CN107102060A - A kind of two-dimensional underwater sound Free field measurement method based on acoustic pressure compensation mechanism - Google Patents
A kind of two-dimensional underwater sound Free field measurement method based on acoustic pressure compensation mechanism Download PDFInfo
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- CN107102060A CN107102060A CN201710281708.2A CN201710281708A CN107102060A CN 107102060 A CN107102060 A CN 107102060A CN 201710281708 A CN201710281708 A CN 201710281708A CN 107102060 A CN107102060 A CN 107102060A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/04—Analysing solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of two-dimensional underwater sound Free field measurement method based on acoustic pressure compensation mechanism, installation test can be provided convenient, operating mode strong applicability, low and the high two-dimensional underwater sound of reliability the test environment of expense cost, construct the two-dimensional underwater sound Free field measurement model being made up of two pieces of waveguide plates and transducer, opposing parallel place of two pieces of waveguide plates constitutes two-dimensional waveguide cavity, test block is placed in waveguide cavity, compensating part is set respectively on the outer surface of two waveguide plates simultaneously, transducer launches sound wave, obtain in acoustic pressure cloud atlas of the vertical direction without graded, build the entity of test model, it is placed in pond, on two pieces of waveguide plate peripheries, one hydrophone is set, and place test block and compensating part；The sound wave of the transducer transmitting received based on hydrophone, is realized to measured piece two-dimensional underwater sound Free field measurement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sound wave control field, and in particular to a kind of two-dimensional underwater sound Free field measurement based on acoustic pressure compensation mechanism
Method.
Background technology
Two-dimentional acoustic waveguide citation form is the waveguide region that two pieces of opposing parallel thin plate gaps are constituted, because waveguide plate is to sound
Sound wave below the effect of contraction of field, cut-off frequency is only propagated along parallel to plate direction, is become in vertical panel direction acoustic pressure without gradient
Change.Therefore, sound field form very simple in Two Dimensional Acoustic waveguide, is a kind of preferable scheme of acoustical testing, available for acoustics ginseng
The experiments such as number measurement, sound wave control, meanwhile, compared to three-dimensional anechoic room test environment, with low, convenient test of site requirements etc.
Advantage.Therefore the present invention have studied a kind of two-dimensional underwater sound waveguide based on acoustic pressure compensation mechanism.
Extremely low (the 1.22kg/m of atmospheric density3), the impedance ratio of general solid relative atmospheric can reach 1000, can effectively about
Beam airborne, may be used as air-borne sound waveguide plate, and two-dimentional acoustic waveguide is easier to reality under conditions of propagation medium is air
It is existing；And density (the 1000kg/m of water3) big compared with air 1000 times, existing solid material can not realize that good constraint is made to the underwater sound
With two-dimentional acoustic waveguide is difficult under conditions of propagation medium is water, and urgent need will provide a kind of test environment of two-dimensional underwater sound.
At present, the two-dimensional underwater sound test that scholar proposes mainly uses approximation method, and this method is to use transducer array
Produce approximate two-dimensional acoustic field；Test block is being made long enough perpendicular to the direction of propagation；It is that face in test specimen is measured into result to work as
Into two-dimentional test result, while also needing to the test pools of transducer Synchronization Control and spaciousness, it can be seen that the method for testing solution
Two-dimensional underwater sound test environment certainly, not only cause test block processing cost is very high, testing and control is complicated, and limitation
Greatly, reliability is low.
The content of the invention
In view of this, can the invention provides a kind of two-dimensional underwater sound Free field measurement method based on acoustic pressure compensation mechanism
There is provided to install and test convenient, operating mode strong applicability, the test environment for the two-dimensional underwater sound that expense cost is low and reliability is high.
The specific implementation step for realizing this programme is：
The first step：Two-dimensional underwater sound Free field measurement model is built, the model is made up of two pieces of waveguide plates and transducer；Two pieces
Opposing parallel place of waveguide plate constitutes two-dimensional waveguide cavity；And the test model is placed in anechoic tank, and the water that will eliminate the noise
Each surface in pond is arranged to inhale ripple border；
Second step：Test block is placed in waveguide cavity, while setting compensation respectively on the outer surface of two waveguide plates
Part, the compensating part is identical with test block, and two compensating part central points are conllinear with the central point of test block；
3rd step：Transducer launches sound wave, obtains acoustic pressure cloud atlas when sound wave passes through wave-guide cavity wave；
4th step：Judge that the acoustic pressure cloud atlas whether there is graded in vertical direction, if in the presence of two pieces of waveguides of adjustment
The thickness or material properties of plate, until acoustic pressure cloud atlas in the vertical direction, without graded, into step 5, if being not present, enters
Enter step 5；
5th step：The entity that the 4th step determines test model is built, a hydrophone is set on two pieces of waveguide plate peripheries, and
Test block and compensating part are placed in the way of second step；
6th step：The sound wave of the transducer transmitting received based on hydrophone, is realized and measured piece two-dimensional underwater sound sound field is surveyed
Examination.
