CN107099689A - A kind of Al of reaction in-situ generation2O3The preparation method of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material - Google Patents
A kind of Al of reaction in-situ generation2O3The preparation method of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN107099689A CN107099689A CN201710330601.2A CN201710330601A CN107099689A CN 107099689 A CN107099689 A CN 107099689A CN 201710330601 A CN201710330601 A CN 201710330601A CN 107099689 A CN107099689 A CN 107099689A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
- C22C1/058—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder by reaction sintering (i.e. gasless reaction starting from a mixture of solid metal compounds)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
- C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0036—Matrix based on Al, Mg, Be or alloys thereof
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- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Al2O3The method of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, belongs to aluminum matrix composite preparing technical field.After this method is well mixed using raw material powder, cold-press moulding, the following solid state sintering of melting temperature, then in a little higher than melting temperature, in the case of keeping shape invariance, hardening constituent reaction in-situ under conditions of micro- molten bath is generated, and prepares Al2O3Particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material.The advantage of the invention is：The volume fraction of hardening constituent can arbitrarily change between 0 50%；The distribution of hardening constituent is controllable, forms stable three-dimensional high-melting-point network bracket；Hardening constituent is generated using reaction in-situ, the interfacial cleanliness between hardening constituent and matrix, the advantage such as bond strength height.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparing technical field of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, a kind of reaction in-situ life is related specifically to
Into Al2O3Particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Alumina particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites (Al-MMCs) have light weight, specific strength and specific stiffness is high, resistance to height
Warm nature can good, wear resistence it is remarkable, and many premium properties such as can be molded and be handled with common process and equipment, except can use
In outside aerospace industry and war industry, it may also be used for manufacture on the cylinder block, piston, drag friction part of automobile.
Oxide is widely used in the prior art to be directly added into Al melts, and it is well mixed by stirring.Hardening constituent
Oxide can select aluminum oxide or the SiO that can be reacted with aluminum melt2,CuO,TiO2Or salt NH4Al(SO4)2.Due to being liquid phase
Reaction or hardening constituent are scattered, there is reaction temperature height, the problems such as hardening constituent is thick and scattered uneven.And solid phase powder metallurgy method
For preparing particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, there is following advantage, can arbitrarily adjust the ratio of hardening constituent, strengthen distributed mutually
Uniform the advantages of.
At present, Al is closely related to2O3The existing patent of particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material.Such as patent
CN200710124776.4 is that nano alumina particles are directly added into aluminum metal liquation, makes nanometer using the method for ultrasonic agitation
Alumina particle is dispersed in aluminum melt, is then injected into mould, obtains light metal-based nano composite material.The skill of this patent of invention
Art technique has simply, and the advantages of controllable, but nano particle is to enter matrix by additional mode, and Presence of an interface has dirt
Dye, the low shortcoming of bond strength.Chinese patent CN201010505574.6 is to use borax class boride and K2ZrF6Class fluoride
Pulvis is reaction salt-mixture, and using direct reaction method, directly synthetically prepared nano alumina particles strengthen aluminium in aluminum melt
Based composites.Because the reactant and product of the reaction are all very complicated, along with the generation of slag in course of reaction, also have
The release of KF gases, though this patent of invention can obtain single nano aluminium oxide reinforced aluminum matrix composites, the technique
There is course of reaction complicated, production process carrying capacity of environment is big, there is that slag is produced and gas discharges.Zhu and state etc. have studied
Al-TiO2It is the reaction basis mechanism of XD synthesizing aluminum-based composite materials（China YouSe Acta Metallurgica Sinica, 15 (2), 2005,205-209）.Zhu
It is to use pure Al and TiO with state etc.2Powder, carries out matching somebody with somebody powder, ball milling, cold-extruded is pressed into a diameter of 30mm with certain stoichiometric proportion,
It is highly 10mm or so pressed compact, pressed compact is incubated a period of time in 1000K or so vacuum reaction stove, room temperature is cooled to,
Obtain Al3Ti and Al2O3The aluminum matrix composite strengthened simultaneously.Wherein hardening constituent Al3Ti be to be thick bar-shaped, it is tiny
Al2O3Particle is in small range segregation, not in Dispersed precipitate.Therefore, using this preparation technology, fail to obtain preferable aluminum-base composite
Material structure.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the method using powder metallurgy, prepares equally distributed Al2O3Hardening constituent, and strengthen
It is mutually by the chemical reaction in-situ preparation in sintering process.
