CN107116218A - A kind of use low-melting alloy is easy to the method that metal 3D printing removes support - Google Patents
A kind of use low-melting alloy is easy to the method that metal 3D printing removes support Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107116218A CN107116218A CN201710343621.3A CN201710343621A CN107116218A CN 107116218 A CN107116218 A CN 107116218A CN 201710343621 A CN201710343621 A CN 201710343621A CN 107116218 A CN107116218 A CN 107116218A
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- Prior art keywords
- printing
- low
- melting alloy
- metal
- easy
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/40—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards
- B22F10/43—Structures for supporting workpieces or articles during manufacture and removed afterwards characterised by material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
- B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/53—Nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/55—Two or more means for feeding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/70—Recycling
- B22F10/73—Recycling of powder
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
It is easy to the method that metal 3D printing removes support the invention discloses a kind of use low-melting alloy, using double nozzle printing systems, main jet head supply subject material, main component for printed product, secondary shower nozzle supplies low melting point alloy, for the support member of printed product, when being heat-treated after finished product printing shaping, backing material is melted.Present invention can apply to the 3D printing method of direct metal fusing, low-melting alloy auxiliary supporting material can be removed while Technology for Heating Processing is carried out, therefore relative to original processing in whole process, new process procedure is not increased, it can be saved the plenty of time compared to other post processing modes, use manpower and material resources sparingly cost, and can obtain more preferable surface quality.Meanwhile, the low-melting alloy after fusing can more meet the principle of green manufacturing with recycling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal 3D printing technique, in particular relate to one kind and be easy to the metal 3D printing later stage to remove support
The method of material.
Background technology
3D printing technique is by the principle that is layering, when manufacturing complex-shaped workpiece with prominent advantage.With
Two kinds can be divided into the mode of metal assembly 3D printing, DIRECT ENERGY is deposited and powder bed melting type formula, wherein DIRECT ENERGY
Sedimentation type is the mode that powder or wire rod are supplied using shower nozzle, using the energy formation molten bath of laser or electron beam at shower nozzle,
Direct cladding raw material, and obtain forming metal by predefined paths stacked in multi-layers.Compared to powder bed melting type, DIRECT ENERGY deposition
Formula possesses higher print speed, is printed while can realizing multiple material when using many shower nozzle feed systems, therefore tool
Have wide practical use.
But DIRECT ENERGY sedimentation type is there is also larger defect, because being the principle being layering, compared to powder bed fusing
The pendency angle that formula can be realized when printing hollow out or overhung structure is smaller, easily caves in, at this moment, adds backing material
It is a kind of effective means.But the removal of backing material often brings unexpected trouble after the completion of printing.Plastics or
The support of other polymers material product, because hardness is relatively low, can be removed by instruments such as pliers, or use soluble material
Material is immersed in lysate as support, workpiece after having printed, and backing material can be dissolved.But printed in the 3d of metal material
In technique, remove backing material with pliers and expend very much the time, removal effect is also not ideal enough, in addition it is also necessary to which the later stage polishes, and extremely
The present can be used as auxiliary supporting material without discovery water-soluble metal.
Because the removal of backing material can not be handled very well, when printing at present contains the overhung structure of larger pendency angle,
Tiltable workbench, five shaft platforms or mechanical arm are normally applied, the achievable maximum pendency angle upper limit is improved, but compared to three
Co-ordinate-type is, it is necessary to increase the manual path planning of complexity, and cost is high.
Owen J.Hildreth et al. use mild steel as backing material when printing stainless steel material, and with electrochemical
The method for learning corrosion dissolves backing material, and the achievement is published in《3D Printing and Additive
Manufacturing》Magazine " Dissolvable Metal Supports for 3D Direct Metal Printing " one
Wen Zhong.But this method needs to select suitable auxiliary material and lytic agent, operation is more complicated, still needs the long period, and
And the backing material used during printing is more, the consumed time is dissolved also longer.In addition, backing material and lytic agent be not
It can recycle, not meet the theory of green manufacturing.