Further, transducer is piezoelectric underwater-acoustic transducer.
Further, the software for building two-dimensional underwater sound Free field measurement model is COMSOL Multiphysics.
Beneficial effect：
The present invention can effectively build two-dimensional acoustic field environment using the compensation method of thin plate combination acoustic pressure, for different test specimens two dimension
Underwater sound experiment test.Compared to existing two-dimensional underwater sound testing scheme, this method avoids test specimen yardstick is larger and large-scale noise elimination water
The shortcomings of pool environment is not enough, while having the advantages that to install, to test convenient, expense cost low and suitable for different test specimens, fills up
The blank of underwater sound two-dimensional waveguide and testing scheme.Not only so that the processing cost of test block is very low, testing and control simple, and
Limitation is small, reliability is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of two-dimensional underwater sound waveguide described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is instantaneous sound pressure analog result in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the two-dimentional test schematic diagram of cylinder scattering described in embodiment 2.
Fig. 4 is instantaneous sound pressure analog result in embodiment 2.
Cylinder scattering two-dimentional test schematic diagram when Fig. 5 is uncompensated scheme described in embodiment 3.
Fig. 6 be embodiment 3 in uncompensated scheme when instantaneous sound pressure analog result.
Embodiment
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A kind of two-dimensional underwater sound Free field measurement method based on acoustic pressure compensation mechanism, this method is:
The first step：Two-dimensional underwater sound Free field measurement model is built, the model is made up of two pieces of waveguide plates and transducer；Two pieces
Opposing parallel place of waveguide plate constitutes two-dimensional waveguide cavity；And the test model is placed in anechoic tank, and the water that will eliminate the noise
Each surface in pond is arranged to inhale ripple border；
Second step：Test block is placed in waveguide cavity, while setting compensation respectively on the outer surface of two waveguide plates
Part, the compensating part is identical with test block, and two compensating part central points are conllinear with the central point of test block；
Specific structure model process is as follows：Draw anechoic tank, two pieces of thin plates, two compensation respectively in simulation software
The geometrical model of part, transducer and test block A, wherein, transducer is the transducer that an axial dimension is less than wave length of sound, two
Compensating part is identical with test block A geometrical models, and drawn geometrical model is assembled, and specific installation step is as follows：
1.1 using two pieces of thin plates as waveguide plate, opposing parallel place of two pieces of thin plates is constituted into two-dimensional waveguide cavity, and by structure
Into two-dimensional waveguide cavity be completely disposed in drawn anechoic tank,；
1.2 are placed in test block A the central area of two-dimensional waveguide cavity；
1.3 are placed on transducer the position on the outside of two-dimensional waveguide cavity, the mid-plane of transducer and wave-guide cavity wave
Mid-plane is overlapped；
1.4 are respectively placed in two compensating parts on the outer surface of two pieces of waveguide plates, and the central point of two compensating parts with
Test block A central point is conllinear；When transducer launches sound wave, due to there is test block A placement, therefore two-dimensional waveguide can be caused
Two pieces of thin plates inside and outside acoustic pressure differ, two with test block A identical compensating parts be positioned to offset waveguide inside and outside sound
Pressure difference, and to remain in that quasi- two-dimensional acoustic field environment in waveguide cavity.
1.5 assign each solid material properties in all geometrical models successively；
1.6 apply the acceleration in exterior normal direction on the face of cylinder of transducer, for simulating shaking for the transducer face of cylinder
It is dynamic, and regarded as sound source excitation, to external radiation cylindrical wave；
1.7 set boundary condition, and each surface of anechoic tank, is all provided with to be set to suction ripple border, the i.e. such table of sound wave incident
It is completely absorbed, not reflects during face；
1.8 determine trellis-type, divide each geometrical model grid；
3rd step：Transducer launches sound wave, obtains acoustic pressure cloud atlas when sound wave passes through wave-guide cavity wave；
4th step：Judge that the acoustic pressure cloud atlas whether there is graded in vertical direction, if in the presence of two pieces of waveguides of adjustment
The thickness or material properties of plate, until acoustic pressure cloud atlas in the vertical direction, without graded, into step 5, if being not present, enters
Enter step 5；
The process of implementing is：
1.9 solve calculating, that is, simulate transducer transmitting sound wave, just can obtain sound wave by the cavity between two pieces of waveguide plates
When acoustic pressure cloud atlas, if acoustic pressure in horizontal direction without graded, then it is assumed that the waveguide environmental of construction is two-dimentional water
Acoustic waveguide environment, performs the 5th step；Otherwise, the thickness or material properties of two pieces of waveguide plates are adjusted, until acoustic pressure is perpendicular to water
Square upwards without after graded perform the 5th step；
5th step：The entity that the 4th step determines test model is built, a hydrophone is set on two pieces of waveguide plate peripheries, and
Test block and compensating part are placed in the way of second step；And hydrophone can be moved in the horizontal plane, so as to receive the sound of each point
Ripple；
6th step：The sound wave of the transducer transmitting received based on hydrophone, is realized and measured piece two-dimensional underwater sound sound field is surveyed
Examination.
