CN107109917B - Method for remedying sand fallout during complete well - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of completion method includes remedying the sand fallout situation occurred along region-of-interest.This method comprises: forming wellbore, part is at least descended with production casing column liner wellbore, and dispose valve along production casing, wherein the fluid in needle device to hole flows to form removable barrier.The barrier is removed by mobile valve in the case where sand fallout.Which overcome the barriers of needle fluid flow, thus will be exposed to subsurface formations along the port of production casing at valve or below valve.It carries out additional pumping and passes through the port exposed to pump slurry, thus remedy sand fallout situation.

Description

Method for remedying sand fallout during complete well

Cross reference to related applications

This application claims in " the method for remedying sand fallout during complete well submitting, entitled on October 3rd, 2014 The US provisional patent Shen of (Method For Remediating A Screen-Out During Well Completion) " It please be No. 62/059,517 and on 2 13rd, the 2015 " methods for remedying sand fallout during complete well submitting, entitled The US provisional patent Shen of (Method For Remediating A Screen-Out During Well Completion) " Benefit of priority that please be the 62/116th, No. 084, the full content of above-mentioned application are incorporated herein by reference.This application involves in On May 24th, 2013 " autonomous downhole conveyance system (Autonomous Downhole Conveyance submitting, entitled System) ", as co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 13/ disclosed in U.S. Patent bulletin the 2013/0248174th No. 989,728.The application is further related in " the autonomous tubular units multizone pressure of use submitting, entitled on November 13rd, 2012 Split the component and method (Assembly and Method for Multi-Zone Fracture of volume increase reservoir Stimulation of a Reservoir Using Autonomous Tubular Units) ", as U.S. Patent bulletin Co-pending U.S. Patent Application No. 13/697,769 disclosed in No. 2013/0062055.In the whole of the two applications Appearance is all incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field

This part intends to introduction may technical field associated with the exemplary embodiment of the disclosure various aspects.Really Believe that this discussion helps to provide particular aspects of the frame in order to more fully understand the disclosure.It will thus be appreciated that should evidence This reads the part, but should not be understood as recognizing to constitute the prior art.

The invention mainly relates to the fields of wellbore operations.More particularly it relates to Completion Operations, wherein by stages The multiple regions of pressure break subsurface formations.

Background technique

In the drilling well of oil/gas well, wellbore is formed using the drill bit that the lower end in drill string is pushed down.It is pre- getting into After fixed bottom hole location, drill string and drill bit are removed, and with casing string come liner wellbore.Thus casing string and around Annular region is formed between stratum.

Cement operations typically are carried out to use concrete column filling or " extruding " annular region.The combination of cement and casing Enhance wellbore and is convenient for the Inter-zonal packing on the subsequent stratum of casing.

Usually in the wellbore by multiple casing strings placement with gradually smaller outer diameter.First column can be referred to as earth's surface Casing.Earth's surface casing is for being isolated and protecting the shallower water-bearing layer containing fresh water from the pollution of any other wellbore fluid.Cause This, which almost always returns completely is affixed to earth's surface.

The process of drilling and subsequent affixed gradually smaller casing string is repeated several times below earth's surface casing, until well Have reached total depth.In some cases, final casing string is bushing pipe, that is, not casing string of the tieback to earth's surface.Referred to as The final casing string of production casing is typically also affixed in place.Under some performances, production casing (or bushing pipe) has The swell packers or outer sleeve packer being spaced apart on selected pay interval.This formed between packer compartment with Isolation and specific stimulation treatment for each region.In this case, annular space can be filled simply with sand.

As a part of Completion Operations, production casing carries out perforation at desired level (level).This means that logical It crosses casing and projects side opening around the concrete column of casing.Perforation allows reservoir fluid to flow into wellbore.In swell packers or individually In the case where compartment, perforating gun penetrates casing, and reservoir fluid is allowed to flow into wellbore along corresponding region from rock stratum.

After perforation, stratum is typically in corresponding region by pressure break.Hydraulic fracturing is included such that reservoir rock portion Point formed fracture network high pressure and rate by with anti-friction agent water or viscous fluid (usually shear thinning, non newtonian are solidifying Glue or emulsion) it injects in stratum.Fracturing fluid typically with proppant material (such as sand, granite fragment, ceramic bead or its Its granular materials) mixing.Proppant is used to keep one or more cracks after hydraulic release.So-called " tight " or very In the case where advising stratum, the combination of the proppant of crack and injection significantly increases the fluid ability of processed reservoir.

In order to further make formation stimulation and clean near-wellbore region in underground, operator is with can choose " acidification " Layer.This is completed by being injected downwardly into acid solution along wellbore and passing through perforation.Acidification is used when stratum includes carbonate rock Solution is particularly advantageous.In operation, Wan Jing company injects the formic acid of concentration or other acidic compositions in wellbore simultaneously It directs fluid into selected region-of-interest.Acid helps to dissolve carbonate material, thus opens porous channel, hydrocarbon fluid can To be flowed into wellbore by the channel.In addition, acid helps to dissolve the drilling mud of possible invaded formation.

The application of hydraulic fracturing as described above and acid volume increase is the stone applied to individual oil-producing stratum (or " oil reservoir ") The regular section of oily industrial operation.Such oil reservoir can indicate the total vertical of the subsurface formations for being up to about 60 meters (100 feet) Thickness.Recently, by horizontally through produce hydrocarbon stratum in a manner of complete well, wherein horizontal component may extend 5000 feet, 10000 feet even 15000 feet.

When there is multiple or multilayer formation by hydraulic fracturing or will have very thick hydrocarbon containing formation (more than about 40 meters or 131 English Ruler) when, or more complicated processing technique is needed to obtain to entire target just in the case where complete well in extended horizontal well The processing on stratum.In this respect, operator each region or section must be isolated with ensure each independent region not only by Perforation, and to carry out abundant pressure break and processing.In this manner, operator ensures that fracturing fluid and increasing agent are penetrated by each group The region of each concern is injected effectively to increase the fluid ability at each desired depth in hole.

The isolation of each region for pre-manufactured processing needs each interval for the treatment of by stages.This correspondingly includes using institute The method that changes its course of meaning.In petroleum industry term, " change its course (diversion) " indicates that the fluid of injection is redirected in order to avoid into one Group perforation, so that fluid mainly only enters a selected region-of-interest.In the case where multiple region-of-interests will carry out perforation, This needs to be implemented multiple change its course the stage.

In order to which selected region-of-interest is isolated, the various technologies that change its course can be used in wellbore.In many cases, it uses Mechanical device such as press-fracturing bridge plug, downhole valve, sliding sleeve (referred to as " pressure break sleeve ") and the combination for keeping off plate/blind.

Sometimes problem is encountered that so-called sand fallout during " perforation and pressure break (perf-and-frac) " process (screen-out).The crack of near wellbore is filled when the proppant compactness that a part as fracturing fluid slurry is injected Sand fallout can occur when with perforation tunnel.This will form blocking so that the injection that continues of the slurry inside crack needs to be more than wellbore Or the pumping pressure of the security restriction of wellhead equipment.Operationally, this interruption that will lead to fracturing operation, and in recovery operation Need to stop to pump and clean wellbore before.In fractured horizontal well, sand fallout can upset well and operate and lead to cost overrun.

In the case where operator pumps slurry when effective perforating gun is in well, operator can pumped Period remedies sand fallout by projecting one group of new perforation.This can be completed using multizone yield-increasing technology.? In this case, operator sends signal to bottom hole assembly comprising have the various perforating guns of association ammunition.Using such The example of the multizone yield-increasing technology of bottom hole assembly includes " instant perforation " (JITP) technology and " annular coiled tubing frac (ACT Frac) " technology.During these, the substantially continuous processing in each region is carried out.

Bottom hole assembly for JITP and ACT Frac process has an advantage that they allow operator along each concern Region carries out perforation to casing and corresponding region-of-interest is sequentially then isolated, and allows fracturing fluid in same one stroke In the middle several region-of-interests of injection.Fortunately, each of these multizone yield-increasing technologies is also provided the sand fallout the case where It is lower to form proppant disposal area as needed to clear up wellbore (JITP) or simply by the new rock section of perforation Proppant is recycled to outside well to the ability of (ACT Frac) using the coil pipe in wellbore.However, in more conventional carry out list region In the complete well of volume increase or a secondary processing multi-openings group, sand fallout may need replacing the completion equipment at earth's surface and operation On have sizable delay.

Recently, it has developed a kind of using the so-called novel completions program from mother-tool.These are to fall into from mother-tool The tool not controlled in wellbore and from earth's surface；On the contrary, these tools include being interacted with the controller on tool with certainly Row determines the one or more sensors (for example, casing collar locator (CCL)) of the position in wellbore.When from mother-tool in underground quilt When pumping, controller finally goes out identification target depth and sends actuating signal, causes to act.The case where tool is bridge plug Under, plug is placed at the desired depth in wellbore.Similarly, in the case where tool is perforating gun, one or more detonators Being fired to, which " will project object ", is sent in casing and the subsurface formations of surrounding.Unfortunately, when sand fallout occurs, autonomous perforation Rifle cannot be pumped into wellbore；Therefore, perforating gun needed during falling within sand fallout at earth's surface replace completion equipment it is complete Well classification.

Even furthermore it is possible to observe JITP and ACT-Frac program also vulnerable in the highest region of perforation and pressure break stage The influence of the concurrent problem of sand fallout at domain.(this combines Fig. 1 F to prove below).

Therefore, for remedied during sand fallout situation wellbore without interrupt pumping procedure method there are demands.In addition, right In autonomous perforation tool can be disposed to completion technique in the wellbore during sand fallout situation, there are demands.

Summary of the invention

Method described herein has various benefits in terms of carrying out oil/gas drilling and completion practice.Specifically, it provides Method for complete well.

On the one hand, a method for finishing well includes forming wellbore first.The wellbore restriction extends in subsurface formations Hole.The wellbore can be formed as generally vertical well；It is highly preferred that by drilling out inclination or even horizontal well come shape At the well.

