CN107100643A - Assembled snap joint and its application process for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction - Google Patents
Assembled snap joint and its application process for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107100643A CN107100643A CN201710373967.8A CN201710373967A CN107100643A CN 107100643 A CN107100643 A CN 107100643A CN 201710373967 A CN201710373967 A CN 201710373967A CN 107100643 A CN107100643 A CN 107100643A
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- precast concrete
- interannular
- jurisdiction
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- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008450 motivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
- E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of assembled snap joint for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction and its application process, the assembled snap joint is related to assembled snap joint between the snap joint of interannular assembled and block, and the interannular assembled snap joint includes interannular pin end and interannular female joint;One end of the interannular pin end is pin end connector, and its other end is variable cross-section plug;One end of the interannular female joint offers the connecting groove being adapted with the variable cross-section plug, and its other end is provided with female joint connector;The inwall of the connecting groove is provided with some wedge blocks;The bottom of the connecting groove is provided with wedge block pushing mechanism.It is an advantage of the invention that tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction quickly can be assembled into tunnel by assembled snap joint between block and the snap joint of interannular assembled;The attachment structure of grafting has the ability of good carrying moment of flexure.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to constructing tunnel field, and in particular to a kind of assembled for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction is quick
Joint and its application process.
Background technology
Duct piece connector is the important component of shield tunnel prefbricated tunnel lining section of jurisdiction, and performance, the economy of joint are direct
Determine that the performance of whole liner structure is played and construction cost.Country's shield tunnel liner all uses bolt conduct substantially at present
Connector, including short straight bolt, long straight bolt, curved bolt, oblique bolt etc..
Bolt installs intuitive and reliable as connector, it is ensured that it is required that fastening force, but there is also many problems:
1) using bolt as connector need hand hole is set on section of jurisdiction, hand hole causes weakenings to concrete pipe sheet, construction with
In use the problem of easy generation section of jurisdiction Local Cracking, and then cause percolating water, the normal durability using with lining cutting of influence;2
) fastening of bolt is substantially manual work, take considerable time and manpower, speed of application is slow, long in time limit.
The content of the invention
According to the deficiencies of the prior art described above, It is an object of the present invention to provide one kind is used for tunnel precast concrete pipe
The assembled snap joint of piece and its application process, the assembled snap joint is by the way that the joint that can be mutually inserted locking is connected
Structure is embedded between the block of precast concrete pipe piece both sides on the interannular splicing end face of on splicing end face and rear and front end in advance respectively,
So as to realize the fast and reliable assembly between section of jurisdiction and between tube coupling, asking of existing using bolt as connector is solved
Topic.
The object of the invention is realized and completed by following technical scheme:
A kind of assembled snap joint for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction, is related between the snap joint of interannular assembled and block
Assembled snap joint, the interannular assembled snap joint includes interannular pin end and interannular female joint;The interannular is public
One end of joint is pin end connector, and its other end is variable cross-section plug;One end of the interannular female joint is offered and institute
The connecting groove that variable cross-section plug is adapted is stated, its other end is provided with female joint connector;The inwall of the connecting groove is set
It is equipped with some wedge blocks;The bottom of the connecting groove is provided with wedge block pushing mechanism.
The pin end connector is vertically embedded in the interannular of tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction splicing end face, the public access
The end of head connector is provided with the internal thread being adapted with the structure dowel in the tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction.
The variable cross-section plug includes the columnar part being fixedly connected with the pin end connector and section from introversion
The variable cross-section termination become larger outside, the variable cross-section termination is in pyramid shape.
The connecting groove includes the variable cross-section groove and uniform section groove in pyramid shape successively from the outside to the core, described
The section of variable cross-section groove gradually expands from the outside to the core, constitutes slide ramp face;The wedge block is arranged at the variable cross-section
In gap between groove inner wall and variable cross-section termination outside wall surface, the small thickness end of the wedge block is cut towards described become
The opening of face groove, the wedge block that the big thickness end of the wedge block is rested upon in the uniform section groove is pushed away
On motivation structure.