The content of the invention
It is simpler efficiently for after DIRECT ENERGY sedimentation type metal 3D printing it is an object of the invention to provide one kind
The method that phase removes Auxiliary support, this method can remove support on the premise of process procedure is not increased, and realize support
The recycling of material.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of use low-melting alloy is easy to the method that metal 3D printing removes support, using double nozzle printing systems, main
Shower nozzle supply subject material, for the main component of printed product, secondary shower nozzle supplies low melting point alloy, for printed product
Support member, when being heat-treated after finished product printing shaping, support member is melted.
Further, before the printing, first by upper computer software, according to the structure of workpiece to be formed addition auxiliary branch
Support, then generation includes the slice of data of each layer of printing path, and uploads on printer.
Further, printer is according to slice of data, the automatic shower nozzle performed needed for predefined paths and switching, in printing master
Main jet head is moved during body material, the prismatic pair shower nozzle when printing backing material；Melt layer by layer and solidify completion blank and make.
Further, due to metal, cooling velocity is very fast during 3D printing, can produce residual stress, therefore generally need
It is heat-treated.And the maximum feature of low-melting alloy is exactly that fusing point is low (less than 232 DEG C), what different metal materials was selected
Heat treatment temperature is each variant, but far above this temperature, therefore can just be melted while being heat-treated to finished product
And get rid of.The fusing point of the backing material of use is less than heat treatment temperature of the workpiece when being heat-treated.
Further, the selection of described backing material is selected according to described material of main part, it is desirable to backing material
Fusing point be less than material of main part.
Further, described backing material uses low-melting alloy.
Further, container collection is used after low-melting alloy fusing, because physical change, material only occur for consolidation process
Chemical property does not change, therefore powder or wire feedstock are remanufactured after can reclaiming, and realizes Reuse of materials.
The beneficial effect that the present invention can be realized：
Present invention can apply to the 3D printing method of direct metal fusing, low-melting alloy auxiliary supporting material can enter
It is removed while row Technology for Heating Processing, therefore does not increase new technique ring relative to original processing in whole process
Section, can be saved the plenty of time, use manpower and material resources sparingly cost, and can obtain more preferable surface compared to other post processing modes
Quality.Meanwhile, the low-melting alloy after fusing can more meet the principle of green manufacturing with recycling.
Brief description of the drawings
The Figure of description for constituting the part of the application is used for providing further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its illustrate be used for explain the application, do not constitute the improper restriction to the application.
Fig. 1 overhung structure schematic diagrames；
Fig. 2 supporting construction schematic diagrames；
In figure：1 workpiece, 2 low-melting alloy Auxiliary supports, 3 substrates.
Embodiment
Down it is noted that described further below is all exemplary, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless
Otherwise indicated, all technologies used herein and scientific terminology are with logical with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings understood.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singulative
It is also intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in this manual using term "comprising" and/or " bag
Include " when, it indicates existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or combinations thereof.
Use low-melting alloy disclosed by the invention is easy to the method that metal 3D printing removes support, using double nozzle printings
System, main jet head supply subject material, for the main component of printed product, secondary shower nozzle supplies low melting point alloy, is used for
The support member of printed product, when being heat-treated after finished product printing shaping, backing material is melted；Specifically such as Fig. 1,2 institutes
Show, workpiece 1 and low-melting alloy Auxiliary support are formed on the substrate 3, and low-melting alloy Auxiliary support 2 is passed through by workpiece 1
Support, in follow-up PROCESS FOR TREATMENT, low-melting alloy Auxiliary support 2 will be melted；Specific technical process is as follows：
1. before the printing, first by upper computer software, Auxiliary support is added according to the structure of workpiece to be formed, then
Generation includes the slice of data of each layer of printing path, and uploads on printer.