The method also includes the wellbores described in production casing column liner.The production casing is by end-to-end threaded connection A series of coupling compositions.

The method also includes disposing valve along the production casing.The valve can be inserted in casing string or and casing Column integrally forms.The needle flows the fluid in the hole to form removable barrier.Preferably, the valve is that have The sliding sleeve of the valve seat of valve ball is received, wherein the valve ball falls from earth's surface to form pressure seal on the valve seat.Institute It states sleeve to be held in place by shear pin, when the shear pin is designed to the pressure above sleeve more than scheduled set point It is sheared.This can open the port for regional processing or phase process.If being during processing more than the sand fallout pressure of estimation Power then keeps the additional shear pin of valve seat that will shear, in underground relief valve.Also other types of valve can be used, it is as follows It is described.

The method also includes carrying out perforation to the production casing.Along the first region-of-interest in subsurface formations to set Pipe carries out perforation.First region-of-interest is located at the valve or valve top.The process of perforation includes that will project object to hit It is dealt into casing, by the cement sheath of surrounding, and enters the rock matrix of the composition subsurface formations of surrounding.This passes through in wellbore It is middle to be completed using perforating gun.

Next the method includes injecting slurry in the wellbore.The slurry includes fracturing propping agents, the pressure Proppant is split preferably to carry in water-bearing media.

The method also includes in the case where being enough to move the valve and overcome the pressure of the barrier of needle fluid flow Pump the slurry.The step is completed along the sand fallout situation of the first region-of-interest in response to what is formed in slurry injection period Suddenly.The mobile valve is will be exposed to subsurface formations along the port of the production casing at the valve or below the valve.

The method additionally includes further pumping the slurry to pass through the port exposed, is thus remedied on the valve The sand fallout situation of side.

In the one side of the method, the valve is sliding sleeve.In this case, the mobile valve is with exposure along institute The port for stating production casing includes mobile or " sliding " described sleeve to be exposed to construct in the sliding sleeve one or more A port.This may include the shearing of positioning pin.

In another embodiment, the method also includes disposing pressure break baffle along the production casing.The pressure break gear Plate is located above the sliding sleeve, but is located at first region-of-interest or below first region-of-interest.It is described Pressure break baffle can be the subsystem that the neighbouring sliding sleeve between initial break is threadedly coupled to the production casing (sub) a part.Then rupture disk is pumped downwards before slurry along the wellbore.The rupture disk is pumped into just Depth above the valve, until the rupture disk lands on the pressure break baffle.In this embodiment, the rupture Disk is designed to rupture under the pressure of the pressure needed for being greater than sand-out pressure but being preferably lower than the mobile valve.

Optionally, it is (such as aqueous can to inject fluid under stress by the exposure port of the sliding sleeve by operator Fluid), thus minute crack is formed in the subsurface formations below first region-of-interest.It is pumped by the rupture disk The step is completed by operator before in the wellbore.

In another embodiment, the valve is the first explosion plug.The first explosion plug has the first explosion rated value.Institute Stating port indicates the perforation being placed in the production casing in the second region-of-interest below first region-of-interest.? In the embodiment, the mobile valve is being more than the pressure bet of the explosion rated value of the first explosion plug to expose port to include Enter the slurry.Optionally, in this embodiment, the method also includes at second region-of-interest or it is described second close It infuses below region along production casing placement the second explosion plug and third explosion plug, is formed in the case where multiple sand fallout more Minot chain reaction.The second explosion plug and third explosion plug have the explosion for being equal to or more than the first explosion rated value Rated value.

It yet still another aspect, be valve with ball seat by the mobile valve, and the port is early in first region-of-interest The perforation being placed in second region-of-interest of lower section in the production casing.In this case, the mobile valve is with exposed ends It mouthful include that the slurry is injected under the pressure of the pressure seal on the valve seat promoting the valve ball to lose it.Promote described Valve ball loses its pressure seal and can be limited to that the valve ball is promoted to be crushed, the valve ball is promoted to dissolve or promote the valve Ball collapses.

In a preferred embodiment, carrying out perforation to the production casing includes that autonomous perforating gun assembly is pumped into the well In eye, and perforating gun is automatically fired along first region-of-interest.The autonomous perforating gun assembly includes perforating gun, uses In the deepness locater and onboard controller that sense position of the perforating gun assembly in the wellbore.It " automatically hits Hair " is indicated by controller pre-programmed, thus when locator has identified selected location of the perforating gun along the wellbore Actuating signal is sent to the perforating gun to promote one or more detonators to fire.On the one hand, the deepness locater is set Pipe collar locator, and the onboard controller is interacted with described sleeve pipe collar locator with will be along the well according to algorithm The spacing of the casing coupling of eye is associated with depth.Described sleeve pipe collar locator is different along the magnetism of casing wall by detection Often identify box cupling.

It can be observed that size is determined at and is arranged together by the perforating gun, the locator and the onboard controller It is deployed in the wellbore at as independent unit.In this application, " independent unit " indicates that component is not directly controlled from earth's surface. In other words, tool assembly knows when activation tool independent of the signal from earth's surface.Preferably, tool assembly is not having It is released in wellbore in the case where having working line.Tool assembly drops in wellbore by gravity or to pumped downhole. However, can be optionally with non-electrical as such as slip (non-electric) working line.

On the other hand, just autonomous perforating gun assembly is disposed in the wellbore after having remedied sand fallout situation.Perforating gun Component is used for the one group perforation new along the percussion of the first region-of-interest.In this manner, can start in the region-of-interest newly Fracturing process.

Detailed description of the invention

In order to which the present invention, rear attached some attached drawings, chart, figure and/or flow chart may be better understood.However it should infuse Meaning, attached drawing illustrates only selected embodiment of the invention, and is therefore not considered as the limitation of range, and reason is this hair It is bright to can permit other equivalent effective embodiments and application.

A series of side views of the lower part of wellbore are presented in Figure 1A to 1F.Wellbore is undergoing completions program, stage by stage Use perforating gun and valve ball sealer.This is known program.

Figure 1A is in the wellbore for having used production casing column liner.Ring seal packer is disposed along wellbore selected ground is isolated Lower region.Each region is identified as " A ", " B " and " C ".

Figure 1B shows the region A of the wellbore of perforating.In addition, used any of hydraulic fracturing technology along Region A forms crack in subsurface formations.

Fig. 1 C is shown near the packer that plug is already provided among region A and B.In addition, perforating gun is shown as edge Region B form new perforation.

Fig. 1 D shows the fracturing fluid or slurry being just pumped into wellbore, wherein being along region B in subsurface formations Middle induction man-made fracture.

Fig. 1 E shows valve ball sealer and has fallen into wellbore, thus seals perforation along region B.In addition, now along Region C indicates perforating gun.Perforation is being carried out along the casing of region C.

Fig. 1 F shows the fracturing fluid or slurry being just pumped into wellbore.Region C is along to lure in subsurface formations Send out man-made fracture.

A series of side views of the lower part of wellbore are presented in Fig. 2A to 2F.Wellbore is undergoing completions program, stage by stage Use perforating gun and plug.This is known program.

Fig. 2A is in the wellbore for having used production casing column liner.Ring seal packer is disposed along wellbore selected ground is isolated Lower region.Each region is identified as " A ", " B " and " C ".

Fig. 2 B shows the region A for the wellbore for having used perforating gun to carry out perforation.The plug lower going-into-well together with perforating gun Eye.

Fig. 2 C, which is shown, has used fracturing fluid to form crack in subsurface formations along region A.It can be seen that proppant is present In the annular region along region A.

Fig. 2 D is shown near the packer that second plug is already provided among region B and C.In addition, perforating gun is shown To form perforation along region B.

Fig. 2 E shows fracturing fluid and is just pumped into wellbore, wherein be along region B induces people in subsurface formations Make crack.

Fig. 2 F is shown near the packer that third plug is already provided among region B and C.In addition, perforating gun is shown To form perforation along region C.

A series of side views of the lower part of wellbore are presented in Fig. 3 A to 3F.Wellbore is undergoing completions program, stage by stage Use perforating gun, the valve ball of pressure break sleeve and whereabouts.This is known program.

Fig. 3 A is in the wellbore for having used production casing column liner.Ring seal packer is disposed along wellbore selected ground is isolated Lower region.Each region is identified as " A ", " B " and " C ".

Fig. 3 B is shown on the pressure break sleeve that valve ball has been fallen in the A of region.

Fig. 3 C, which is shown, applies the hydraulic pressure break set in opened areas A by the way that fracturing fluid to be pumped into wellbore Cylinder.In addition, being along region A created fractures in subsurface formations.It can be seen that proppant is now currently located in the annular region along region A In.

Fig. 3 D shows the second valve ball and has fallen.Valve ball has landed on the pressure break sleeve in the B of region.

Fig. 3 E, which is shown, applies the hydraulic pressure break set in opened areas B by the way that fracturing fluid to be pumped into wellbore Cylinder.In addition, being along region B created fractures in subsurface formations.It can be seen that proppant is now currently located in the annular region along region B In.

Fig. 3 F shows third valve ball and has fallen.Valve ball has landed on the pressure break sleeve in the C of region.Region C is ready for It is handled well.

A series of side views of the lower part of wellbore are presented in Fig. 4 A to 4F.Wellbore is undergoing the completions program using valve, It is wherein activated in novel application or mobile valve is to expose the port along production casing.

Wellbore is presented in Fig. 4 A, and wherein sliding sleeve is threadedly coupled side by side (in line) with production casing column.Valve ball just quilt It is pumped into wellbore to activate sliding sleeve.

Fig. 4 B shows valve ball and has landed onto the valve seat of sliding sleeve.Sleeve has been activated, exposure exit port.In addition, Hydraulic fluid is pumped into wellbore to open small crack.

Fig. 4 C is another view of the wellbore of Fig. 4 A.It is pumped down here, rupture disk is along wellbore.

Fig. 4 D shows rupture disk and has landed on apron block.Apron block is in the upstream of sliding sleeve.In addition, production casing The perforating above apron block.

