CN107099087A - A kind of water resistant tree-shaped crosslinking polyethylene-insulated cable insulation material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of water resistant tree-shaped crosslinking polyethylene-insulated cable insulation material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107099087A CN107099087A CN201710354904.8A CN201710354904A CN107099087A CN 107099087 A CN107099087 A CN 107099087A CN 201710354904 A CN201710354904 A CN 201710354904A CN 107099087 A CN107099087 A CN 107099087A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
- C08J3/246—Intercrosslinking of at least two polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/28—Treatment by wave energy or particle radiation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/06—Polyethene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2471/00—Characterised by the use of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/05—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymer components which can react with one another
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
- C08L2312/06—Crosslinking by radiation
Abstract
The present invention relates to cable insulation material technology, especially a kind of water-resistant tree-shaped crosslinking polyethylene-insulated cable insulation material and preparation method thereof.The present invention is first by 100 parts of the polyethylene of parts by weight, 0.1~0.6 part of primary antioxidant, 0.05~0.2 part of auxiliary antioxidant, 0.5~5 part of unsaturated polyether, irradiate 1~3 part of raw material premix of sensitizer and close uniform, then by double screw extruder extruding pelletization, technological temperature obtains water resistant tree cable material between 120~230 DEG C, that is,；Irradiation processing processing is carried out using high-energy ray under vacuum or inert atmosphere conditions after the shaping of water resistant tree cable material again twisted polyethylene cable is made, irradiation dose is in 50~200kGy.The present invention greatly reduces the dielectric loss performance of cable insulation material, has so both reduced the loss of electric energy in circuit, while reducing because loss causes the operating temperature of electric cable heating.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cable insulation material technology, especially a kind of water-resistant tree-shaped crosslinking polyethylene-insulated cable insulation material
Material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) is, using chemically or physically, polyethylene molecule is become by linear molecular structure
For tridimensional network, thermoplastic is changed into thermosets, and operating temperature brings up to 90 DEG C from 70 DEG C, significantly improves material
Expect performance.Since being come out from the fifties, because the advantages of its performance is remarkable, manufacturing process is simple, maintenance is easy, in power transmission and distribution system
System, commercial plant or other need Large Copacity to be used widely with electrical domain.
Early in the sixties in last century, people find that plastic cable insulation can be produced in the presence of electric field and water inside it
Tree dsicharge passage, is referred to as " water tree ".The development continued growth of " water tree " meeting over time, ultimately results in cable insulation quilt
Puncture, the major reason as cable earlier period damage.
The water tree aging phenomenon of XLPE cable can mainly be summarized as it is following some：(1) while when there is water and electric field
Can occur water tree, water tree can also occur under relatively low electric field；(2) water tree is diameter 0.1 Dao several μm
Water-filled air gap set；(3) uneven place's shape of outer semiconductor layer in impurity present in insulating, stomata and insulating surface
Into high local fields position be occur water tree starting point；(4) it is easier than under DC electric field under AC field to produce water
Branch, ac frequency is higher, and development speed is faster；(5) easily occurs water tree when temperature is high.
With the lasting progress to water tree research extensively and profoundly, the method for many raising cable long term life characteristics is adopted
With, including the insulating materials of water resistant tree effect, the construction of cable for extruding semi-conductive screen, designing waterproof are used, and improve exhausted
The process conditions of edge manufacture.
There has been proposed the method for many improvement material water tree resistant properties, these methods can be summarized as two classes：The first
Method is to obtain water resistant tree characteristic by having the additive of affinity interaction and polymeric material to mix with matrix material molecules chain.This
The method of kind is using Dow Chemical company as representative.Second method is to change the property of polymeric material in itself, that is, changes poly-
Adduct molecule structure, polymer architecture form, are either blended or are used polymer alloy using different polymeric materials.This
The method of kind uses copolymer with Borealis of polyolefin supplier using European topmost cable as representative.These copolymers contain
Peroxide cross-linking agent, cross-linking reaction is carried out so as to obtain crosslinked polyethylene insulation material in high temperature using chemical method.
