CN107100744A - A kind of aero-engine fuel metering system improvement strategy and its controller design method - Google Patents
A kind of aero-engine fuel metering system improvement strategy and its controller design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107100744A CN107100744A CN201710397511.5A CN201710397511A CN107100744A CN 107100744 A CN107100744 A CN 107100744A CN 201710397511 A CN201710397511 A CN 201710397511A CN 107100744 A CN107100744 A CN 107100744A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
- F02C9/26—Control of fuel supply
- F02C9/38—Control of fuel supply characterised by throttling and returning of fuel to sump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05D2270/301—Pressure
- F05D2270/3015—Pressure differential pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/70—Type of control algorithm
- F05D2270/706—Type of control algorithm proportional-integral-differential
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of aero-engine fuel metering system improvement strategy and its controller design method, pressure difference is new control variable mode before and after by adjusting differential pressure controller modular construction, increase metering valve, the poor flow measurement device of traditional level pressure is improved to new change pressure difference fuel-metering device, expectation fuel flow is realized by the front and rear pressure difference of metering valve and the dual variation method of circulation area;According to becoming pressure difference fuel metering system increase maximum stream flow scope and putting forward high-precision demand, the pressure difference of metering valve is proposed using there is a grade control model, circulation area uses a kind of dual variation method rule of stepless control model.Under aero-engine big flow demand, by suitably increasing pressure difference, bigger fuel flow can be obtained under conditions of current maximum flow area, expands fuel flow metering scope;Under low discharge demand, under conditions of the structure of metering valve type hole is fixed, flow gain is reduced by reducing pressure difference, the measuring accuracy of system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention provides a kind of aero-engine fuel metering system improvement strategy and its controller design method, belong to
Aviation aerospace hydraulic-mechanic system is designed and emulation field.
Background technology
The major function of aero-engine fuel metering system is the mission requirements according to engine different working condition, is given
Combustion chamber provides the pressurized fuel of different flow, to ensure that engine can stably, reliably be run under each state.At present,
Domestic air mail engine fuel metering system is generally the poor fuel metering structure of level pressure, using the group of differential pressure controller and metering valve
Conjunction mode, ensures that the fuel pressure difference before and after metering valve is constant, and then make the fuel delivery of engine only by differential pressure controller
Depending on the aperture of metering valve.With the extension of aero-engine flight envelope, the lifting of performance, engine is to fuel flow
Scope, the requirement of fuel oil control accuracy and rapidity increasingly improve, in the side such as weight and Control platform of fuel control system
Face is also proposed more stringent requirement.Especially, it is very big to big fuel flow and small fuel flow demand difference in engine
In the case of, the poor fuel control system of conventional level pressure is difficult to meet response speed requirement and low discharge need under big flow demand
Control accuracy requirement under asking.To solve this problem, this patent proposes that a kind of aero-engine becomes pressure difference fuel metering system and set
Count thinking and corresponding dual variation method device design method.
The content of the invention
In order that aero-engine fuel metering system realizes higher precision in bigger range of flow to fuel flow
Regulation, the present invention proposes a kind of poor fuel metering system of level pressure that improves to become the method for pressure difference fuel metering system, and provides
Corresponding dual variation method device layout strategy.