Fig. 4 E is another view of the wellbore of Fig. 4 A.Here, fracturing fluid, which is along wellbore, is pumped downward through perforation. Crack is just formed in subsurface formations.

Fig. 4 F shows the sand fallout situation in response to perforation, and fracturing fluid continues on wellbore and is pumped down.Pumping Pressure has caused rupture disk to be destroyed, and slurry is allowed to move along wellbore downwardly and towards the port exposed.

Fig. 5 A and 5B show the substitution completion method for the wellbore of perforation.It is being kept off here, rupture disk relands On panel seat.However, different from the use of sliding sleeve, wellbore independently perforating below rupture disk.

Wellbore is presented in Fig. 5 A, and wherein rupture disk lands on apron block.Wellbore has all received above and below apron block Perforation.Subsurface formations are passing through top perforation by pressure break.

Fig. 5 B is another view of the wellbore of Fig. 5 A.In response to the sand fallout situation at the perforation of top, fracturing fluid continues edge Wellbore be pumped down.Pumping pressure has caused rupture disk to be destroyed, and allows slurry along wellbore downwardly and towards lower part perforation It is mobile.

Wellbore is presented in Fig. 5 C, and wherein valve ball lands in pressure break plug.Wellbore has all received to penetrate above and below pressure break plug Hole.Subsurface formations are passing through top perforation by pressure break.

Fig. 5 D is another view of the wellbore of Fig. 5 C.In response to the sand fallout situation at the perforation of top, fracturing fluid continues edge Wellbore be pumped down.Pumping pressure has caused to be cut along the valve seat of pressure break plug, allows slurry downward along wellbore and court Lower part perforation it is mobile.

Fig. 6 A and 6B show another substitution completion method of the wellbore for perforation.Here, rupture disk is again Land is on apron block.In addition, second lower part rupture disk lands on the apron block below one group of perforation of lower part.

Wellbore is presented in Fig. 6 A, and middle and upper part rupture disk has landed on upper guard-plate seat.Wellbore is above upper guard-plate seat Perforation is all received with lower section.Subsurface formations are passing through top perforation by pressure break.

Fig. 6 B is another view of the wellbore of Fig. 6 A.In response to the sand fallout situation at the perforation of top, fracturing fluid continues edge Wellbore be pumped down.Pumping pressure has caused top rupture disk to be destroyed, and allows slurry along wellbore downwardly and towards lower part Perforation is mobile.

Fig. 7 A and 7B show a kind of substitution completion method of the wellbore for perforation.Here, using ball in the wellbore Seat valve.Wellbore independently perforating below valve.

Wellbore is presented in Fig. 7 A, wherein the valve ball that can be collapsed has landed on valve seat.Wellbore above and below valve seat all Receive perforation.Subsurface formations are passing through top perforation by pressure break.

Fig. 7 B is another view of the wellbore of Fig. 7 A.In response to the sand fallout situation at the perforation of top, fracturing fluid continues edge Wellbore be pumped down.Pumping pressure has caused valve ball to collapse, and slurry is allowed to move along wellbore downwardly and towards lower part perforation.

Fig. 8 is flow chart the step of being used for completion method shown in one embodiment.This method is using can be activated To expose the valve of one group of port below perforation, sand fallout situation is thus remedied.

Specific embodiment

Definition

As used herein, term " hydrocarbon " refers to that main includes but is not limited to the organic compound of element hydrogen and carbon. Hydrocarbon can also include other elements, such as, but not limited to halogen, metallic element, nitrogen, oxygen, and/or sulphur.Hydrocarbon is generally divided into two classes: Aliphatic or straight-chain hydrocarbons；And cyclic annular or closed-ring hydrocarbons, including cyclic terpene.The example of hydrocarbonaceous material include may be used as fuel or Upgrade to any type of natural gas, oil, coal and the pitch of fuel.

As used herein, term " hydrocarbon fluid " refers to the mixture of hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon as gas or liquid.For example, Hydrocarbon fluid may include under formation conditions, under processing conditions or at environmental condition (15 DEG C to 20 DEG C and 1 atmospheric pressure) The mixture of lower hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon as gas or liquid.Hydrocarbon fluid may include such as oil, natural gas, coal bed gas, shale oil, heat Solve oil, pyrolysis gas, the thermal decomposition product of coal and other hydrocarbon in gaseous state or liquid.

As used herein, term " fluid of output " and " production fluid " refer to from subsurface formations (including for example Rock stratum rich in organic matter) take out liquid and/or gas.The fluid of output may include hydrocarbon fluid and non-hydrocarbon fluids.Production Fluid can include but is not limited to oil, natural gas, pyrolysis shale oil, synthesis gas, the thermal decomposition product of coal, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, With water (including steam).

As used herein, term " fluid " refers to the combination of gas, liquid and gas and liquid, Yi Jiqi The combination of body and solid, the combination and gas of liquid and solid, the combination of liquid and solid.

As used herein, term " gas " refers to the fluid that gas phase is at 1 atmospheric pressure and 15 DEG C.

As used herein, term " oil " refers to the hydrocarbon fluid for mainly containing the mixture of condensable hydrocarbons.

As used herein, term " underground " refers to the geological stratification being present in below earth surface.

As used herein, term " stratum " refers to any definable subterranean zone.Stratum may include any Architectonic one or more hydrocarbon bearing formation, one or more not hydrocarbon bearing formation, overlying rock, and/or underlying stratums.

Term " region " or " region-of-interest " refer to a part on the stratum comprising hydrocarbon.Optionally, stratum can be aqueous Interval.

For the purpose of the application, term " production casing " include along the fixed liner string in the wellbore of region-of-interest or Any other tubular body extends to or does not extend to earth's surface.

As used herein, term " wellbore ", which refers to, is formed in underground and drilling or inserting the catheter into underground Hole.Wellbore can have almost circular cross section or other cross-sectional shapes.As used herein, term " well " exists It indicates to be used interchangeably with term " wellbore " when the opening in stratum.

The description of selected specific embodiment

Specific examples describe the present invention herein in conjunction with some.However, in the following detailed description specifically for specific In the case where embodiment or special-purpose, such detailed description is interpreted as being merely exemplary, and is not construed as It limits the scope of the invention.

Certain aspects of the invention are described herein in connection with various attached drawings.In some drawings, it is interpreted as court at the top of map sheet Earth's surface, and the bottom of map sheet is interpreted as towards shaft bottom.Although well is completed with roughly vertical orientation, It is it should be understood that present well also often obliquely and/or is even horizontally completed.When reference attached drawing or in the claims When using descriptive term "up" and "down" or " top " and " lower part " or similar terms, they are interpreted as indicating map sheet On or relative position relative to claim terms, and be not necessarily the orientation in ground, the reason is that no matter wellbore How to orient the present invention all has practicability.

The complete well of wellbore in unconventional reservoir increasingly increases in length.No matter such wellbore is vertical or horizontal , such well requires placement multi-openings group and multiple cracks.Known complete well correspondingly needs to add downhole hardware, this Increase expense, complexity and the risk of well complete in this way.

It is used to split multiple regions along the extended reach well intraocular pressure for being easy to carry out hydrocarbon production operation it has been known that there is several technologies.It is a kind of this The technology of sample includes using the perforating gun and valve ball sealer run stage by stage.

A series of side views for extending the lower part of wellbore 100 are presented in Figure 1A to Fig. 1 F.Wellbore 100 has been undergoing well journey Sequence uses perforating gun 150 and valve ball sealer 160 stage by stage.

Firstly, Figure 1A introduces wellbore 100.Wellbore 100 is lined with the casing string of production casing 120.Production casing 120 limits A series of pipe fittings of the length of end-to-end threaded connection.Production casing 120 provides hole 105 for transporting fluid into wellbore 100 neutralize from the submitting of wellbore 100.

Production casing 120 is located in the subsurface formations 110 of surrounding.Ring seal packer is disposed along casing 120 choosing is isolated Fixed subterranean zone.Three exemplary areas are shown in Fig. 1 series, are identified as " A ", " B " and " C ".Packer is correspondingly It is designated as 115A, 115B, 115C and 115D, and is commonly positioned among each region.

It is expected that carrying out perforation and fracturing stratum along each of region A, B and C.Figure 1B shows the area of perforating Domain A.Perforation 125A is disposed by igniting ammunition associated with perforating gun 150.In addition, along region A in subsurface formations Crack 128A is formed in 110.Crack 128A is formed using any of hydraulic fracturing technology.

It can be observed that using the hydraulic fluid 145 with proppant about crack 128A is formed.Proppant is typically Sand, and for discharging the hydraulic crack 128A opening of holding later from stratum 110.It can also be observed that in injection hydraulic fluid After 145, thin cyclic annular gravel filling is stayed in the region being formed between the stratum 110 of casing 120 and surrounding.This is being insulated It is visible between device 115A and 115B.Gravel filling advantageously supports the stratum 110 of surrounding and helps to maintain fines from invading Enter hole 105.

As next step, fracture zone B.This shows in fig. 1 c.Fig. 1 C shows plug 140 and is already provided at region A Near the packer 115B among B.In addition, perforating gun 150 is disposed along region B.With the associated additional bullet of perforating gun 150 Medicine is detonated, and generates perforation 125B.

It is just being pumped into hole 105 next, Fig. 1 D shows fracturing fluid 145.Region B is along in subsurface formations Man-made fracture 128B is formed in 110.In addition, new perforating gun 150 has dropped in wellbore 100 and disposes along region C.Valve ball Sealer 160 has been fallen into wellbore.

Fig. 1 E shows the next step for completing multizone wellbore 100.In fig. ie, valve ball sealer 160 has fallen into hole It lands in 105 and along region B.Valve ball sealer 160 seals perforation 125B.

It can also be observed that perforating gun 150 is increased to region C in wellbore 100 in fig. ie.It is related to perforating gun 150 The remaining ammunition of connection is detonated, and generates new perforation 125C.After perforation, fracturing fluid 145 is pumped behind perforating gun 150 It is sent in hole 105.