Current people solve the problems, such as the water tree in Insulation Material, including more ripe use addition using many kinds of measures
Method and ionomer of agent polyethylene glycol (PEG) etc. improve the water tree resistant property of Insulation Material.Though but current various technologies
So there is certain effect in terms of water resistant tree, but to the processing characteristics (precipitation problem) and the dielectric of insulating materials of Insulation Material
The electrical properties such as loss, dielectric strength are but negatively affected.During production in order to obtain the various performances required for power cable from
And different additive is added in Insulation Material, in order to ensure that energy is compatible very well between additive and base material, must be added to compatible again
Agent.In addition, most common crosslinked polyethylene insulation material is all prepared using the method for chemical crosslinking at present, height is so not only needed
Warm condition consumes the energy, and peroxide decomposition is equally existed, and so not only has influence on the pure of cable insulation material
Degree, while the aggregated structure of original base material is largely changed, so that the performance of product is have impact on, it is difficult in various property
A kind of suitable balance is reached between energy.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art to be crosslinked there is provided a kind of water resistant tree-shaped
PE cable insulation material and preparation method thereof.Degree of unsaturation will be contained by the method such as melt blending and Physics Irradiation crosslinking
Water tree retarding additive be grafted onto in the way of chemical bond on the macromolecular chain of matrix resin so that solve water resistant tree addition
The problems such as compatibility between agent and polyethylene and precipitation.The cable insulation material has stronger water tree resistant property, preferably
Dielectric properties and applicability, early stage can be processed in higher temperature, greatly improve production efficiency, and subsequent forming uses high-energy ray
Irradiation processing, is cleaned, efficiently, without harsh conditions such as high temperature, energy consumption is low, and sharpest edges are without worrying in cable running
The problems such as precipitation of additive.
Technical scheme：A kind of water resistant tree-shaped crosslinking polyethylene-insulated cable insulation material, including following parts by weight
Premix：
Described primary antioxidant is one kind or several in antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 300, antioxidant 264, antioxidant 2246
Plant compounding.
Described auxiliary antioxidant be phosphite ester kind antioxidant 168, antioxidant PEP-36, organic sulfur compound DLTP and
One or more of compoundings in DSTP.
The molecular weight of described unsaturated polyether is 400~5000.
Described irradiation sensitizer is trimethylol-propane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA), triallyl isocyanuric acid
Ester (TAIC), one kind in trimethylolpropane diacrylate (TMPDA) or or several compoundings.
A kind of preparation method of water resistant tree-shaped crosslinking polyethylene-insulated cable insulation material, comprises the following steps：First by parts by weight
100 parts of polyethylene, 0.1~0.6 part of primary antioxidant, 0.05~0.2 part of auxiliary antioxidant, 0.5~5 part of unsaturated polyether, spoke
Close uniform according to 1~3 part of raw material premix of sensitizer, then by double screw extruder extruding pelletization, technological temperature is 120~230
Between DEG C, that is, obtain water resistant tree cable material；Height is used under vacuum or inert atmosphere conditions after the shaping of water resistant tree cable material again
Energy ray carries out irradiation processing processing and twisted polyethylene cable is made, and irradiation dose is in 50~200kGy.
Described high-energy ray is one kind in alpha ray, β rays, gamma-rays or high-power electron beam, preferably gamma-rays or height
Can electron beam.
The manufacturing process and existing common cable material of the present invention is different, and required raw material only need to be passed through into double spiral shells in proportion
Bar extrusion unit high-temperature fusion is well mixed, then extruding pelletization, you can obtain water-tree-retardant cable insulation material；Water resistant tree is insulated
Radiation treatment is carried out under high-energy ray after material shaping, you can obtain water resistant tree-shaped crosslinked polyethylene insulation material.
The water-tree-retardant cable insulation material that the present invention is provided, not only performance comply fully with national JB/T10437-2004《Electricity
Line cable crosslinkable polyethylene Insulation Material》Related request, and its water tree length compared with common cable material reduction by 40%
~60%；And with preferable processing performance and applicability.
The present invention is main in addition to it with the addition of water tree resistant property of the water wetted material of similar polyethylene glycols to ensure material
If based on grafting modification, in the absence of the compatibility in cable molding later stage；And cable is greatly reduced by contrast
The dielectric loss performance of insulating materials, had so both reduced the loss of electric energy in circuit, while reducing because loss causes electricity
The operating temperature of cable heating.