The process of implementing is：Determine that two pieces of thin plates, two compensating parts, transducer and test block A's is several according to the first step
What model and identical entity is configured with its material properties, and two-dimensional underwater sound waveguide is built according to 1.1 to 1.4 in the first step；
Wherein, transducer is that piezoelectric underwater-acoustic transducer may be selected.
Simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics may be selected to emulate the two-dimensional underwater sound waveguide built.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, thin aluminum sheet two pieces big constitutes wave-guide cavity wave, there is a piezoelectric underwater-acoustic transducing away from thin plate appropriate location
Device, the small figure in the lower right corner is side view；When Fig. 2 is that transient state cylindrical wave is incident, the simulation of COMSOLMultiphysics softwares is obtained
Acoustic pressure is distributed, wherein, horizontal section is located at the center between two plates along the z-axis direction in Fig. 2, while three vertical planes edge respectively
X-axis is located at waveguide core and at both sides of the edge.From Fig. 2 and partial enlarged drawing, cylindrical wave, and sound are observed with being apparent from
Acoustic pressure does not change pressure substantially in the z-direction.So sound field is regarded as two-dimensional acoustic field environment in this waveguide cavity.
Embodiment 2
For checking acoustic pressure compensation mechanism, it is considered to the acoustic pressure test of air cylinder scattering object.As shown in figure 3, test block A is placed in
Waveguide core position, waveguide plate on the outside of identical placement two identical compensating parts poor for the scattered thin plate pressure at both sides of compensation.By surveying
Examination, the analog result of the acoustic pressure distribution of acquisition, as shown in figure 4, due to air cylinder and test block A scattering process, forward direction area
Substantially pressing in a low voice occurs in domain, occurs obvious reflection echo backward, consistent with air scattering feature under two-dimensional case.Meanwhile, acoustic pressure
Acoustic pressure does not change substantially in the z-direction, indicates the two-dimensional acoustic field characteristic of this waveguide.
Embodiment 3
Difference during acoustic pressure compensation is whether there is for contrast, the scattering object outside waveguide plate is eliminated on the basis of embodiment 2, i.e.,
Acoustic pressure compensation mechanism is not introduced, as shown in Figure 5.Analog result is as shown in fig. 6, sound field two dimensional character is substantially done in waveguide
Disturb, the regional area especially near scattering object, acoustic pressure occurs in that obvious gradient in z directions.Above-mentioned simulated example, which is demonstrate,proved, to be shown,
Sheet waveguide and acoustic pressure compensation mechanism, it is ensured that the two dimensional character of sound field in waveguide, it was confirmed that designed two-dimensional underwater sound waveguide
And the validity of experiment test scheme.
In summary, presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is these are only, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., should be included in the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of two-dimensional underwater sound Free field measurement method based on acoustic pressure compensation mechanism, it is characterised in that this method is:
The first step：Two-dimensional underwater sound Free field measurement model is built, the model is made up of two pieces of waveguide plates and transducer；Two pieces of waveguides
Opposing parallel place of plate constitutes two-dimensional waveguide cavity；And the test model is placed in anechoic tank, and by anechoic tank,
Each surface is arranged to inhale ripple border；
Second step：Test block is placed in waveguide cavity, while compensating part is set respectively on the outer surface of two waveguide plates, institute
State that compensating part is identical with test block, two compensating part central points are conllinear with the central point of test block；
3rd step：Transducer launches sound wave, obtains acoustic pressure cloud atlas when sound wave passes through wave-guide cavity wave；
4th step：Judge that the acoustic pressure cloud atlas whether there is graded in vertical direction, if in the presence of two pieces of waveguide plates of adjustment
Thickness or material properties, until acoustic pressure cloud atlas in the vertical direction is without graded, into step 5, if being not present, into step
Rapid five；
5th step：The entity that the 4th step determines test model is built, in two pieces of one hydrophones of waveguide plate peripheries setting, and according to
The mode of second step places test block and compensating part；
6th step：The sound wave of the transducer transmitting received based on hydrophone, is realized to measured piece two-dimensional underwater sound Free field measurement.
2. a kind of two-dimensional underwater sound waveguide based on acoustic pressure compensation mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that transducer is pressure
Electric underwater acoustic transducer.
3. a kind of two-dimensional underwater sound waveguide based on acoustic pressure compensation mechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that build two-dimentional water
The software of several test models is COMSOL Multiphysics.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103017884A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-04-03 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Cavity body calibrating hydrophone array elements in the air |
| CN104501938A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-04-08 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Method for measuring underwater sound source low frequency radiation sound power in rectangular reverberation water tank arranged in air |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103017884A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-04-03 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七一五研究所 | Cavity body calibrating hydrophone array elements in the air |
| CN104501938A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-04-08 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Method for measuring underwater sound source low frequency radiation sound power in rectangular reverberation water tank arranged in air |
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