It is just further pumped into wellbore 100 finally, Fig. 1 F shows fracturing fluid 145.Specifically, fracturing fluid 145 are pumped through the new perforation 125C along region C.Man-made fracture has been induced in subsurface formations 120 along region C 128C.Percussion ammunition in perforating gun 150 has been finished, and rifle is pulled out from wellbore 100.

The multizone completions program of Figure 1A to 1F is referred to as " instant perforation " (JITP) process.JITP method represents a kind of high The method of effect, the reason is that can be in the case where perforating gun is in wellbore by fracturing fluid tripping in wellbore.It is penetrated once being emitted Hole and crack is formed, valve ball sealer just falls.When valve ball sealer is seated on perforation, in next region, percussion is penetrated Hole rifle.These steps are repeated for multiple regions, until all rifles are all finished.Then new plug 140 and the mistake are set Journey starts again at.

JITP process needs low flushing dose and provides the ability along each district management sand fallout.But it needs prolonging Multiple plugs are drilled in the well stretched.Even in addition, the program is also easy to sand fallout at the highest zone in multizone stage.At this Aspect will need to carry out cleaning operation if sand fallout occurs along exemplary area C during pumping.This is because slurry 145 cannot be passed through perforation 125C by complete pumping and enter stratum, the reason is that in the presence of 160 He of valve ball sealer along region B Bridge plug 140 above the A of region.

Used substitution completions program is traditional " blocking and perforation (Plug and Perf) " technology.This is in Fig. 2A It is shown into 2F.A series of side views of the lower part of wellbore 200 are presented in Fig. 2.Wellbore 200 undergoes completions program, stage by stage Use perforation plug 240 and rifle 250.

Fig. 2A is in the wellbore 200 for being lined with the casing string of production casing 220.100 phase of wellbore of wellbore 200 and Figure 1A Together.Wellbore 200 is lined with the casing string of production casing 220.Production casing 220 provides hole 205 for transporting fluid into well Eye 200 is neutralized to be sent out from wellbore 200.Production casing 220 is located in the subsurface formations 210 of surrounding.

Ring seal packer is equally disposed along casing 220 the selected subterranean region for being identified as " A ", " B " and " C " is isolated Domain.Packer is correspondingly noted as 215A, 215B, 215C and 215D.

In order to complete wellbore 200, the equal perforating of region A, B and C.In fig. 2b, the tripping in hole 205 of perforating gun 250.Rifle 250 dispose along region A.Perforation is formed in production casing 120 by igniting ammunition associated with perforating gun 250 225A。

Together with perforating gun 250, plug 240A has been set.In practice, plug 240A is typically on cable 255 Tripping in hole 205 at the lower end of perforating gun.In other words, before ammunition ignition, plug 240A and rifle 250 tripping in wellbore together 200。

Next, fracturing fluid 245 is injected into the perforation 225A newly formed.Fracturing fluid 245 with proppant It is injected to flow through perforation 225A under stress and enters stratum 210.In this manner, forming man-made fracture 228A.

Fig. 2 C shows the crack 228A formed in subsurface formations 210 along region A.Present visible proppant is located at In annular region along region A.Some gravel fillings are formed as a result,.

In the completion method of Fig. 2 series of attached drawing, repeat to carry out perforation and pressure break along region A about region B and C Process.Fig. 2 D shows the second perforating gun 250 and the second plug 240B of tripping in wellbore 200.Rifle 250 is disposed along region B, And plug 240B is arranged near packer 215B.In addition, ammunition associated with perforating gun 250 has been detonated, along region B Form new perforation 225B.

Next, fracturing fluid 245 is injected in the perforation 225B newly formed.Fracturing fluid 245 with proppant exists It is injected to flow through perforation 225B under pressure and enters stratum 210.In this manner, and as shown in Figure 2 E, it is formed new Man-made fracture 228A.

" blocking and perforation " process is repeated for region C.Fig. 2 F shows third perforating gun 250 and declines in hole 205 To near the C of region, and third plug 240C is already provided near the packer among region B and C.In addition, perforating gun 250 is aobvious It is shown as forming perforation along region C.It should be appreciated that then using fracturing fluid (not shown) along region C in subsurface formations 210 Middle formation crack (being also not shown).

In order to carry out perforation to multiple regions, " blocking and perforation " process is needed using many independent plugs.Can be with Those plugs must be correspondingly drilled out before starting production operation.In addition, " blocking and perforation " process needs big flushing dose And it is also easy to sand fallout.In this respect, it if sand fallout occurs along any region during pumping, will need to carry out cleaning behaviour Make.This is because slurry cannot be passed through perforation by complete pumping and enter stratum, or further downward along wellbore, the reason is that in mesh Marking region underface, there are bridge plug (such as plug 240C).

Used another completions program includes disposing multiple pressure break sleeves (or " pressure break casing ") along production casing.This Referred to as " valve ball and telescopic " complete well.Valve ball and sleeve technology are shown in Fig. 3 A into 3F.Wellbore 300 is presented in the figure of Fig. 3 A series of side views of lower part.Wellbore 300 is undergoing completions program, uses pressure break sleeve 321 stage by stage.

Firstly, Fig. 3 A introduces wellbore 300.Wellbore 300 is identical as the wellbore 100 of Figure 1A.Wellbore 300 is lined with production casing 320 casing string provides hole 305 to neutralize for transporting fluid into wellbore 300 from the submitting of wellbore 300.Ring seal packer 315A, 315B, 315C, 315D are disposed along casing 320 selected subterranean zone is isolated.Each region is identified as " A ", " B " " C ".

In the Completion Operations shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 series, each of region A, B and C are by sequentially perforation.However, In the Completion Operations of Fig. 3 series, pressure break sleeve 321A, 321B, 321C have been used.Use valve ball 323A, 323B, 323C sequence Open pressure break sleeve 321A, 321B, 321C in ground.This promotes each port along the exposure of production casing 320.

Referring now to Fig. 3 B, it can be seen that pressure break sleeve 321A is disposed along region A.Valve ball 323A has fallen into wellbore In 300 and land to on the associated valve seat of pressure break sleeve 321A.

Fig. 3 C show applied it is hydraulic to open pressure break sleeve 321A.This is by being pumped into hole 305 for fracturing fluid 345 In complete.As shown in Figure 3 C, fracturing fluid 345 flows through pressure break sleeve 321A, into the ground of production casing 320 and surrounding Annular region between lower stratum 310, and enter stratum 310 itself.It is along region A created fractures in subsurface formations 310 328A.In addition, it is seen that proppant is now currently located in the annular region along region A.

In the completion method of Fig. 3 series of attached drawing, repeat to open sleeve and pressure break along region A about region B and C Process.Fig. 3 D shows the second valve ball 323B and has fallen into wellbore 300 and landed on sleeve 321B.Sleeve 321B is along region B positioning.

Fig. 3 E show applied it is hydraulic to open pressure break sleeve 321B.This is by being pumped into wellbore for fracturing fluid 345 It is completed in 300.It is along region B created fractures in subsurface formations 310.It can be seen that proppant is now currently located in along region B's In annular region.

" valve ball and sleeve " process is repeated for region C.Fig. 3 F shows third valve ball 323C and has fallen into hole 305.Valve Ball 323C has landed onto the pressure break sleeve 321C of adjacent domain C.It should be appreciated that then along region C in subsurface formations 310 Form crack (not shown).

Flushing dose needed for the use of sleeve 321A, 321B, 321C as shown in Fig. 3 series have reduced well.This is corresponding Ground reduces the influence to environment.Meanwhile the use of multiple sleeves brings higher hardware risk and higher sand fallout risk.Such as Along any region sand fallout occurs for fruit during pumping, then will need to carry out cleaning operation.This is because slurry cannot be complete Pumping passes through perforation and enters stratum, the reason is that there are seal sleeves.

As the demand to " Accurate Points volume increase (pinpoint stimulation) " has been approved, for given well The quantity of length, stage is likely to increase in the future.However, single region volume increase experience have shown that, when wellbore is divided into lesser place When managing section, the risk of sand fallout be will increase.This means that the chance being pumped into the rock being easily processed is reduced.From using only pressure break Restore to be very expensive in the sand fallout problem of the complete well of sleeve, and is usually directed to well interference and is disposed during drill-well operation The removal (that is, destruction) of hardware in well.

For those reasons with possible other reasons, it is desirable to modify Fig. 1 series, Fig. 2 series and Fig. 3 series during The program of presentation.Specifically, it is desired to substitute wellbore plug and sleeve with the valve for forming fluid barriers, but wherein can use Increased pumping pressure is come selectively removing fluids barrier to expose across the port of production casing.In this manner, slurry The port then exposed can be pumped through.This makes when sand fallout occurs being capable of uninterrupted pumping pressure in the wellbore Rip current body.

Provide for providing valve in the wellbore with remove be directed to downhole fluid flowing barrier various methods and It is described below.

A series of side views of the lower part of wellbore 400 are presented in Fig. 4 A to 4F.Wellbore 400 is undergoing completions program, Perforation and pressure break including at least one region-of-interest.The restriction of wellbore 400 has passed through the hole 405 that subsurface formations 410 are formed.? In illustrative Fig. 4 series, wellbore 400 is completed with being horizontally oriented.

Fig. 4 A introduces wellbore 400.Wellbore 400 is using the casing string of production casing 420 to complete.Production casing 420 indicates A series of couplings of end-to-end threaded connection.Production casing 420 provides the road that wellbore 400 is entered and left for fluid Diameter.

Annular region 415 is located between production casing 420 and the surrounding rock matrix of subsurface formations 410.Annular region 415 Filled with cement, this is known in drilling and well completion technology.So-called swell packers are used in annular region 415 In the case of (for example, see packer 115A, 115B, 115C and 115D of Fig. 1 series of attached drawing), annular region 415 will be not filled with Cement.

