CN107113032A - Distributing antenna system for MIMO signal - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of distributing antenna system is disclosed, it includes being configured as exporting at least the first signal Ch1 and secondary signal Ch2 multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) base station 252.At least one master unit 260 communicates with MIMO base station 252.At least one remote unit 262,264 communicates with master unit 260.At least one antenna 270 is coupled with remote unit 262,264, for receiving signal from remote unit.Hybrid coupler 274 is coupling between remote unit 262,264 and antenna 270, and is configured as on corresponding first and second port receiving the first signal Ch1 and secondary signal Ch2 from remote unit 262,264 and is provided output signal at least one output port.Output signal includes the first signal Ch1 at least a portion and secondary signal Ch2 at least a portion.Antenna is coupled with output port.

Description

Distributing antenna system for MIMO signal

Related application

The application is entitled " the DISTRIBUTED ANTENNA SYSTEM FOR submitted on March 11st, 2013 MIMO SIGNALS " U.S. Patent Application Serial No.13/794,416 part continuation application.U.S. Patent Application Serial No.13/794,416 is entitled " the DISTRIBUTED ANTENNA SYSTEM FOR submitted on December 9th, 2009 Sequence No.12/634 is applied in MIMO SIGNALS " U.S. Patent Application Serial No.12/634,212 part continuation application, 212 are announced as United States Patent (USP) No.8 now, and 396,368, it is in bulletin on March 12nd, 2013.U.S. Patent application sequence It is also entitled " the DISTRIBUTED ANTENNA SYSTEM submitted on November 30th, 2011 to arrange No.13/794,416 FOR MIMO SIGNALS " international application No.PCT/US2011/062640 continuation, the international application then require in Submit on December 1st, 2010 entitled " DISTRIBUTED ANTENNA SYSTEM FOR MIMO SIGNALS " meaning is big Sharp patent application No.2010A000714 priority.These application and openly by quote all integrally be hereby incorporated by, It is the same just as fully disclosing herein.

Technical field

Embodiments of the invention are related to wireless communication system, and more particularly to the distribution for wireless MIMO communication Antenna system.

Background technology

The contemporary wireless communication system of such as distributing antenna system 10 figure 1 illustrates, and including be distributed with Multiple remote units 12 of covering are provided in the coverage of system 10.Especially, each remote antenna unit 12 is generally included Antenna 14 and suitable electronic device.Each remote unit is coupled to master unit 16.Each master unit 16 is coupled to RF combinations again Network 18, the combination of RF combinational networks 18 is from least one single input and single output (single-input-and single- Output, " SISO ") and base station transceiver (base transceiver station, " BTS ", or more simply, " base station ") 20 The signal of (hereinafter referred to as " SISO BTS " 20).System 10 can also include system controller 22, to control each master unit 16 operation.As shown in figure 1, system 10 can include multiple master units 16 and multiple SISO BTS 20, each quilt of master unit 16 It is configured to provide the combination of the signal from least two SISO BTS 20 to its corresponding remote unit 12.

As shown in figure 1, each remote unit 12 can again can be by wireless device with broadcast wireless signal 24, wireless signal 24 26 receive, and wireless device 26 can be the mobile device of such as telephone plant or computing device.Specifically, as described above, coming from The wireless signal 24 of each remote unit 12 can be the combination of the signal from least two SISO BTS 20.Therefore, wirelessly Equipment 26 can be communicated by any wireless signal 24 from remote unit 12 with system 10.

In order to improve radio communication, the communication such as from base station to mobile device, it is possible to use multiple input/multiple output (Multiple-Input/Multiple-Output, " MIMO ") technology to be that performance enhancement and system of broadband wireless communication are provided Advanced solution.Pass through various information series of studies, it has been shown that relative to traditional SISO systems, utilize MIMO skills Art can realize substantial improvement.Mimo system has the multipath abundance for allowing them to make full use of wireless channel The ability of (multi-path richness).This is with attempting to offset multipath effect rather than embracing their conventional art shape In contrast with.Mimo system often relies on the antenna with multiple radiators in two ends of communication link, such as in a base station and Antenna with multiple radiators in a mobile device.In addition to desired Wave beam forming and diversity performance, mimo system can also be provided Gain is multiplexed, it allows to transmit multiple data stream in spatially independent parallel sub-channels.This can cause power system capacity Dramatically increase.Generally, the system shown in Fig. 1 can not utilize MIMO technology.

For example, Fig. 1 wireless device 26 only communicates with one in remote unit 12, although it can be in multiple long-range lists Within the scope of member 12.Wireless signal 24 from each remote unit generally in identical frequency and carries identical data, and Communication may cause Signal Degrade and conflict while between multiple remote units 12 and wireless device 26.In addition, from wireless The data bandwidth of equipment 26 is restricted to receive the speed with processing data from a remote unit 12.

Therefore, it is desirable to using the MIMO signal in the wireless system of such as distributing antenna system, it is complete without installing New system is used to handle MIMO signal.

The content of the invention

The embodiment provides available for the distribution for providing multi input and multi output (" MIMO ") operator scheme Antenna system (" DAS ") and application method.Specifically, some embodiments include MIMO base station as being configured as output at least the The signal source of one MIMO signal and the second MIMO signal.Hybrid coupler is coupled to receive the first and second signals.Coupler It is configured as receiving the first MIMO signal and the second MIMO signal on corresponding first and second port, and in output port Upper offer output signal.Output signal includes at least a portion of the first signal and at least a portion of secondary signal.The system Also include at least one master unit and at least one remote unit, at least one described remote unit communicated with master unit and by It is configured at least MIMO output signals being sent to equipment, the wireless device of such as client.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the block diagram of contemporary distributing antenna system.

Fig. 2A is the block diagram for the distributing antenna system for meeting embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 2 B are the block diagrams for the distributing antenna system for meeting embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 3 is the block diagram for the distributing antenna system for meeting the embodiments of the invention used under environment indoors.

Fig. 4 is the detailed diagram of the master unit used in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 A and 5B are the detailed diagrams of a part for the remote unit used in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the detailed diagram of the replacement part of the remote unit used in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 A are the block diagrams of the MIMO BTS in outdoor scene.

Fig. 7 B are the block diagrams for the substitutional theorem formula antenna system for meeting embodiments of the invention.

Fig. 8 is the block diagram that 90 ° of 3dB hybrid couplers and transmission function are represented.

Fig. 9 is the block diagram of the general introduction of LTE physical channels processing.

Figure 10 is the distributing antenna system for realizing the present invention.

Figure 11 is the block diagram for the substitutional theorem formula antenna system for meeting embodiments of the invention.

Figure 12 is the block diagram for the substitutional theorem formula antenna system for meeting embodiments of the invention.

Figure 13 is the block diagram for the substitutional theorem formula antenna system for meeting embodiments of the invention.

Figure 13 A are the block diagrams for the substitutional theorem formula antenna system for meeting embodiments of the invention.

Figure 14 is the block diagram for the substitutional theorem formula antenna system for meeting embodiments of the invention.

Figure 15 is the block diagram for the substitutional theorem formula antenna system for meeting embodiments of the invention.

It should be appreciated that accompanying drawing is not drawn necessarily to scale, which show the general principle of explanation embodiments of the invention The somewhat simplified expression of various preferred features.Specific design feature (including for example various institutes of system as disclosed herein Show specific size, direction, the location and shape of part) and/or the sequence of operation partly by specific intended application and ring will be used Border is determined.Some features of illustrated embodiment may relative to other embodiments be exaggerated, distortion or otherwise It is presented differently from, in order to visualize and be clearly understood from.