The wedge block pushing mechanism includes baffle plate and push the spring;The push the spring be arranged on the baffle plate with
And between the bottom surface of the uniform section groove.
The interannular female joint is vertically embedded in the interannular of tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction splicing end face, the female joint
The end of connector is provided with the internal thread being adapted with the structure dowel in the tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction.
Assembled snap joint includes the bottom of pin end between female joint between pin end and block between block, described piece between described piece
Splice between being embedded vertically at the block of tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction in end face at end;The top surface of pin end is provided with T-shaped between described piece
Joint;The top surface of female joint offers the T-shaped groove being adapted with the T connector between described piece;Female joint between described piece
Splice between being embedded vertically at the block of tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction in end face bottom.
A kind of application process of assembled snap joint for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction, it is characterised in that including with
Lower step:During tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction is made, assembled snap joint between block and interannular are assembled respectively
Formula snap joint is spliced in end face and interannular splicing end face between being embedded in block;By between the block of adjacent tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction
Female joint links together between pin end and block, forms the tunnel precast concrete tube coupling of annular;By the adjacent tunnel
Interannular pin end and the interannular female joint between precast concrete tube coupling link together, will be corresponding in connection procedure
Variable cross-section plug insertion connecting groove inside.
During the variable cross-section plug inserts the connecting groove, the end face of the variable cross-section plug is sliding by wedge shape
Block and wedge block pushing mechanism are promoted to the bottom of the connecting groove;When the variable cross-section plug is plugged to specified location
During, the gap between variable cross-section groove inner wall in the variable cross-section plug and the connecting groove gradually increases, institute
State the baffle plate of wedge block pushing mechanism its against push the spring screen resilience effect under promote each wedge block
Insert in the space between the side of the variable cross-section plug and the connecting groove inwall, and form locking structure.
It is an advantage of the invention that can be quick by assembled snap joint between block and the snap joint of interannular assembled
Tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction is assembled into tunnel;A certain degree of construction error can be contained using the attachment structure of grafting,
And the attachment structure of grafting has the ability of good carrying moment of flexure, be conducive to improving section of jurisdiction hoop rigidity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 for the present invention in tunnel precast concrete tube coupling junction partial sectional view;
Fig. 2 for the present invention in tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction junction partial sectional view;
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing at A in Fig. 1 in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing at B in Fig. 2 in the present invention;
Fig. 5 for the present invention in interannular public plug sectional view;
Fig. 6 for the present invention in interannular female sectional view.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram in the interannular assembled snap joint connection procedure in the present invention;
Fig. 8 for the present invention in block between pin end sectional view;
Fig. 9 for the present invention in block between pin end side view;
Figure 10 for the present invention in block between female joint sectional view;
Figure 11 for the present invention in block between female joint side view.
Embodiment
The feature and other correlated characteristics of the present invention are described in further detail by embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, with
It is easy to the understanding of technical staff of the same trade:
Mark 1-26 is respectively in such as Fig. 1-11, figure:Assembled snap joint 2, tunnel between interannular assembled snap joint 1, block
Precast concrete section of jurisdiction 3, tunnel precast concrete tube coupling 4, interannular pin end 5, interannular female joint 6, pin end connector 7, change
Section plug 8, connecting groove 9, female joint connector 10, wedge block 11, wedge block pushing mechanism 12, structure dowel
13rd, it is public between columnar part 14, variable cross-section termination 15, variable cross-section groove 16, uniform section groove 17, baffle plate 18, push the spring 19, block
Female joint 21, top surface 22, top surface 23, T connector 24, T-shaped groove 25, postive stop baffle 26 between joint 20, block.
Embodiment:As shown in Figure 1, 2, the present embodiment is specifically related to a kind of assembled for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction
A kind of snap joint, and in particular to assembled snap joint 2 between interannular assembled snap joint 1 and block;Assembled is fast between block
Quick coupling 2 is used to connecting tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction 3 into the tunnel precast concrete tube coupling 4 circularized, and interannular assembled is fast
Quick coupling 1 is used to link together tunnel precast concrete tube coupling 4 composition tunnel.