A kind of aero-engine fuel metering system improvement strategy and its controller design method, step are as follows:
Step 1. design becomes pressure difference fuel-metering device
Based on the poor fuel metering system of traditional level pressure, differential pressure controller component is adjusted, that is, removes differential pressure valve and only protects
Oil return valve is stayed, and adds the position control passage of an oil return valve, metering valve is controlled by the aperture of oil return valve
The recirculating oil quantity of preceding fuel oil, so that changing pressure difference before and after metering valve reaches change pressure difference purpose, realizes the poor fuel oil meter of traditional level pressure
Amount device is improved to new change pressure difference fuel-metering device, and the fuel flow for then flowing through metering valve is pressed before and after metering valve
Poor Δ P and circulation area AlTogether decide on;
Step 2. designs new change pressure difference fuel-metering device control system
On the basis of traditional constant pressure difference control pattern, increase metering valve before and after pressure difference as a new control variable,
Design one kind pressure differential deltap P and circulation area A before and after metering valvelThe new change pressure difference fuel metering system of dual variation method,
Metering valve current position signal is fed back to electronic controller by the displacement transducer being connected with metering valve, realizes metering valve
Closed-loop control (the reflection fuel flow communication area A of positionl), the pressure sensor of oil circuit will be counted currently before and after metering valve
Fuel pressure signal before and after amount valve feeds back to electronic controller, realizes closed-loop control (the reflection metering of oil return valve position
Pressure differential deltap P before and after valve), double changes that the new change pressure difference fuel metering system passes through pressure difference before and after metering valve and circulation area
Amount controls to realize the metering of fuel flow;
Step 3. designs the dual variation method rule of new change pressure difference fuel metering system
Maximum stream flow scope is increased according to new change pressure difference fuel metering system and the demand of low discharge precision is improved, it is double
Pressure differential deltap P, which is used, in Variable Control, before and after metering valve a grade control law, i.e. " low discharge-small pressure difference ", " big flow-big pressure
The principle of grading of difference ", the aperture (reflection circulation area) of metering valve then uses stepless control law, i.e., by expectation fuel flow
The Q and pressure differential deltap P determined, according to flow equation (1)
In formula:Q --- the fuel flow of metering valve is flowed through,
Cd--- the discharge coefficient of metering valve,
Al--- the circulation area of metering valve,
ρg--- fuel density,
Δ P --- the fuel oil pressure difference before and after metering valve,
Calculate current desired fuel flow communication area Al, then metering valve aperture obtained by metering type pore geometry size, and
The dual variation method rule is realized using pid control algorithm;
Step 4. builds complete new change pressure difference fuel flowmeter amount system
Combining step 1-3, sets up whole aero-engine and becomes pressure difference fuel flowmeter amount system, according to pressure difference and circulating face
Product dual variation method rule, obtains the corresponding desired locations signal of metering valve and desired pressure differential signal, is obtained by displacement transducer
To the position feed back signal of current metering valve, compared with the desired locations signal of metering valve, by PID controller 1
Calculate, obtain control signal of the electrohydraulic servo valve 1 to metering valve aperture;Metering valve is experienced respectively by two pressure sensors
Forward and backward fuel pressure, obtains the front and rear Pressure difference feedback signal of metering valve, and compared with the desired pressure differential signal of metering valve
Compared with by the calculating of PID controller 2, obtaining control signal of the electrohydraulic servo valve 2 to oil return valve opening, and then pass through control
Recirculating oil quantity before metering valve is to realize desired pressure difference, the fuel oil stream needed for finally giving under engine different working condition
Amount.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:The present invention proposes a kind of aero-engine fuel-metering device improvement strategy and its control
Device design method, changes the fuel oil pressure difference before and after metering valve, the change pressure difference fuel oil according to different expectation fuel flow scopes
Measurement technology can be while fuel flow metering scope be expanded, it is ensured that the measuring accuracy of fuel flow.During big flow demand,
By suitably increasing pressure difference, bigger fuel flow is obtained under conditions of current maximum flow area, that is, expands fuel oil stream
Measures range is measured, while bigger flow gain also will make fuel control system have faster response speed;Low discharge demand
When, under conditions of the fixation of metering valve type hole structure, flow gain is reduced by reducing pressure difference, is so as to improve
The measuring accuracy of system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the poor fuel-metering device structure chart of certain traditional type level pressure.
Fig. 2 is new change pressure difference fuel-metering device structure chart.
Fig. 3 is the poor fuel metering system control structure block diagram of level pressure.
Fig. 4 is new change pressure difference fuel metering system control structure block diagram.
Fig. 5 is the pressure difference and circulation area dual variation method rule schematic diagram for becoming pressure difference fuel metering system.
Fig. 6 is new change pressure difference fuel-metering device and its control system schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is level pressure difference and becomes pressure difference fuel metering system pressure difference variation track comparison diagram.
Fig. 8 is level pressure difference and becomes pressure difference fuel metering system changes in flow rate track comparison diagram.
Fig. 9 is level pressure difference and the Sensitivity comparison figure (big flow) for becoming pressure difference fuel metering system.
Figure 10 is level pressure difference and the Sensitivity comparison figure (low discharge) for becoming pressure difference fuel metering system.
Figure 11 is level pressure difference and the error in dipping comparison diagram (low discharge) for becoming pressure difference fuel metering system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and technical scheme, the embodiment of the present invention is further illustrated.
The present embodiment is fuel-metering device improved method and its Control System Design of a kind of Aviation engine.Tool
Body detailed design step is as follows:
Step 1. design becomes pressure difference fuel-metering device structure.