Embodiment

Fig. 2A shows a schematic diagram in the cards of mimo system, wherein MIMO base station with it is all as shown in Figure 1 The distributing antenna system of system etc merges.Relative to Fig. 1, the place being applicable in fig. 2 make use of identical label.Such as Shown in figure, two SISO base stations 20 (each SISO base stations 20 1 " SISO BTS " 20) couples with each remote unit.In addition, MIMO base station 30 including antenna 31 and 32 is coupled with remote unit 12.MIMO BTS 30 antenna 1 passes through the first master unit 16 (MASTER UNIT 1) is coupled with remote unit 12a and 12d.MIMO BTS 30 antenna 2 is by being used as the second master unit 16 (MASTER UNIT 2) is coupled with remote unit 12b and 12c.Therefore, the wireless signal such as by being produced in each remote unit Shown in 24, in addition to carrying out the composite signal for the signal combination that free SISO BTS 20 are exported, each master unit will also be sent From MIMO BTS 30 signal.But, because each antenna is not coupled to all remote units, therefore each remote unit will Only send one in two available MIMO signals as depicted.Corresponding wavefront is illustrated as corresponding to every in Fig. 2A The feed or connecting line of individual appropriate antenna 31,32.

Although the embodiment shown in Fig. 2A can be used for the availability that MIMO signal is provided in distributing antenna system, But such system may not realize all desired performance improvements associated with mimo system.Even if for example, wireless Equipment 26 receives all MIMO signals from least two combination in remote unit, it is also possible to there is the RF power received It is unbalance, because wireless device 26 is likely located at one remote unit 12 of distance than apart from the much closer part of another remote unit. In addition, according to support MIMO features wireless standard, exist by or can essentially be by one in only MIMO BTS antennas 31,32 Some signaling parameters of individual transmission, such as WiMAX frames preamble or LTE master sync signals (" P-SS ").Therefore, in such as Fig. 2A It is shown, in the mimo system that wherein these signals are not sent by all remote units, unless in the presence of very high-caliber long-range Covering redundancy between unit/overlapping, otherwise system may not be reliable enough.In operation, SISO and MIMO operation pattern Between switching at runtime may cause performance issue.

Moreover, it will be appreciated that in certain embodiments, the first and second signals from MIMO BTS 58 can be distinguished Be supplied to corresponding summing circuit 48a-b and/or master unit 46a-b, rather than by hybrid coupler 58, it is all as shown in Figure 2 A Embodiment.

In certain embodiments, summing circuit 48a is configured to supply the first master unit signal 72, and it is combination S ISO The combination of the combination MIMO signals 68 of BTS signals 56a and first.Summing circuit 48b is configured to supply the second master unit signal 74, It is the combination of the combination MIMO signals 70 of combination S ISO BTS signals 56b and second.Master unit 46a-b and remote unit 42a-h It can be controlled again by system controller 76, system controller 76 can be provided to the total of master unit 46a-b and remote unit 42a-h Body is supervised and control and alarm forwarding.

In certain embodiments, each remote unit 42a-h can via high-rate digital transmission medium or link 80a-b, 82nd, 84a-b and/or 86a-b are connected to its corresponding master unit 46a-b.Alternately, analogue transmission medium/link can be used Connected in by remote unit with corresponding master unit.In addition, transmission link can use optical fiber as described below to be embodied as light chain Road.Using this optical fiber, (radio-over-fiber, the RoF) form of radio on optical fiber can be used to realize remote unit Flow between master unit.By this way, the first master unit signal 72 and/or the second master unit signal 74 be in a digital format Remote unit 42a-h at least a portion is provided to, this can be helped prevent at least one caused by transmission line effect A little deteriorations.One of ordinary skill in the art will be understood that, can also use filtering to allow and/or prevent dividing for signal specific Hair.Thus, and in certain embodiments, each in link 80a-b, 82,84a-b and/or 86a-b can be broadband number Word modulated optical interface, such as fiber optic cables.Therefore, each master unit 46a and/or 46b can be configured as digitizing its phase The master unit signal 72 and/or 74 answered, and export those numeral letters for its corresponding remote unit 42a-42d and/or 42e-h Number.In certain embodiments, these digital output signals can be by time division multiplexing framing, and is converted into serial stream.Far Cheng Danyuan 42a-42d and/or 42e-h can be configured as receiving numeral output from its corresponding master unit 46a and/or 46b again Signal, digital output signal is converted into electric signal, solution frame is carried out to various time slots if necessary and/or electric signal is released Serialize and electric signal is sent at least one radio-cell 90 via its local antenna 44.

Remote unit 42a-h is configured as sending and/or receiving to and/or from radio-cell 90 via its local antenna 44 Digital RF voices and/or data-signal.As described below, master unit how is coupled to depending on remote unit, remote unit 42b, Remote unit 42a, 42c and/or 42e that 42d and/or 42f can be additionally configured to respectively from chain before it receive numeral Signal.The data signal between remote unit can include what is received by remote unit 42a, 42c and/or 42e above Signal from radio-cell 90.Then, data signal can with by remote unit 42a, 42c and/or 42e receive it is another Signal is combined.Thus, the digital wireless signal from radio-cell 90 can be combined and/or send back corresponding master unit 46a and/or 46b.Master unit 46a and/or 46b then can be by from its corresponding remote unit 42a-d's and/or 42e-h Signal is converted to electric signal from optical signal, and electric signal is sent into SISO BTS 54a-b and MIMO BTS 58, SISO BTS 54a-b and MIMO BTS 58 can be configured as detecting and receiving its corresponding part.Alternately, master unit 46a and/or 46b then can by the signal from its corresponding remote unit 42a-d and/or 42e-h from optical signal be converted into electric signal, will Electric signal is separated into corresponding in multiple frequency bands of those frequency bands utilized of SISO BTS 54a-b and MIMO BTS 58 Multiple electric signals, the plurality of electric signal is converted into multiple analog signals, and the plurality of analog signal is sent to SISO BTS 54a-b and/or MIMO BTS 58.

As shown in Figure 2 B, as an example, master unit 46a-b can be used to selectively connect to accordingly remotely in many ways Unit 42a-h.For example, master unit 46a is illustrated as by the half-duplex link for the up-link to remote unit 42a-b 80a and half-duplex link 80b for downlink are connected to remote unit 42a-b.But, master unit 46a is illustrated as passing through Full-duplex link 82 is connected to remote unit 42c-d.Similarly, master unit 46b is illustrated as by for remote unit 42e-f Up-link half-duplex link 84a and be connected to remote unit 42e-f for the half-duplex link 84b of downlink.But It is that master unit 46b is illustrated as being connected to remote unit 42g by full-duplex link 86a and is connected to by full-duplex link 86b Remote unit 42h.Thus, in full-duplex link, uplink signal and down link signal are carried on different wave length, And wavelength division multiplexer (" WDM ") is used to combine and/or split at master unit 46a-b and remote unit 42a-h Two optical signals.Alternately, master unit 46a-b and remote unit 42a-h can by for high data rate medium (such as Coaxial cable, twisted pair copper wire, free space RF or optics or Ethernet, SONET, SDH, ATM and/or PDH etc. Shared network) different transceivers communicated.As it will be appreciated, one or many in example link as shown in Figure 2 B It is individual to be selected for all remote units being coupled to master unit.

In certain embodiments, the system 40 shown in Fig. 2 B can optionally and dynamically be used as SISO systems and/ Or mimo system.For example, if hybrid coupler 52 is not activated, the signal from SISO BTS 54a-b can be sent To remote unit 42a-h at least a portion, and the system can be similar to SISO systems to use.By this way, far Each in Cheng Danyuan 42a-h passes through corresponding at least two nothings by SISO BTS 54a-b those wireless frequencies used Line frequency is communicated.But, when hybrid coupler 52 is selectively activated, the signal from SISO BTS 54a-b can To be combined with combining MIMO output signals 68,70 so that each remote unit 42a-h passes through corresponding to by SISO BTS 54a-b Those wireless frequencies used at least two wireless frequencies transmission the signal from SISO BTS 54a-b, and transmit this two Individual or all MIMO signals.Therefore, the selective activation of hybrid coupler 52 causes system 40 is dynamic from SISO operator schemes Reconfigure to MIMO operation pattern.Thus, system 40 may be used as indoor mimo system, its be configured as processing can or The WiMAX frame preambles code and/or LTE P-SS (master sync signal) that can be alternatively sent by only one of MIMO BTS antennas.

