CN107117704A - The sequencing batch active sludge of low sludge yield - Google Patents
The sequencing batch active sludge of low sludge yield Download PDFInfo
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- CN107117704A CN107117704A CN201710522709.1A CN201710522709A CN107117704A CN 107117704 A CN107117704 A CN 107117704A CN 201710522709 A CN201710522709 A CN 201710522709A CN 107117704 A CN107117704 A CN 107117704A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
- C02F3/1263—Sequencing batch reactors [SBR]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1205—Particular type of activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1221—Particular type of activated sludge processes comprising treatment of the recirculated sludge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/06—Sludge reduction, e.g. by lysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/20—Sludge processing
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of sequencing batch active sludge of low sludge yield.Sewage is entered sbr reactor pond by the present invention, the acidification sludge flowed back by sludge acidification pool enters sbr reactor pond, sewage and acidification sludge form mixed liquor and in chronological order experience water inlet, reaction, precipitation, draining and left unused in sbr reactor pond, supernatant after mud-water separation is used as water outlet discharge sbr reactor pond, excess sludge is emitted into sludge acidification pool into sludge acidification pool, and acidogenic fermentation is carried out under conditions of anaerobism；In the sludge that sludge acidification pool is discharged, a part of return of acidified sludge is to sbr reactor pond, and the acidification sludge of remainder, which is discharged, carries out sludge dewatering and disposal outside pond.Instant invention overcomes the defect that physics lysis, chemical lysis and biological lysis technology are individually present.Present invention comprehensive utilization Sludge Reduction Technologies and sequencing batch active sludge, efficiently remove the organic pollution and nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage, while sludge yield is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of sewage disposal technology, and in particular to a kind of sequencing batch active sludge of low sludge yield.
Background technology
At present, activated sludge process is topmost sewage water treatment method.The essence of Wastewater Treated by Activated Sludge Process waste water is by water
In pollutant be separated from the water in form of a sludge, and these sludge rich in substantial amounts of organic matter, pathogenic microorganism, bacterium,
Parasite etc., or even also contain synthesis of organic substance and poisonous and harmful substance., will be to surrounding environment and people if not noting processing
Class health is adversely affected.By in by the end of September, 2016, national the planned city, county (being free of other organic towns) add up to build up dirt
Water treatment plant 3976, sewage treatment capacity is up to 1.7 × 108m3/ d, year produces more than 4,000 ten thousand tons of the sludge of water content 80%, remains
Remaining Treatment of Sludge and disposal costs account for the 25%~65% of whole sewage plant investment and operation total cost.At present for excess sludge
Method of disposal still predominantly stay in burning and the landfill stage, this to China build innovation-oriented country be not long-term plan, and
Country can not be met in economic development for Ecological Civilization Construction and the new demand of environmental protection.Excess sludge volume is big, place
The problems such as reason is costly and difficult turns into the bottleneck of current wastewater treatment, in order to meet water quality, water and Ecology
Integrated management, explores effective Sludge Reduction Technologies extremely urgent.
