | 东南大学 | Quick realization method for calculating POI according to closed polygon of road network |
| CN110008602B (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2020-03-17 | 中国测绘科学研究院 | Road network selection method considering multi-feature coordination under large scale |
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| CN103258043A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-08-21 | 南京师范大学 | POI simplifying parallel computing method based on road mesh hierarchical structure division |
| CN106683112A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2017-05-17 | 中国交通通信信息中心 | High-resolution image-based road region building change extraction method |
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| CN103246650A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2013-08-14 | 北京四维图新科技股份有限公司 | Road logic model and manufacture method thereof |
| CN103258043A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-08-21 | 南京师范大学 | POI simplifying parallel computing method based on road mesh hierarchical structure division |
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