Therefore, the part of the first and second signals 62 and 64 from MIMO BTS 58 can be cross-coupled and group Merging is sent to all remote unit 42a-h, without influenceing its MIMO operation.For example, each remote unit 42a-h of system 40 Two (or whole) data flows from MIMO BTS 58 and its antenna 31,32 can be configured as sending (for example, output letter Numbers 68 or output signal 70) and combination S ISO BTS signals 56a-b.

Fig. 3 shows the system 40 similar to Fig. 2 B but is included in the multiple remote units used in indoor environment 104 The schematic diagram of 42a-d wireless communication system 100.Specifically, Fig. 3 shows the remote unit 42a-b for being coupled to master unit 46a It can be placed around indoor environment 104 so that their signal is not substantially overlapping.Remote unit 42c-d can similarly be put Put.Thus, the wireless device 90 in a part for environment 104 can receive signal (such as Fig. 3 institutes from two remote units Show, wireless device 90 receives signal from remote unit 42a and 42d).Thus, it is possible to using MIMO spatial multiplexings, because nothing Line equipment 90 can be from respectively by two remote units 42a and the 42d reception two of two different master unit 46a and 46b feedings The individual signal differed.

With reference to Fig. 3, by combining hybrid coupler, all MIMO signals in the distributing antenna system according to the present invention (in this case, two MIMO signals) can be cross-coupled and be sent to all remote units, without influenceing MIMO Operation.Each remote unit can send two MIMO parallel data streams, without producing the interference between stream, because being deposited between them In 90 ° of phase shift.That is, distributed MIMO concept is divided into two parallel MIMO Signal with Distributed Transmit Antennas.First is " same to phase ", And second is " 90 ° of phase shifts ".Certainly, in order to utilize MIMO spatial multiplexings, wireless device 90 is from by different master units At least two power contributions for receiving essence in the remote unit of feeding are necessary.Therefore, thus, it is possible to expected wireless Equipment 90 from the more than one receiving power in two remote units (such as 42a, 42d) coupled from different master units, so as to Maintain MIMO spatial multiplexings.

A benefit of the invention which solve above mentioned problem, its remote unit send only with MIMO base station antenna it One associated signal.Similarly, it is used for the power level pair of two signals due to what is received from two remote unit 42a-d Most of positions in indoor environment 104 are typically similar, therefore can when being positioned closer to particular remote unit 42a-d The performance compromise between the transmitted parallel data stream of radio-cell 90 can be influenceed to be solved, so as to increase data throughput Amount.This problem is commonly known as the " remote of MIMO Signal with Distributed Transmit Antennas of the influence with the remote unit for only sending individual traffic Near problem ".As discussed below, using 90 ° of hybrid couplers of 3dB, this problem is addressed.

Another specific benefit of the present invention is in the existing spaced antenna infrastructure originally realized for SISO systems The ability of the interior deployment that mimo system is provided.The present invention can also utilize the SISO performed by MIMO base station and MIMO operation pattern Between selectively coupled or switching at runtime operate.In addition, when MIMO base station is under downlink spatial multiplexing modes During operation, the present invention provides the balancing performance related to the parallel data stream sent.That is, as described above, " distance is asked in order to solve Topic ", uses 90 ° of 3dB hybrid couplers.Between the stream performed by hybrid coupler cross-couplings similarly serve as or serve as such as by The replacement of MIMO precodings specified by 3GPP LTE standards, to solve the potential mistake in the performance between two data streams Match somebody with somebody.That is, the precoding that provides of the present invention be intended to the two data streams of balanced experience different channels condition performance (such as bit error rate, Error vector magnitude etc.).In the case of " far-near problem ", the different channel path loss of two stream experience.In addition, in order to Correct operation LTE standard, Qiang Zhiyaoqius that the code scheme that prelists is orthogonal so that original symbol can be extensive at receiver It is multiple, so as to avoid the interference between stream.This condition mixes couplings by 90 ° be such as discussed below according to an aspect of the present invention Clutch input-output transmission function is met.

With reference to Fig. 8, Fig. 8 shows 90 ° of 3dB hybrid couplers, and it serves as " hardware " MIMO pre-coding circuits, is used to Compensation is due to the possibility performance compromise between data flow (code word) caused by " near-far problem ".Equation shown in Fig. 8 shows respectively The input and output port relation and transfer function matrix of 90 ° of 3dB hybrid couplers are gone out.Thus, according to aspects of the present invention, The transfer function matrix reflected in Fig. 8 can also be considered as the MIMO pre-coding matrixes of 90 ° of 3dB hybrid couplers.Fig. 9 is shown The position of MIMO pre-encoded blocks in typical LTE physical channels processing stream.According to aspects of the present invention, as disclosed herein By 90 ° of 3dB hybrid couplers be used for LTE MIMO distributing antenna systems in be positioned at BTS antenna ports rather than The performance of precoding in the processing of BTS physical channels.Therefore, the present invention is also represented by that the feedback based on subscriber's installation is responsible for prelisting The hardware modifications of the MIMO BTS scheduler circuitry systems of code selection.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the hybrid coupler utilized in an embodiment of the present invention make input signal that This is orthogonal.Equipment reciprocity between input port 1,2 and output port 3,4 causes the transfer function matrix that result is obtained to protect Hold identical, in addition exchange input and output port in the case of be also such.This is that the invention provides combination MIMO signal Without the ability for influenceing it to support spatial multiplexing ability.

Fig. 4-6 shows the example distributed antenna system for realizing embodiments of the invention.Focusing on main list 46, Fig. 4 of member includes the detailed diagram of master unit 46.Each master unit 46 can be comprising one to six radio channels (referred to hereinafter as For " path ") 110, one to four digital modulated optical channel 112, controller 114, clock generator 116 and Ethernet hand over Change planes 118.

In one embodiment, such as 110a every paths can be configured as example handling to and from SISO BTS 54a-b and/or MIMO BTS 58 signal.For FDD air interfaces, path 110a uses combiner and duplexer 120 To handle uplink signal and down link signal.RF low-converters 122 can amplify to be received from combiner/duplexer 120 The signal arrived, to ensure that A/D converter 124 is fully loaded.RF low-converters 122 set frequency band in A/D converter passband Centre frequency.Broadband A/D 124 is digitized to the whole downlink band of air interface, to ensure all descending chains Path channels are digitized.Resampler 126 converts a signal into multiple form (complex format), in some cases numeral Down coversion frequency band, signal is extracted and filtered and to its resampling.Which reduce with that must be transmitted by optical link The associated data volume of down link signal (such as 128a) and the speed of digitalized data and optical-fiber network bit rate is same Step.

Radio channel 110a uplink portion is in its distribution from the remote unit 42 for being coupled to master unit 46 The uplink signal (such as signal 129a-d) of frequency band is converted into after electric signal sums 120 by them.With 130 by again Sampling, in some cases interpolation are to change into different data rates and by the up-conversion of resampler 132 and then by D/ A converters 134 are converted to analog form.The centre frequency of analog signal is transformed to be used for air interface by RF upconverter 136 Appropriate frequency and amplified.The signal of amplification is applied to combiner/duplexer 120, and is routed back to SISO BTS 54a-b and/or MIMO BTS 58.

In the embodiment using TDD air interfaces, the handoff functionality 138 of combiner and duplexer as shown in Figure 4 is replaced, Handoff functionality 138 is for example described in detail shown in radio channel 110b and in Figure 5.When master unit 46 is receiving descending During link signal, the RF amplifiers in RF upconverter are disabled, and the diverting switch in handoff functionality 138 can put RF Big device is leaked with being diverted to further reduce.The interval of uplink signal is being sent to base station 42 in master unit 46 Between, RF amplifiers are activated, diverting switch is opened, and the tandem tap in handoff functionality 138 can be opened, to protect RF low-converters caused by high power levels from due to damaging.Switch control timing 144 is by the basis of master unit controller 114 Down link signal 128b is determined.In addition, formatter 146 can be sent in electric light transceiver 148 in serial data stream Transmitter before the redundant digit information that is included in reducing in serial data stream of application data compression.Compression can allow section Bandwidth-saving uses the less expensive transceiver with compared with low bitrate.When on the opposite end in the optical receiver 148 by After receiver-side formatter 146 is received, the serial data of compression can be converted into unpressed data flow.