Sludge handling process is inseparable with the value-added process of sludge generation, and the generation process for excess sludge is closed
Reason regulation, on the premise of sewage treating efficiency is ensured, the sludge Sources decreasing technology for realizing sludge low-yield has been to solve
The desirable route of excess sludge problem.At present, domestic and foreign scholars for this outstanding problem of excess sludge largely grind
Study carefully.The effects such as yield and microorganism endogenous respiration, energetic supersession and microorganism predation due to excess sludge are related, so at present
Conventional Sludge Reduction Technologies mainly realize mud decrement by following four approach：(1) it is metabolized uncoupling technology；(2) strengthen
Endogenous respiration is acted on；(3) lysis technology (solubilization)；(4) technology that reinforcing microfauna is preyed on to bacterium.Solution is even
Connection technology by the catabolism and anabolism of catabolism and anabolism uncoupling, i.e. microorganism by passing through ATP (adenosines
Triphosphoric acid) and both ADP (adenosine diphosphate) conversion be coupled together, reduction ATP synthetic quantities or increase ATP consumption (examples
Such as heat energy release), and reduce microbial cell synthesis, you can reduce sludge quantity.It is penetrating that uncoupling agent is that one kind can change film
Property lipophilic molecule material, in faintly acid, itself can be combined with H+, reduce microbial cell film to H+ resistances, make its across
Cell membrane, the proton gradient of reduction film both sides, low proton gradient suppresses synthesis of the ATP synzyme to ATP, so as to reduce oxidation
ATP amounts produced by phosphorylation, make its oxidizing process using form of thermal energy as main power consumption so that anabolism and decomposition generation
Thank to generation solution to couple.But at present chemical uncoupling mechanism with sludge yield with hit that to wait influence to study viewpoint different in technique,
And bring the problems such as problem, the deterioration of effluent quality and Sludge Property change not solve all to environment, engineering is actual should
With remain dispute, and add decoupling joint conference increase sewage disposal expense.Enhanced endogenesis respiration refers to that increase is thin
Born of the same parents are non-, and growth maintains energy, the energy synthesized for cell can be reduced, so as to lower sludge yield.Improve sludge retention time and interior
Source respiratory rate can reduce sludge observed growth yield, so as to reduce excess sludge discharge capacity.Improve sludge retention time
Related process can all increase energy consumption, operating cost is improved, so this sludge reduction technology has limitation.
Lysis technology refers to use physics lysis, chemical lysis, the method for biological lysis, promotes cell to dissolve and discharge born of the same parents
Interior material forms the substrates that can be re-used by microbial cell into water.
Before the present invention makes, current physics lysis technique mainly has using technology：The broken born of the same parents of high temperature, machinery are (such as sharp
Destroy cell with the pressure of the generations such as ultrasonic wave, high-speed jet pump, high speed agitator), freeze and dissolve.Chemical lysis technique master
To have using technology：Acid, alkali process, wherein advanced oxidation (main ozone oxidation, oxychloride), ozone lysis most study are smelly
Oxygen is a kind of strong oxidizer, with stronger lysis characteristic, can kill the microorganism in sludge, be conducive to oxidative cell and release
Put organic matter.Biological lysis technology, which refers mainly to add the microorganism that can secrete ectoenzyme or enzyme preparation and antibiotic, to be made among sludge
Bacteria cell wall is destroyed, intracellular substrate dissolution.Enzyme can not only promote cell to dissolve, but also difficult degradation can be made biological big
Molecular organic is degraded to small-molecule substance, and this is conducive to matrix by the secondary utilization of bacterium.The bacterium added can come from digestion
Pond, can consider, it might even be possible to which selection has the fungi of secretion dissolving material from lysozyme is convenient.Physics lysis and chemical lysis skill
Art has a limitation, for example, high energy consumption and need task equipment these are all unfavorable for its development, generation cell is cracked in addition after
Cell waste (cell wall fragments etc.) enters in sewage increased water-quality COD, SS because of its difficult degradation, while system of units
Sludge volume of uniting is reduced, and nitrogen and phosphorus in unit water outlet can be caused to increased.Although biological lysis method effect on environment is small, efficiency
Height, but rather expensive.
The content of the invention
The object of the invention, which is that, to be overcome drawbacks described above there is provided a kind of sequencing batch active sludge of low sludge yield.
The technical scheme is that：
The sequencing batch active sludge of low sludge yield, it is as follows that it is mainly characterized by step：
(1) sewage by pretreatment enters sbr reactor pond, while the acidification sludge flowed back by sludge acidification pool enters
Sbr reactor pond, sewage and acidification sludge form mixed liquor in sbr reactor pond；Mixed liquor undergoes water inlet in chronological order, anti-
Should, precipitation, draining and leave unused five basic working procedures；Supernatant after mud-water separation is anti-as water outlet discharge SBR in bleeding stage
Ying Chi, excess sludge is emitted into sludge acidification pool；
(2) excess sludge enters sludge acidification pool, and acidogenic fermentation is carried out under conditions of anaerobism；In the discharge of sludge acidification pool
Sludge in, a part of return of acidified sludge to sbr reactor pond carries out sludge outside the acidification sludge discharge pond of remainder and taken off
Water and disposal.