As shown in Fig. 3,5,6, interannular assembled snap joint 1 includes interannular pin end 5 and interannular female joint 6;Interannular
One end of pin end 5 is pin end connector 7, and its other end is variable cross-section plug 8;One end of interannular female joint 6 offer with
The connecting groove 9 that variable cross-section plug 8 is adapted, its other end is provided with female joint connector 10;The inwall of connecting groove 9 is set
There are some wedge blocks 11;The bottom of connecting groove 9 is provided with wedge block pushing mechanism 12.
As shown in Fig. 3,5, pin end connector 7 and interannular female joint 6 are vertically embedded in tunnel precast concrete pipe
In the interannular splicing end face of piece 3, the end of the female joint connector 10 of pin end connector 7 and interannular female joint 6 is respectively provided with
There is the internal thread being adapted with the structure dowel 13 in tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction 3.Pouring tunnel precast concrete pipe
, it is necessary to which interannular pin end 5 and interannular female joint 6 are passed through into pin end connector 7 and female joint connector respectively before piece 3
10 are connected with the structure dowel 13 in tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction 3;By being attached with structure dowel, it can facilitate
The predeterminated position that interannular pin end 5 and interannular female joint 6 are embedded in tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction 3.
As shown in figure 5, variable cross-section plug 8 is made up of high-strength stainless steel, variable cross-section plug 8 includes and pin end connector
The variable cross-section termination 15 that 7 columnar parts 14 being fixedly connected and section become larger from inside to outside, the variable cross-section termination 15
In pyramid shape.In the present embodiment, variable cross-section termination 15, columnar part 14 and the three of pin end connector 7 are coaxially disposed.
As shown in Fig. 3,6, connecting groove 9 includes the variable cross-section groove 16 and fixed section in pyramid shape successively from the outside to the core
Face groove 17, the section of variable cross-section groove 16 gradually expands from the outside to the core, constitutes slide ramp face;Wedge block 11 is arranged at change
In gap between the inwall of section grooves 16 and the outside wall surface of variable cross-section termination 15, the small thickness end of wedge block 11 is towards variable cross-section
The opening of groove 16, the big thickness end of wedge block 11 rests upon the wedge block pushing mechanism 12 in uniform section groove 17
On.The area of the opening of variable cross-section groove 16 is more than the face area of variable cross-section termination 15;Wedge block pushing mechanism 12 includes
The baffle plate 18 being arranged in uniform section groove 17 and the push the spring being arranged between baffle plate 18 and the bottom surface of uniform section groove 17
19;Push the spring 19 can be by promoting baffle plate 18, and then promotes inwall of the wedge block 11 along variable cross-section groove 16 to change
The opening of section grooves 16 is slided.
As shown in Fig. 3,5,6, in the present embodiment, the number of wedge block 11 is four, and four wedge blocks 11 distinguish position
In four inwalls of the variable cross-section groove 16 of pyramid shape;In the insertion interannular of variable cross-section plug 8 female joint 6 of interannular pin end 5
Connecting groove 9 after, the space between the variable cross-section termination 15 of the insertion of wedge block 11 variable cross-section plug 8 and variable cross-section groove 16
It is interior, constitute locking structure so that can not be separated between interannular pin end 5 and interannular female joint 6.
As shown in Fig. 2,4,8,9,10,11, assembled snap joint 2 is including mother connects between pin end 20 and block between block between block
First 21, the bottom of pin end 20 is embedded vertically between the block of tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction 3 in splicing end face between block;Public access between block
First 20 top surface 22 is provided with T connector 24;The top surface 23 of female joint 21 between block offers be adapted with T connector 24 T-shaped
Groove 25;The bottom of female joint 21 is spliced in end face between being embedded vertically at the block of tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction 3 between block.
As shown in Fig. 8,9,10,11, in the present embodiment, the bottom surface of female joint 21 is all provided between pin end 20 and block between block
It is equipped with two female bolts hole of tool;Bolt hole is used to connect the structure dowel 13 in tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction 3.