Each digital modulation optical channel 112a-b is made up of formatter 146 and electric light transceiver 148.In outlet side, lattice Formula device 146 prevent digitlization down link signal 128a-b together with reduced medium independence interface (" RMII ") form client with Too network data 150a-b, operation and maintenance (" O＆M ") data 152a-c and synchronizing information are entered in time division multiplexing frame. In other embodiments, MII, RMII, GMII, SGMII, XGMII etc. other interfaces can be used to replace RMII interfaces. The data of framing can carry out XOR (XOR) come randomization by the output with linear feedback shift register, to remove logic One or zero long string.Other known coded format can also be used, such as 8/10 or 64/66 encode, but can The reduction of the service efficiency of data serial link can be caused.The numerical data is then converted into being used to modulate electric light transceiver The serial stream of optical transmitter in 148., can be using wavelength division multiplexer (" WDM ") 149 come group in the realization of single optical fiber Close or two optical signals of segmentation.

For the input signal from remote unit 44, electric light transceiver 148 converts optical signals to electric signal.Format Device 146 is phase-locked to incoming bit stream, and generation is phase-locked to data rate and the bit clock alignd with serial data stream.Formatter 146 and then it is parallel digital data stream by serial stream, carries out derandomized to it and perform frame synchronization.Then, it is each The digitized uplink signal of band decomposition, each frequency band of buffering, and if it is required, then frequency band is routed to appropriate nothing Line radio channel 110a, 110b.Finally, formatter 146 decomposes buffering area and O＆M Ethernet datas 152a-c and user's ether Network data 150a-b, and they are routed to controller 114 and Ethernet switch 118 respectively.

Information of the master unit controller 114 using the information being locally stored and from O＆M Ethernet datas is configured and controlled Other modules in master unit 46 processed.It is reported remotely also by the information transmission to remote unit 42, and to system controller 76 The state of unit 42 and master unit 46.When such as 110b radio channel is assigned to TDD air interfaces, master unit control Device 114 also exports TDD switch controls timing 144 using corresponding down link signal 128b.

System controller 76 generally has total system control.Master unit controller 114 be used for configure modules and Supervise modules.As configuration and a part for supervisory role, master unit controller 114 is operable with by decoding descending chain Line signaling obtains it from different sources (such as time-varying UL RSSI or some base station station clock signals from external source offer) Determine the uplink/downlink switching timing in TDD system.Descending chain circuit frame clock in TDMA system can pass through solution Code downlink signaling determines and distributes, to allow timeslot-based function, such as up-link or downlink be Jing Yin, when Up-link or downlink received signal intensity in gap indicate (" RSSI ") measurement, up-link and downlink traffic point Analysis etc..Master unit controller 114 can detect the active channel in RF spectrum, with help or automatically configure resampler 126, Wave filter configuration in 132.The optimal leveling (leveling) of each signal in resampler can also be descending by measuring The RSSI of various signals in link RF frequency bands is determined.Remote unit controller can be in the up-link of remote unit 42 Perform similar task.

Clock generator 116 can use stable temperature-compensating voltage-controlled crystal (oscillator) (" TCVXO ") to generate for master unit The stabilizing clock and reference signal 154 of 46 functional modules.But, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that it can also be used Its equipment or crystal generate clock signal, as long as the stabilizing clock that they can be needed for generation system.

Focusing on remote unit 42, Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B are detailed comprising the remote unit 42 for meeting embodiments of the invention Block diagram.Each unit 44 can include one to six radio channels 160, one or two DMOC 162, remote unit control Device 164 and Ethernet switch 166.

DMOC 162 can be designated as downstream channel 168 and upstream channel 170.If be configured so that, then believe in downstream Road 168 is connected to the remote unit 42 before the remote unit 42 in daisy chain.Upstream channel 170 is connected to master unit 46 Or another remote unit 42.The functional modules of DMOC 162 are similar to those functional modules in master unit 46.Both by lattice Formula device 172 and electric light transceiver 174 are constituted.Output data buffered, be formatted as frame, randomization, parallel-to-serial conversion, And for modulating the optical transmitter in electric light transceiver 174.Incoming data by from light form be converted to electric form, bit synchronization, Derandomized, frame synchronization and be converted to parallel form.Then various data types, which are decomposed, buffers and is distributed to remote unit Other functional modules in 42.In certain embodiments, formatter 172 can realize compression and decompression scheme to reduce number Bandwidth on word optical link.

Radio channel in remote unit 42 is functionally similar to the radio channel in master unit 46.It is each wireless Radio channel is configured as handling single RF frequency bands.It is different from the radio channel 110 of master unit 46, the radio channel of remote unit 42 160 are connected to its antenna 44 via crossband coupler 176.For the nothing of FDD air interfaces, such as radio channel 160a Line radio channel separates uplink signal and down link signal using duplexer 178.For master unit 46 or remote unit 42 Some embodiments, duplexer, crossband combiner and coupler can be optional.In these embodiments, additional day Line can replace duplexer 178 and cross couplings 176 in remote unit 42.Extra cable will be needed in master unit 46. RF low-converters 180 amplify the uplink signal received from antenna 44 to ensure that A/D converter 182 is fully loaded, and And the centre frequency of frequency band is arranged in A/D converter passband.Whole up-link frequencies of the broadband A/D 182 to air interface Band is digitized, to ensure that all uplink channels are digitized.Resampler 184 is converted to uplink signal multiple Form, in some cases digital down converted signal, signal is extracted and filtered and with multirate filter group to it Resampling.Which reduce the data volume that must be transmitted by optical link, and make speed and the optical-fiber network position of digitalized data Rate synchronization.The output of resampler 184 is added to the up-link letter from downstream remote unit 42 in adder 187 Number 186a.The upstream channel in DMOC 162 is then communicated to for the uplink signal 188a after the addition of each frequency band Formatter 172 in 170.

Down link signal 190 for each frequency band (190a, 190b) is interpolated and frequency displacement in resampler 192. The group delay of each spectrum component can be adjusted via the wave filter in resampler 192 or delay element.Signal then by D/A converter 194 is converted to analog form.The centre frequency for simulating downlink band is converted to use by RF upconverter 196 In air interface appropriate frequency and amplified.The signal of amplification is then applied to antenna 44 and is sent to radio-cell 90。

For TDD air interfaces, duplexer 178 is by the generation of handoff functionality 138 shown in radio channel 160b and Fig. 5 A Replace.When remote unit 42 receives up-link, the RF power amplifiers in RF upconverter 196 are disabled, and cut The diverting switch changed in function 138 leaks RF power amplifiers with being diverted to further reduce.When remote unit 42 When sending down link signal, RF power amplifiers are activated, and diverting switch is opened to allow down link signal to reach day Tandem tap in line 44, and handoff functionality 138 is opened to protect RF low-converters 180 from due to high power levels It is caused to damage.As master unit 46, switch control timing 144 is by controller 164 according to down link signal 190a, 190b It is determined that.

Clock generator 198 includes being phase-locked to the pressure of incoming serial data stream bit rate via narrow band phase lock loop (" PLL ") Control crystal oscillator (" VCXO ").VCXO outputs are separated and as the local oscillator in each radio channel 160a-b Frequency reference 200, A/D 182 and the converters of D/A 194 sampling clock and for other modules in remote unit 42 Clock.One of ordinary skill in the art is it will be recognized that long term frequency accuracy should be good, to ensure that local oscillator is in In frequency, and short term jitter level should also be as being low, to ensure that shake will not destroy A/D and D/A transfer processes.Pass through lock To the data rate of the optical link derived from the stable TCVCXO in master unit 46, the stove that remote unit 42 need not be expensive is mended Repay oscillator (oven compensated oscillator) or GPS tames (GPS disciplining) scheme to remain long Phase frequency accuracy, so that more remote units 42 are less expensive.It can be helped using arrowband PLL and piezo-oscillator Help the short term jitter for reducing A/D and D/A converter clock.Using recovery, that the reduced clock 202 of shake carrys out reclocking is each Transmission data in optical link at remote unit 42 reduce jitter accumulation, and this can be helped improve in downstream remote unit 42 A/D and D/A converter clock, and can help to reduce the bit error rate (" BER ") of optical communication channel 162.

