CN107101821B - Hanger fatigue testing machine - Google Patents
Hanger fatigue testing machine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107101821B CN107101821B CN201710511861.XA CN201710511861A CN107101821B CN 107101821 B CN107101821 B CN 107101821B CN 201710511861 A CN201710511861 A CN 201710511861A CN 107101821 B CN107101821 B CN 107101821B
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- force
- hanger
- spring
- buffer spring
- buffer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The hanger fatigue testing machine comprises an upper support piece, a lower support piece, a force application part, a force buffering part and a sensor, wherein the force application part is arranged on the lower support piece, the force buffering part is arranged on the upper support piece, the sensor is fixedly arranged on the tension buffering part, a hanger sample is placed between the force application part and the force buffering part, the bottom end of the hanger sample is in contact connection with the top of the force application part, and the top end of the hanger sample is fixedly connected with the bottom of the force buffering part. The high-speed electric cylinder is adopted to load and unload the dropper samples from bottom to top, and the speed and displacement of each stage of loading and unloading can be controlled by a pre-programmed computer program. The compression is completed in half sine wave, and inertial force is buffered by the dropper sample in the descending process. The hanger sample clamps and simulates the stress state of the hanger in the carrier cable, the carrier cable is replaced by a spring, the buffer spring is positioned at the lower end of the vertical position, the upper end of the buffer spring is fixed and floats, and the buffer spring buffers the inertia force acting on the hanger sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hanger fatigue testing equipment, in particular to a hanger fatigue testing machine.
Background
The catenary hanger fatigue test is used for simulating the service life of the hanger between the carrier rope and the contact line in a frequently-supported and released state of the pantograph. The overhead contact system is a high-voltage power transmission line which is erected along the upper part of a steel rail in a zigzag manner and is used for current collection of a pantograph in an electrified railway. The overhead contact system is a main framework of railway electrification engineering, and is a special type power transmission line which is erected along the overhead of a railway line and supplies power to an electric locomotive. The device consists of a contact suspension, a supporting device, a positioning device, a support and a foundation. The contact net mainly comprises the following contents: base members such as cement columns, steel columns, and foundations supporting these structures; the foundation installation structure part mainly has the functions of connecting the contact net wires with the basic component contact net wires, and transmitting current to the electric locomotive; other auxiliary components, including return lines, additional suspension, etc. The carrier cable is a matched product of the suspension contact wire of the electrified railway, and the contact wire is suspended by a hanger. The carrier cable can also bear a certain current to reduce the impedance of the traction network and reduce the voltage loss and the energy consumption. An electric traction locomotive obtains electric energy from a contact net, and an electric device is arranged on the locomotive or the motor train roof; the pantograph can be divided into a single-arm pantograph and a double-arm pantograph, and comprises a sliding plate, an upper frame, a lower arm rod, a bottom frame, a pantograph lifting spring, a transmission cylinder, a supporting insulator and the like. The smoothness of the load current passing through the contact line and the contact surface of the pantograph slide plate is related to the contact pressure, transition resistance and contact area between the slide plate and the contact line, and depends on the interaction between the pantograph and the contact line. In order to ensure that the test result accords with the actual condition, the clamping, loading and unloading of the hanger wire should truly reflect the working state of the hanger wire.
The hanger is subject to fatigue failure in the actual use process, so the hanger is required to be subjected to a fatigue test according to European standard EN50119, and the test consists of a variable load and a compression period
The dropper should be tested with its specific wire clamp
Test according to the minimum requirement of normal use
The compression amplitude is specified to be between 20mm and 200mm, and the internal force of the dropper is 100N to 400N
The frequency should be 0.5 Hz-10 Hz, and the minimum test should be carried out for 2000000 times
The dropper must not break before a specified number of times
In the prior art, the compression cycle is usually carried under the hanger wire by a weight with a specified weight, and the hanger wire is applied with a load in the form of free falling, so that the impact on the hanger wire is caused, and often the damage of the hanger wire is caused by the impact force of the weight instead of the weight with the specified weight, which is inconsistent with the actual use state of the hanger wire. The purpose of the technical scheme is to eliminate the impact force of the weight, so that the stress state of the hanger wire in the fatigue test is consistent with the working state, and the test result reflects the real fatigue life of the hanger wire.
