CN107099573A - The method that optimization degreasing mode combining ultrasonic assistance enzymolysis duck liver prepares anti-oxidation peptide - Google Patents

The method that optimization degreasing mode combining ultrasonic assistance enzymolysis duck liver prepares anti-oxidation peptide Download PDF

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CN107099573A
CN107099573A CN201710440564.0A CN201710440564A CN107099573A CN 107099573 A CN107099573 A CN 107099573A CN 201710440564 A CN201710440564 A CN 201710440564A CN 107099573 A CN107099573 A CN 107099573A
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duck liver
freeze
degreasing
duck
dried powder
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CN107099573B (en
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邹烨
王道营
吴海虹
陈琳
张新笑
孙冲
张牧焓
耿志明
徐为民
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Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • C12P21/06Preparation of peptides or proteins produced by the hydrolysis of a peptide bond, e.g. hydrolysate products

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Abstract

Optimize the method that degreasing mode combining ultrasonic assistance enzymolysis duck liver prepares anti-oxidation peptide the present invention relates to a kind of, comprise the following steps:(1)Physiological saline is added after duck liver is shredded, high-speed homogenization adds distilled water, and heat up stir process, is filtrated to get degreasing duck liver albumen;By the volatilization of degreasing duck liver albumen, freeze-drying obtains freeze-dried powder;(2)Freeze-dried powder is added ultrasound is carried out in distilled water;Then trypsase is added, is digested in water-bath, centrifugal filtration takes supernatant;(3)By supernatant hyperfiltration treatment, ultrafiltrate is collected;Ultrafiltrate is freeze-dried, duck liver polypeptide dried powder is obtained.This method is simple to operate, and processing time is short, polypeptide yield is high, and energy consumption is relatively low and zymolyte has the advantages that preferable Scavenging ability.

Description

The method that optimization degreasing mode combining ultrasonic assistance enzymolysis duck liver prepares anti-oxidation peptide
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for preparing anti-oxidation peptide, especially a kind of optimization degreasing mode combining ultrasonic auxiliary enzymes The method that solution duck liver prepares anti-oxidation peptide.
Background technology
China is large agricultural country, and animal products resource is enriched very much, and sizable proportion is occupied in agricultural product total amount.Duck Liver be duck process accessory substance, its vitamin, content of mineral substances enrich, the adequate proteins of especially natural high-quality it is good Good source.But most of duck liver is all sold to restaurant in the form of retail and used for small part customer or discarded, many active matters Matter is not fully used.At present, exploitation natural anti-oxidation health food and natural turn into the section of modem life Focus is learned, evaluates and natural resources of the screening with strong anti-oxidative activity turns into the new trend of Food Science.At present need badly with Duck liver is research object, carries out the preparation of duck liver polypeptide and the research of antioxidation activity, for exploitation natural anti-oxidation health food Scientific basis is provided with the natural added in food.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention be overcome the deficiencies in the prior art there is provided one kind optimization degreasing mode combining ultrasonic it is auxiliary Help the enzymolysis duck liver method for preparing anti-oxidation peptide, this method is simple to operate, processing time is short, polypeptide yield is high, energy consumption it is relatively low and Zymolyte has the advantages that preferable Scavenging ability.
The technical scheme provided according to the present invention, the optimization degreasing mode combining ultrasonic assistance enzymolysis duck liver prepares antioxygen Change the method for peptide, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) high-speed homogenization 1 under the physiological saline of 1~3 times of duck liver weight, 8000~12000rpm is added after duck liver is shredded ~3min, adds the distilled water of 1~3 times of duck liver weight, is warming up to 65~75 DEG C, under 200~400rmp/min at stirring 1~3h is managed, degreasing duck liver albumen is filtrated to get;By degreasing duck liver albumen 1~3h of volatilization, 12 are freeze-dried at -40~-50 DEG C ~24h, obtains freeze-dried powder;
(2) ultrasound is carried out in the distilled water that freeze-dried powder is added to 20~30 times of freeze-dried powder weight;Then add and account for freeze-dried powder The trypsase of weight 0.5%~1.5%, digests in 45~55 DEG C of water-baths and stirs 90 under 200~400rmp/min After~150min, go out 10~20min of enzyme in 90~100 DEG C of water-baths;With HCI pH to neutrality, in 8000~ 12000rmp, 10~20min is centrifuged under the conditions of 4~8 DEG C, filter to take supernatant;
(3) by supernatant hyperfiltration treatment, ultrafiltrate is collected;Ultrafiltrate is freeze-dried, duck liver polypeptide dried powder is obtained.