Remote unit controller (" RUC ") 164 is configured using the information being locally stored with the information from O＆M Ethernets With other modules in control remote unit 42.Downstream RMII 152d and upstream RMII 152e can be provided to formatting Device 172.In addition, local O＆M data 206 can be configured at local O＆M terminals 204.Remote unit 42 is also by the information Pass to upstream and downstream remote unit 42 and/or master unit 46.RUC 164 additionally using appropriate down link signal with Export TDD switches control timing when needed 144.

In the radio channel 160c utilized in remote unit 42 alternate embodiment, radio channel 160c can be with Using digital pre-distortion so that power amplifier linearization.The aerogram in remote unit 42 is shown in block diagram form in figure 6 Road 160c this embodiment.In this embodiment it is possible to which the 3rd signal path is added into one or more radio channels 160c.3rd path couples down link signal and digitized after power amplification.Signal from antenna 44 is in RF Be received in low-converter 208, RF low-converters 208 amplify the signal that receives with ensure A/D converter 210 by completely plus Carry, and the centre frequency of frequency band is arranged in A/D converter passband.Broadband A/D 210 is to the whole up of air interface Link frequency bands are digitized, to ensure that all uplink channels are digitized.Digitized signal and digital predistortion unit The delay version of down link signal in 212 is compared, and the difference is used to be adaptively adjusted before D/A conversions The gain of signal and phase, with non-linear in correcting power amplifier.

Although showing the present invention by describing embodiments of the invention, although and having described in detail Embodiment, but the purpose of applicant is not limitation scope of the following claims or is limited in any way so Details.To those skilled in the art, additional advantages and modifications will be apparent.For example, meeting the present invention's The distributing antenna system of embodiment can have than shown more or less remote units 42, master unit 46, summation Circuit 48, RF combinational networks 50, hybrid coupler 52, SISO BTS54, MIMO BTS 58 and/or system controller 76.Specifically Ground, each MIMO BTS58 can include more or less output ports 62 and/or 64.

In addition, each master unit 46 may be coupled to than shown more or less remote units 42.Thus, it is multiple Remote unit 42 can be by two links and/or along single link connection to each master unit 46.Alternately, Mei Geyuan Cheng Danyuan 42 can be connected to master unit 46 by dedicated link.In certain embodiments, up to six remote units 42 can be with It is connected in series from master unit 46.Thus, remote unit 42 can be positioned to optimize the covering in overlay area.

In addition, system 40 and/or 100 can not include summing circuit 48a-48b.Thus, master unit 46a will can be combined SISO BTS signals 56a are combined with the first output signal 68, and master unit 46b can be by combination S ISO BTS signals 56b and Two output signals 70 are combined.In addition, system 40 can not also include RF combinational networks 50.Thus, master unit 46a will can come from SISO BTS 54 one or more signals are combined with the first output signal 68, and master unit 46b can will come from SISO BTS 54 one or more signals are combined with the second output signal 70.

In addition, and in certain embodiments, master unit controller 114 can measure CDMA or Orthodoxy Frequency Division Multiplex The pilot signal strength of (" OFDM ") signal is to be dimensioned correctly the level of down link signal, because RSSI can be different Change under capacity load.Pilot signal generally with pilot level and for the maximum composite value (composite) that loads entirely it Between allocation ratio keep it is constant, the required headroom (headroom) for signal can be maintained.Master unit controller 114 is also It can measure and supervise the signal quality of provided downlink channel.In the case of Signal Degrade, alarm can be set, And operator can pay close attention to base station (for example, SISO or MIMO BTS), without that must enter to whole system 40 and/or 100 Row failture evacuation.

In certain embodiments, master unit controller 114 is determined for the narrow of such as global system for mobile communications (" GSM ") Channel quantity with base station standard.Together with measurement with the BCCH (" BCCH ") of power invariability, it may be determined that many letters Correct headroom needed for line band, and can avoid overdriving or drive lacking condition.In other embodiments, master unit control Device 114 processed monitors the crest factor of transmitted frequency spectrum depositing in the case of multiple channels.Crest factor can provide input Transmit power or the leveling of back-off (back-off) to the certain gain level of system.The headroom of configuration, which is usually above, to be measured Crest factor, to avoid due to Signal Degrade caused by slicing or distortion.In addition, in certain embodiments, can be in weight Reduce mechanism to reduce crest factor using crest factor in sampler, and more efficiently to use in remote unit 42 RF power amplifiers, or help to reduce the digit needed for the every sample for needing to send by link.

As shown in figs. 7 a-b, the invention provides the benefit of the uplink path on MIMO communication system.WiMAX Both include up-link MIMO features with LTE wireless standards.Specifically, " up-link collaboration MIMO " is in mobile WiMAX It is middle to realize, and " uplink multiuser MIMO " is used in LTE for indicating constructed term.The MIMO scheme The characteristics of be to distribute to the time/frequency resource of different UE (subscriber's installation) or mobile device by reusing and increase total uplink Road sector capacity, rather than improve the data of every unique user as being used for downlink Single User MIMO (spatial multiplexing) Speed.

Fig. 7 A show the MIMO BTS 300 in outdoor scene, and it can coordinate from two different mobile device A and B The data receiver of (each equipped with single transmitter (Tx) antenna), and then distribution identical time/frequency resource gives him .The decoding of its corresponding data flow is passed through with being performed for the identical signal transacting of Single User MIMO situation by BTS. That is, the user being spatially separated is belonged to, rather than the two data streams of the unique user of the Tx antennas with two coexistences are empty Between multiplex.Therefore, the time/frequency resource of saving can be assigned to more users, to increase total uplink Road sector capacity.Finally, MIMO transmission may be benefited from the fact that, i.e. two transmitters are greatly separated, so as to lead Cause to improve the probability with uncorrelated radio channel therewith, this is an important requirement for successful MIMO operation.

Fig. 7 B are highlighted this potential benefit in indoor heating system.Fig. 7 B show rare with Fig. 3 system more than 100 At least one of schematic diagram of a little similar wireless communication systems 220, but multiple SISO BTS 54a-b, RF are not shown Combinational network 50 and summing circuit 48a-b.Relative to Fig. 3, the place being applicable in figure 7b make use of identical label.Fig. 7's System 220 includes multiple master unit 46a-b, and it has single Rx antennas and positioned at the corresponding portion of indoor environment 224 to each The respective remote units 42a-b divided in 208a-b provides signal.Especially, indoor environment example is illustrated as being separated by wall 230 Two room 228a-b.

As shown in Figure 7 B, the appropriate section 228a-b of indoor environment 224 to a certain extent by electromagnetic isolation (for example, Low level signal in one part 228 from wireless device 232 (device A or B) transmission is by the remote unit of another part 228 42 detect).In a particular embodiment, appropriate section 228a-b is separated by subregion or wall 230.The figure shows different remote The situation of good up-link power isolation between Cheng Danyuan 42a-b and associated mobile device 232a and 232b.Therefore, it is up Link multiuser MIMO feature is ideally operated, because at BTS antenna ports, the phase of the signal from two equipment 232a-b Mutually interference is only dependent upon plans the isolation provided by indoor radio.Although isolation by by the deployment of remote unit and user and The position of mobile device is determined, but due to there is multiple walls and floor, indoor scene provides good isolation.In addition, The hybrid coupler of the present invention does not influence BTS MIMO decoders, because the signal from mobile device 232a-b is orthogonally handed over Fork is coupled to BTS antenna ports, so as to avoid interfering for they.Therefore, in another aspect of the present invention, by even In the case of the two completely isolated user's groups of two remote units service for being connected to different master units, uplink multiuser MIMO features can realize the complete reuse of BTS time/frequency resource.Therefore, can be by MIMO in uplink path The quantity of the user of Base Transceiver Station Management will increase and may double.