Embodiment
Described various raw material are commercially available, and the content not being described in detail is prior art.
Among in previous studies, the cable insulation material for preparing water resistant tree is mainly a certain amount of polyethylene glycol of addition,
Although Technical comparing is ripe, in technique or improved place in need, in addition to water tree resistant property, it is also contemplated that
Compatibility performance and the processing of electrical breakdown strength, dielectric loss, heat endurance and the polyethylene glycol and polythene material of material
Performance.
Thinking of the present invention be by adding hydroaropic substance (unsaturated polyether), improving the interaction of polymer and water,
So as to reduce the speed of growth of water tree, the service life of cable is greatly prolonged；By introducing unsaturated double-bond, penetrated in high energy
In the presence of line, water resistant tree additive is connected with matrix resin strand, and three dimensional network is formed between matrix resin strand
Network structure, so as to substantially increase the stability and service temperature of material water tree resistant property.
The polyethylene (PE) used in the present invention, is the Alathon manufactured with conventional high-tension method；Density 0.910~
0.930g/cm3Between, melt index is in 1~10g/10min, preferably in 1.5~5g/10min；PE can be a kind of ethene
Homopolymer or ethene and a small amount of one or more alhpa olefins containing 3~12 carbon atoms copolymer, this alhpa olefin is most
A kind of good mixture containing 4~8 carbon atoms and alkadienes or this homopolymer and copolymer.Here alhpa olefin be propylene,
1- butylene, 1- hexenes, the amylene of 4 methyl 1,1 octene.
In general, unsaturated polyether is defined according to its degree of unsaturation and molecular weight, and the scope of molecular weight is 100
Between~10000, preferably between 400~5000.Polyethers degree of unsaturation is main between 1~3；When degree of unsaturation is 1, its
The main linking point for providing chemical graft；When degree of unsaturation is more than 1, the linking point of graft modification is provide not only, may be used also
To play assistance crosslinked action.Unsaturated polyether is a kind of polar compound, and degree of unsaturation can use molecular formula for 1 polyethers
CH2=CHCH2-O(CH2CH2O)n- H is represented.Here n can so can be obtained by 400~5000 molecule from 6 to 100
Measure scope.Unsaturated polyether content in Insulation Material can be between 0.5~5 part.
In the present invention, primary antioxidant can be antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 300, antioxidant 264, antioxidant 2246 etc.
In one or more of compoundings；Auxiliary antioxidant can be phosphite ester kind antioxidant 168, antioxidant PEP-36 and organic sulfur
One or more of compoundings in compound DLTP and DSTP etc..
Irradiation processing is carried out using gamma-rays or high-power electron beam after water-tree-retardant cable insulation material shaping and handles obtained hand over
Join polyethylene insulation material, irradiation dose is in 50~200kGy.
Embodiment 1：Material composition and parts by weight：
Above raw material premix are closed uniform, then by double screw extruder extruding pelletization, technological temperature is 120~230
Between DEG C, that is, obtain water resistant tree cable material；Irradiation processing processing is carried out using gamma-rays after water-tree-retardant cable insulation material shaping
Crosslinked polyethylene insulation material is made, irradiation dose is in 50kGy.
Embodiment 2：Material composition and parts by weight：
Above raw material premix are closed uniform, then made at a temperature of 120~230 DEG C by double screw extruder extrusion
Grain, that is, obtain water resistant tree cable material；Irradiation processing processing is carried out after water-tree-retardant cable insulation material shaping using gamma-rays to be made
Crosslinked polyethylene insulation material, irradiation dose is in 120kGy.
Embodiment 3：Material composition and parts by weight：
Above raw material premix are closed uniform, then made at a temperature of 120~230 DEG C by double screw extruder extrusion
Grain, that is, obtain water resistant tree cable material；Irradiation processing processing is carried out after water-tree-retardant cable insulation material shaping using electron beam to be made
Crosslinked polyethylene insulation material, irradiation dose is in 200kGy.
Embodiment 4：Material composition and parts by weight：
Above raw material premix are closed uniform, then made at a temperature of 120~230 DEG C by double screw extruder extrusion
Grain, that is, obtain water resistant tree cable material；Irradiation processing processing is carried out after water-tree-retardant cable insulation material shaping using electron beam to be made
Crosslinked polyethylene insulation material, irradiation dose is in 150kGy.