The poor fuel-metering device of certain traditional type level pressure is as shown in figure 1, wherein, differential pressure valve, oil return valve and safety valve
Collectively constituted differential pressure controller, its act on be to maintain flow through metering valve front and rear pressure differential deltap P it is constant so that fuel flow
With the circulation area A of metering valvelIn monotropic function relation.On this architecture basics, it is improved to become pressure difference fuel metering
Device, adjusts differential pressure controller component, that is, removes differential pressure valve and only retain oil return valve structure, and adds an oil return valve
Position control passage, by adjust oil return valve aperture control metering valve before fuel oil recirculating oil quantity, so as to adjust metering
Pressure difference before and after valve, reaches the purpose of " change pressure difference ", and the new change pressure difference fuel metering system structure is as shown in Fig. 2 now flow
Cross the fuel flow of the metering valve pressure differential deltap P and circulation area A before and after metering valvelTogether decide on.
Step 2. designs new change pressure difference fuel-metering device control system framework.
For the poor fuel-metering device of traditional level pressure, its control system framework as shown in figure 3, supply engine combustion chamber
Fuel flow is to be cooperated to complete by electronic controller ECU and fuel-metering device, and electronic controller ECU experiences engine and entered
The working status parameters such as mouth temperature, compressor delivery pressure and engine speed, and then calculating is obtained and engine expects fuel oil
The desired locations signal of the corresponding metering valve of flow;By compared with metering valve position feed back signal, calculating and defeated
Go out the control signal of electrohydraulic servo valve;And then the aperture of metering valve is controlled by electrohydraulic servo valve, so that it is different to obtain engine
Fuel flow needed for working condition.The displacement transducer LVDT being connected with metering valve is anti-by metering valve current position signal
Electronic controller ECU is fed to, the closed-loop control of metering valve position is realized.
On the basis of above-mentioned traditional constant pressure difference control pattern, by increase pressure differential deltap P before and after metering valve be used as one it is new
Control variable, and then design one kind by pressure differential deltap P and circulation area AlThe new change pressure difference fuel metering system of dual variation method
System.Become pressure difference fuel metering Control system architecture as shown in figure 4, the LVDT displacement transducers being connected with metering valve will measure work
Door current position signal feeds back to electronic controller ECU, realizes closed-loop control (the reflection circulation area A of metering valve positionl);
Fuel pressure signal before and after current metering valve is fed back to electronics by the pressure sensor installed in oil circuit before and after metering valve
Controller ECU, realizes the closed-loop control (reflection metering valve pressure differential deltap P) of oil return valve position.The new change pressure difference fuel oil meter
Amount system realizes the metering of fuel flow by pressure difference before and after metering valve and the dual variation method of circulation area.
The dual variation method rule and algorithm that step 3. designs new change pressure difference fuel metering system are realized
From step 2, become front and rear pressure differential deltap P and the circulation of metering valve of the pressure difference fuel metering system by metering valve
Area AlDual variation method realize, and corresponding control law determine the two control variables with expect fuel flow it
Between relation, dual variation method rule principle in this patent is as shown in figure 5, the wherein pressure difference of metering valve is using having what level was controlled
Pattern;The aperture of metering valve then uses the pattern of stepless control.Such control model can avoid realizing the essence of fuel oil
Really during control, pressure difference control controls interfering and being crosslinked for the two control modules with flow.
(1) pressure differential deltap P principle of grading and basic control law
According to expecting to become pressure difference fuel metering system increase maximum stream flow scope and improving the demand of low discharge precision, adopt
With " low discharge-small pressure difference ", the pressure difference classification principle of " big flow-big pressure difference ".For the present embodiment, according to certain type aeroplane engine
The factors such as range of flow requirement, the type hole size of machine fuel-metering device, after being tested through substantial amounts of pressure difference mechanism simulation, can be obtained
It ensure that the excursion of pressure difference before and after the metering valve of pressure difference mechanism normal work;Then according to corresponding fuel metering essence
Degree is required, fuel flow scope is segmented, and determine the pressure difference of each flow section successively.It is final true through iterating
It is fixed that three class control is carried out to pressure differential deltap P:
Small fuel flow section (100~1000) kg/h:Use minimum differntial pressure Δ Pmin;
Intermediate fuel flow section (1000~10000) kg/h:Use middle pressure differential deltap Pmidd;
Big fuel flow section (>10000)kg/h:Use maximum differential pressure Δ Pmax。
Linking between three pressure difference-flow sections according to jumping characteristic form, equivalent to the interference signal of step form
The change in location of input, oil return valve and metering valve can be relatively more violent, and corresponding fuel metering output also has distortion, unfavorable
In the even running of system.Therefore, between different fuel flow sections during transition, the expectation displacement of metering valve should continuously become
Change, the final pressure difference classification situation for determining the present embodiment is as follows:
Small fuel flow section (100~900) kg/h:Use minimum differntial pressure Δ Pmin;
Changeover portion 1 (900~2000) kg/h:Pressure difference is by Δ PminRamp to Δ Pmidd;
Intermediate fuel flow section (2000~9000) kg/h:Use middle pressure differential deltap Pmidd;
Changeover portion 2 (9000~15000) kg/h:Pressure difference is by Δ PmiddRamp to Δ Pmax;
Big fuel flow section (>15000)kg/h:Use maximum differential pressure Δ Pmax。
(2) circulation area AlControl form
The circulation area A of metering valvelIt is directly to be embodied by the displacement L of valve (valve element).Therefore, displacement L is straight
Control variable is connect, relation therebetween is determined by the physical dimension of metering type hole.