It will be understood that, the such aspect of the present invention may with it is discussed in this article, when being realized by DAS by downlink list It is opposite that what user MIMO was asked maintains a certain degree of signal to cover overlapping feature between remote unit.Therefore, in order to The two advantages are realized, will must take into consideration and manage balance to balance the benefit of the two MIMO features.In this case, phase With 90 ° of 3dB hybrid couplers can the indoor DAS for MIMO signal downlink path and uplink path two It is used in person.

Therefore, each remote unit 42a-b is to the respective wireless devices 232a- being present in those appropriate sections 228a-b B provides signal and receives from it signal.One benefit of this arrangement as noted can be by reusing and different radio Time and/or frequency resource associated equipment 232a-b uses up-link collaboration MIMO (being used for WiMAX) and/or uplink Road multiuser MIMO (be used for LTE) increases total uplink capacity.

Shown in the present invention is not limited in its broader aspect and described detail, representative device and method with And illustrated examples.Correspondingly, can be with the case where not departing from the spirit or scope of overall inventive concept of the applicant Deviate these details.For example, Fig. 2A system 10, Fig. 2 B system 40, Fig. 3 system 100 and/or Fig. 7 system 220 can be with It is configured with the expanding element (not shown) being placed between master unit 46 and its corresponding remote unit 42.Expanding element can be carried For the He of master unit 46 can be extended for master unit 46 to be coupled to the attachment links and/or expanding element of additional remote units 42 Coupling range between remote unit 42.In addition, Fig. 2A system 10, Fig. 2 B system 40, Fig. 3 system 100 and/or Fig. 7 System 220 can be configured with more or less remote units 12 or 42, master unit 16 or 46, SISO BTS 20 or 54, MIMO BTS 30 or 58, system controller 22 or 76, summing circuit 48, RF combinational networks 50 and/or hybrid coupler 52, with And support more or less wireless devices 26,90 and/or meet the 232 of embodiments of the invention.Similarly, Fig. 2A system 10th, Fig. 2 B system 40, Fig. 3 system 100 and/or Fig. 7 system 220 can include with more or less antennas 31 and/ Or 32 MIMO BTS 30 or 58, the hybrid coupler 52 with more or less ports and being configured with meet the present invention's More or less inputs of embodiment or the master unit 16 or 46 of output.

Further, it will be appreciated that the indoor environment 104 and 224 including Fig. 3 and Fig. 7 B is solely to show that the present invention's respectively Embodiment and its operation, and embodiments of the invention can be used together without departing from the total of the applicant with outdoor environment The scope of body inventive concepts.In addition, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that Fig. 7 B system 220 can include meeting this SISO BTS 54a-b and the RF combinational network 50 and summing circuit 48a-b of the alternate embodiment of invention.

In addition, in certain embodiments, Fig. 7 B indoor environment 224 is by with other in addition to only including subregion 230 Mode is configured.Thus, respective wireless devices 232a-b can be otherwise isolated.

Figure 10-12 shows the other replacement system for combining embodiments of the invention in distributing antenna system System.Specifically, the system 250 shown in Figure 10 is combined with the intertexture distributing antenna system of MIMO signal, wherein in order to believe The purpose of number distribution, the passive distribution network of combination and RF of the deployment of system using optical fiber is realized.Specifically, optical fiber by with The link of the flow acted between processing master unit and remote unit, and RF distribution networks are in remote unit and are coupled to long-range Realized between one or more passive antennas of unit.Therefore, system 250 is shown with reference to for handling from one or more The MIMO BTS 252 of the signal of antenna 253,254 specific distribution formula antenna system.Such system can utilize the present invention. Although the embodiment shown in Figure 10-12 includes two antennas and two MIMO signals (n=2), it is as described herein, this The mimo system of invention can also combine additional antenna element and signal.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the difference of shown quantity Mimo antenna or mimo channel.

The MIMO signal 255,256 of corresponding mimo antenna 253,254 from MIMO BTS is delivered in an appropriate manner To master unit 260, such as using RF networks (for example, coaxial cable), to distribute in the remote component of whole system.It is similar Ground, the uplink signal from wireless device is delivered to MIMO BTS by master unit 260.Although single master unit is in institute It is illustrated and is come into question herein in the figure shown, but system 250 can use one or more master units.

Therefore, MIMO signal is appropriately processed and is delivered to one or more remote units 262,264, for by that A little signals are further distributed to the wireless device and equipment of such as cell phone.Suitable signal link, such as optical fiber link 266th, 268, it is bonded between master unit 260 and each corresponding remote unit.Master unit 260 and remote unit 262,264 Multiple MIMO signals or channel 255,256 can be handled by rights on optical fiber link 266,268.For example, frequency turns Changing to be implemented, and plurality of mimo channel (two channels in the example shown) is changed in frequency so that they Integrality is maintained on optical fiber link 266,268.Alternately, optical fiber link 266,268 can merge multiple optical fiber, wherein Each single mimo channel signal of bearing optical fiber (channel 1 of antenna 1/ or the channel 2 of antenna 2/), to maintain master unit 260 and many The integrality of MIMO signal between individual remote unit 262,264.In another embodiment also having, Wave division multiplexing (WDM) realized on optical fiber link 266,268 that can be between master unit and remote unit, to maintain the complete of mimo channel Property.

In the system 250 shown in Figure 10, including MIMO signal various signals then by from remote in RF distribution networks Cheng Danyuan is passively distributed to passive antenna elements 270a-270d.For example, remote unit 262,264 may be by that may realize Suitable RF links of RF cables (such as coaxial cable) and for delivering a signal to multiple passive antenna 270a-270d's Suitable power splitter is coupled to antenna 270a-270d.In system 250, mimo channel is still isolated, and therefore, Each specific antenna unit 270a-270d will only handle one in mimo channel.

Referring now to Figure 11, according to an embodiment of the present, hybrid coupler circuit is realized in system 251. Specifically, hybrid coupler electricity is realized between each remote unit 262 and 264 and corresponding passive antenna 270a-270d Road.As shown in figure 11, hybrid coupler circuit 274 (it can be 90 ° as discussed herein, 3dB blended RFs coupler) quilt It is shown between various remote units and antenna.As shown in figure 11, each antenna 270a-270d is then according to present invention processing A part for each signal in MIMO signal, for being communicated with wireless device (such as wireless device 280).

As described above, hybrid coupler circuit is configured as in corresponding first and second port from corresponding long-range single Member receives the first MIMO signal (channel 1 of antenna 1/) and the second MIMO signal (channel 2 of antenna 2/).Then in the output of coupler Port provides output signal, and output signal includes the part of the first and second MIMO signals.With combination MIMO signal Then partial output signal is delivered to each antenna element 270a and 270d and is suitably broadcast to the nothing near signal Line equipment.By this way, each antenna in indoor environment handles two or all mimo channels as shown in the figure.

Figure 12 shows another alternate embodiment of the present invention, and wherein hybrid coupler circuit 274 is in optical fiber and RF points Realized in hair system 258, similar to shown in Figure 10.It is not to be combined hybrid coupler circuit with each remote unit, but Hybrid coupler circuit 274 is bonded between MIMO BTS 252 and master unit 260.Coupler circuit is as discussed defeated Multiple mimo channels are combined in exit port, and each output port is coupled with master unit 260.Combination MIMO at master unit Then signal is properly guided to remote unit 262,264, and then pass through RF links or passive distribution net using optical fiber Network is further distributed to antenna 270a-270d, as described above.Similar to the embodiment in Figure 11, each day in indoor environment Line handles two or all mimo channels as shown in the figure.

Figure 13-15 shows other alternate embodiments of the present invention, wherein combining the aerial radiation substituted in other figures The radiating element of element.In an embodiment of the present invention, radiating element can be the form of radiating cable element or segmentation, As illustrated in figs. 13-15.This radiating cable element may all be in any limited space it is useful, such as train crossing or Other tunnels, and arranged in space in elongated mode for the transmitting-receiving nothing with mobile device and other subscriber's installations Linear system is united.The present invention can be realized using the traditional SISO remote units being possibly mounted in existing space, as shown in figure 13. Alternately, as shown in FIG. 14 and 15, it is possible to use the special MIMO remote units with multiple outputs, so as to will be multiple Radiating cable element is combined with each remote unit.