The problem to be solved by this application is:
1. how the hanger achieves a high-frequency fatigue test at an amplitude of 200 mm;
2. how the dropper buffers the inertial forces acting on the dropper when it descends to the lower limit, subjecting the dropper to a constant force (contact line gravity).
The problem of the dropper compression mode and the stable stressing of the dropper is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a hanger fatigue testing machine.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the hanger fatigue testing machine comprises an upper supporting piece, a lower supporting piece, a force application part, a force buffering part and a sensor, wherein the force application part is fixedly arranged on the lower supporting piece, the force buffering part is fixedly arranged on the upper supporting piece, the sensor is fixedly arranged on the tension buffering part, the force application part and the force buffering part are coaxial, a hanger sample is placed between the force application part and the force buffering part, the bottom end of the hanger sample is in contact connection with the top of the force application part, and the top end of the hanger sample is fixedly connected with the bottom of the force buffering part.
Further, the force application part comprises an electric cylinder, a tray and weights, the electric cylinder comprises a servo motor, a screw rod and a screw nut, the tray is fixedly arranged on the screw nut, the weights are placed on the tray, and the bottoms of the hanger samples are in contact connection with the weights.
Further, a buffer pad is arranged on the tray, and weights are placed on the buffer pad.
Further, the force application part comprises an electric cylinder, the electric cylinder comprises a servo motor, a screw rod and a screw nut, and the bottom of the dropper sample is in contact connection with the screw nut.
Further, the servo motor is fixed on the lower supporting piece through a motor seat, a guide rod in the vertical direction is arranged on the motor seat, and the guide rod is matched with a guide cross beam above the guide rod for guiding.
Further, the force buffer part comprises a spring seat, a pull rod and a buffer spring, wherein the top of the spring seat is fixed on the upper supporting piece, the spring seat is provided with a vertical spring mounting hole with a downward opening, the buffer spring is mounted in the spring mounting hole, the pull rod penetrates through the buffer spring, the top of the pull rod is fixed at the top of the spring mounting hole, the bottom of the pull rod downwards extends out of the spring mounting hole and downwards extends, a sensor is fixed at the bottom of the pull rod and is a force sensor, and the force sensor is fixedly connected with the top of a dropper sample.
Further, the buffer spring comprises one buffer spring.
Further, the buffer springs comprise a first buffer spring and a second buffer spring, the length of the first buffer spring is larger than that of the second buffer spring, and the rigidity of the first buffer spring is smaller than that of the second buffer spring.
Further, the force applied to the hanger specimen when the hanger specimen reaches the lower limit position is equal to the test force.
Further, the upper supporting piece comprises an upper cross beam and a hanging ring, and the hanging ring is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the upper cross beam; the lower support piece comprises a base, and the motor base is fixed on a working table surface of the base.
In summary, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the scheme adopts a high-speed electric cylinder to load and unload the dropper samples from bottom to top, and the speed and displacement of each stage of loading and unloading can be controlled by a pre-programmed computer program. The compression is completed in half sine wave, and inertial force is buffered by the dropper sample in the descending process.
The hanger sample clamps and simulates the stress state of the hanger in the carrier cable, the carrier cable is replaced by the spring, the spring is positioned at the vertical position, the lower end is fixed, the upper end floats, and the spring can buffer the inertia force acting on the hanger sample.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 1.
In the figure:
1. the lifting ring, the upper cross beam, the spring seat, the first buffer spring, the second buffer spring, the pull rod, the sensor, the weight, the buffer cushion, the tray, the guide cross beam, the guide rod, the screw rod, the table top, the base, the lifting chord sample and the spring mounting hole.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention is merely illustrative of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention includes an upper support, a lower support, a force applying member, a force buffering member, and a sensor. The upper supporting piece comprises an upper cross beam 2 and a lifting ring 1, wherein the lifting ring 1 is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the upper cross beam 2, and when in use, the lifting ring can be suspended and fixed. The lower support comprises a base 15, and the force applying member is fixed to the table top 14 of the base 15. Four upright posts are used for fastening the upper cross beam 2 and the working table 14 together to form a rigid frame, and the base 15 is formed by welding thick steel plates for preventing vibration.
The force buffer part is fixedly arranged on the upper support, and the sensor 7 is fixedly arranged on the tension buffer part. The force applying member and the force buffering member are coaxial.