Pressure break sleeve 440 is disposed along production casing 420.Pressure break sleeve 440 limits hydraulic actuated valve.This can be example Such as the Falcon hydraulic actuated valve of the Schlumberger Co., Ltd of Texas Sugar Land.Pressure break sleeve 440 wraps Include valve seat 442.442 size of valve seat is determined into reception valve ball 450.In the view of Fig. 4 A, valve ball 450 has fallen, and such as arrow It advances along wellbore 400 downwardly against valve seat 442 shown in head B.When landing on valve seat 442, valve ball 450 is by seal sleeve 440 In through-hole 445.

As shown in Figure 4 A, wellbore 400 further includes apron block 462.Apron block 462 limits and the spiral shell side by side of production casing 420 The subsystem of line connection.The determination of 462 size of apron block is shown as 460 rupture disk at receiving in Fig. 4 C and 4D.

Next view of Fig. 4 B presentation wellbore 400.Here, valve ball 450 has landed on the valve seat 442 of pressure break sleeve 460. Valve ball 450 provides sufficient pressure seal, forms fluid barriers in hole 405.

Fig. 4 B is also shown pressure break sleeve 440 and has moved.This means that applying pressure to valve seat 462 by valve ball 450, lead It causes sleeve 440 to shift, thus exposes one or more ports 455.By will make in fluid injection wells eye and at earth's surface Apply Fluid pressure with pump (not shown) to apply pressure.

It can also be seen that pressure break to a certain degree has occurred.As injection fluid under stress as a result, in subsurface formations At least one small crack 458 or " microcrack " have been formed in 410.Preferably, fluid be invade near-wellbore region salt water or its Its aqueous fluid.

Placement situation of the rupture disk 460 in hole 405 is shown referring to Fig. 4 C and 4D, Fig. 4 C now.Rupture disk 460 Just in pumped downhole, as shown by arrow D.In fig. 4d, rupture disk 460 has landed on apron block 462.Apron block 462 is located at Pressure break sleeve 440 is nearby and just at 455 top of flowing ports newly exposed.

Rupture disk 460 includes diaphragm or other pressure-responsive devices.Pressure apparatus has explosion rated value.Pressure in hole 405 When power is more than explosion rated value, disk 460 will rupture, and fluid is allowed to flow through wherein.Before explosion, 460 pairs of disk flowings are logical The fluid of via hole 405 forms barrier.

One group of new perforation 478 is also shown in fig. 4d.Perforation 478 has passed through casing 420 and has been formed and enter subsurface formations 410.Perforation is projected using perforating gun (not shown).Perforating gun can be the selected firelock for for example firing 16 shootings.Rifle tool There is the association ammunition of ignition to promote the production casing 420 launched object from gunslinging and injection object is promoted to enter surrounding.Allusion quotation Type, perforating gun 420 includes the ammunition string of the distribution of lengths along rifle 420 and the forming according to expectation specification orientation.

Alternatively, perforating gun can be such as autonomous perforation described in U.S. Patent bulletin the 2013/0062055th A part of rifle component.Autonomous perforating gun assembly is designed to be discharged into wellbore 400 and voluntarily activates.In this respect, the group Part does not need cable, and does not need the otherwise mechanical equipment for tying or being electrically connected to outside wellbore.Delivery method can To include gravity, pumping or traction conveying.

Autonomous perforating gun assembly generally includes perforating gun, deepness locater and onboard controller.Deepness locater can be Such as the casing collar locator (CCL) of magnetic flux is measured when component is fallen by wellbore.The exception of magnetic flux is read as casing and connects Bind round the length positioning along casing string.When component is moved down by wellbore, the component is by counting box cupling along casing string To understand its position in the wellbore.

Onboard controller is programmed to send actuating signal.When component arrived the selected location along wellbore, letter Number it is sent to perforating gun.In the case of figure 4b, which is above pressure break sleeve 440 and along the depth of region-of-interest Degree.In order to confirm position, controller can carry out pre-programmed with known casing or stratum well-logging.Controller will be by casing The reading that collar locator or other logging tools obtain in real time is compared with the well-logging of preloaded.

It also may include power supply from master component.Power supply can be for example one or more lithium batteries or battery pack.Power supply will It is located in shell together with onboard controller.Perforating gun, positioning device, onboard controller and battery pack together size determine at It is arranged as independent unit deployment in the wellbore.

Elongate body is limited from master component.The component is preferably made of frangible or " brittleness " material.In this respect, its quilt It is designed to the decomposition when being detonated with the associated ammunition of perforating gun.

Well completion assemblies are preferably equipped with specific purpose tool location algorithm.The algorithm allows tool going to underground selected location Way in be accurately tracked by casing coupling.No. 13/989,726 disclosure of U.S. Patent Application No. submitted on May 24th, 2013 A kind of method of actuated downhole tool in the wellbore.Entitled " the automatic control for autonomous downhole tool of the patent application Method (the Method for Automatic Control and Positioning of Autonomous of system and positioning Downhole Tools)".The patent application is disclosed as U.S. Patent bulletin the 2013/0255939th.

According to U.S. Patent bulletin the 2013/0255939th, operator will acquire CCL data set from wellbore first.This is excellent Selection of land is completed using traditional casing collar locator (CCL).Casing collar locator (CCL) enters wellbore on cable or electric wire to detect Along the magnetic anomaly of casing string.The depth of continuous recording magnetic signal and measurement is associated by CCL data set.More specifically Ground can determine the depth of casing coupling based on the length of the cable of traction CCL well logging apparatus and speed.In this manner, shape At the first CCL well-logging for wellbore.

In practice, the first CCL well-logging is downloaded in the processor as a part of onboard controller.It is onboard The depth signal that controller processing is generated by casing collar locator (CCL).On the one hand, onboard controller will come from position locator Generation signal and the predetermined physical characteristic value (signature) for wellbore object that is obtained from existing CCL well-logging into Row compares.

Onboard controller is programmed to when crossing casing coupling from mother-tool continuously record of magnetic signal.In this manner, Form the 2nd CCL well-logging.Processor or onboard controller statistically analyze by application moving window to convert and be recorded The magnetic signal of 2nd CCL well-logging.Remember in addition, processor logs well the 2nd transformed CCL during disposing downhole tool Record is incrementally compared to be associated with the value of instruction casing collar location with the first CCL well-logging.This preferably passes through mode Matching algorithm is completed.The group of each peak value for indicating casing collar location or even peak value is associated by the algorithm.This Outside, processor is programmed to the selected location in identification wellbore, and then when processor has identified selected location, will swash Signal living is sent to activatable borehole apparatus or tool.

In some cases, the accessible wellbore figure of operator provides the mark of the underground as such as casing coupling Remember the definite information of the spacing of object.Then, onboard controller can be programmed to count casing coupling, thus in tool The position of tool is determined when moving down in the wellbore.

In some cases, production casing can be pre-designed to have so-called short circuit head, that is, for example length is only 15 or 20 feet of selected connector, rather than by such as 30 feet of " standard " length for being used for well of operator's selection.At this In the case of, when well completion assemblies are mobile passes through casing, the unevenly spaced work provided by short circuit head is can be used in onboard controller For the means for checking or confirming the position in wellbore.

In one embodiment, this method further includes the CCL data set that transformation is used for the first CCL well-logging.This also leads to It crosses and statisticallys analyze using moving window to complete.First CCL well-logging is downloaded in processor surveys as the first transformation CCL Well record.In this embodiment, processor by second transformation CCL well-logging with first transformation CCL well-logging incrementally into Row is relatively the value for indicating casing collar location to be associated.

It should be appreciated that deepness locater can be any other logging tool.For example, onboard deepness locater can be Gamma ray logging tools, density log tool, neutron well logging tool or other stratum logging tool.In this case, it controls Real time readouts from logging tool are compared by device processed with the gamma ray of preloaded or neutron log.Alternatively, Deepness locater can be position sensor (such as the IR reading for the marker (such as IR transceiver) that sensing dispose along casing Device).When position sensor has identified one or more selection marquee objects along casing, onboard controller will activate signal It is sent to perforating gun.

In one embodiment, algorithm is interacted with onboard accelerometer.Accelerometer is measurement institute during free-falling The device of the acceleration of experience.Accelerometer may include multiaxis ability to detect size and side as the acceleration of vector To.When with analysis software communication, accelerometer allows to confirm the position of object.

The additional thin of tool location algorithm is disclosed in above-cited U.S. Patent bulletin the 2013/0255939th Section.The full content of the correlation co-pending application is incorporated herein by reference.

Premature activation in order to prevent provides a series of doors.U.S. Patent Application No. 14/005,166 describes one kind The perforating gun assembly discharged from well head.This application was submitted on September 13rd, 2013, and entitled " for autonomous downhole tool Security system (Safety System for Autonomous Downhole Tool) ".The patent application is special as the U.S. Sharp bulletin the 2013/0248174th is disclosed.Accordingly passing through discussion for Fig. 8 and door in the disclosure application is incorporated herein by reference.

After projecting perforation, operator starts formation breakdown operation.Fig. 4 E illustrates the shifting of 470 through hole 405 of slurry It is dynamic.Slurry is as indicated by the arrows in pumped downhole.When slurry 470 reaches perforation, slurry invades subsurface formations 410, in rock Form tunnel and small crack 478.

It can be observed that the flowing ports 458 for preventing slurry to be moved down into pressure break sleeve 440 by rupture disk 460. Importantly, rupture disk 460 is designed to have the explosion rated value for being higher than estimation stratum separating pressure.It is desirable that operator Or well completion engineer will be modeled based on geological machinery, the previous experiences of field data and/or same area predefine expection Stratum separating pressure.It selects that there is the rupture disk sufficiently higher than the explosion rated value of stratum separating pressure to avoid during pumping Cracking.

Finally, Fig. 4 F, which is shown, has occurred sand fallout situation.Sand or other proppant materials are tightly packed in 475 He of perforation In crack 478, it is even up to the degree that can no longer pump other slurry.When aqueous (or other) mounting medium leaks into ground The situation can occur when in layer, leave sand grains in situ.