The purpose of the present invention is realized by following technical proposal：
The micron Al powder and nano-TiO that use commercial level of the present invention2Powder, particle diameter is respectively 50-100 μm, is less than
100nm.After raw material powder is stoichiometrically weighed, ball milling mixes powder, after cold moudling, is placed in special atmosphere oven and sinters, and is burning
Following chemically react occurs during knot：
In the temperature higher than Al fusing points, during carrying out second step sintering, Al powder melts first, due to by the first of the first step
Walk densification process, Al powder and the solid-state TiO of fusing2Contact, and start reaction, reaction generation is dystectic Al2O3With
Ti, therefore Al liquid will not flow out in this course of reaction, change shape obtained by the first step.Then, Ti and the Al life of generation
Into TiAl3Phase.
The invention difference from existing technology is, a kind of Al of reaction in-situ generation2O3Particle reinforced aluminium-based composite wood
The preparation method of material is in two steps.The first step, composite initial densification, raw material powder TiO2Before being reacted with Al powder,
Uniform mixing is allowed to by ball mill, is generally evenly distributed in before reactions in the middle of Al powder, then by vacuum hot pressing technique or
Vacuum sintering technique or SPS technologies are 20 below Al melting temperaturesoC is sintered, and is allowed to be densified, does not at this moment have also between raw material powder
Chemically react.Due to after preliminary sintering, having formd the high-melting-point network bracket of three-dimensional, these supports are aluminium powder
Separate well.Second step, liquid phase reactor, higher than aluminium fusing point 50oC-100oC or so, is chemically reacted, and in-situ preparation is strong
Change phase.The technology it is critical that, chemically reacted in relatively low temperature, high-melting-point three-dimensional rack is played support and make
With.The melting-reaction method of prior art, due to the hardening constituent density ratio aluminium liquid weight of generation, hardening constituent is not easy to be suspended in aluminium liquid
In, so that hardening constituent ratio skewness in aluminium liquid, the reinforcing Phase Proportion of bottom is more than top.And the spy that this technology has
Point：
4）The volume fraction of hardening constituent can be made to change very big, from arbitrarily changing between 0-50%；
5）The distribution of hardening constituent can be made controllable, stable three-dimensional high-melting-point network bracket is formed；
6）Hardening constituent is generated using reaction in-situ, with advantages such as the interfacial cleanliness between hardening constituent and matrix.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Al prepared using first step method2O3/ Al composite metallographs, form dystectic three-dimensional branch
Frame network
Fig. 2 is Al2O3The X-ray diffractogram of/Al composites, for the sample prepared using two-step method.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described further by following examples.Below with Al powder and TiO2Exemplified by powder, in-situ preparation
Al2O3/TiO2Composite.Embodiment is merely to illustrate the present invention, rather than limits the present invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
Hardening constituent Al2O3Volume fraction is the preparation of 10% aluminum matrix composite.The micron Al powder of commercial level（50-100μm）
And nano-TiO2Powder（Less than 100nm）, in mass ratio to be matched.Such as weigh aluminium powder 85.2 g, TiO2The g of powder 14.8, is put into
It is 10 by ratio of grinding media to material in ball grinder:1 carries out ball milling, and ball milling is after 2 hours.Mixed powder is put into graphite hot pressing die, is placed in true
In empty hot pressing furnace.First 1*10 is extracted into before heating with vacuumizing-2Pa or so, is started to warm up, and is raised to 650oC, is incubated 30min, plus
Press 50MPa.After release, 700 are warming up tooC, is incubated 2h.
Embodiment 2
Hardening constituent Al2O3Volume fraction is the preparation of 15% aluminum matrix composite.The micron Al powder of commercial level（50-100μm）
And nano-TiO2Powder（Less than 100nm）, in mass ratio to be matched.Such as weigh aluminium powder 79 g, TiO2The g of powder 21, is put into ball milling
It is 10 by ratio of grinding media to material in tank:1 carries out ball milling, and ball milling is after 2 hours.Mixed powder is put into graphite hot pressing die, Vacuum Heat is placed in
Press in stove.First 1*10 is extracted into before heating with vacuumizing-2Pa or so, is started to warm up, and is raised to 650oC, is incubated 30min, pressurization
50MPa.After release, 800 are warming up tooC, is incubated 2h.
Embodiment 3
Complex intensifying phase Al2O3Volume fraction is the preparation of 20% aluminum matrix composite.The micron Al powder of commercial level（50-
100μm）And nano-TiO2Powder（Less than 100nm）, in mass ratio to be matched.Aluminium powder 73.7g, TiO2 powder 26.3g is such as weighed,
It is put into ball grinder, is 4 by ratio of grinding media to material:1 carries out ball milling, and ball milling is after 2 hours.Mixed powder is cold-pressed into a diameter of 30mm, it is high
Spend the cylinder for 10mm.Pressed compact is put into gas shield stove and sintered, is first vacuumized before heating with mechanical pump, is extracted into 20Pa
Left and right, with argon cleaning, then is evacuated to 20Pa or so, is passed through argon gas to 8*104Pa, keeps certain negative pressure.Start to warm up, be raised to
700oC, is incubated 30min, is then warming up to 850oC, is incubated 3h.