Figure 13 is gone to, system 300 includes one or more remote units 302, such as to close the clothes of tunnel area 304 Business provides covering in region.Specifically, system 300 includes the one or more remote units communicated with MIMO signal source 307 302a-302d.For example, remote unit 302 can be previously installed in the space in tunnel 304 and with SISO spaced antennas system Existing traditional SISO remote units that system (DAS) is used together.The invention provides provide MIMO clothes using tradition SISO systems Business in various installations in the way of providing cost savings.Each remote unit 302a-d includes being used for sending by remote unit With at least one radiating element 320,321 for receiving RF signals.Each remote unit 302 is coupled to master unit 306, master unit 306 with the source interfaces of multiple MIMO signals and being used as the MIMO primary unit operations of system.Master unit 306 includes for example believing with providing The signal sources traffic or coupling of multiple MIMO signals, such as MIMO BTS 307 MIMO signal of road 1 and channel 2MIMO signals Close.Figure 13 illustrate only two MIMO signals, but as described herein, according to the principle of the present invention, can also handle additional MIMO signal.In Figure 13 embodiment, the MIMO signal 308,310 from MIMO base station or other signal sources is by mixing coupling Clutch 312 is provided.

In one aspect of the invention, hybrid coupler 312 is coupling between source MIMO BTS307 and master unit 306, So that all MIMO signals are cross-coupled into master unit 306, each SISO remote units 302 are then forwarded to.Therefore, each Remote unit 302 sends the signal of some parts comprising all MIMO data flows.In Figure 13-15 embodiment, long-range The radiating element used at unit is radiating cable element 320,321,350,352.This radiating cable element is suitable in long envelope Closed region is used in (such as tunnel 304), and the radiating cable element can extend a part for the length in tunnel 304 to enter The appropriate covering of row.

Hybrid coupler 312 is configured as on corresponding input port 322 receiving at least two MIMO from MIMO BTS Signal, and provide output signal on appropriate output port 324.In the embodiment shown in fig. 13, from MIMO BTS's Combination MIMO signal is provided at output port 324.Each output signal 326,328 includes the first MIMO signal (CH1) extremely At least a portion of few a part and the second MIMO signal (CH2).In hybrid coupler circuit 312, input port 322 it A part (for example, CH1) for the first MIMO signal 308 provided at one or a part (for example, CH2) phase of secondary signal 310 For corresponding the first signal (CH1) provided at another in the first and second coupler inputs mouthfuls 308,310 and/or Secondary signal (CH2) carries out phase shift.Especially, hybrid coupler 312 is placed between MIMO BTS 307 and main website 306 so that Hybrid coupler 312, which is configured as receiving from MIMO BTS 307, includes the first mimo channel signal (CH1) and the 2nd MIMO letters First and second MIMO signals 308,310 of road signal (CH2).In turn, hybrid coupler 312 is by the first MIMO signal CH1 A part combined with the second MIMO signal CH2 phase shift section, and the first output port by this first combination output letter Number (CH1+jCH2) is exported as signal 326.Coupler 312 also believes a second MIMO signal CH2 part and the first MIMO Number CH1 phase shift section combination, and at the second output port using the second combination output signal (CH2+jCH1) as believing Numbers 328 outputs.In a kind of exemplary embodiment, hybrid coupler 312 is (also referred to as " orthogonal " coupling of 90 ° of three-dB couplers Device).

As shown in figure 13, the process signal of MIMO master units 306 (CH1+jCH2) and (CH2+jCH1), and by appropriate Signal transmission medium or link 309 (such as RF cable links or optical fiber link) are coupled to multiple remote units 302.Such as this paper institutes State, link can be similar to other such links, such as link 80,82,84,86, for master unit and remote unit it Between handle appropriate uplink signal and down link signal.Each remote unit 302 then with such as radiating cable element 320th, 321 appropriate radiating element couples.As illustrated, master unit 306 by combine MIMO signal at least one (such as (CH1+jCH2) or (CH2+jCH1)) specific remote unit 302 is directed to by link 309.Thus, each remote unit will One in the composite signal of a part of the processing with each mimo channel signal CH1, CH2.With reference to Figure 13, remote unit 302b and corresponding radiating cable element 320 are illustrated as regarding CH1+jCH2 as combination MIMO signal processing.Alternately, remotely Unit 302c and radiating cable element 321 are illustrated as regarding CH2+jCH1 as combination MIMO signal processing.Therefore, SISO is being combined In the embodiments of the invention of remote unit, the multiple combination MIMO signals provided by master unit 306 are by different remote units Sent with radiating cable element.By this way, each in combination MIMO signal will be sent to by distributed system 300 In the tunnel area 304 of processing so that communication link is provided to the various mobile devices 330 in tunnel area 304.As herein Described, embodiments of the invention solve as described herein on only sending one in mimo channel signal as shown in fig. 13 that Remote unit the problem of.As described herein, system 300 additionally provides various other benefits.

Figure 13 A show another embodiment of the invention for realizing the SISO remote units similar to Figure 13.But, it is real Existing master unit is also SISO master units.Thus, they are probably a part for traditional DAS system.Each individually SISO master Unit 311a, 311b are provided with one in the output from coupler 312.Under applicable circumstances, similar label exists Used between Figure 13 and Figure 13 A.

With reference to Figure 13 A, coupler 312 by the corresponding output signal from output port be directed to SISO master units 311a, 311b.It is as described herein, according to the present invention it is possible to than only two greater number of master units shown in Figure 13 A.

Each master unit is coupled to one or more remote units, as shown in figure 13.For example, master unit 311a and long-range list First 302a, 302b coupling.Similarly, master unit 311b is coupled with remote unit 302c and 302d.As illustrated, remote unit Each in 302a-302d will be coupled with appropriate radiating cable element 320,321.It is corresponding remote in radiating cable element Cheng Danyuan will send and receive the signal associated with each SISO master units.That is, some remote units will handle and combine MIMO One in signal, and another group of remote unit will handle another combination MIMO signal, as shown in FIG. 13A.

In Figure 13 and 13A, in the case of different groups of the corresponding combination MIMO signal of remote unit processing, radiation electric Cable element can be arranged, to be implemented to multiuser MIMO.Therefore, one group of radiating element and remote unit can be one Realized in individual specific region (section in such as tunnel), and other radiating cable elements and remote unit can be in tunnels Another region or another section in realize.In this way it is possible to provide the signal conditioning for multiuser MIMO feature.

Figure 14 shows the embodiments of the invention of the combination coupler circuit according to the present invention, wherein various remote units It is the MIMO remote units that can be handled multiple mimo channel signals and be coupled with multiple radiating cable elements.In Figure 14 reality Apply in example, similar to Figure 11, realized between the appropriate radiating element of each remote unit and such as radiating cable element mixed Coupler circuit is closed.Figure 14 is similar to Figure 13 in a variety of ways, and therefore, common element is given similar label.

Referring now to Figure 14, the offer of system 340 processing is directed into the (all from MIMO signal source of MIMO master units 306 Such as MIMO BTS 307) MIMO signal 308,310 distributed system.MIMO master units are transmitted by appropriate signal to be situated between Each offer of matter/link 309 (such as RF cable links or optical fiber link) into multiple MIMO remote units 342 includes letter Multiple MIMO signals of road 1MIMO signals (CH1) and channel 2MIMO signals (CH2).Each remote unit 342a-d will come from figure MIMO signal CH1, CH2 that CH1, CH2 corresponding output port are shown as in 14 is directed to the coupling coupled with each remote unit Corresponding first and second input port 344 of device circuit 346.According to the present invention, the combination the as described herein of coupler circuit 346 One mimo channel signal CH1 and the second mimo channel signal, to provide output on the appropriate output port 348 of coupler circuit Signal.Output signal is to include the composite signal of two mimo channel signals.For example, an output letter of coupler circuit 346 Number it is reflected as combination MIMO signal CH1+jCH2.Another signal is reflected as CH2+jCH1.As described above, output signal bag Include at least a portion of at least a portion of MIMO signal and another MIMO signal through phase shift.