The bearing of trend of T-shaped groove 25 is parallel with the top surface 23 of female joint between block 21;In the present embodiment, T-shaped groove 25 and T connector
24 be the wedge structure being mutually adapted;The tip of T-shaped groove 25 is provided with postive stop baffle 26, and the other end of T-shaped groove 25 is set
Opening is equipped with, T connector 24 is inside the T-shaped groove 25 of the opening insertion.
The present embodiment further relates to a kind of application side of the assembled snap joint for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction
Method, this method comprises the following steps:
1)As shown in Fig. 1,2,5,6,8,10, during tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction 3 is made, respectively by assembled between block
Snap joint 2 and interannular assembled snap joint 1 splice section between being embedded in the block of each tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction 3 respectively
And in interannular splicing end face;Specifically before tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction 3 is poured, respectively by interannular pin end 5, interannular
Female joint 21 is connected to the structure dowel 13 of tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction 3 between pin end 20 and block between female joint 6, block,
Subsequent casting concrete, above-mentioned each joint is embedded in inside tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction 3.In the present embodiment, spelled between block
Connect section parallel with the axis direction in tunnel;Interannular splicing section is vertical with the axis direction in tunnel.
2)As shown in Figure 2,4, by mother connects between pin end 20 and block between the block of adjacent each tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction 3
First 21 link together;In connection procedure, T connector 24 is inserted inside corresponding T-shaped groove 25 successively, each tunnel is pre-
Concrete pipe sheet 3 processed can connect tunnel precast concrete tube coupling 4 circlewise by assembled snap joint 2 between block.
3)As shown in Figure 1,3, it is the interannular pin end 5 between adjacent tunnel precast concrete tube coupling 4 and interannular is female
Joint 6 links together, and inserts corresponding variable cross-section plug 8 inside connecting groove 9 in connection procedure.
As shown in Fig. 5,6,7, during the insertion connecting groove 9 of variable cross-section plug 8, the end face of variable cross-section plug 8 is by wedge
Shape sliding block 11 and wedge block pushing mechanism 12 are promoted to the bottom of connecting groove 9;When variable cross-section plug 8 is plugged to specific bit
During putting, between the inwall of the variable cross-section groove 16 in the variable cross-section termination 15 and connecting groove 9 of variable cross-section plug 8 between
Gap gradually increases, the baffle plate 18 of wedge block pushing mechanism 12 its against push the spring 19 screen resilience effect under promote
In space between the side of each insertion variable cross-section of wedge block 11 termination 15 and the inwall of connecting groove 9, and form locking structure;
End face edge in variable cross-section termination 15 is provided with chamfering structure, and chamfering structure can play guide effect, be easy to wedge block
Space between 11 insertion variable cross-section terminations 15 and the inwall of connecting groove 9.
The advantageous effects of the present embodiment are:Pass through assembled snap joint between block and interannular assembled snap joint
Tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction quickly can be assembled into tunnel;It can be contained using the attachment structure of grafting a certain degree of
Construction error, and ability of the attachment structure with good carrying moment of flexure of grafting, are conducive to improving section of jurisdiction hoop rigidity.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of assembled snap joint for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction, is related to the snap joint of interannular assembled and block
Between assembled snap joint, it is characterised in that the interannular assembled snap joint includes interannular pin end and interannular mother and connect
Head;One end of the interannular pin end is pin end connector, and its other end is variable cross-section plug;The one of the interannular female joint
End offers the connecting groove being adapted with the variable cross-section plug, and its other end is provided with female joint connector;The connection
The inwall of groove is provided with some wedge blocks;The bottom of the connecting groove is provided with wedge block pushing mechanism.
2. a kind of assembled snap joint for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction according to claim 1, its feature exists
Vertically it is embedded in the interannular of tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction splicing end face in the pin end connector, the pin end connection
The end of part is provided with the internal thread being adapted with the structure dowel in the tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction.
3. a kind of assembled snap joint for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction according to claim 1, its feature exists
Include the columnar part that is fixedly connected with the pin end connector and section from inside to outside gradually in the variable cross-section plug
Become big variable cross-section termination, the variable cross-section termination is in pyramid shape.