The acidification sludge that sbr reactor pond receives in the step (1) comes from step (2)；In sbr reactor pond, acidifying is dirty
Mud and sewage carry out being mixed to form mixed liquor.
In the sludge that sludge acidification pool is discharged in the step (2), a part of return of acidified sludge to sbr reactor pond；
In sludge acidification pool, sludge carries out acidogenic fermentation.
Advantages of the present invention and effect are：
1. the dissolved organic matter contained by acidification sludge is made to the method for sludge acidification pool using return of acidified sludge
(such as aliphatic acid and alcohols) is degraded by microorganisms in sbr reactor pond, can reach the above object of mud decrement 30%.
2. with good dephosphorization and denitrification effect, flexibly, automaticity is high for technique, and effluent quality is good.
3. with ultrasonic wave, ozone, add energy uncoupling agent etc. to the treatment technology of excess sludge compared with, present invention process
Any chemical drugs profit or biological agent need not be added, energy expenditure is low, and effect on environment is small.
Present invention comprehensive utilization Sludge Reduction Technologies and sequencing batch active sludge, efficiently remove the organic contamination in sewage
Thing and nitrogen and phosphorus, while sludge yield is greatly reduced.
The other specific advantages and effect of the present invention will be gone on to say below.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the sequencing batch active sludge process schematic representation of low sludge yield of the invention.
Sewage after preprocessed processing, and by sludge acidification pool Lai acidification sludge together enter sbr reactor pond；SBR
The water outlet discharge system of reaction tank, the excess sludge of sbr reactor pond discharge enters sludge acidification pool and carries out acidifying fermentation；Sludge acid
In the acidification sludge for changing pond discharge, a part is back to sbr reactor pond, and another part carries out sludge dewatering and disposal.
Embodiment
The present invention technical thought be：
By setting sludge acidification pool, acted on using the acidogenic fermentation of microorganism, the SBR excess sludges discharged are produced
Acid fermentation, promotes cell to dissolve and discharges intracellular organic matter into water, forms the substrate base that can be re-used by microbial cell
Matter, to reach the purpose of biological lysis；Meanwhile, by return of acidified sludge into sbr reactor pond, wrapped in one side acidification sludge
The dissolved organic matter contained is degraded by the activated sludge in sbr reactor pond and utilized, and on the other hand, the backflow of acidification sludge will significantly
The endogenous respiration effect of reinforcement sludge, reduces the energy synthesized for cell.Therefore, breathed in biological lysis and enhanced endogenesis
Under the synergy of effect, sludge yield of the invention is substantially reduced.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, the present invention will be described.
Sewage disinfection treatment may include coarse rack, fine fack, setting pot or except slag bath etc., the suspension larger to remove volume
Thing, floating object and proportion larger inorganic particle and grease, to mitigate the burden in sbr reactor pond.Sbr reactor pond receives by advance
The sewage managed and come, acidification sludge is selected into sbr reactor pond in SBR fill phases, and sewage and sludge form mixed in sbr reactor pond
Close liquid, the dissolved organic matter (such as aliphatic acid and alcohols) contained by acidification sludge in sbr reactor pond over time
And progressively degraded.Provided in the time series of sbr reactor pond and detest anoxic (D0 ＜ 0.2mg/L, NOx ＞ 0mg/L) and aerobic (D0
＞ 3mg/L) environmental condition, make to detest/anoxia condition under realize and realize nitrification and phosphorus under the release of denitrification and phosphorus, aerobic condition
Excessive intake so that effectively denitrogenation dephosphorizing.Dissolved organic matter entrained by acidification sludge is easy to be utilized by polyP bacteria, energy
Enough improve the phosphor-removing effect in sbr reactor pond.By the way of blast aeration, mixed liquor suspended solid, MLSS (MLSS) concentration be 2000~
More than 90% organic matter is removed in sbr reactor pond in 5000mg/L, sewage.The precipitation of sewage and sludge in sbr reactor pond
Stage carries out mud-water separation, and supernatant and excess sludge are discharged respectively.