In a detailed embodiment, it is filtrated to get after degreasing duck liver albumen, then adds into duck liver in the step (1) Enter the distilled water of 1~3 times of duck liver weight, be warming up to 65~75 DEG C, 1~3h of stir process, mistake under 200~400rmp/min Filter, will be filtrated to get degreasing duck liver albumen and is mixed with the degreasing duck liver albumen in step (1).
In a detailed embodiment, ultrasound condition is ultrasonic power in the step (2):150~250W, when ultrasonic Between:3~5min, working time 2s, 3~5s of idle hours, supersonic frequency is 20kHz.
In a detailed embodiment, in the supernatant duck liver peptide concentration in 5.3~6.6mg/mL.
In a detailed embodiment, hyperfiltration treatment is the fiber in filtering accuracy 3kD~5kD in the step (3) Carried out in film.
In a detailed embodiment, ultrafiltrate freeze-drying is -70~-80 by ultrafiltrate in the step (3) 6~12h of pre-freeze at DEG C, then atmospheric pressure be 10~100Pa, temperature be -55~-70 DEG C under the conditions of freeze-drying 24~ 72h。
The present invention can remove the fat in duck liver well using atmospheric cooking degreasing, be conducive to follow-up duck liver product Processing, is a kind of easy to operate duck liver degreasing mode, and is conducive to duck liver proteolysis, saves processing cost, reduces reagent Pollution to environment;Further combining ultrasonic assistance enzymolysis, simple to operate, processing time is short, polypeptide yield is high, energy consumption it is relatively low and Zymolyte has the advantages that preferable Scavenging ability.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the graph of a relation of enzymolysis time of the present invention and duck liver peptide concentration.
Fig. 2 is the graph of a relation that enzymolysis time of the present invention and duck liver polypeptide remove ABTS free radical abilities.
Fig. 3 is the graph of a relation of enzymolysis time of the present invention and duck liver protein hydrolysis degree.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Method of testing of the present invention is as described below:
First, the measure of degree of hydrolysis:
The measure of degree of hydrolysis refers to pH-stat methods.
In formula:DH-degree of hydrolysis, Nb-NaOH concentration (mol/L), B-NaOH volume (mL), Mp-protein hydrolysate Total peptide bond number in the quality (g) of matter, htot-substrate protein, pig brain albumen is 7.6mmol/g, and α-duck liver albumen is averaged Degree of dissociation, (a=[10 (pH-pK)]/[1+10 (pH-pK)] is can be calculated by formula
2nd, the measure of peptide concentration
0.5mL Folin-phenol (reagent A), add 0.5mL sample, 10min are reacted at room temperature, 2mL is added Folin-phenol (reagent B), 25~30 DEG C of heating 5min of water-bath, 0~4 DEG C of processing 10min of cold bath, are determined at 650nm Its absorbance, and sample solution is substituted with deionized water do blank control, containing for polypeptide in sample is calculated according to standard curve Measure (the BSA standard curve ranges of linearity:0~50 μ g/mL).
3rd, the measure of enzymolysis liquid ABTS free radical scavenging activities
(1) preparation (0.01mol/L, pH 7.4) of phosphate sodium buffer solution:Accurately weigh 1.091g Na2HPO4, 0.36g NaH2PO4·2H2O and 8.78g NaCl, with deionized water dissolving, and are diluted to 1000mL, are kept in dark place, and are used in one week.
(2) preparation of ABTS free-atom aqueous solutions:Take 10mg ABTS and 2.9mg K2S2O810mL sodium phosphate buffers are dissolved in, Mixing is standby after 25 DEG C of lucifuge reaction 16h, and the 2mL reaction solutions are taken during experiment, 18mL sodium phosphate buffers is added, is made into ABTS Storing solution, is kept in dark place the same day standby.ABTS storing solutions are diluted with sodium phosphate buffer again, it is surveyed light absorption value at 734nm 0.85 or so, as ABTS working solutions, same day Fresh is used.