Specifically, the force buffer member includes a spring seat 3, a tie rod 6, and a buffer spring. The spring seat 3 is a rectangular or cylindrical seat body, and the top of the spring seat 3 is fixed on the bottom surface of the upper beam 2 through bolts. The spring holder is equipped with the vertical spring mounting hole 17 of opening decurrent, and buffer spring installs in spring mounting hole 17, and buffer spring's bottom is fixed in the spring mounting hole, and the top is the free end. The pull rod 6 passes through the buffer spring, the top of the pull rod is fixed at the top of the spring mounting hole, the bottom of the pull rod downwards extends out of the spring mounting hole and downwards extends, a sensor is fixed at the bottom of the pull rod 6, the sensor is a force sensor, and the force sensor is fixedly connected with the top of the dropper sample 16. The force sensor is used to measure the force actually acting on the dropper test specimen 16.
In actual use, one buffer spring can be arranged, and two or more buffer springs can also be arranged. Such as two buffer springs, as shown in fig. 2, the buffer springs include a first buffer spring 4 and a second buffer spring 5, and the first buffer spring 4 has a length greater than that of the second buffer spring 5. The stiffness of the first cushion spring is less than the stiffness of the second cushion spring. Thus, when the first buffer spring is compressed to the second buffer spring position and then is compressed continuously, the second buffer spring is compressed together with the first buffer spring, and the buffer force is increased. That is, the dropper sample moves faster at the beginning of the buffer phase, the buffer pressure increases in the second half of the buffer phase, and the dropper sample 16 moves slower. The first buffer spring has the function of preventing the dropper sample from falling too slowly, meeting the frequency requirement of the test, and the second buffer spring has the main buffer function in the buffer process. The first buffer spring mainly adjusts the falling speed of the hanger, the spring stiffness is too small, the buffer capability is insufficient, and impact force is caused; the spring rate is too high and the weight falling speed is too slow to keep up with the falling speed of the tray. The second buffer spring and the buffer pad mainly play a role in buffering when the dropper approaches to the lower limit position.
The spring preload needs to be adjusted in the actual use process of the testing machine, so that the preload of the buffer spring can be conveniently and rapidly adjusted, the testing requirement can be met, and the testing machine is mainly realized by replacing the buffer springs with different rigidities, lengths, structures and materials.
As shown in fig. 3, specifically, the force applying member includes an electric cylinder, a tray 10, and a weight 8. The electric jar includes servo motor, lead screw 13 and screw, be fixed with tray 10 on the screw, weight 8 is placed on tray 10 for prevent that the weight from going up and down in-process swing, the bottom and the weight contact of dropper sample are connected. The tray is provided with a buffer pad 9, and the weights are placed on the buffer pad 9 and used for buffering the impact of inertia force of the weights on the dropper sample. During the concrete test, the rigidity of the buffer spring is adjusted, so that when the dropper sample descends to the lower limit position, the weights and the tray just leave, the weights are all acted on the dropper sample, and the inertia force of the weights is buffered by the buffer spring. The upper surface of the hanger sample is hung by a spring, the weight is hung at the lower end of the hanger sample, the weight at the lower end of the hanger sample is contacted and connected with a tray at the top of the force application part (a buffer pad is arranged between the weight and the tray), and the hanger sample freely falls under the action of the weight gravity.
In another embodiment, the force applying component comprises an electric cylinder, the electric cylinder comprises a servo motor, a screw rod and a nut, and the bottom of the dropper sample is in contact connection with the nut. The lower end of the hanger sample is directly connected with the screw nut of the ball screw on the electric cylinder without hanging a weight, the hanger sample is pushed to move up and down, the rigidity of the buffer spring is adjusted according to the reading of the sensor during the test, and the force acting on the hanger sample when the hanger sample reaches the lower limit position is ensured to be equal to the test force. The weight is not used, the upper surface of the hanger sample is hung by a spring, the lower end of the hanger is fixedly connected with the top of the force application component, the hanger moves up and down under the dragging of the force application component, and the force applied when the hanger sample reaches the lower limit position is set by the spring force.
The hanger sample is placed between the force application part and the force buffering part, the bottom end of the hanger sample is in contact connection with the top of the force application part, and the top end of the hanger sample is fixedly connected with the bottom of the force buffering part.