In precipitate phase, the excess sludge of SBR discharges enters sludge acidification pool, enters water-filling under conditions of anaerobism first
Solution, the i.e. organic substance of complicated non-solubility is converted into simple dissolubility list in the presence of the extracellular hydrolase of acidogenic bactria
Body or dimer；Then, the simple dissolved organic matter that hydrolysis stage is produced is aliphatic acid, alcohols by anaerobic microbial conversion
Deng, that is, carry out the acidogenic fermentation stage.Sludge carries out acidogenic fermentation under conditions of anaerobism, so that the sludge of non-solubility is turned
The aliphatic acid and alcohols of deliquescent bio-degradable are turned to, this process is the biological process of lysis of sludge.Sludge acidification pool
The biosolids residence time (sludge age) is generally 3 days~9 days.In the sludge of sludge acidification pool discharge, wherein 30%-70% is returned
It flow to outside sbr reactor pond, wherein 70%-30% discharges pond and carries out sludge dewatering and disposal outward transport.Return of acidified sludge is anti-to SBR
Ying Chi, can significantly improve the sludge age of whole system, so that the endogenous respiration effect of reinforcement sludge significantly, is reduced for thin
The energy of born of the same parents' synthesis.Therefore, under the synergy of biological lysis and enhanced endogenesis respiration, sludge production of the invention
Rate is substantially reduced.
Embodiment 1：
Intake as typical urban sewage, amount of inlet water is 20,000 ton days.Municipal sewage first passes around the pretreatment such as grid and set
Apply and remove the larger suspension of proportion, the anaerobic sludge flowed back by sludge acidification pool enters sbr reactor pond, sewage in fill phase
Mixed liquor is formed in sbr reactor pond with sludge, with five processes of water inlet together experience sbr reactor pond, is followed successively by into water, detests
Anoxic, aeration, precipitation, draining.One work period of sbr reactor pond is 8 hours, daily 3 cycles of operation, is realized 24 hours
Continuous and automatic is run.Anoxic phases are detested using churned mechanically mode so that sewage and sludge are sufficiently mixed contact, and control is molten
Solve oxygen and be less than 0.2mg/L, phosphorus, denitrification process are put so as to realize.Aeration phase passes through control by the way of air blower aeration
Aeration intensity causes dissolved oxygen to be more than 2mg/L, it is ensured that the biodegradation of dirty Organic substance in water, nitration reaction and inhale smoothly entering for phosphorus
OK, while there is provided the nitrate nitrogen needed for denitrification.In precipitate phase latter stage, excess sludge is emitted at sludge acidification pool
Reason.The water outlet of sbr reactor pond goes three-level sewage disposal or as processing water discharge system.Sludge acidification pool uses mechanical agitation side
Formula, oxidation-reduction potential ORP can drop to below -200mV.In sludge acidification pool, the organic substance of complicated non-solubility
Simple dissolubility monomer or dimer are converted into the presence of the extracellular hydrolase of acidogenic bactria, then, hydrolysis stage is produced
Simple dissolved organic matter by anaerobic microbial conversion be aliphatic acid, alcohols etc..50% return of acidified sludge is anti-to anaerobism
Device is answered, 50% acidification sludge carries out sludge treatment after dehydration by national requirements outward transport.SBR sludge age is controlled on 20 days left sides
The right side, the sludge age of sludge acidification pool is controlled at 5 days or so, and the sludge age of whole technique is because the backflow of acidification sludge can reach
By more than 50 days, so as to enhance endogenous respiration effect significantly.In the collaboration of biological lysis and enhanced endogenesis respiration
Under effect, sludge yield of the invention is compared with conventional SBR technique reduction by more than 30%.