(3) assay method:0.1mL sample liquids are taken respectively, 3.9mL ABTS working solutions are added, and are well mixed.Mixed liquor in 10 minutes are stood at room temperature, absorbance (Ai) is determined at wavelength 734nm, replaces sample solution to determine Blank absorbance with distilled water Spend (A0), absorbance (Aj) is measured instead of ABTS working solutions with sodium phosphate buffer, test parallel do three times.Clearance rate calculates public Formula is as follows:
Clearance rate (%)=1- (Ai-Aj)/A0 × 100%
Embodiment 1
It is a kind of to optimize the method that degreasing mode combining ultrasonic assistance enzymolysis duck liver prepares anti-oxidation peptide, comprise the following steps:
(1) fresh or freezing duck liver is gone into surface and internal membrane, the physiological saline of 1 times of duck liver weight is added after chopping, High-speed homogenization 3min under 8000rpm, adds the distilled water of 1 times of duck liver weight, is warming up to 65 DEG C, is stirred under 200rmp/min 3h is handled, degreasing duck liver albumen is filtrated to get, then the distilled water of 1 times of duck liver weight is added into duck liver, 65 DEG C are warming up to, Stir process 3h under 200rmp/min, filtering will be filtrated to get the mixing of degreasing duck liver albumen twice;Degreasing duck liver albumen is placed in In culture dish, volatilization 1h, 24h is freeze-dried at -40 DEG C, freeze-dried powder is obtained in fume hood;
(2) ultrasound, ultrasonic power are carried out in the distilled water that freeze-dried powder is added to 20 times of freeze-dried powder weight:150W, when ultrasonic Between:5min, working time 2s, idle hours 3s, supersonic frequency is 20kHz;Then the pancreas egg for accounting for freeze-dried powder weight 0.5% is added White enzyme, digests in 45 DEG C of water-baths and the enzyme 20min that gone out in 90 DEG C of water-baths is stirred continuously after 90min under 200rmp/min; With 0.2mol/L HCI pH to neutrality, 20min is centrifuged under the conditions of 8000rmp, 4 DEG C, supernatant is filtered to take;Supernatant Middle duck liver peptide concentration is in 5.3mg/mL.
(3) supernatant is subjected to hyperfiltration treatment in filtering accuracy 3kD tunica fibrosa, collects ultrafiltrate;By ultrafiltrate- Pre-freeze 12h at 70 DEG C, then atmospheric pressure be 100Pa, temperature be -55 DEG C under the conditions of be freeze-dried 72h, obtain duck liver polypeptide Dried powder.
Embodiment 2
It is a kind of to optimize the method that degreasing mode combining ultrasonic assistance enzymolysis duck liver prepares anti-oxidation peptide, comprise the following steps:
(1) fresh or freezing duck liver is gone into surface and internal membrane, the physiological saline of 2 times of duck liver weight is added after chopping, High-speed homogenization 2min under 10000rpm, adds the distilled water of 2 times of duck liver weight, is warming up to 70 DEG C, stirred under 300rmp/min Processing 2h is mixed, degreasing duck liver albumen is filtrated to get, then the distilled water of 2 times of duck liver weight is added into duck liver, 70 DEG C are warming up to, Stir process 2h under 300rmp/min, filtering will be filtrated to get the mixing of degreasing duck liver albumen twice;Degreasing duck liver albumen is placed in In culture dish, volatilization 2h, 18h is freeze-dried at -45 DEG C, freeze-dried powder is obtained in fume hood;
(2) ultrasound, ultrasonic power are carried out in the distilled water that freeze-dried powder is added to 25 times of freeze-dried powder weight:200W, when ultrasonic Between:4min, working time 2s, idle hours 4s, supersonic frequency is 20kHz;Then the tryptose for accounting for freeze-dried powder weight 1% is added Enzyme, digests in 50 DEG C of water-baths and the enzyme 15min that gone out in 95 DEG C of water-baths is stirred continuously after 130min under 300rmp/min;With 0.3mol/L HCI pH centrifuges 15min under the conditions of 10000rmp, 6 DEG C, filters to take supernatant to neutrality;Supernatant Middle duck liver peptide concentration is in 6.6mg/mL.
(3) supernatant is subjected to hyperfiltration treatment in filtering accuracy 4kD tunica fibrosa, collects ultrafiltrate;By ultrafiltrate- Pre-freeze 9h at 75 DEG C, then atmospheric pressure be 50Pa, temperature be -60 DEG C under the conditions of be freeze-dried 48h, obtain duck liver polypeptide do Dry powder.