The servo motor is fixed on the lower support piece through a motor seat, a guide rod 12 in the vertical direction is arranged on the motor seat, and the guide rod 12 is matched with a guide cross beam 11 above the guide rod 12 for guiding.
In addition, the electric cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder, the crank sliding block mechanism and other structures realizing up-and-down reciprocating motion can load and unload the dropper sample. Therefore, the specific structure of the force applying member may also be the above structure.
The above examples are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the present invention should be extended to the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The hanger fatigue testing machine is characterized by comprising an upper support piece, a lower support piece, a force application part, a force buffering part and a sensor, wherein the force application part is fixedly arranged on the lower support piece;
the force buffer component comprises a spring seat, a pull rod and a buffer spring, wherein the top of the spring seat is fixed on the upper supporting piece, the spring seat is provided with a vertical spring mounting hole with a downward opening, the buffer spring is mounted in the spring mounting hole, the pull rod penetrates through the buffer spring, the top of the pull rod is fixed at the top of the spring mounting hole, the bottom of the pull rod downwards extends out of the spring mounting hole and downwards extends, a sensor is fixed at the bottom of the pull rod, the sensor is a force sensor, and the force sensor is fixedly connected with the top of a dropper sample;
the force application component comprises an electric cylinder, a tray and weights, wherein the electric cylinder comprises a servo motor, a screw rod and a screw nut, the tray is fixedly arranged on the screw nut, the weights are placed on the tray, and the bottoms of the hanger samples are in contact connection with the weights; the tray is provided with a buffer pad, and weights are placed on the buffer pad;
or the force application component comprises an electric cylinder, the electric cylinder comprises a servo motor, a screw rod and a screw nut, and the bottom of the dropper sample is in contact connection with the screw nut.
2. The dropper fatigue testing machine according to claim 1, wherein the servo motor is fixed on the lower support member through a motor base, a guide rod in the vertical direction is arranged on the motor base, and the guide rod is matched and guided with a guide cross beam above the guide rod.
3. The boom fatigue testing machine of claim 1, wherein the buffer spring comprises one.
4. The boom-string fatigue testing machine of claim 1, wherein the buffer springs comprise a first buffer spring and a second buffer spring, the first buffer spring having a length greater than the second buffer spring, the first buffer spring having a stiffness less than the second buffer spring.
5. The dropper fatigue testing machine according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the force applied to the dropper sample when the dropper sample reaches the lower limit position is equal to the test force.
6. The dropper fatigue testing machine according to claim 1, wherein the upper support member comprises an upper cross beam and a lifting ring, and the lifting ring is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the upper cross beam; the lower support piece comprises a base, and the motor base is fixed on a working table surface of the base.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710511861.XA CN107101821B (en) | 2017-06-29 | 2017-06-29 | Hanger fatigue testing machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710511861.XA CN107101821B (en) | 2017-06-29 | 2017-06-29 | Hanger fatigue testing machine |
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| CN107101821A CN107101821A (en) | 2017-08-29 |
| CN107101821B true CN107101821B (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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| CN201710511861.XA Active CN107101821B (en) | 2017-06-29 | 2017-06-29 | Hanger fatigue testing machine |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107727521B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2024-04-12 | 西南交通大学 | Fatigue test method and device for catenary hanger |
| CN108279168B (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2024-04-23 | 上海交通大学 | Tensile force buffer oil cylinder model test simulation device |
| CN108279104B (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2023-05-02 | 任兴堂 | Vibration fatigue testing machine for integral hanger |
| CN108489720B (en) * | 2018-03-16 | 2021-12-14 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Method for stably loading force load under high-frequency condition of catenary dropper fatigue test |
| CN108414204B (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2023-10-24 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | High-frequency fatigue test device for overhead line system hanger with independent control of displacement and force load |
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| CN109141857B (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2023-09-01 | 西南交通大学 | Contact net hanger impact fatigue test tool and test method thereof |
| CN109596330A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-04-09 | 武汉大学 | A kind of multichannel high iron catenary dropper fatigue experimental device |
| CN109556961A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-04-02 | 武汉大学 | A kind of binary channels dropper fatigue tester |
| CN111623965B (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2021-01-01 | 西南交通大学 | Contact net dropper fatigue test device and method |
| CN113049235B (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2022-07-19 | 上海交通大学 | Tensile force buffer system model test analogue means |
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