Embodiment according to Figure 14, radiating cable element 350 or 352 and corresponding coupler circuit output port coupling Close.For example, the first radiating cable element 350 processing combination MIMO signal CH1+jCH2.Alternately, second and different radiation The processing combination MIMO signal CH2+jCH1 of cable element 352, such signal is in appropriate closing space (such as tunnel 304) Send, communicated for the MIMO with mobile device 330.As described above, coupler circuit can be 90 ° of 3dB blended RF couplers.

Figure 15 shows another embodiment of the present invention, and it is more or less similar with the arrangement shown in Figure 12 and realizes As the radiating element of radiating cable element, to serve as the antenna for sending and receiving signal in a distributed system.Due to The similitude of element between Figure 13,14 and 15, identical label is also realized in fig .15.As shown in figure 15, MIMO BTS307 By coupler circuit 312 mimo channel signal is provided to MIMO master units 306.Therefore MIMO master units 306 handle and combine often The combination MIMO signal of the part of individual mimo channel signal, it is as described herein.It is relative to shown in Figure 13 in Figure 15 embodiment One difference of system is that the distributed system 360 shown in Figure 15 combines the MIMO remote units with multiple output ports, uses In being coupled to multiple appropriate radiating elements, such as radiating cable element 350,352.MIMO master units 306 pass through appropriate letter Number transmission medium/link is linked with each in various MIMO remote units 362a-d.MIMO remote units 362 processing this two Individual combination output signal, and be shown at corresponding output port 364 to the offer combination of multiple radiating cable elements Mimo channel signal.For example, one in the output port of remote unit 362 will include composite signal CH1+jCH2, and will The signal is directed to element 350.Another in output port will handle the composite signal CH2+ for being directed into element 352 jCH1.Although remote unit 362 handles multiple combination output signals, each in these combination MIMO signals is directed To appropriate radiating element, such as element 350,352, for being communicated with the equipment 330 in tunnel environment 304.By this way, Figure 15 provides the various advantages and benefit of the invention according to principle discussed in this article.The combination of signal is by these signals The pre-treatment for the master unit being delivered in Figure 15, rather than as shown in figure 14 between remote unit and corresponding radiating element.

Other modifications will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.Therefore, the invention reside in appended below Claim.In addition, although show embodiments of the invention by describing various embodiments and example, although and Had been described in considerable detail these embodiments, but the purpose of applicant be not limitation scope of the following claims or with Any mode is limited to these details.Additional advantages and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art 's.Therefore, shown in therefore the present invention is not limited in its broader aspect and described detail, representative device and side Method and illustrated examples.Correspondingly, can in the case where not departing from the spirit or scope of overall inventive concept of applicant To deviate these details.

Claims (20)

1. a kind of system, including：

Multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) signal source, can be used to provide includes at least the first MIMO signal and at least the 2nd MIMO The MIMO signal of signal；

Multiple remote units, with the MIMO signal sources traffic and being configured as receiving the first MIMO signal and the 2nd MIMO and believing Number, each remote unit provides the MIMO signal at corresponding output port；

At least one radiating cable element, for signal to be radiated in space；

Hybrid coupler, is coupling between the output port of remote unit and the cable radiating element and is configured as corresponding Input port on receive the first MIMO signal and the second MIMO signal and at least one output port from remote unit Output signal, at least one of the output signal at least a portion and the second MIMO signal including the first MIMO signal are provided Point；

The radiating cable element is coupled with least one described output port.

2. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the remote unit passes through at least one of optical link and/or RF links Communicated with master unit.

3. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hybrid coupler is 90 ° of 3dB hybrid couplers.

4. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coupler is additionally configured to export multiple on multiple output ports Each output signal in output signal, the multiple output signal includes at least a portion and second of the first MIMO signal At least a portion of MIMO signal, radiating cable element is coupled with each output port.

5. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein constituting the portion of the first and second MIMO signals of the output signal At least one portion in point is phase-shifted.

6. the system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the part or the portion of the second MIMO signal of the first MIMO signal Point at least one relative to corresponding first MIMO signal and the second MIMO signal by orthogonally phase shift.

7. system as claimed in claim 4, wherein at least one output signal on the output port of the coupler includes The phase-shifted version of a part for first MIMO signal and the second MIMO signal, and the first radiating cable element is coupled to transmission Another output signal on that corresponding signal, and the output port of the coupler includes the one of the second MIMO signal Partly with the phase-shifted version of the first MIMO signal, and the second radiating cable element is coupled to send that corresponding signal.

8. a kind of system, including：

At least one master unit, is arranged to process signal；

Hybrid coupler, with the master unit couple with corresponding input port from signal source receive the first MIMO signal and Second MIMO signal, and be configured as at least one output port providing output signal, the output signal includes the At least a portion of at least a portion of one MIMO signal and the second MIMO signal, the master unit is coupled to receive coupler Output signal；

Multiple remote units, communicate with the master unit and are configured as receiving the coupler output letter from the master unit Number；

At least one radiating cable element, for by signal be radiated in space and with least one for radiant output signal Individual remote unit coupling.

9. system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the remote unit passes through at least one of optical link and/or RF links Communicated with the master unit.

10. system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the hybrid coupler is 90 ° of 3dB hybrid couplers.

11. system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the coupler is additionally configured to export multiple on multiple output ports Each output signal in output signal, the multiple output signal includes at least a portion and second of the first MIMO signal At least a portion of MIMO signal, remote unit and corresponding radiating cable element are coupled to receive and radiated each output letter Number.

12. system as claimed in claim 8, wherein constituting the portion of the first and second MIMO signals of the output signal At least one portion in point is phase-shifted.

13. system as claimed in claim 11, wherein the remote unit is that the SISO coupled with radiating cable element is long-range Each output signal in unit, the multiple output signal is sent by different remote units.

14. system as claimed in claim 11, wherein the remote unit is the MIMO coupled with multiple radiating cable elements Each output signal in remote unit, the multiple output signal is sent by identical remote unit.

15. system as claimed in claim 14, wherein each output signal in the multiple output signal is by different spokes Penetrate cable element transmission.

16. a kind of system, including：

Multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) signal source, can be used to provide includes at least the first MIMO signal and at least the 2nd MIMO The MIMO signal of signal；

Hybrid coupler, coupled with the signal source and be configured as receiving the first MIMO signal on corresponding input port and Both second MIMO signals, and be configured as providing output signal on corresponding output port, wherein each output signal Include at least a portion of both the first MIMO signal and the second MIMO signal；

The output signal of one output port, including the first MIMO signal at least a portion and relative to the second MIMO signal quilt Orthogonally at least a portion of the second MIMO signal of phase shift；

The output signal of another output port, including the second MIMO signal at least a portion and relative to the first MIMO signal By at least a portion of the first MIMO signal of orthogonally phase shift；

Multiple radiating cable elements, are operatively coupled to receive output signal, and at least one radiating cable element receives described The signal of one output port and at least one radiating cable element receive the signal of another output port with will letter Number it is radiated in space.

17. system as claimed in claim 16, in addition to the master unit coupled with the MIMO signal source, the coupler are put Between the signal source and the master unit, the output signal is delivered to the master unit to be delivered by the coupler To the radiating cable element.

18. system as claimed in claim 16, in addition to the master unit that is coupled with the MIMO signal source and with the main list Multiple remote units of member coupling, the radiating cable element operationally couples to receive the output with the remote unit Signal.

19. system as claimed in claim 18, wherein the coupler is placed in remote unit and is coupled to its at least one Between individual radiating cable element, the radiating cable element is operatively coupled to receive the output letter from the coupler Number.

20. system as claimed in claim 19, wherein the coupler is placed in remote unit and is coupled to its multiple spokes Penetrate between cable element, the radiating cable element is operatively coupled to receive the output letter from the coupler Number.