The effluent quality of present example processing can reach town sewage plant first discharge standard B, such as to reach one-level
Discharge standard A, then need to carry out tertiary treatment (can increase the conventional process such as coagulation, filtering, sterilization).In typical urban sewage
In the case of influent quality, sludge yield of the present invention is 0.084gMLSS/gCOD, less than the sludge yield of conventional SBR technique
(0.124gMLSS/gCOD).The present invention is shown in Table 1 with conventional SBR technics comparing：
Table 1
Although present disclosure is discussed in detail by above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that above-mentioned
Description should not be considered as limitations of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read the above, for the present invention's
A variety of modifications and substitutions all will be apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. the sequencing batch active sludge of low sludge yield, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
(1) sewage by pretreatment enters sbr reactor pond, while the acidification sludge flowed back by sludge acidification pool is anti-into SBR
Ying Chi, sewage and acidification sludge form mixed liquor in sbr reactor pond；Mixed liquor undergoes water inlet, reaction, sunk in chronological order
Shallow lake, draining and five basic working procedures of leaving unused；Supernatant after mud-water separation discharges sbr reactor pond in bleeding stage as water outlet,
Excess sludge is emitted into sludge acidification pool；
(2) excess sludge enters sludge acidification pool, and acidogenic fermentation is carried out under conditions of anaerobism；The dirt discharged in sludge acidification pool
In mud, a part of return of acidified sludge to sbr reactor pond, carry out outside the acidification sludge discharge pond of remainder sludge dewatering and
Disposal.
2. the sequencing batch active sludge of low sludge yield according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (1)
The acidification sludge that sbr reactor pond receives comes from step (2)；In sbr reactor pond, acidification sludge and sewage be mixed to form mixed
Close liquid.
3. the sequencing batch active sludge of low sludge yield according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step (2)
In the sludge that sludge acidification pool is discharged in sludge acidification pool, a part of return of acidified sludge to sbr reactor pond；In sludge acidification pool
In, sludge carries out acidogenic fermentation.
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| CN201710522709.1A CN107117704A (en) | 2017-06-28 | 2017-06-28 | The sequencing batch active sludge of low sludge yield |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5013441A (en) * | 1988-07-20 | 1991-05-07 | Goronszy Mervyn C | Biological nutrient removal with sludge bulking control in a batch activated sludge system |
| CN101746888A (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-23 | 中国石化上海石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for reducing excess sludge yield rate of aerobic unit for activated sludge and sewage treatment process |
| CN102060412A (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2011-05-18 | 天津城市建设学院 | Device and method for improving biological dephosphorizing and denitriding efficiency of low carbon source sewage |
| CN102774958A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-11-14 | 同济大学 | Sewage and sludge treatment method for achieving good biological phosphorus removal and improving acid production of sludge |
| CN103910431A (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2014-07-09 | 北京工业大学 | Device and method for enhancing reduction of denitrified coupling sludge in urban sewage by using intra-sludge carbon sources by two stages of sequencing batch reactors (SBR) |
| CN104261561A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-07 | 扬州大学 | Sequencing batch reactor activated sludge process (SBR) with low yield of sludge and low energy consumption |
| CN104355515A (en) * | 2014-10-18 | 2015-02-18 | 北京工业大学 | Method for intensifying biological nitrogen removal and reducing sludge based on anaerobic fermentation of sludge |
| CN104843866A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-19 | 扬州大学 | Sewage disposal method with low sludge yield and low energy consumption |
-
2017
- 2017-06-28 CN CN201710522709.1A patent/CN107117704A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5013441A (en) * | 1988-07-20 | 1991-05-07 | Goronszy Mervyn C | Biological nutrient removal with sludge bulking control in a batch activated sludge system |
| CN101746888A (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2010-06-23 | 中国石化上海石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for reducing excess sludge yield rate of aerobic unit for activated sludge and sewage treatment process |
| CN102060412A (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2011-05-18 | 天津城市建设学院 | Device and method for improving biological dephosphorizing and denitriding efficiency of low carbon source sewage |
| CN102774958A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-11-14 | 同济大学 | Sewage and sludge treatment method for achieving good biological phosphorus removal and improving acid production of sludge |
| CN103910431A (en) * | 2014-04-03 | 2014-07-09 | 北京工业大学 | Device and method for enhancing reduction of denitrified coupling sludge in urban sewage by using intra-sludge carbon sources by two stages of sequencing batch reactors (SBR) |
| CN104261561A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-07 | 扬州大学 | Sequencing batch reactor activated sludge process (SBR) with low yield of sludge and low energy consumption |
| CN104355515A (en) * | 2014-10-18 | 2015-02-18 | 北京工业大学 | Method for intensifying biological nitrogen removal and reducing sludge based on anaerobic fermentation of sludge |
| CN104843866A (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-08-19 | 扬州大学 | Sewage disposal method with low sludge yield and low energy consumption |
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