4. a kind of assembled snap joint for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction according to claim 3, its feature exists
Include the variable cross-section groove and uniform section groove in pyramid shape, the variable cross-section successively from the outside to the core in the connecting groove
The section of groove gradually expands from the outside to the core, constitutes slide ramp face;The wedge block is arranged in the variable cross-section groove
In gap between wall and variable cross-section termination outside wall surface, the small thickness end of the wedge block is towards the variable cross-section groove
Opening, the big thickness end of the wedge block rests upon the wedge block pushing mechanism in the uniform section groove
On.
5. a kind of assembled snap joint for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction according to claim 4, its feature exists
Include baffle plate and push the spring in the wedge block pushing mechanism;The push the spring is arranged on the baffle plate and described
Between the bottom surface of uniform section groove.
6. a kind of assembled snap joint for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction according to claim 1, its feature exists
Vertically it is embedded in the interannular of tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction splicing end face in the interannular female joint, the female joint connector
End be provided with the internal thread being adapted with the structure dowel in the tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction.
7. a kind of assembled snap joint for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction according to claim 1, its feature exists
Between described piece assembled snap joint include pin end between female joint between pin end and block between block, described piece bottom it is vertical
It is embedded between the block of tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction in splicing end face;The top surface of pin end is provided with T connector between described piece;Institute
The top surface for stating female joint between block offers the T-shaped groove being adapted with the T connector;The bottom of female joint is vertical between described piece
It is embedded between the block of tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction in splicing end face.
8. it is a kind of be related to any assembled snap joint for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction in claim 1-7 should
With method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:During tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction is made, it will be assembled respectively between block
Formula snap joint and interannular assembled snap joint are spliced in end face and interannular splicing end face between being embedded in block;By adjacent tunnel
Female joint links together between pin end and block between the block of road precast concrete section of jurisdiction, forms the tunnel precast concrete of annular
Tube coupling;Interannular pin end between the adjacent tunnel precast concrete tube coupling and the interannular female joint are connected to one
Rise, insert corresponding variable cross-section plug inside connecting groove in connection procedure.
9. a kind of application side of assembled snap joint for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction according to claim 8
Method, it is characterised in that during the variable cross-section plug inserts the connecting groove, the end face of the variable cross-section plug will
Wedge block and wedge block pushing mechanism are promoted to the bottom of the connecting groove;When the variable cross-section plug is plugged to finger
During positioning is put, the gap between variable cross-section groove inner wall in the variable cross-section plug and the connecting groove gradually increases
Greatly, the baffle plate of the wedge block pushing mechanism its against push the spring screen resilience effect under promote each wedge shape
Sliding block is inserted in the space between the side of the variable cross-section plug and the connecting groove inwall, and forms locking structure.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201710373967.8A CN107100643A (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2017-05-24 | Assembled snap joint and its application process for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201710373967.8A CN107100643A (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2017-05-24 | Assembled snap joint and its application process for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction |
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CN107100643A true CN107100643A (en) | 2017-08-29 |
Family
ID=59669388
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CN201710373967.8A Pending CN107100643A (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2017-05-24 | Assembled snap joint and its application process for tunnel precast concrete section of jurisdiction |
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CN (1) | CN107100643A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108661666A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-10-16 | 中亿丰隧道工程股份有限公司 | A kind of assembling method and its special equipment of half tube coupling shield tube coupling of rectangle |
CN110318782A (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2019-10-11 | 江苏迅拓机械有限公司 | A kind of composite layer anticorrosion tunnel steel tube piece |
CN113153358A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-07-23 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Automatic connection structure between shield tunnel segment rings and construction method |
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CN108661666A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-10-16 | 中亿丰隧道工程股份有限公司 | A kind of assembling method and its special equipment of half tube coupling shield tube coupling of rectangle |
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CN113153358A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-07-23 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Automatic connection structure between shield tunnel segment rings and construction method |
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Application publication date: 20170829 |