Operator at earth's surface is recognized by observation earth's surface pump has occurred sand fallout situation.In this respect, pressure will be in well It is quickly established in eye, the pressure reading quickly to climb is generated at earth's surface.Under conditions of routine operation, operator needs to retract Pump speed prevents damage earth's surface to prevent explosion rated value of the borehole pressure more than casing and maximum hoop and tensile stress Valve.Then, operator may desire to make well flow back using bottom pressure, with attempt and push be loaded with the slurry of proppant from It drives a well and reaches earth's surface.In known program, if underspeed, after proppant will fall in casing and pass through well Portion generates the proppant bridge for having to be removed before operation can continue by machinery.On the other hand, if at earth's surface pressure Too fast reduction, then the high flow rate of proppant can cause the serious mill of valve and pipeline when it flows through significantly smaller pipeline Damage.

Shown in Fig. 4 series of attached drawing in novel method, the problem of sand fallout is that self is remedied.In this respect, de- During sand by pumping and by the slurry for being loaded with proppant hydrostatic head generate excess pressure by promote in rupture disk 460 every Film explosion.The incident occurs in Fig. 4 F.

The visible rupture disk 460 that passed through forms through-hole 465 in Fig. 4 F.Remaining slurry 470 is present in the wellbore It is mobile to pass through through-hole 465.In addition, slurry 470 is moving the flowing ports 455 by pressure break sleeve 440.In this manner, de- The problem of sand, is remedied.

In the method for Fig. 4 series of attached drawing, rupture disk 460 is used as valve.The wellbore pressure that response valve encounters during sand fallout Power and " opening ".When valve 460 is opened, it is removed for the barrier along the downward fluid flowing of wellbore, exposes flowing ports 455.This correspondingly alleviates excessive borehole pressure.

It should be noted that rupture disk 460 is actually the optional feature in the method for Fig. 4 series.It can be ruptured by removing Disk 460 and pressure break sleeve 440 is used only as open valve to modify this method.In this case, sleeve 440 in perforation and Its closed position is maintained at during fracturing operation, and the only opening when indicating that the higher borehole pressure of sand fallout occurs.As a result It opens in being flowing ports 455 Fig. 4 E the step of rather than is opened in the step of in figure 4b.

In another embodiment, using rupture disk without pressure break sleeve.Fig. 5 A and 5B show such method.

Firstly, Fig. 5 A shows the wellbore 500 for having undergone well.Wellbore 500 is completed with being horizontally oriented.Wellbore 500 Completion includes the casing string of the affixed production casing 520 in place in the subsurface formations 510 of surrounding.Optional cement is around set It is shown in the annular region 515 of pipe 520.

With this viewpoint, two region-of-interests of the wellbore 500 along the independent perforation instruction by 575' and 575 " are complete At.The lower part region-of-interest indicated by perforation 575' is by pressure break.A degree of crack is schematically shown at 578'.By " the top region-of-interest of instruction is also by pressure break for perforation 575.578, " place shows crack.

In fig. 5, rupture disk 560 has been pumped down in hole 505.Disk 560 has landed on apron block 562.Baffle Seat 562 is located above lower part region-of-interest and corresponding perforation 575'.In this manner, rupture disk 560 is located at lower part perforation 575' Group and top perforation 575 " group between.

Rupture disk 560 includes pressure diaphragm 564.Diaphragm 564 have be higher than top perforation 575 " expection formation breakdown pressure The burst pressure of power.Specifically, disk 560 is designed in top perforation 575 " pressure break during sand fallout in the case where rupture.Cause This, the explosion rated value for rupture disk 560 and its diaphragm 564 is designed to be similar to will be in wellbore in the case where sand fallout The pressure being subjected in 500.

Fig. 5 B illustrates the situation that sand fallout has occurred.It can be seen that slurry 570 has moved through top perforation 575, and edge It is moved downwardly against the group of lower part perforation 575' in hole 505.It is pressure accumulated as caused by sand fallout to have caused pressure diaphragm 564 broken It splits, forms new through-hole 565 in rupture disk 560.Slurry 570 will go successively to the group of lower part perforation 575', such as arrow S institute Show.Therefore, rupture disk 560 is essentially acted as relief valve.

In another embodiment, using the pressure break plug that can be cut in response to sand fallout situation.Fig. 5 C and 5D show this The method of sample.

Firstly, Fig. 5 C is shown and the same wellbore 500 that has equally undergone well in Fig. 5 A.Wellbore 500 is with level Orientation is completed.The completion of wellbore 500 includes the casing string of the affixed production casing 520 in place in the subsurface formations 510 of surrounding. Optional cement is shown in the annular region 515 around casing 520.

In figure 5 c, pressure break plug 580 is disposed along casing 520.Pressure break plug 580 can be for example with the valve with cage The Halliburton composite fracturing plug of ball and valve seat.Pressure break plug 580 includes that size is determined into the valve seat 584 for receiving valve ball 550. On the valve seat 584 that valve ball 550 has landed above lower part region-of-interest and corresponding perforation 575'.In this manner, valve ball 550 In the group and top perforation 575 of lower part perforation 575' " group between.

Pressure break plug 580 include be designed to respond in the Fluid pressure in hole 505 be greater than top perforation 575 " pressure break during Sand-out pressure and the shear pin 582 that discharges.This is than for top perforation 575 " the higher pressure of expection formation fracture pressure Power.Valve seat 584 is kept by shear pin, when being more than the pressure difference of design (most possibly by proppant to upper formation 575 " in Sand fallout and cause), the shear pin relief valve (valve ball 550 and valve seat 584).

Fig. 5 D illustrates the situation that sand fallout has occurred.It can be seen that slurry 570 has moved through top perforation 575 ", and edge It is moved downwardly against the group of lower part perforation 575' in hole 505.It is pressure accumulated as caused by sand fallout to have caused along pressure break plug 580 Pin 582 is sheared, and allows slurry 570 to go successively to the group of lower part perforation 575', as indicated by the arrows.Valve ball 550 and valve seat 584 are just It falls in wellbore 500.The valve ball of releasable pressure break plug 580 and valve seat type arrangement are essentially acted as relief valve as a result,.

In another embodiment, use two rupture disks without pressing between top region-of-interest and lower part region-of-interest Split sleeve.Fig. 6 A and 6B show such method.

Firstly, Fig. 6 A shows the wellbore 600 for having undergone well.Wellbore 600 is completed with being horizontally oriented.Wellbore 600 Completion includes the casing string of the affixed production casing 620 in place in the subsurface formations 610 of surrounding.Optional cement is around set It is shown in the annular region 615 of pipe 620.

In fig. 6, wellbore 600 is complete along two region-of-interests by the independent perforation instruction in 675' and 675 " At.The lower part region-of-interest indicated by perforation 675' is by pressure break.A degree of crack is schematically shown at 678'.By " the top region-of-interest of instruction is also by pressure break for perforation 675.678, " place shows crack.

In fig. 6, top rupture disk 660 " has been pumped down in hole 605.Disk 660 " has landed in upper guard-plate seat 662 " on.Upper guard-plate seat 662 " is located above lower part region-of-interest and corresponding perforation 675'.In this manner, rupture disk 660 " Positioned at the group 675 of top perforation " and between the group 675' of lower part perforation.

Top rupture disk 660 " including pressure diaphragm 664 ".Diaphragm 664 " has the expection formation breakdown higher than stratum 610 The burst pressure of pressure.Specifically, disk 660 " is designed to rupture in the case where the sand fallout during the perforation 675' pressure break of top.Therefore The explosion rating designs of rupture disk 660 " and its diaphragm 664 " are at being similar to be subjected in wellbore 600 in sand fallout Pressure.

Wellbore 600 further includes lower part rupture disk 660'.Previously by lower part rupture disk 660' in 660 " it of top rupture disk Before be pumped down into hole 605.Lower part rupture disk 660' size is determined at across upper guard-plate seat 662 " and land in lower part On apron block 662'.Under shield seat 662' is located at below lower part region-of-interest and corresponding perforation 675'.

Lower part rupture disk 660' further includes pressure diaphragm 664'.Diaphragm 664' have be higher than top rupture disk 660 " explosion The burst pressure of rated value.Specifically, disk 660' is designed to even if in top perforation 675 " pressure break during can bear it is pre- The sand fallout of phase.

Fig. 6 B shows the situation that sand fallout has occurred.It can be seen that slurry 670 has moved through top perforation 675 ", and edge It is moved downwardly against the group of lower part perforation 675' in hole 605.It is pressure accumulated as caused by sand fallout to have led to top rupture disk 660 " In pressure diaphragm 664' rupture, rupture disk 660 " in formed new through-hole 665 ".Lower part rupture disk 660' keeps complete, and And the group for forcing slurry 670 to enter lower part perforation 675', as indicated by the arrows.

It can be seen that the first rupture disk 660 " is essentially acted as relief valve again.

In another embodiment, using the pressure break plug with removable valve ball without pressure break sleeve.Fig. 7 A and 7B are shown Such method.

Firstly, Fig. 7 A shows another wellbore 700 of experience completions program.Wellbore 700 is completed with being horizontally oriented.Well The completion of eye 700 includes the casing string of the affixed production casing 720 in place in the subsurface formations 710 of surrounding.Optional cement It is shown in the annular region 715 around casing 720.

In the view of Fig. 7 A, wellbore 700 is again along two indicated by the independent perforation in 775' and 775 " Region-of-interest is completed.The lower part region-of-interest indicated by perforation 775' is by pressure break.Certain journey is schematically shown at 778' The crack of degree.By perforation 775, " the top region-of-interest of instruction is also by pressure break.778, " place shows crack.

In fig. 7, valve with ball seat 760 is disposed along subsurface formations 710.Valve 760 include with production casing 720 side by side The subsystem of threaded connection.There is valve 760 size to determine into the valve seat 762 for receiving valve ball 750.Visible valve ball 750 in fig. 7 It has fallen into hole 705 and has landed on valve seat 762, the pressure for preventing fluid from further flowing downward along hole 705 is consequently formed Power sealing.