The sample that example 2 is obtained, together tests by property indices with existing insulated cable material product, obtains such as
Under compare data, be shown in Table one.
Table one：
Note：YJ-35 is the 35kV XLPE insulated cable materials that certain company produces, commercially available.
The resulting materials performance of example 2 complies fully with JB/T 10437-2002 it can be seen from the data of table one《Electric wire
Use crosslinkable polyethylene Insulation Material》In 35kV CABLE MATERIALSs requirement, and its water tree length compare with common cable material reduce about
58%.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of water resistant tree-shaped crosslinking polyethylene-insulated cable insulation material, it is characterized in that：Include the premix of following parts by weight：
2. a kind of water resistant tree-shaped crosslinking polyethylene-insulated cable insulation material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described master
Antioxidant is one or more of compoundings in antioxidant 1010, antioxidant 300, antioxidant 264, antioxidant 2246.
3. a kind of water resistant tree-shaped crosslinking polyethylene-insulated cable insulation material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described is auxiliary
Aid anti-oxidants are the one or more in phosphite ester kind antioxidant 168, antioxidant PEP-36, organic sulfur compound DLTP and DSTP
Compounding.
4. a kind of water resistant tree-shaped crosslinking polyethylene-insulated cable insulation material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：It is described not
The molecular weight of saturation polyethers is 400~5000.
5. a kind of water resistant tree-shaped crosslinking polyethylene-insulated cable insulation material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described spoke
It is trimethylol-propane trimethacrylate, Triallyl isocyanurate, trimethylolpropane diacrylate according to sensitizer
One kind or or several compoundings in ester.
6. a kind of method of water resistant tree-shaped crosslinking polyethylene-insulated cable insulation material described in claim 1 is prepared, it is characterized in that：Bag
Include following steps：First by 100 parts of the polyethylene of parts by weight, 0.1~0.6 part of primary antioxidant, 0.05~0.2 part of auxiliary antioxidant,
0.5~5 part of unsaturated polyether, irradiation 1~3 part of raw material premix of sensitizer close uniform, are then made by double screw extruder extrusion
Grain, technological temperature obtains water resistant tree cable material between 120~230 DEG C, that is,；Again after the shaping of water resistant tree cable material in vacuum or
Irradiation processing processing is carried out using high-energy ray under inert atmosphere conditions and is made twisted polyethylene cable, irradiation dose 50~
200kGy。
7. a kind of preparation method of water resistant tree-shaped crosslinking polyethylene-insulated cable insulation material according to claim 6, its feature
It is：Described high-energy ray is one kind in alpha ray, β rays, gamma-rays or high-power electron beam.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110041590A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-07-23 | 山西山花新材料有限公司 | TAIC helps cross-linking method to manufacture ultraviolet light irradiation crosslinkable polyethylene cable material |
| CN111892757A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-11-06 | 浙江太湖远大新材料股份有限公司 | Water-tree-resistant polyolefin cable material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115160674A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-11 | 巢湖市金鸿电缆有限公司 | Processing method of environment-friendly cable insulating material |
| CN116178824A (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2023-05-30 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Crosslinked polyethylene insulating material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN1096687C (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 2002-12-18 | 皮雷利·卡维有限公司 | Insulating composition for preventing water-tree shape material forming |
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| US4812505A (en) * | 1987-05-18 | 1989-03-14 | Union Carbide Corporation | Tree resistant compositions |
| CN1096687C (en) * | 1996-06-21 | 2002-12-18 | 皮雷利·卡维有限公司 | Insulating composition for preventing water-tree shape material forming |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110041590A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-07-23 | 山西山花新材料有限公司 | TAIC helps cross-linking method to manufacture ultraviolet light irradiation crosslinkable polyethylene cable material |
| CN111892757A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-11-06 | 浙江太湖远大新材料股份有限公司 | Water-tree-resistant polyolefin cable material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115160674A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-10-11 | 巢湖市金鸿电缆有限公司 | Processing method of environment-friendly cable insulating material |
| CN116178824A (en) * | 2023-03-14 | 2023-05-30 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Crosslinked polyethylene insulating material and preparation method and application thereof |
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