The expectation fuel flow signal Q given for electronic controller ECU, should determine that before the metering valve first
The grade of pressure difference, that is, determine to be adapted to the desired pressure differential value Δ P of present flow rate scope afterwards;Then according to expectation fuel flow and really
Fixed pressure difference determines the expectation circulation area A of current metering valvel, its Main Basis is the flow equation of metering valve
Formula:
In formula:Q --- flow through the fuel flow of metering valve;
Cd--- the discharge coefficient of metering valve;
The circulation area of Al --- metering valve;
ρg--- fuel density;
Δ P --- the fuel oil pressure difference before and after metering valve.
To realize control law, this patent is using pid control algorithm to becoming the metering valve in pressure difference fuel-metering device
Position control loop and pressure difference control loop carried out the design of controller.Because pid algorithm is simple, with robustness
Good, reliability is high, it is easy to adjust the advantages of, can substantially meet Engineering Control requirement.
Step 4. integrated control law and control algolithm, build complete change pressure difference fuel flowmeter amount system.
Combining step 1-3, sets up new aero-engine and becomes pressure difference fuel flowmeter amount device and its control system, it is former
Reason is as shown in Figure 6.According to pressure difference and circulation area dual variation method rule, obtain the corresponding desired locations signal of metering valve and
Desired pressure differential signal.The position feed back signal of current metering valve is obtained by displacement transducer LVDT, the expectation with metering valve
Position signalling compares, by controller PID1 calculating, obtains control signal of the electrohydraulic servo valve 1 to metering valve aperture;
The forward and backward fuel pressure of metering valve is experienced respectively by two pressure sensors, obtains the front and rear Pressure difference feedback letter of metering valve
Number, and compared with the desired pressure differential signal of metering valve, by controller PID2 calculating, obtain 2 pairs of electrohydraulic servo valve and return
The control signal of oil valve aperture, and then by controlling the recirculating oil quantity before metering valve to realize desired pressure difference, it is final to obtain
Fuel flow needed under to engine different working condition.
In order to illustrate the effect for becoming pressure difference fuel-metering device and its control system in the present embodiment, based on AMESim softwares
The modeling and simulation of poor level pressure, change pressure difference fuel-metering device and its control system is carried out respectively, by two groups of simulation examples, is come
Show the advantage of new change pressure difference fuel metering system in the present invention.
(1) the big fuel flow demand of aero-engine
Simulation parameter is set, metering valve displacement is varied continuously to maximum by minimum value, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are meter respectively
The situation of change and fuel flow variation track of pressure difference before and after amount valve.As shown in Figure 7, the poor fuel-metering device of level pressure
Fuel oil pressure difference is constant before and after full flow section keeps metering valve;Become pressure difference fuel-metering device then according to different fuel oil stream
Section is measured, the fuel oil pressure difference before and after metering valve is synchronously adjusted correspondingly.As shown in Figure 8, with metering valve displacement
Constantly increase, the output fuel flow of fuel-metering device is also incrementally increased;Level pressure difference fuel-metering device is at maximum displacement
(maximum flow area) corresponding fuel flow is output as 100%;Become pressure difference fuel-metering device (max-flow at maximum displacement
Logical area) 130% fuel flow output can be reached, realize and increase combustion in the case where metering valve circulation area is constant
The purpose of oily flow.Fig. 9 is the sensitivity curve of the fuel-metering device in the case of big fuel flow output, becomes pressure difference fuel oil meter
Measure device and be higher than flow gain of the poor fuel-metering device of level pressure to displacement, i.e. the former sensitivity to the flow gain of displacement more
Height, therefore change pressure difference fuel-metering device has faster response speed.