Embodiment 4
Hardening constituent Al2O3Volume fraction is the preparation of 30% aluminum matrix composite.The micron Al powder of commercial level（50-100μm）
And nano-TiO2Powder（Less than 100nm）, in mass ratio to be matched.Such as weigh aluminium powder 64.7 g, TiO2Powder 35.3g, is put into
It is 4 by ratio of grinding media to material in ball grinder:1 carries out ball milling, and ball milling is after 2 hours.Mixed powder is cold-pressed into a diameter of 30mm, is highly
10mm cylinder.Pressed compact is put into gas shield stove and sintered, is first vacuumized before heating with mechanical pump, 20Pa is extracted into left
The right side, with argon cleaning, then is evacuated to 20Pa or so, is passed through argon gas to 8*104Pa, keeps certain negative pressure.Start to warm up, be raised to
700oC, is incubated 30min, is then warming up to 850oC, is incubated 3h.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Al2O3The preparation method of particle reinforced Al matrix composite, it is characterised in that:
This preparation method is divided into two steps：
Raw material powder is allowed to uniform mixing, other raw material powder uniformly divide by the first step, composite initial densification by ball mill
Cloth is in the middle of Al powder, then by vacuum hot pressing technique or vacuum sintering technique or SPS technologies 50 below Al melting temperaturesoC
Sintering, is allowed to be densified, is not at this moment chemically reacted also between raw material powder, due to after preliminary sintering, having been formed
Three-dimensional high-melting-point network bracket, these supports well separate aluminium powder;Second step, liquid phase reactor, higher than aluminium fusing point
50oC-100oC or so, is chemically reacted, in-situ preparation hardening constituent.
2. a kind of Al according to claim 12O3The preparation method of particle reinforced Al matrix composite, it is characterised in that：With
In preparation Al2O3The raw material powder of/Al composites is available for reaction in-situ generation hardening constituent Al2O3Raw material powder, such as Al powder and
SiO2Powder, Al powder and TiO2Powder, Al powder and CuO2Powder.
3. a kind of Al according to claim 12O3The preparation method of particle reinforced Al matrix composite, it is characterised in that：Al
The particle diameter of powder is micron order, typically between 10-100 microns, and is used for reaction in-situ generation Al2O3The powder of hardening constituent is to receive
Meter level, typically between 10-100 nanometers.
4. a kind of Al according to claim 12O3The preparation method of particle reinforced Al matrix composite, it is characterised in that：It is multiple
The reinforcing phase volume fraction of condensation material is between 0-50.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109082568A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-25 | 天津大学 | A kind of fabricated in situ nanometer CuAl2/Al2O3The preparation method of reinforced aluminum matrix composites |
| CN109609814A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-12 | 吉林大学 | A kind of double scale ceramic particles mix high elastic modulus high-strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN109811169A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-28 | 衢州学院 | A kind of spontaneous Al of situ high pressure2O3The preparation method of particle reinforced Al matrix composite |
| CN113174508A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-07-27 | 江苏大学 | In-situ Al2O3Preparation method of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
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| CN1376805A (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2002-10-30 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | High-strength in-situ Al-base composition |
| US20040166338A1 (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2004-08-26 | Titanox Developments Limited | Titanium based composites and coatings and methods of production |
| CN1900333A (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2007-01-24 | 霍宏伟 | Method for in-situ synthesizing metal base composite material |
| CN106498211A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-03-15 | 华南理工大学 | The preparation method of the steady nanometer phase composite construction Al Sn alloys of nano alumina particles In-sltu reinforcement hyperpyrexia |
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2017
- 2017-05-11 CN CN201710330601.2A patent/CN107099689A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1376805A (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2002-10-30 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | High-strength in-situ Al-base composition |
| US20040166338A1 (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2004-08-26 | Titanox Developments Limited | Titanium based composites and coatings and methods of production |
| CN1900333A (en) * | 2006-07-25 | 2007-01-24 | 霍宏伟 | Method for in-situ synthesizing metal base composite material |
| CN106498211A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-03-15 | 华南理工大学 | The preparation method of the steady nanometer phase composite construction Al Sn alloys of nano alumina particles In-sltu reinforcement hyperpyrexia |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109082568A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-25 | 天津大学 | A kind of fabricated in situ nanometer CuAl2/Al2O3The preparation method of reinforced aluminum matrix composites |
| CN109609814A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-12 | 吉林大学 | A kind of double scale ceramic particles mix high elastic modulus high-strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN109811169A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-28 | 衢州学院 | A kind of spontaneous Al of situ high pressure2O3The preparation method of particle reinforced Al matrix composite |
| CN113174508A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-07-27 | 江苏大学 | In-situ Al2O3Preparation method of particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite |
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