2. printer is according to slice of data, the automatic shower nozzle performed needed for predefined paths and switching, in type body material
Shi Yidong main jet heads, the prismatic pair shower nozzle when printing backing material；Melt layer by layer and solidify completion blank and make.
3. cooling velocity is very fast during 3D printing due to metal, residual stress can be produced, therefore usually requires to carry out
Heat treatment.And the maximum feature of low-melting alloy is exactly that fusing point is low (less than 232 DEG C), the heat treatment that different metal materials is selected
Temperature is each variant, but far above this temperature, therefore can just be melted and removed while being heat-treated to finished product
Fall.
4. low-melting alloy recycling.Container collection is used after low-melting alloy fusing, because consolidation process is only sent out
Raw physical change, materials chemistry property does not change, therefore remanufactures powder or wire feedstock after can reclaiming, and realizes material
Recycle.
Below exemplified by printing stainless steel arcuate body workpiece, make Auxiliary support using 200 DEG C of bismuth tin low-melting alloys, this
The step of invention, is as follows：
1. preparing 316L stainless steels and bismuth tin low-melting alloy powder, 316L stainless steels are installed in main jet head system
Face, bismuth tin low-melting alloy powder is installed to inside secondary shower nozzle feed system.
2. part model is uploaded into host computer, section is completed, slice of data is imported into printer, start printing.
3. the workpiece with support is put into heating furnace and is heat-treated by printing after finishing with tinfoil parcel, it is reasonable to put into
Position can naturally flow down and collect after being melted so as to low-melting alloy；The heating-up temperature for setting heat treatment is 600 DEG C, soaking time
2 hours；Proceed by heat treatment.
4. workpiece is taken out in heat treatment after terminating, separation workpiece, substrate use container collection after low-melting alloy fusing, by
Only occur physical change in consolidation process, materials chemistry property does not change, therefore weight after bismuth tin low-melting alloy can be reclaimed
Coming of new powder or wire feedstock, realize Reuse of materials.
Although above-mentioned the embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawing, not to present invention protection model
The limitation enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not
Need to pay various modifications or deform still within protection scope of the present invention that creative work can make.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of use low-melting alloy is easy to the method that metal 3D printing removes support, it is characterised in that beaten using double shower nozzles
Print system, main jet head supply subject material, for the main component of printed product, secondary shower nozzle supplies low melting point alloy, uses
In the support member of printed product, when being heat-treated after finished product printing shaping, backing material is melted.
2. it is easy to the method that metal 3D printing removes support using low-melting alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Before the printing, first by upper computer software, Auxiliary support is added according to the structure of workpiece to be formed, then generation is comprising every
The slice of data of one layer of printing path, and upload on printer.
3. it is easy to the method that metal 3D printing removes support using low-melting alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Printer is according to slice of data, and the automatic shower nozzle performed needed for predefined paths and switching moves main jet in type body material
Head, the prismatic pair shower nozzle when printing backing material；Melt layer by layer and solidify completion blank and make.
4. it is easy to the method that metal 3D printing removes support using low-melting alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The fusing point of the backing material of use is less than heat treatment temperature of the workpiece when being heat-treated.
5. it is easy to the method that metal 3D printing removes support using low-melting alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
The selection of described backing material is selected according to described material of main part, it is desirable to which the fusing point of backing material is less than main body material
Material.
6. it is easy to the method that metal 3D printing removes support using low-melting alloy as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that
Described backing material uses low-melting alloy.