(2) the small fuel flow demand of aero-engine
Simulation parameter is set, metering valve displacement is changed in initial segment, i.e., fuel flow is in low discharge segment limit
(100~1000kg/h), Figure 10 and Figure 11 are sensitivity curve and error in dipping song in the case of small fuel flow output respectively
Line.When metering valve is in initial thin tail sheep section (0~6mm), under conditions of the fixation of metering valve type hole, become pressure difference fuel oil meter
Measure device and be less than flow gain of the poor fuel-metering device of level pressure to displacement to the flow gain of displacement, sensitivity is low, that is, increases
During identical displacement, becoming the flow of pressure difference fuel-metering device increases slower, and this is more conducive to realize that fuel flow is more accurate
Regulation;As shown in Figure 11, in small fuel flow section (100~900kg/h), the error in dipping ratio of pressure difference fuel-metering device is become
The error in dipping of level pressure difference fuel-metering device is small, with higher measuring accuracy.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of aero-engine fuel metering system improvement strategy and its controller design method, it is characterised in that step is such as
Under:
Step 1. design becomes pressure difference fuel-metering device
Based on the poor fuel metering system of traditional level pressure, differential pressure controller component is adjusted, that is, removes differential pressure valve and only retains oil return
Valve, and the position control passage of an oil return valve is added, by controlling the aperture of oil return valve to adjust before metering valve
The recirculating oil quantity of fuel oil, so that changing pressure difference before and after metering valve reaches change pressure difference purpose, realizes the poor fuel metering of traditional level pressure
Device is improved to new change pressure difference fuel-metering device, then flows through the fuel flow of the metering valve pressure difference before and after metering valve
Δ P and circulation area AlTogether decide on;
Step 2. designs new change pressure difference fuel-metering device control system
On the basis of traditional constant pressure difference control pattern, pressure difference is used as a new control variable, design before and after increase metering valve
One kind pressure differential deltap P and circulation area A before and after metering valvelThe new change pressure difference fuel metering system of dual variation method, with meter
Metering valve current position signal is fed back to electronic controller by the connected displacement transducer of amount valve, realizes metering valve position
Closed-loop control be reflection fuel flow communication area Al, the pressure sensor of oil circuit will currently measure work before and after metering valve
Fuel pressure signal after in front of the door feeds back to electronic controller, realizes that the closed-loop control of oil return valve position reflects metering valve
Front and rear pressure differential deltap P, the bivariate control that the new change pressure difference fuel metering system passes through pressure difference before and after metering valve and circulation area
Make to realize the metering of fuel flow;
Step 3. designs the dual variation method rule of new change pressure difference fuel metering system
Maximum stream flow scope is increased according to new change pressure difference fuel metering system and the demand of low discharge precision, bivariate is improved
Pressure differential deltap P, which is used, in control, before and after metering valve a grade control law, i.e. " low discharge-small pressure difference ", " big flow-big pressure difference "
Principle of grading, the aperture of metering valve then uses stepless control law, i.e., by expectation fuel flow Q and the pressure differential deltap P of determination,
According to flow equation (1)
<mrow>
<mi>Q</mi>
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<mi>&rho;</mi>
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<mi>&Delta;</mi>
<mi>P</mi>
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In formula:Q --- the fuel flow of metering valve is flowed through,
Cd--- the discharge coefficient of metering valve,
Al--- the circulation area of metering valve,
ρg--- fuel density,
Δ P --- the fuel oil pressure difference before and after metering valve,
Calculate current desired fuel flow communication area Al, then metering valve aperture obtained by metering type pore geometry size, and use
Pid control algorithm realizes the dual variation method rule;
Step 4. builds complete new change pressure difference fuel flowmeter amount system
Combining step 1-3, sets up whole aero-engine and becomes pressure difference fuel flowmeter amount system, double according to pressure difference and circulation area
Variable Control rule, obtains the corresponding desired locations signal of metering valve and desired pressure differential signal, is worked as by displacement transducer
The position feed back signal of preceding metering valve, compared with the desired locations signal of metering valve, by the calculating of PID controller 1,
Obtain control signal of the electrohydraulic servo valve 1 to metering valve aperture;It is forward and backward that metering valve is experienced respectively by two pressure sensors
Fuel pressure, obtain the front and rear Pressure difference feedback signal of metering valve, and compared with the desired pressure differential signal of metering valve, warp
The calculating of PID controller 2 is crossed, control signal of the electrohydraulic servo valve 2 to oil return valve opening is obtained, and then by controlling metering to live
Recirculating oil quantity in front of the door is to realize desired pressure difference, the fuel flow needed for finally giving under engine different working condition.
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