Embodiment 3
It is a kind of to optimize the method that degreasing mode combining ultrasonic assistance enzymolysis duck liver prepares anti-oxidation peptide, comprise the following steps:
(1) fresh or freezing duck liver is gone into surface and internal membrane, the physiological saline of 3 times of duck liver weight is added after chopping, High-speed homogenization 1min under 12000rpm, adds the distilled water of 3 times of duck liver weight, is warming up to 75 DEG C, stirred under 400rmp/min Processing 1h is mixed, degreasing duck liver albumen is filtrated to get, then the distilled water of 3 times of duck liver weight is added into duck liver, 75 DEG C are warming up to, Stir process 1h under 400rmp/min, filtering will be filtrated to get the mixing of degreasing duck liver albumen twice;Degreasing duck liver albumen is placed in In culture dish, volatilization 3h, 12h is freeze-dried at -50 DEG C, freeze-dried powder is obtained in fume hood;
(2) ultrasound, ultrasonic power are carried out in the distilled water that freeze-dried powder is added to 30 times of freeze-dried powder weight:250W, when ultrasonic Between:3min, working time 2s, idle hours 5s, supersonic frequency is 20kHz;Then the pancreas egg for accounting for freeze-dried powder weight 1.5% is added White enzyme, digests in 55 DEG C of water-baths and the enzyme that gone out in 100 DEG C of water-baths is stirred continuously after 150min under 400rmp/min 15min;With 0.4mol/L HCI pH to neutrality, 10min is centrifuged under the conditions of 12000rmp, 8 DEG C, supernatant is filtered to take Liquid;Duck liver peptide concentration is in 6mg/mL in supernatant.
(3) supernatant is subjected to hyperfiltration treatment in filtering accuracy 5kD tunica fibrosa, collects ultrafiltrate;By ultrafiltrate- Pre-freeze 6h at 80 DEG C, then atmospheric pressure be 10Pa, temperature be -70 DEG C under the conditions of be freeze-dried 24h, obtain duck liver polypeptide do Dry powder.
Comparative example 1
(1) fresh or freezing duck liver is gone into surface and internal membrane, added after chopping under 2 times of physiological saline, 10000rpm High-speed homogenization 2min, adds the n-hexane of 2 times of duck liver weight, reflow treatment 5h is filtrated to get degreasing duck liver albumen, by degreasing duck Orgotein is placed in culture dish, and volatilization 2h, is evacuated to no n-hexane smell, at -45 DEG C in vacuum desiccator in fume hood Lower freeze-drying 18h, obtains freeze-dried powder;
(2) ultrasound, ultrasonic power are carried out in the distilled water that freeze-dried powder is added to 25 times of freeze-dried powder weight:200W, when ultrasonic Between:4min, working time 2s, idle hours 4s, supersonic frequency is 20kHz;Then the tryptose for accounting for freeze-dried powder weight 1% is added Enzyme, digests in 50 DEG C of water-baths and the enzyme 15min that gone out in 95 DEG C of water-baths is stirred continuously after 130min under 300rmp/min;With 0.3mol/L HCI pH centrifuges 15min under the conditions of 10000rmp, 6 DEG C, filters to take supernatant to neutrality;Supernatant Middle duck liver peptide concentration is in 4.7mg/mL.
(3) supernatant is subjected to hyperfiltration treatment in filtering accuracy 4kD tunica fibrosa, collects ultrafiltrate;By ultrafiltrate- Pre-freeze 9h at 75 DEG C, then atmospheric pressure be 50Pa, temperature be -60 DEG C under the conditions of be freeze-dried 48h, obtain duck liver polypeptide do Dry powder.
Comparative example 2
(1) fresh or freezing duck liver is gone into surface and internal membrane, added after chopping under 2 times of physiological saline, 10000rpm High-speed homogenization 2min, adds 95% ethanol of 2 times of duck liver weight, and reflow treatment 2h is filtrated to get degreasing duck liver albumen, by degreasing Duck liver albumen is placed in culture dish, and volatilization 2h, is evacuated to no ethanol smell, at -45 DEG C in vacuum desiccator in fume hood Lower freeze-drying 18h, obtains freeze-dried powder;
(2) ultrasound, ultrasonic power are carried out in the distilled water that freeze-dried powder is added to 25 times of freeze-dried powder weight:200W, when ultrasonic Between:4min, working time 2s, idle hours 4s, supersonic frequency is 20kHz;Then the tryptose for accounting for freeze-dried powder weight 1% is added Enzyme, digests in 50 DEG C of water-baths and the enzyme 15min that gone out in 95 DEG C of water-baths is stirred continuously after 130min under 300rmp/min;With 0.3mol/L HCI pH centrifuges 15min under the conditions of 10000rmp, 6 DEG C, filters to take supernatant to neutrality;Supernatant Middle duck liver peptide concentration is in 5.1mg/mL.
(3) supernatant is subjected to hyperfiltration treatment in filtering accuracy 4kD tunica fibrosa, collects ultrafiltrate;By ultrafiltrate- Pre-freeze 9h at 75 DEG C, then atmospheric pressure be 50Pa, temperature be -60 DEG C under the conditions of be freeze-dried 48h, obtain duck liver polypeptide do Dry powder.
From embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-2, obtained duck liver is more using atmospheric cooking degreasing hydrolysis result preferably Peptide concentration highest.
As shown in figure 1, with the extension of enzymolysis time, duck liver peptide concentration increases, and in 130min, peptide concentration reaches Maximum, up to 6.6mg/mL.
As shown in Fig. 2 with the extension of enzymolysis time, duck liver peptide concentration increases, the ABTS free radicals of duck liver polypeptide Clearance rate is also in increase, during enzymolysis time 5min, and peptide concentration reaches 1.3mg/mL, and it is 66% to remove ABTS free radicals ability; By calculating, duck liver polypeptide removes the EC of ABTS free radicals50It is worth for 0.76mg/mL, shows that duck liver polypeptide has preferable Antioxidation activity.
As shown in figure 3, in enzymolysis time 10-30min, degree of hydrolysis increase is very fast, and enzymolysis time is after 90min, water Xie Du increases slow down, and illustrate the extension with enzymolysis time, and degree of hydrolysis change is slow.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of optimize the method that degreasing mode combining ultrasonic assistance enzymolysis duck liver prepares anti-oxidation peptide, it is characterized in that, including with Lower step:
(1)High-speed homogenization 1 ~ 3 under the physiological saline of 1 ~ 3 times of duck liver weight, 8000 ~ 12000 rpm is added after duck liver is shredded Min, adds the distilled water of 1 ~ 3 times of duck liver weight, is warming up to 65 ~ 75 DEG C, the stir process 1 ~ 3 under 200 ~ 400 rmp/min H, is filtrated to get degreasing duck liver albumen;By degreasing duck liver albumen 1 ~ 3 h of volatilization, 12 ~ 24 h are freeze-dried at -40 ~ -50 DEG C, Obtain freeze-dried powder;
(2)Ultrasound is carried out in the distilled water that freeze-dried powder is added to 20 ~ 30 times of freeze-dried powder weight;Then add and account for freeze-dried powder weight 0.5% ~ 1.5% trypsase, enzymolysis and 90 ~ 150 min of stirring under 200 ~ 400 rmp/min in 45 ~ 55 DEG C of water-baths Afterwards, go out the min of enzyme 10 ~ 20 in 90 ~ 100 DEG C of water-baths;With HCI pH to neutrality, in 8000 ~ 12000 rmp, 4 ~ 8 DEG C Under the conditions of centrifuge 10 ~ 20 min, filter to take supernatant;
(3)By supernatant hyperfiltration treatment, ultrafiltrate is collected;Ultrafiltrate is freeze-dried, duck liver polypeptide dried powder is obtained.
2. the method that optimization degreasing mode combining ultrasonic assistance enzymolysis duck liver prepares anti-oxidation peptide as claimed in claim 1, its It is characterized in:The step(1)In be filtrated to get after degreasing duck liver albumen, then add into duck liver the distillation of 1 ~ 3 times of duck liver weight Water, is warming up to 65 ~ 75 DEG C, the h of stir process 1 ~ 3 under 200 ~ 400 rmp/min, filtering, will be filtrated to get degreasing duck liver egg In vain and step(1)In degreasing duck liver albumen mixing.
3. the method that optimization degreasing mode combining ultrasonic assistance enzymolysis duck liver prepares anti-oxidation peptide as claimed in claim 1, its It is characterized in:The step(2)Middle ultrasound condition is ultrasonic power:150 ~ 250 W, ultrasonic time:3 ~ 5 min, working time 2 S, the s of idle hours 3 ~ 5, supersonic frequency is 20 kHz.
4. the method that optimization degreasing mode combining ultrasonic assistance enzymolysis duck liver prepares anti-oxidation peptide as claimed in claim 1, its It is characterized in:Duck liver peptide concentration is in 5.3 ~ 6.6 mg/mL in the supernatant.
5. the method that optimization degreasing mode combining ultrasonic assistance enzymolysis duck liver prepares anti-oxidation peptide as claimed in claim 1, its It is characterized in:The step(3)Middle hyperfiltration treatment is carried out in the kD of the kD of filtering accuracy 3 ~ 5 tunica fibrosa.
6. the method that optimization degreasing mode combining ultrasonic assistance enzymolysis duck liver prepares anti-oxidation peptide as claimed in claim 1, its It is characterized in:The step(3)The freeze-drying of middle ultrafiltrate be by ultrafiltrate at -70 ~ -80 DEG C the h of pre-freeze 6 ~ 12, then big Atmospheric pressure be 10~100 Pa, temperature be -55~-70 DEG C under the conditions of be freeze-dried 24~72 h.
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