Valve with ball seat 760 is located above lower part region-of-interest and corresponding perforation 775'.Meanwhile valve 760 is located at top concern Region and corresponding perforation 775 " lower section.

Valve ball 750 is uniquely manufactured by the material collapsed in response to pressure.Different from burst pressure, it, which has, collapses Fall into pressure.Collapse Pressure is the pressure that valve ball 750 will collapse or rupture or dissolve.In the arrangement of Fig. 7 A and 7B, the pressure is high In the expection formation fracture pressure of subsurface formations 710.Specifically, valve ball 750 is designed to during the perforation 775' pressure break of top It is collapsed in the case where sand fallout.Therefore, valve ball 750 collapse that rated value is designed to be similar to will be in wellbore in the case where sand fallout The pressure being subjected in 700.

In fig. 7, slurry 770 just pumps downwards along hole 705.This results in Cracks In Uppers 778 " group.However, Fig. 7 B Illustrate in these cracks 778 " level at sand fallout situation has occurred.It can be seen that slurry 770 has moved through top perforation 775 ", And the group along hole 705 downwardly against lower part perforation 775' moves.It is pressure accumulated as caused by sand fallout to have led to valve ball (750) it collapses, be crushed, decompose and/or dissolve, form new through-hole 765 in valve seat 762.Slurry 770 will go successively to lower part The group of perforation 775', as indicated by the arrows.Therefore, valve with ball seat 760 is essentially acted as relief valve.

Advantageously for the embodiment, it is just to limit to use that well completion engineer (or operator), which requires no knowledge about downstream pressure, To form the optimum pressure of leakage paths.Processing pressure acts only on the pressure inside valve ball 750, this causes it to collapse or break It is bad.This correspondingly allows fluid bypass to pass through the valve ball 750 collapsed.

Method of the invention can be presented in a flowchart.Fig. 8 gives the complete well side embodied in one embodiment The flow chart of the step of method 800.In conjunction with this method, the sand fallout situation along wellbore is remedied.

Method 800 includes forming wellbore first.This shows at square 810.Wellbore restriction extends in subsurface formations Hole.Wellbore can be shaped generally as vertical well；It is highly preferred that well is drilled as slant well, or be even more preferably drilled be Horizontal well.

Method 800 further includes at least descending part with production casing column liner wellbore.This is provided at square 820.It is raw Casing is produced to be made of a series of couplings of end-to-end threaded connection.

Method 800 further includes disposing valve along production casing.This is indicated at square 840.Fluid stream in needle device to hole It is dynamic to form removable barrier.Preferably, valve is the sliding sleeve with the valve seat for receiving valve ball, and wherein valve ball falls from earth's surface To form pressure seal on valve seat.Also other types of valve can be used, as described below.

Method 800 further includes carrying out perforation to production casing.This shows at square 850.Casing is along in subsurface formations The first region-of-interest perforating.First region-of-interest is located at valve or valve top.The process of perforation includes that will project object percussion Into casing, by the annular region (it can have or do not have cement sheath) of surrounding, and enter composition subsurface formations Surrounding rock matrix.This using perforating gun by being completed in the wellbore.

Next method 800 includes injecting slurry in wellbore.This is provided at square 860.Slurry includes preferably existing The proppant carried in water-bearing media.Slurry is injected with enough amounts and enough pressure, thus along region-of-interest on ground Crack is formed in lower stratum.

Method 800 further includes pumping slurry under the pressure for the barrier for being enough mobile valve and overcoming needle fluid flow.This It is visible at square 870.It is pumped in response to what is generated in slurry injection period along the sand fallout situation of the first region-of-interest It send.The subsurface formations that mobile valve will be exposed at valve or below valve along the port of production casing.

In the one side of this method, valve is sliding sleeve.In this case, mobile valve is with exposure along the end of production casing Mouth includes mobile or " sliding " sleeve to be exposed to the one or more ports constructed in sliding sleeve.Optionally, operator can To inject fluid (such as aqueous fluid) under stress by the port exposed before carrying out perforation to casing.This can be in neighbour Small crack is formed in subsurface formations below first region-of-interest of nearly sliding sleeve.In this case, operator is subsequent By rupture disk be placed on the top of sliding sleeve with during pressure break sealing hole from slurry influence.

In another embodiment, method 800 further includes disposing pressure break baffle along production casing.Pressure break baffle is located at fracturing valve Top, but be located at the first region-of-interest or below the first region-of-interest.Pressure break baffle can be close between initial break Valve is threadedly coupled to a part of the subsystem of production casing.Then rupture disk is pumped downwards before slurry along wellbore. Disk is pumped into the depth above just at valve, until disk lands on pressure break baffle.In this embodiment, rupture disk designs It is ruptured under pressure at the pressure needed for being greater than sand-out pressure but being lower than mobile valve.

In the arrangement of substitution, rupture disk itself is valve.In this arrangement, fracturing valve is not used；But second is ruptured Valve seat is placed in the lower section of lower part region-of-interest.The rupture disk as valve is top explosion plug as a result, and another rupture disk is Lower part explosion plug.

In another embodiment, valve is the first explosion plug.First explosion plug will have the first explosion rated value.Port Indicate the perforation being placed in production casing in the second region-of-interest below the first region-of-interest.In this embodiment, it moves Dynamic valve includes injecting slurry under the pressure more than the explosion rated value of the first explosion plug to expose port.Optionally, in the reality It applies in example, the method also includes quick-fried along production casing arrangement second at the second region-of-interest or below the second region-of-interest Plug and third explosion plug are split, forms domino effect in the case where multiple sand fallout.Second explosion plug and third explosion plug With the second explosion rated value for being equal to or more than the first explosion rated value.When explosion plug rupture, formed by explosion plug new Through-hole, wherein having removed the barrier of needle fluid flow.

It on the other hand, is valve with ball seat by mobile valve, and port is early stage below the first region-of-interest and below valve The second region-of-interest in be placed in perforation in production casing.In this case, mobile valve is included in to expose port and is promoted Valve ball, which loses, injects slurry under the pressure of its pressure seal on valve seat.Promoting valve ball to lose its pressure seal can be limited to Promote valve ball to crush, promote valve ball to dissolve or valve ball is promoted to collapse.

Method 800 further includes that further pumping slurry passes through the port exposed.This shows at square 880.With the party Formula, sand fallout situation are remedied.In other words, " sand fallout " slurry is disposed in " the proppant disposal area " of underground.

Preferably, method 800 further includes the steps that estimating the sand-out pressure along region-of-interest.This quilt at square 830 It provides.Preferably square 840 the step of in disposed along production casing and complete the determination step before valve.The reason is that making to operate Person, which knows, will use what kind of valve and valve are needed using what kind of pressure nominal value or the rated value that bursts.

In the preferred embodiment of method 800, the step of carrying out perforation to production casing that is related to of square 850 includes that incite somebody to action oneself Main perforating gun assembly is pumped into wellbore and independently fires perforating gun along the first region-of-interest.Autonomous perforating gun assembly includes penetrating Hole rifle, position for sensing component in wellbore deepness locater and onboard controller." autonomous percussion " indicates will control Device pre-programmed, thus when locator identified perforating gun along wellbore selected location when to perforating gun send actuating signal To promote one or more detonators to fire.On the one hand, deepness locater is casing collar locator (CCL), and onboard controller with Casing collar locator (CCL) interaction along the spacing of the casing coupling of wellbore with depth will be associated.Casing collar locator (CCL) is logical Magnetic anomaly of the detection along casing wall is crossed to identify box cupling.

On the other hand, onboard deepness locater is stratum logging tool benefit such as gamma ray logging tools, density log Tool or neutron well logging tool.In this case, controller surveys the stratum of real time readouts and preloaded from logging tool Well record is compared.Alternatively, deepness locater can be the marker (such as IR transceiver) that sensing is disposed along casing Position sensor (such as IR reader).When position sensor has identified one or more selection marquee objects along casing When, onboard controller is sent to perforating gun for signal is activated.

It can be observed that perforating gun, locator and onboard controller together size determine at be arranged as independent unit Deployment is in the wellbore.In this application, " independent unit " indicates that component is not directly controlled from earth's surface.In other words, tool assembly Activation tool is known when independent of the signal from earth's surface.Preferably, tool assembly is not having the case where working line Under be released in wellbore.Tool assembly drops in wellbore by gravity, or is pumped in underground.However, it is possible to optional It is fetched using non-electrical working line as such as slip from mother-tool on ground.

Preferably position sensor and onboard controller are operated according to above-mentioned location algorithm with software.Specifically, the calculation It is raw by casing collar locator (CCL) (or alternatively, stratum logging tool) to explain and convert that method preferably uses windowed statistical analysis At magnetic signal.On the one hand, onboard controller is by the signal of generation and for the predetermined physical characteristic value of wellbore object acquisition It is compared.For example, well logging can be run from before mother-tool in deployment to determine the spacing or stratum characteristic of casing coupling Position.The respective depth of casing coupling or stratum characteristic can be determined based on the speed for the cable for pulling well logging apparatus.

When autonomous perforating gun assembly is for when completing horizontal hole, operator can to install hydraulic actuated valve at shaft bottom. Hydraulic actuated valve can be preferably installed to the upstream of such as pressure break baffle tee apparatus.Additional valve seat or pressure break baffle rings etc. can To be mounted on the more upstream of hydraulic actuated valve from top to bottom with decreasing size.

The preparation of well for processing is started by pumping the first valve ball downwards.Valve ball is seated under hydraulic actuated valve On the minimum or most deep valve seat of side.Once seating is in place, casing is pressurized to the set point of " design ".For example, can pass through Pumping aqueous fluid reaches the surface pressure of 10,000psi.The pressure (acting on the valve ball to land on valve seat) leads to liquid Pneumatically actuated valve is opened, and one or more ports along casing are exposed.Once port exposure, static pressure and pumping pressure will Promote to form small opening in the subsurface formations of proximate valves.Fresh water continues to be pumped to generate " miniature " crack in the earth formation.This The crack of sample is shown as 458 in figure 4b.