7. it is easy to the method that metal 3D printing removes support using low-melting alloy as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that
Described low-melting alloy uses container collection after being melted down, and powder or wire feedstock are remanufactured after recovery, realizes that material is sharp again
With.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710343621.3A CN107116218A (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2017-05-16 | A kind of use low-melting alloy is easy to the method that metal 3D printing removes support |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710343621.3A CN107116218A (en) | 2017-05-16 | 2017-05-16 | A kind of use low-melting alloy is easy to the method that metal 3D printing removes support |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108385282A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-08-10 | 厦门理工学院 | A kind of preparation method of 3 D stereo tunica fibrosa |
| CN109014193A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-18 | 首钢集团有限公司 | A kind of hot-work die forming method having conformal cooling |
| CN109604588A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-12 | 重庆科创职业学院 | Middle low-melting-point metal cladding printing and support minimizing technology based on solid granulates guidance |
| CN111390169A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-07-10 | 南京尚吉增材制造研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing suspension structure by combining metal three-dimensional forming heterogeneous support and chemical milling |
| WO2020201012A1 (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2020-10-08 | Grohe Ag | Method for removing loose residues, especially in the manufacture of a housing of a sanitary fitting |
| CN111822713A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-27 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | 3D printing part strengthening method |
| CN113560608A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-29 | 山东科技大学 | Composite laser selective melting device for printing support structure and forming method |
| CN113787195A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-14 | 浙江智熔增材制造技术有限公司 | Method for preparing metal cantilever structure or hollow structure in additive mode |
| CN113927375A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2022-01-14 | 蓝箭航天空间科技股份有限公司 | Automatic support removing method based on 3D metal printing |
| CN114274505A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-05 | 山东大学 | Sandwich plate fused deposition printing support structure generation method and system |
| US11433457B2 (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2022-09-06 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Creating a breakaway region |
| CN115195106A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-10-18 | 上海酷鹰机器人科技有限公司 | Printing process for vertical stacking molding |
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| CN1597193A (en) * | 2004-07-28 | 2005-03-23 | 西北工业大学 | Fast forming micro manufacturing method for non homogeneous functional device |
| CN104439919A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-03-25 | 山东大学 | Method for machining thin-wall flexible element with assistance of low-melting-point alloy |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11433457B2 (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2022-09-06 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Creating a breakaway region |
| US11498130B2 (en) | 2018-02-28 | 2022-11-15 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Three-dimensional printing |
| CN108385282A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-08-10 | 厦门理工学院 | A kind of preparation method of 3 D stereo tunica fibrosa |
| CN109014193A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-18 | 首钢集团有限公司 | A kind of hot-work die forming method having conformal cooling |
| CN109014193B (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2020-06-19 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Hot-working die forming method with conformal cooling function |
| CN109604588A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-04-12 | 重庆科创职业学院 | Middle low-melting-point metal cladding printing and support minimizing technology based on solid granulates guidance |
| CN109604588B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2021-08-27 | 重庆科创职业学院 | Medium-low melting point metal cladding printing and support removing method based on solid particle guiding |
| WO2020201012A1 (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2020-10-08 | Grohe Ag | Method for removing loose residues, especially in the manufacture of a housing of a sanitary fitting |
| CN111390169A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-07-10 | 南京尚吉增材制造研究院有限公司 | Method for preparing suspension structure by combining metal three-dimensional forming heterogeneous support and chemical milling |
| CN111822713A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-27 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | 3D printing part strengthening method |
| CN113560608A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-29 | 山东科技大学 | Composite laser selective melting device for printing support structure and forming method |
| CN113787195A (en) * | 2021-09-09 | 2021-12-14 | 浙江智熔增材制造技术有限公司 | Method for preparing metal cantilever structure or hollow structure in additive mode |
| CN113927375B (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2022-07-22 | 蓝箭航天空间科技股份有限公司 | Automatic support removing method based on 3D metal printing |
| CN113927375A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2022-01-14 | 蓝箭航天空间科技股份有限公司 | Automatic support removing method based on 3D metal printing |
| CN114274505A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-05 | 山东大学 | Sandwich plate fused deposition printing support structure generation method and system |
| CN114274505B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-08-30 | 山东大学 | Sandwich plate fused deposition printing support structure generation method and system |
| CN115195106A (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-10-18 | 上海酷鹰机器人科技有限公司 | Printing process for vertical stacking molding |
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