It should be noted that it is special to form the rock mechanics that the process in " miniature " crack 458 provides evaluation of subterranean stratum for operator The real-time chance of property.Specifically, operator can determine the commonly required stress level of starting pressure break.This may be used as above-mentioned side A part of " estimation " step of block 830.Operator should be understood that sand-out pressure will can be significantly hotter than the initial stratum separation pressure Power.Then operator can choose the rupture disk 460 of suitable sealing device such as Fig. 4 C or Fig. 7 A collapses valve ball 750, To be used in well.

Sealing device is pumped downwards along wellbore until it is just seated in the valve seat above open hydraulic actuated valve In (or baffle rings) 462.In this case, sealing device is directed to the fluid formation barrier for flowing through the hole of well.Meanwhile and as above Described, sealing device forms " relief valve ", can be opened by the pressure of sand fallout situation and " fluid hammer ".

When sand fallout situation occurs, hydraulic actuated valve, which can be, voluntarily to be activated.Valve is opened to provide and be used in wellbore carry There is the path that the fluid of proppant is inswept from wellbore.Slurry flows through port to be broken processing speed, by miniature crack, and Into subsurface formations.Then new autonomous perforating gun assembly can be disposed in the wellbore, is pumped downwards, and be used subsequently to weight Perforation newly is carried out to problem area.Alternatively, new autonomous perforating gun assembly can pumped downhole to new region-of-interest with Just perforation is formed along new region.

Once new region perforating, well is ready for carrying out the frac treatment of next stage.This is another by pumping downwards Removable sealing device and being placed in the valve seat of hydraulic actuated valve upstream is realized.The placement of sealing device will force Fluid enters new perforation set.

It can be observed that wellbore can be designed to have more than one valve seat.Each valve seat is located at different perforation sets Top, or be located above open sleeve.Multiple sealing devices or plug can successively land on valve seat, wherein each All there is the pressure nominal value become larger.If desired, multiple plugs " can generate dominoes effect in failure conditions It answers ".This also will form a large amount of available slurry disposal areas, allow for autonomous perforating gun assembly to be pumped into wellbore so as to suitable Sequence region carries out perforation, without drawing or using Coiled tubing operations with cable.

, it can be seen that there is provided herein the improved methods for remedying sand fallout situation.Although it is evident that this paper institute The invention stated is designed to realize above-mentioned benefit and advantage well, but be should also be appreciated that and do not departed from spirit of the invention In the case of, the present invention is easy to modify, modifications and variations.

Claims (20)

1. the method for finishing well comprising:

Wellbore is formed, the wellbore includes extending to the hole in subsurface formations；

The wellbore described in production casing column liner at least descends part；

Valve is disposed along production casing, the needle flows the fluid in the hole to form removable barrier；

Perforation is carried out to the production casing along the first region-of-interest in subsurface formations, first region-of-interest is located at institute State at valve or the valve above, wherein to the production casing carry out perforation include:

Autonomous perforating gun assembly is pumped into the wellbore, the autonomous perforating gun includes:

Perforating gun；

Depth transducer, the depth transducer sense the perforation for the spacing based on the casing coupling along the wellbore Position of the rifle in the wellbore；And

Onboard controller, the onboard controller are configured to identify the perforating gun along the choosing of the wellbore when locator Actuating signal is sent to promote one or more detonators to fire to the perforating gun when positioning is set；And

The perforating gun is automatically fired along first region-of-interest；

Slurry is injected in the wellbore, the slurry includes fracturing propping agents；

In response to the sand fallout situation in injection period along first region-of-interest, it is being enough to move the valve and is overcoming needle The slurry is pumped under the pressure of the barrier of fluid flow, thus at the valve or will be along described below the valve The port of production casing is exposed to subsurface formations；And

It further pumps the slurry and passes through the port exposed thus to remedy sand fallout situation.

2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein completing the wellbore along subsurface formations to be horizontally oriented.

3. method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the valve is valve with ball seat or cage valve.

4. method according to claim 1 or 2, in which:

The valve is sliding sleeve；And

The mobile valve includes moving the sliding sleeve to be exposed to the cunning along the port of the production casing with exposure The one or more ports constructed in moving sleeve.

5. method according to claim 1 or 2, in which:

The valve is rupture disk；

The port is located near sliding sleeve below first region-of-interest；And

The method also includes:

Aqueous fluids are pumped downwards along the wellbore to move the sliding sleeve, are thus exposed along the production casing Port；

Before injecting the slurry, further the aqueous fluids is injected by the port exposed under stress, thus existed Crack is formed in the subsurface formations below first region-of-interest near the sliding sleeve for receiving the slurry；

Apron block is disposed along the production casing, the apron block is located above the sliding sleeve but is located at described first At region-of-interest or below first region-of-interest；

The rupture disk is pumped down into the depth close to the valve along the wellbore before the slurry；And

The rupture disk is landed on the apron block, the barrier of needle fluid flow is consequently formed；And

The mobile valve further includes the rupture disk that bursts, wherein the rupture disk is designed under the pressure for being greater than sand-out pressure Rupture.

6. method according to claim 1 or 2, in which:

The valve is the first explosion plug with the first explosion rated value；

The port is to be placed in penetrating in the production casing in the second region-of-interest below first region-of-interest Hole；And

The mobile valve includes injecting under the pressure of the first explosion rated value for being more than the first explosion plug to expose port The slurry.

7. according to the method described in claim 6, its further include:

It is filled at second region-of-interest or below second region-of-interest along the second explosion of production casing placement, The second explosion plug has the second explosion rated value.

8. according to the method described in claim 7, wherein the second explosion rated value is equal to or more than the first explosion volume Definite value.

9. method according to claim 1 or 2, in which:

The valve is valve with ball seat；

The port is to be placed in penetrating in the production casing in the second region-of-interest below first region-of-interest Hole；And

The mobile valve includes that institute is injected under the pressure for promoting valve ball to lose its pressure seal on valve seat to expose port State slurry.

10. according to the method described in claim 9, wherein promoting the valve ball to lose its pressure seal includes promoting the valve ball It is crushed, promotes the valve ball to dissolve or the valve ball is promoted to collapse.

11. method according to claim 1 or 2, further include:

Before disposing the valve along the production casing, the sand-out pressure along first region-of-interest is estimated.

12. method according to claim 1 or 2, further include:

The valve is milled away after having remedied sand fallout situation.

13. method according to claim 1 or 2, further include:

In response to the failure of valve, adjusts the size of valve and run with the valve of new adjustment size.

14. the method for finishing well comprising:

Wellbore is formed, the wellbore includes that the hole in subsurface formations is extended to by region-of-interest；

The wellbore described in production casing column liner at least descends part；

Valve is disposed along production casing, the needle flows the fluid in the hole to form removable barrier；

Slurry is injected in the wellbore, the slurry includes fracturing propping agents；

In response to the sand fallout situation in injection period along the region-of-interest, it is being enough to move the valve and is overcoming for stream The slurry is pumped under the pressure of the barrier of body flowing, it thus will be along the production at the valve or below the valve The port of casing is exposed to subsurface formations；And

It further pumps the slurry and passes through the port exposed thus to remedy sand fallout situation；

During remedying, autonomous perforating gun assembly is pumped into the wellbore, the autonomous perforating gun includes:

Perforating gun；

Position sensor, the position sensor is for position of the perforating gun in the wellbore during sensing pumping；With And

Onboard controller, the onboard controller are configured to send actuating signal to the perforating gun to promote one or more thunders Pipe percussion；And

When the position sensor has identified selected location of the perforating gun along the wellbore above the valve edge The production casing automatically fire the perforating gun, new perforation set is consequently formed.

15. according to the method for claim 14, in which:

The position sensor is casing collar locator (CCL)；And

When described sleeve pipe collar locator identifies the selected location of the perforating gun based on algorithm, the onboard controller Actuating signal is sent to the perforating gun, the algorithm will indicate reading and the pre-stored casing from the well for casing coupling Collar log record is compared.

16. according to the method for claim 14, in which:

The position sensor is stratum logging tool；And

When the position sensor identifies the selected location of the perforating gun based on algorithm, the onboard controller is to institute It states perforating gun and sends actuating signal, the algorithm will indicate reading and the pre-stored stratum well-logging from the well for stratum It is compared.

17. according to the method for claim 14, in which:

The position sensor senses the marker disposed along described sleeve pipe；And

When the position sensor has identified one or more selection marquee objects along described sleeve pipe, the onboard control Device sends actuating signal to the perforating gun.

18. method described in any one of 4-17 according to claim 1, in which:

The wellbore is completed along subsurface formations to be horizontally oriented；And

The new perforation set is positioned along the region-of-interest.

19. method described in any one of 4-17 according to claim 1, in which:

The valve is rupture disk；

The port is located near sliding sleeve below the region-of-interest；And

The method also includes:

Aqueous fluids are pumped downwards along the wellbore to move the sliding sleeve, are thus exposed along the production casing Port；

Before injecting the slurry, further the aqueous fluids is injected by the port exposed under stress, thus existed Crack is formed in the subsurface formations below the region-of-interest near the sliding sleeve for receiving the slurry；

Apron block is disposed along the production casing, the apron block is located above the sliding sleeve but is located at the concern At region or below the region-of-interest；

The rupture disk is pumped down into the depth close to the valve, the rupture disk along the wellbore before the slurry It is designed to rupture under the pressure for being greater than sand-out pressure；And

The rupture disk is landed on the apron block.

20. method described in any one of 4-17 according to claim 1, in which:

The valve is the first explosion plug with the first explosion rated value；

The port is the perforation in the region-of-interest positioned beneath in the production casing；And

The mobile valve includes injecting under the pressure of the first explosion rated value for being more than the first explosion plug to expose port Thus the slurry allows the slurry to fill in around first explosion and invades subsurface formations by the perforation；And

The method also includes being filled in below the perforation along the second explosion of production casing placement, the second explosion plug Second explosion rated value be equal to or more than it is described first explosion rated value.